Downstream Processing Ppt1

8/3/2019 Downstream Processing Ppt1

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GARIMA AWASTHIAmity Institute of Biotechnology

Amity University, Lucknow


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The various stages of processing that

occur after the completion of the

fermentation or bioconversion stage,

including separation, purification, and

packaging of the product


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Removal of insoluble's

Cell Disruption (if product isintracellular)

Product Isolation

Product Purification Product Polishing


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Fermentation Broth

Removal of insoluble's

(if product is intracellular) (if product is extracellular)

Cell Disruption Product Isolation

Product Purification

Product Polishing

Packaging

Filtration

Centrifugation

Extraction

Adsorption

Partial Purificatio

High Resolution

Chromatography

Crystallization

Drying


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Capture of the product as a solute in a

particulate-free liquid

Example:

separation of cells, cell debris or other

particulate matter from fermentation broth.

Techniques:

Filtration

Centrifugation


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Filtration A mechanical operation used for the

separation of solids from fluids (liquids or

gases) by interposing a medium to fluidflow through which the fluid can pass, but

the solids in the fluid are retained.

Basis of separation is poresize of membrane.


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Centrifugal force is applied for the

separation of mixtures

The basis of separation is density

difference

More-dense components migrate away

from the axis of the centrifuge

less-dense components migrate

towards the axis.


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Reducing the volume of material to be

handled and concentrating the product.

The unit operations involved

Extraction

Adsorption


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Partial Purification Protein precipitation

High resolution purification technique

Chromatography Ultra filtration Microfiltration Dialysis Electro-dialysis Electrophoresis


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Formation of a solid in a solution during a chemical

reaction.

Solid formed is called the precipitate and the liquid

remaining above the solid is called the supernate.

Protein Precipitation


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To separate contaminants that resemble

the product very closely in physical and

chemical properties.

Expensive and require sensitive and

sophisticated equipment.


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Gel Chromatography

Ion exchange Chromatography

Affinity Chromatography Hydrophobic interaction

Chromatography


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Final processing steps which end

with packaging of the product in a

form that is stable, easily

transportable and convenient.

Crystallization, desiccation,

lyophilization and spray drying are

typical unit operations


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Process of formation of solid crystals

precipitating from a solution, melt or

more rarely deposited directly from a

gas.

chemical solid-liquid separation

technique, in which mass transfer of asolute from the liquid solution to a

pure solid crystalline phase occurs.


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Removal of solvent or moisture content

from product so as to dry the product

which increase the shelf life of the

product

Conduction Drying

Tray Drying

Tumble Drying

Adiabatic Drying


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Freezing the material

Reducing the surrounding pressure

and adding enough heat to allow the

frozen water in the material to

sublime directly from the solid phase

to gas.


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Downstream Processing Ppt1

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