Dover District Council Annual Status Report 2019 · 2019. 11. 4. · Dover District Council LAQM...
Transcript of Dover District Council Annual Status Report 2019 · 2019. 11. 4. · Dover District Council LAQM...
Dover District Council
Dover District Council
Annual Status Report 2019
Bureau Veritas
August 2019
Dover District Council
Document Control Sheet
Identification
Client Dover District Council
Document Title Dover District Council Annual Status Report
Bureau Veritas Ref No.
6486897/UK/v1
Contact Details
Company Name Bureau Veritas UK Limited Dover District Council
Contact Name Paul Bentley Brian Gibson
Position Senior Consultant Senior Environmental Protection Officer
Address
5th Floor 66 Prescot Street London E1 8HG
Council Offices White Cliffs Business Park Whitfield Dover CT16 3PJ
Configuration
Version Date Author Reason for Issue/Summary of
Changes Status
1.0 25/06/19 F. Lin Draft for comment Draft
1.1 01/08/19 H. Smith Final Final
Name Job Title Signature
Prepared By F. Lin Assistant Consultant
Approved By P.Bentley Senior Consultant
Commercial In Confidence
© Bureau Veritas UK Limited
The copyright in this work is vested in Bureau Veritas UK Limited, and the information contained herein is confidential. This work, either in whole or in part, may not be reproduced or disclosed to others or used for any purpose, other than for internal
client evaluation, without Bureau Veritas’ prior written approval. Bureau Veritas UK Limited, Registered in England & Wales, Company Number: 01758622
Registered Office: Suite 206 Fort Dunlop, Fort Parkway, Birmingham B24 9FD
Disclaimer
This Report was completed by Bureau Veritas on the basis of a defined programme of work and terms and conditions agreed with the Client. Bureau Veritas confirms that in preparing this Report it has exercised all reasonable skill and care taking into
account the project objectives, the agreed scope of works, prevailing site conditions and the degree of manpower and resources allocated to the project.
Bureau Veritas accepts no responsibility to any parties whatsoever, following the issue of the Report, for any matters arising
outside the agreed scope of the works.
This Report is issued in confidence to the Client and Bureau Veritas has no responsibility to any third parties to whom this Report may be circulated, in part or in full, and any such parties rely on the contents of the report solely at their own risk.
Unless specifically assigned or transferred within the terms of the agreement, the consultant asserts and retains all Copyright, and other Intellectual Property Rights, in and over the Report and its contents.
Any questions or matters arising from this Report should be addressed in the first instance to the Project Manager.
2019 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR) In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management August 2019
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019
Local Authority Officer
Brian Gibson
Department Environmental Protection
Address Dover District Council, Council Offices, White Cliffs Business Park, Whitfield, Dover CT16 3PJ
Telephone 01304 872207
E-mail [email protected]
Report Reference number
Dover District Council ASR 20189
Date August 2019
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 i
Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area
Air Quality in Dover
Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health impacts. It is recognised as
a contributing factor in the onset of heart disease and some cancers. Additionally, air
pollution particularly affects the most vulnerable in society: children and older people,
and those pre-disposed to heart and lung conditions. There is also often a strong
correlation with equalities and social issues also, because areas with poor air quality
are also often the less affluent areas1,2.
The annual health cost to society of the impacts of particulate matter alone in the UK
is estimated to be around £16 billion3.
Dover is “the gateway to England” and its location at the narrowest crossing point in
the Channel has always given it great significance for both trade and military activities.
Dover is the district’s principal town; the major employment centre, an international
gateway and a transport hub. In addition to Dover, Deal and Sandwich are the other
main towns within the district.
The main sources of pollutant emissions within Dover are linked with port activities;
regular cross-channel ships and large volumes of road traffic arising as a result of
associated transport of good along the A2 and A20 entering and leaving the town.
Dover District Council (herein referred to as DDC or The Council) has an adopted Core
Strategy (CS) which includes ambitious plans to regenerate Dover and other areas of
the district and has an adopted Land Allocations Local Plan (LALP). DDC is currently
in the process of preparing a new Local Plan which will replace the Adopted CS, LALP
and ‘saved’ 2002 Local Plan Policies. Air quality will be one of a number of key
considerations that will need to be taken into account as part of the development,
consultation, adoption and implementation of the new Local Plan.
There are currently two Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) declared within the
district. Both have been designated due to exceedances of the annual mean Air Quality
1 Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health, 2010 2 Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities analysis, 2006 3 Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 ii
Strategy (AQS) objective for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), caused primarily by road traffic
emissions. These are:
the A20 AQMA, declared in 2004 (and amended in 2007 and 2009) and
the High Street/Ladywell AQMA, declared in 2007.
In 2018, dispersion modelling was carried out for both AQMAs to establish whether
any changes in the extent of AQMA boundarty could be made. The results concluded
that the exceedances of the annual mean NO2 objective were still evident within both
AQMAs. In addition there were also areas outside of the existing AQMAs where
exceedances were predicted; these include the areas along High Street towards
Victoria Crescent and east towards Ladywell, and properties along Marine Parade.
This is consistent with 2017 monitoring results at monitoring sites at these locations.
