Dr. Fred Williams III, DVMVeterinary Medical Diagnostic Lab

College of Vet MedUniversity of Missouri

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18 year old female alpaca Herd of 40 alpacas separated by age,

sex, and reproductive status All groups have fenceline contact

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Recent history of travel to large alpaca exhibition

Total of 14 animals, females and crias affected

Lightly affected resolved spontaneously More severely affected treated with

Excenel for four days. One of the severely affected animals died

10 days after clinical signs developed

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Diffuse fibrinosuppurative pneumonia Widespread interlobular emphysema and

multiple pulmonary bulla Marked enlargement of hilar lymph nodes Splenic hematomas Renal infarction

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Fibrosis of alveolar septa Type II pneumocyte hyperplasia Pneumonia

Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on

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Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on

SEVPAC website only

Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on

SEVPAC website only

Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on

SEVPAC website only

Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on

SEVPAC website only

Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on

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Bacterial cultures were not recognized respiratory pathogens Serratia proteamaculans Aceinetobacter calcoaeticus lwoffi

PCR examination Positive for herpesvirus Negative for Bluetongue or BVD

Virus isolation was negative Most likely due to poor cell line.

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Sequencing of the amplification product produced 97% homology with reported sequences derived from Equine herpesvirus-5 (EHV-5)

Herdmates are seronegative for EHV-1 and BHV-1, which have been reported in camelids

EHV-1 => neurological signs and blindness1

BHV-1 => fatal pneumonia2

1 House JA, Gregg DA, Lubroth j, et al. Experimental equine herpesvirus-1 infection in llamas (Lama glama). J Vet Diag Invest 1991; 2:137-143

2 Williams JR, Evermann RF, Beede ES et al. Association of bovine herpesvirus type 1 in a llama with bronchopneumonia. J Vet Diag Invest 1991; 3258-260

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Also referred to as “snots” Mucopurulent nasal discharge Pneumonia and respiratory failure First noted in July 2007 Throughout the US (CA, WA, OR, and

New England area) Typically following return from shows

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Morbidity can reach 100% Mortality ranges from 0 – 75% Most commonly moderate, self-limiting

disease No etiology is currently identified

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Similar presentation in equines Associated with Equine herpesvirus-53

3 Williams KJ, Maes R, Del Piero A, et al. Equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis: A newly recognized herpesvirus-associated fibrotic lung disease. Vet Path 2007; 44:849-862.

Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on

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Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on

SEVPAC website only