The source apportionment across all the selected receptors within A20 AQMA and
High Street/Ladywell AQMA shows local road sources have the largest contribution at
both AQMAs. When considering the average NOx concentration at receptors where
NO2 concentrations are greater than 40µg/m3 within both AQMAs, emissions from
Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs) was the largest contributor to NOx emissions within the
A20 AQMA, whilst NOx emissions from cars was the largest contributor to NOx
emissions within High Street/Ladywell AQMA. This is not surprising given the strategic
importance of the A20 to the transport of goods that takes place through the Port of
Dover.
It was recommended that the AQMAs remain as currently declared, although if the
monitoring at the areas where potential exceedances were identified highlights that
potential amendment would need to be considered. That is, there are two exceedances
of the annual mean NO2 objective in 2018; at Site DV06/07/08 located on High Street
within the High Street/Ladywell AQMA, and Site DV30 adjacent to 19B High Street
Dover, slightly to the north of the High Street/Ladywell AQMA boundary. Both of the
diffusion tubes are sited a location of relevant exposure, therefore, no distance
corrections are required. The exceedances of annual mean NO2 AQS objective have
been recorded at DV30 for the last two years. Dover will consider extending the High
Street/Ladywell AQMA to the north of the High Street/Ladywell AQMA boundary
towards Victoria Crescent if the exceedance of annual mean NO2 AQS objective
continues to occur at DV30 in 2019.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 iii
Distance correction has been completed for Site DV30 due to the annual mean being
within 10% of the annual mean objective, and the location of the diffusion tube not
being at a location of relevant exposure. The annual mean concentration following
distance correction was 30.0µg/m3.
When compared to 2017 concentrations, results of the monitoring for 2018 show a
decrease in annual mean concentrations at all diffusion tube monitoring sites except
DV33, where a slight increase of 0.4µg/m3 was reported. The maximum reduction of
7.1µg/m3 was recorded at DV10 (Townwall Street, Dover), with an annual mean
concentration of 38.3µg/m3 in 2018.
There have been no exceedances of either PM10 AQS objective within the past 5 years.
There is currently no monitoring undertaken for PM2.5 within the District. However, the
annual mean PM2.5 concentration in 2018 was estimated in accordance with LAQM.
TG(16) by applying the nationally derived PM2.5/ PM10 ratio (0.7) to the annual mean
PM10 concentration (26μg/m3) at the automatic monitoring site Dover Centre. Following
TG(16) guidance the estimated PM2.5 concentration was 18.2μg/m3 at this location.
Actions to Improve Air Quality
A package of measures to improve air pollution within the district are to be identified in
the updated Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP). A draft AQAP has previously been
developed, although a decision was made in early 2018 to put the AQAP on hold due
to the Council’s need to focus on contingency planning for the UK’s departure from the
European Union as Dover is anticipated to be a key area of impact in the event of a
“No Brexit” deal.
The Council fleet is being updated with electric vehicles alongside installation of
electric vehicle charging infrastructure on Council owned property. Opportunities are
also being taken to install ELV charging points in commercial and leisure developments
through the planning process.
The St James development site alongside the A20 approach road to the Port of Dover
is now fully completed and open to the public. Although at present there has not been
a significant increase in road traffic due to this development the monitoring of the A20
will continue as part of Dover’s review and assessment process.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 iv
Dover faces a number of challenges to manage traffic associated with the Port,
discussions are currently taking place with Central Government and Highways England
to manage expected major increase in housing stock in south east England coupled
with proposals for the third Thames crossing.
Conclusions and Priorities
The priority for the coming year (2019) is to update the Air Quality Action Plan based
upon detailed modelling of the AQMAs and taking into consideration Defra’s proposals
for ‘tackling roadside nitrogen dioxide concentrations’4. This will be placed in the
context of identified significant developments in Dover, including re-development of the
Western Docks through the Dover Western Docks Revival Project and work on the
Dover Waterfront area. The potential impact upon air quality from these developments
will be appraised through the Strategic Environmental Assessment approach and
through requests for air quality assessments under the planning and development
regime.
The impacts of Brexit upon the port will continue to be a key influence during 2019,
and any decisions made will be assessed in terms of the air quality impacts within
Dover. There is the possibility of a diversionary route change for HDVs entering and
leaving the Port, discussions on this are currently ongoing with Highways England in
regards to this and any future updates will be reported upon in future ASRs.
Local Engagement and How to get Involved
There are a number of ways that everyone can get involved to help improve air quality
in Dover. Due to road traffic being the main source of pollutant emissions within the
district you can look to move to more sustainable methods of transport. For example
looking to minimise unnecessary car journeys by choosing to walk, cycle, car-share or
use public transport instead.
For further information in regards to air quality the following links are provided:
To download DDC’s air quality monitoring data, you can visit:
http://www.kentair.org.uk/about-network ;
4 https://consult.defra.gov.uk/airquality/air-quality-plan-for-tackling-nitrogen-dioxide/supporting_documents/Consultation%20Document.pdf.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 v
To report a nuisance or pollution problem, please fill in the form located here:
https://forms.dover.gov.uk/nuisance ; and
All other general enquiries should be made by either ringing 01304 872428 or
emailing [email protected]. You can also visit
https://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-Quality/Air-
%20Quality-Monitoring.aspx%20for%20further%20information .
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 vi
Table of Contents
Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area .......................................................... i
Air Quality in Dover ............................................................................................................. i
Actions to Improve Air Quality ........................................................................................... iii
Conclusions and Priorities ................................................................................................ iv
Local Engagement and How to get Involved ..................................................................... iv
1 Local Air Quality Management ........................................................................ 1
2 Actions to Improve Air Quality ........................................................................ 2
2.1 Air Quality Management Areas .............................................................................. 2
2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Dover District
Council ............................................................................................................................. 5
2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or
Concentrations.................................................................................................................14
3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality
Objectives and National Compliance .................................................................... 16
3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken .....................................................................16
3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites .......................................................................................... 16
3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites................................................................................... 16
3.2 Individual Pollutants .............................................................................................16
3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)................................................................................................. 16
3.2.2 Particulate Matter (PM10) .............................................................................................. 17
3.2.3 Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ............................................................................................. 17
Appendix A: Monitoring Results ........................................................................... 19
Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2018 ................................ 29
Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data
QA/QC ...................................................................................................................... 31
Appendix D: Maps of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs ................................... 34
Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England .............................. 38
Glossary of Terms .................................................................................................. 39
References .............................................................................................................. 41
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 vii
List of Tables
Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas .................................................. 4 Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality ........................................ 10 Table A.1 – Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites ..................................................... 19
Table A.2 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites ............................................. 20 Table A.3 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results .................................................... 22 Table A.4 – Annual Mean PM10 Monitoring Results ................................................... 25 Table A.5 – Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Monitoring Results > 50µg/m3 .............. 27 Table B.2– NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2018 ........................................... 29
Table C.1– Annualisation for DV33 ........................................................................... 32 Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England ........................................................... 38 List of Figures
Figure A.1 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations ....................................... 24 Figure A.2 – Trends in Annual Mean PM10 Concentrations ...................................... 26 Figure A.3 – Trends in Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Results >50µg/m3 ............... 28
Figure C.1- National Bias Adjustment Factor for Laboratory ..................................... 31 Figure C.2 – Distance Correction Calculations for SK54/55 and SK56/57 ................ 33 Figure D.1 – Monitoring Locations: A20 West ........................................................... 34 Figure D.2– Monitoring Locations: A20 East ............................................................. 35
Figure D.3 – Monitoring Locations: High Street ......................................................... 36 Figure D.4 – Monitoring Locations: Buckland Valley ................................................. 37
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 1
1 Local Air Quality Management
This report provides an overview of air quality in the area of Dover District Council
during 2018. It fulfils the requirements of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) as set
out in Part IV of the Environment Act (1995) and the relevant Policy and Technical
Guidance documents.
The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review and
assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality
objectives are likely to be achieved. Where an exceedance is considered likely the
local authority must declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and prepare an
Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place in
pursuit of the objectives. This Annual Status Report (ASR) is an annual requirement
showing the strategies employed by Dover District Council to improve air quality and
any progress that has been made.
The statutory air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in England can be found in
Table E.1 in Appendix E.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 2
2 Actions to Improve Air Quality
2.1 Air Quality Management Areas
Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) are declared when there is an exceedance
or likely exceedance of an air quality objective. After declaration, the authority must
prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) within 12-18 months setting out measures
it intends to put in place in pursuit of compliance with the objectives.
A summary of AQMAs declared by Dover District Council can be found in Table 2.1.
Further information relating to declared (or revoked) AQMAs, including maps of AQMA
boundaries are available online at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/aqma/local-
authorities?la_id=81. Alternatively, see Appendix D: Maps of Monitoring Locations and
AQMAs, which presents the current air quality monitoring locations in relation to the
designated AQMAs.
In 2018, dispersion modelling was carried out for the A20 AQMA and the High
Street/Ladywell AQMA. The 2017 base year model results suggest that the
exceedances of the annual mean NO2 objective continue and remains largely
constrained within the existing boundary of each AQMA. However, there are also areas
identified that are likely to exceed the annual mean NO2 objective outside the AQMAs.
These include the areas along High Street towards Victoria Crescent, and east towards
Ladywell and properties along Marine Parade. This is consistent with 2017 monitoring
results at monitoring sites outside the AQMA - DV30(adjacent to 19B High Street),
DV31-(3 Ladywell, Dover) and DV33 (24 Marine Parade) where the annual mean NO2
concentrations were recorded at 40.9 µg/m3, 36.7µg/m3 and 37.2µg/m3 respectively.
The source apportionment within the A20 AQMA and the High Street/Ladywell AQMA
show local road traffic make the most significant contribution to emissions in both
AQMAs. When considering the average NOx concentration at receptors with NO2
concentrations greater than 40µg/m3 within the A20 AQMA it is identified that HGVs
are the largest contributor to local road NOx, followed by cars and LGVs. When
considering the average NOx concentration at receptors with NO2 concentrations
greater than 40µg/m3 within the High Street/Ladywell AQMA, emission from cars is the
largest contribution of local road NOx emission, followed by buses and LGVs. It is
recommended that the AQMAs remain as currently declared with amendment made in
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 3
due course in the event that further exceedances are confirmed through longer-term
monitoring.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 4
Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas
AQMA Name
Date of Declaratio
n
Pollutants and Air Quality
Objectives
City / Town
One Line Description
Is air quality in the AQMA influenced by roads
controlled by
Highways England?
Level of Exceedance (maximum
monitored/modelled concentration at a
location of relevant exposure)
Action Plan
At Declaration
(μg/m3)
Now (μg/m3)
Name Date of
Publication
Link
A20 AQMA
2004 (amended
in 2007 and 2009)
NO2
annual mean
Dover
An area following the A20 from just
west of the Limekiln
Roundabout at the western end
to a point c.140m from the Eastern Docks in Dover.
No longer includes
properties in Marine Parade and East Cliff to
the east.
YES 49.8
39.0
Dover District Council
Final Action Plan
July 2007
http://www.
kentair.org.uk/
home/text/454
High Street/Lad
y-well AQMA
2007 NO2
annual mean
Dover
An area encompassing
roads and properties
between the junction of Effingham
Crescent/High Street, and Priory Hill/High Street.
NO 50.5
40.4
Dover District Council
Final Action Plan
July 2007
http://www.
kentair.org.uk/
home/text/454
☒ Dover District Council confirm the information on UK-Air regarding their AQMA(s) is up to date
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 5
2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in Dover District Council
Defra’s appraisal of last year’s ASR concluded:
1. The AQAP has not been updated in some years. It is only clear that since last
year only 1 measure has been completed (measure 7). The report does not
provide up to date discussion of progress and barriers to implementation (it is
simply copied and pasted from last year’s report). Please refer to TG16.
2. Further to the above the Council note the AQAP needs updating. In light of
results and little sign of air quality improvement the Council should prioritise this
task. It is noted that the Council completed the majority of their Transport
Planning/Infrastructure and Traffic Management measures some years ago.
These types of measures will have the biggest impact on local air quality. If
possible the Council should aim to target their efforts to implementing similar
types of measures. Softer measures are good however they will have little
impact on overall air quality.
3. The Council are also encouraged to develop measures specific to mitigating
future PM2.5 emissions. Please refer to TG16.
4. Recent major developments have potentially caused increases in PM10
emissions. The Council should provide further discussion over the impact of the
two identified major developments, alongside detailing a thorough discussion of
other developments and planning applications that could impact future air
quality.
In 2018, the diffusion tubes saw a decrease in annual mean concentrations at all the
diffusion tubes except DV33, where a slight increase of 0.4µg/m3 was observed. There
were two exceedances of the annual mean NO2 AQS objective in 2018; the triplicate
monitoring site DV06/07/08 located on High Street within the High Street/Ladywell
AQMA, and the monitoring site DV30 adjacent to 19B High Street Dover, slightly to the
north of the High Street/Ladywell AQMA boundary. Although no exceedances of the
annual mean NO2 AQS objective were recorded within the A20 AQMA in 2018, but
there continues to be a risk of an exceedance due to a number of locations with annual
mean concentrations within 10% of the annual mean objective. Therefore, the AQMA
should be currently be retained.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 6
The monitoring results in 2018 for PM10 show that the daily and annual mean
concentration is well below both the annual mean and 24-hour AQS objectives. There
is a significant decrease (from 20 to 7) in the number of 24-hour mean periods within
2018 that were excess of 50µg/m3. Although there is currently no monitoring completed
for PM2.5, as per LAQM. TG(16) guidance a PM2.5 concentration in 2018 was estimated
to be 18.2μg/m3 at the Dover Centre monitoring station. This was calculated by
multiplying the nationally derived correction ratio of 0.7 to the PM10 concentration of
26μg/m3.
Levels of NO2 and PM10 are noted to be in decline relative to the previous year.
Continued monitoring will determine whether this trend is continued in coming years.
This indicate overall air quality improvement within both AQMAs.
With regards to PM2.5, the Council will make use of all available sources of information
to aid the identification of any ‘hot-spot’ areas of elevated PM2.5 concentrations within
the local authority area. In addition, the reduction actions in relation to PM2.5 are
reviewed with Kent County Council Public Health Team whilst developing the updated
action plan to consider whether any specific additional actions are required.
The St James development site alongside the A20 approach road to the Port of Dover
is now fully completed and open to the public. Although at present there is no
appreciative increase in road traffic due to the development the monitoring of the A20
will continue as part of Dover’s review and assessment process.
Dover District Council has taken forward a number of direct measures during the
current reporting year of 2019 in pursuit of improving local air quality. Details of all
measures completed, in progress or planned are set out in Table 2.2.
More details on each of the original measures can be found within the current AQAP.
A number of other documents have also set out measures that improve air quality,
namely:
The Core Strategy (2010)5
The Local Plan (Adopted 2002)6
5 http://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-Policy/Local-Plan/Core-Strategy/Home.aspx 6 http://dover.devplan.org.uk/document.aspx?document=26&display=contents
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 7
Land Allocations Plan Local Plan (Adopted 2015)7
Dover Transport Strategy (2007 – currently being updated)8
The Local Transport Plan for Kent (2011)9
Kent Environment Strategy (2015)10
Draft Kent and Medway Energy and Low Emissions Strategy
Principal among these is the Dover Core Strategy, which is the District’s key plan in
the local development framework up to 2026. The core policies within the plan
specifically addressing air quality are as follows:
Policy CP7 – Green Infrastructure Network – protecting and enhancing the
existing network of green infrastructure. Proposals that would introduce
additional pressure on the existing and proposed green infrastructure network
are only permitted if they incorporate quantitative and qualitative measures, as
appropriate, sufficient to address that pressure. Air quality monitoring will be
used to help assess the need for mitigation measures and, if required, establish
the nature of those measures.
Policy CP8 – Dover Waterfront – Planning permission only granted along the
waterfront provided the proposals incorporate avoidance and mitigation
measures to address impact on air quality issues associated with the A20 trunk
road and the Port operations.
A second key facet of Dover’s strategy towards air quality is its participation in the Kent
and Medway Air Quality Partnership11 (KMAQP), which aims to co-ordinate efforts
across neighbouring districts and boroughs within the region to improve air quality. As
part of this, the partnership prepared Air Quality Planning Guidance (options A12 and
B13) aimed at providing clarity and consistency of approach for developers, the local
planning authority and local communities. The two approaches differ only slightly in
7 http://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-Policy/Local-Plan/Land-Allocations/Land-Allocations.aspx 8 http://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-Policy/Local-Plan/Evidence-Base/Studies/TRANSDoverTransportStrategy.pdf 9 http://www.kent.gov.uk/about-the-council/strategies-and-policies/transport-and-highways-policies/local-transport-plan 10 http://www.kent.gov.uk/about-the-council/strategies-and-policies/environment-waste-and-planning-policies/environmental-policies/kent-environment-strategy 11 http://www.kentair.org.uk/ 12 http://www.kentair.org.uk/documents/K&MAQP_Air_Quality_Planning_Guidance_Mitigation_Option_A.pdf 13 http://www.kentair.org.uk/documents/K&MAQP_Air_Quality_Planning_Guidance_Mitigation_Option_B.pdf
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 8
their approach to mitigation. As part of this, an annual review is also published tracking
trends and changes across the region14 which provides a wider context in relation to
the impact that the improvement measures are having. Kent County Council has
prepared the draft Kent and Medway Energy and Low Emissions Strategy (ELES) and
it is under consultation running for 12 weeks from June 11 to September 2, 2019. The
strategy is being designed to develop a multi-agency approach to improving air quality,
reducing carbon emissions and creating a more sustainable energy infrastructure
across Kent and Medway. The document will focus on emissions in the wider sense
and address the potential growth in emissions associated with the energy sector.
Working with the partnership, Dover has been able to implement further measures to
improve air quality, also included in Table 2.2 (measures 9-19).
The Council’s fleet is currently being updated to include a proportion of electric vehicles
alongside installation of electric vehicle charge points on Council owned properties.
Opportunities are also being taken to install ELV charging points in commercial and
leisure developments through the planning process.
Dover faces a number of challenges to manage traffic associated with the Port, with
discussions taking place with Central Government and Highways England to manage
expected major increase in housing stock in south east England coupled with
proposals for the Lower Thames Crossing that would potentially effect traffic flows
across the district.
With regards to the progress of updating the AQAP, a draft AQAP is in progress
although a corporate decision was made in early 2018 to put the Plan on hold due to
uncertainties around traffic arrangements for Brexit. Dover District Council anticipates
that further additional measures will be included in the new AQAP to achieve
compliance and enable the revocation of the two AQMAs. The following additional
measures were proposed during the updating of the AQAP (prior to the decision to
stop work on it):
Reducing emissions contribution from buses by upgrading bus fleet as bus
Incentivise and promote use of the Dover Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system -
Dover District Council has been awarded £15.8m from the Government’s
Housing Infrastructure Fund to support the development of a Bus Rapid Transit
14 http://www.kentair.org.uk/library
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 9
System (BRT) between Whitfield, Dover Town Centre and Dover Priory railway
station. The new infrastructure helps unlock the potential of two major housing
sites at Whitfield and the former Connaught Barracks.
Work directly with specialist companies such as Fleet Operator Recognition
Scheme and local freight companies using Port to promote driver education and
training;
Continue to enforce industrial pollution control and nuisance legislation for
current and newly developed industrial plants.
Consideration of measures to improve air quality in all new strategies when a
Strategy is reviewed or updated;
Promote the reporting of “dirty” freight vehicles to DfT - Promote initiative locally
and raise awareness to members of the public to help report dirty vehicles
Measure 1 and measure 3-7 have not yet been included in the report as measure 1
and measure 4, 5, 7 have been completed, whilst measure 3-Strategic Signage
Improvements will not be completed due to lack of funding and this was superseded
by junction improvement works proposed in measure 2 - Widening of the A2 between
Lydden and Dover “Growth without Gridlock”. There has been no progress on Measure
6 Development of a Buffer Zone and preliminary investigations suggest that panning
requirements cannot be met.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 10
Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality
Measure No.
Measure EU Category EU
Classification
Organisations involved
and Funding Source
Planning Phase
Implementation Phase
Key Performance Indicator
Reduction in Pollutant /
Emission from Measure
Progress to Date
Estimated / Actual
Completion Date
Comments / Barriers to implementation
2
Widening of the A2 between Lydden and
Dover “Growth without Gridlock”
Transport Planning and Infrastructur
e
Other
Highways Agency,
South East Regional Transport
Board, KCC, DDC
2015-16 2021-2031
Improved traffic flows and
increase demand through home
building programme in
LDF
20 – 25% emission
reduction in NOx (if fully
implemented and switch of traffic
loading from A20 –A2)
Construction implemented
2016
Implemented through LTP415
Potential for substantial Air
pollution improvements in A20 route into Dover, which is demonstrated in
2016 data.
8 Transfer of
Freight from Road to Rail
Freight and Delivery
Management
Delivery and
Service plans
KCC/DDC/ Dover
Harbour Board/rail operators/
Seeda
DHB Report
Nov 2008
On-going – depending
on T2 progress
Less road vehicles– up to
120 per day <1% On-going 2020 Low impact
9
Encourage Council Travel
Plan opportunities and seek to
facilitate uptake of sustainable
modes of transport
Promoting Travel
Alternative s
Promotion of
cycling/walking
DDC/KCC On-going On-going
% modal shift to car share/public transport/walki
ng/cycling lanes/routes
Promoting Travel Alternative s
Below annual mean
AQS objectives
To review and
consider in updated
Action Plan 2018
Quality Bus Partnership with
Stagecoach in East Kent and Kent
County Council. The partnership
agreement, signed in April 2009,
commits each party to work together
towards the improvement of bus
travel in Dover District
10 Work together with KCC to
encourage the
Promoting Travel
Alternatives
School Travel Plans
DDC/KCC On-going On-going No. of travel
plans in place
Below annual mean AQS objectives
On-going To review
and consider in
Approximately 73% of primary and 89%
of secondary
15 Traffic Management Improvement (TMI) Project 2012-2015, Available at: http://www.doverport.co.uk/about/port-development/
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 11
Measure No.
Measure EU Category EU
Classification
Organisations involved
and Funding Source
Planning Phase
Implementation Phase
Key Performance Indicator
Reduction in Pollutant /
Emission from Measure
Progress to Date
Estimated / Actual
Completion Date
Comments / Barriers to implementation
uptake of Employer and School Travel
Plans within the district
updated Action Plan
2018
schools in Dover District have
approved school travel plans
11
Work with KCC to improve the
facilities for cycling and
walking within the district
Promoting Travel
Alternative s
Promotion of
cycling/walking
DDC/KCC On-going On-going
% modal shift to car share/public transport/walking
/cycling lanes/routes
Below annual mean AQS objectives
On-going
To review and
consider in updated
Action Plan 2018
Includes Dover District Cycling Plan
12
Ensure that air quality is taken into account in the planning
process when located in or close to the AQMA or in
areas marginally below air quality
objectives.
Policy Guidance
and Developmen
t Control
Air Quality
Planning and
Policy Guidance
DDC On-going On-going
No. planning applications with
air quality conditions/asses
sments
Below annual mean AQS objectives
On-going On-going
Part of general and continual efforts of
DDC Environmental Health. Will apply general guidance
developed as part of measure 14
13
Work together with developers
to improve sustainable
transport links serving new
developments.
Promoting Low
Emission Transport
Procuring alternativ
e Refuellin
g infrastruc
ture to promote
Low Emission Vehicles,
EV rechargin
g, Gas fuel
DDC On-going On-going
No. planning applications
where improvements
secured
Below annual mean AQS objectives
On-going On-going
Part of general and continual efforts of
DDC Environmental Health
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 12
Measure No.
Measure EU Category EU
Classification
Organisations involved
and Funding Source
Planning Phase
Implementation Phase
Key Performance Indicator
Reduction in Pollutant /
Emission from Measure
Progress to Date
Estimated / Actual
Completion Date
Comments / Barriers to implementation
recharging
14
Supplementary planning
guidance to assist with air
quality assessments of
development proposals
Policy Guidance
and Developmen
t Control
Air Quality
Planning and
Policy Guidance
DDC/KMAQP
2007 2008-2010,
updated 2015
Completion of supplementary
planning guidance
Below annual mean AQS objectives
Completed 2015 Active now, with two
mitigation options
15
Work with KCC to improve
public transport services and
encourage the use of more sustainable
transport modes
Transport Planning and Infrastructur
e
Public transport improvements-
interchanges
stations and
services
DDC/KCC On-going On-going % modal shift to public transport
Below annual mean AQS objectives
On-going On-going
Part of general and continual efforts of
DDC Environmental Health
16
Local air quality monitoring within the District to
ensure a high standard of data
is achieved
Public Information
Other DDC N/a Annual
Recorded Concentration
Below annual mean AQS objectives
Completed Annually,
three diffusion
tube decommissio
ned as the annual men concentration at these three sites
are well below
objective
N/a
General trend of reduction in
concentrations monitored
17 Make details of the Action Plan measures and
Public Information
Via the Internet
DDC 2008 On-going Availability of
recently
Below annual mean AQS objectives
On-going On-going Documents freely available16. Part of
general and
16 Dover AQ monitoring page, available at: http://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-Quality/Air-Quality-Monitoring.aspx
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 13
Measure No.
Measure EU Category EU
Classification
Organisations involved
and Funding Source
Planning Phase
Implementation Phase
Key Performance Indicator
Reduction in Pollutant /
Emission from Measure
Progress to Date
Estimated / Actual
Completion Date
Comments / Barriers to implementation
annual progress reports available on the Website
published reports on the Website
continual efforts of DDC Environmental Health. AQAP to be
updated in 2019 after revision of
AQMA boundaries
18
Work with KMAQP on promotional
activities to raise the profile of air quality in Dover
Policy Guidance
and Developmen
t Control
Regional Groups
Co-ordinatin
g programmes to develop
Area wide
Strategies to
reduce emission
s and improve
air quality
DDC/KMAQP
On-going On-going
Number of promotional
activities undertaken with the Partnership
Below annual mean AQS objectives
On-going On-going
Part of general and continual efforts of
DDC Environmental Health
19
Work with Kent Energy Centre to promote and
implement energy
efficiency measures in
Dover
Promoting Low
Emission Plant
Shift to installations using
low emission fuels for stationar
y and mobile sources
DDC/Kent Energy Centre
On-going On-going
% improvement in energy
efficiency, SAP rating
Below annual mean AQS objectives
On-going On-going
Part of general and continual efforts of
DDC Environmental Health
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 14
2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations
As detailed in Policy Guidance LAQM.PG16 (Chapter 7), local authorities are expected
to work towards reducing emissions and/or concentrations of PM2.5 (particulate matter
with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less). There is clear evidence that PM2.5
has a significant impact on human health, including premature mortality, allergic
reactions, and cardiovascular diseases.
Currently there is no monitoring of PM2.5 completed within Dover. However, the Council
carried out the PM10 monitoring in 2018. In accordance with LAQM. TG(16), the PM2.5
concentrations can be estimated from PM10 monitoring using either local PM10 and
PM2.5 monitoring ratio or nationally derived correction ratio of 0.7. As there are no local
monitoring for both PM10 and PM2.5, nationally derived correction ratio of 0.7 was
applied to the PM10 concentration (26μg/m3). The estimated PM2.5 concentration in
2018 at the automatic monitoring site Dover Centre was 18.2μg/m3. The main sources
of PM10 pollutant emissions within Dover Centre are linked with port activities; regular
cross-channel ships and large volumes of road traffic arising as a result of associated
transport of good along the A2 and A20 entering and leaving the town.
The Defra 2018 background maps for Dover (2017 based)17 show that all background
concentrations of PM2.5 are far below the 2020 annual mean EU limit value of 25μg/m3
for PM2.5. The background concentration for Dover Centre is 9.8μg/m3. The highest
background concentration is estimated to be 11.5μg/m3 within the 1 x 1km grid square
with the centroid grid reference of 623500,151500. This grid square is located near
Spinney Lane in Aylesham, which is a village surrounded by green open area and built
in the 1920s to accommodate workers at nearby coal mines. There are also industrial
estate built in the village including a waste recycling centre on Spinney Lane. The
industrial and agricultural activities in the village may lead to the higher PM2.5
concentration.
The Public Health Outcomes Framework data tool18 compiled by Public Heath England
quantifies the mortality burden of PM2.5 within England on a county and local authority
scale. The 2017 fraction of mortality attributable to PM2.5 pollution in Dover is 5.3%,
17 Defra Background Mapping data for local authorities (2017-based), available online at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/laqm-background-maps?year=2017 18 Public Health Outcomes Framework, Public Health England. data tool available online at http://www.phoutcomes.info/public-health-outcomes-framework#page/0/gid/1000043/pat/6/par/E12000009/ati/102/are/E06000028
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 15
which is below South East region’s average of 5.6% and above national average of
5.1%.
There are currently no designated smoke control areas within Dover, however
information is provided within the air quality section of the Council’s website available
at https://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-
Quality/Home.aspx.
It is proposed, as suggested in LAQM.TG(16)19 that action in relation to PM2.5
monitoring and reduction actions are reviewed with Kent County Council Public Health
Team whilst developing the updated action plan to consider whether any specific
additional actions are required. The Council recognise the importance of considering
PM2.5 and also that long-term exposure (over several years) to elevated concentrations
of particulate matter (PM2.5) at levels typically experienced in urban areas reduces life
expectancy between several months and a few years. The Council has considered the
importance of recognising advice and guidance in the ‘Air Quality A Briefing for
Directors of Public Health’20 and that measure to address PM2.5 levels will need to be
considered in the future. Dover Council has contributed to and supports the Kent and
Medway Energy and Low Emissions Strategy which hopes to publish a draft strategy
in 2019. with regards to potential nuisance from bonfire smoke.
19 LAQM Technical Guidance (TG16) (2016). Published by Defra in partnership with the Scottish Government, Welsh Assembly Government and Department of the Environment Northern Ireland 20 https://www.local.gov.uk/air-quality-briefing-directors-public-health
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 16
3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance
3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken
3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites
Dover District Council undertook automatic (continuous) monitoring at one site during
2018. Table A.1 in Appendix A shows the details of the sites. The data for this site can
be freely downloaded from http://www.kentair.org.uk/data/. National monitoring results are
available at: https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/data_selector .
Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D. Further
details on how the monitors are calibrated and how the data has been adjusted are
included in Appendix C.
3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites
Dover District Council undertook non- automatic (passive) monitoring of NO2 at 14 sites
during 2018. Table A.2 in Appendix A documents the details of the sites.
Following a review of the Council’s monitoring commitments , and to address concerns
of possible further pollution hotspots, two new sites are to be set up in Sandwich. This
will be reported in next year’s ASR.
Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D. Further
details on Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) for the diffusion tubes, including
bias adjustments and any other adjustments applied (e.g. “annualisation” and/or
distance correction), are included in Appendix C.
3.2 Individual Pollutants
The air quality monitoring results presented in this section are, where relevant,
adjusted for bias, “annualisation” and distance correction. Further details on
adjustments are provided in Appendix C.
3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Table A.3 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored NO2 annual
mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 17
For diffusion tubes, the full 2018 dataset of monthly mean values is provided in
Appendix B.
There were two exceedances of the annual mean objective in 2018; the triplicate
monitoring site DV06/07/08 located on High Street within the High Street/Ladywell
AQMA and the monitoring DV30 adjacent to 19B High Street Dover, slightly to the
north of the High Street/Ladywell AQMA boundary. Both of the diffusion tubes are sited
at locations of relevant exposure, therefore distance correction is not required for these
at either location.
Figure A.1 shows the trends in annual mean NO2 concentrations in the last 5 years. In
2018, the diffusion tubes has seen a decrease in annual mean concentrations at all
the diffusion tubes except DV33, with a slight increase of 0.4µg/m3. The maximum
reduction of 7.1µg/m3 was recorded at DV10 (Townwall Street, Dover), with an annual
mean concentration of 38.3µg/m3 in 2018.
3.2.2 Particulate Matter (PM10)
Table A.5 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored PM10 annual
mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3.
Table A.5 in Appendix A compares the ratified continuous monitored PM10 daily mean
concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 50µg/m3, not to be
exceeded more than 35 times per year.
Data capture was high at 99% for 2018, and there were no exceedances of either
objective in.
Figure A.2 and Figure A.3 show the trends in the annual mean PM10 Concentrations
and Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Results >50μg/m3 in the last 5 years. In 2018, the
annual mean PM10 concentration decreased slightly from 27µg/m3 to 26µg/m3 and the
number of days in exceedance of 50μg/m3 decreased significantly from 20 days to 7
days as compared to 2017.
3.2.3 Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
Currently there is no monitoring of PM2.5 completed within Dover. However, in
accordance with LAQM. TG(16), the PM2.5 concentrations can be estimated from PM10
monitoring using either a local PM10 and PM2.5 monitoring ratio, or a nationally derived
correction ratio of 0.7. As there are no local monitoring for PM2.5, the nationally derived
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 18
correction ratio of 0.7 was applied to the PM10 concentration (26µg/m3) at the automatic
monitoring site Dover Centre. The estimated PM2.5 concentration in 2018 at the
automatic monitoring site Dover Centre was 18.2μg/m3.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 19
Appendix A: Monitoring Results
Table A.1 – Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites
Site ID Site
Name Site Type
X OS Grid Ref
Y OS Grid Ref
Pollutants Monitored
In AQMA?
Monitoring Technique
Distance to Relevant Exposure
(m) (1)
Distance to kerb of nearest
road (m) (2)
Inlet Height (m)
Dover Centre
A20 Townwall
Street, Dover
Roadside 632302 141465 PM10 Y VCM-corrected
TEOM N/A 2.5 2
Notes:
(1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on the façade of a residential property).
(2) N/A if not applicable.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 20
Table A.2 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites
Site ID Site Name Site Type
X OS Grid Ref
Y OS Grid Ref
Pollutants Monitored
In AQMA?
Distance to
Relevant Exposure
(m) (1)
Distance to kerb
of nearest road (m)
(2)
Tube collocated
with a Continuous Analyser?
Height (m)
DV01 95 High Street, Dover, CT16
1EB Roadside 631376 141949 NO2 N Y – 2 1.5 N 2.6
DV04
Car Park - Opp 2
Christchurch Way, Dover
Urban Backgrou
nd 630905 143362 NO2 N Y - 6 N/A N 1.6
DV05 Bench Street,
Dover Urban Centre
631997 141296 NO2 Y Y - 4 30 N 3
DV06/DV07/ DV08
Town Hall, Dover
Roadside 631597 141748 NO2 Y Y - 0 2.5 Triplicate 3
DV10 Townwall
Street, Dover Roadside 632302 141465 NO2 Y N 2.5 N 2
DV11/DV16/ DV17
The Gateway Roadside 632318 141422 NO2 Y Y - 0 12 Triplicate 3
DV12/DV18/ DV19
St Martins Roadside 631577 140468 NO2 Y Y - 0 10 Triplicate 3
DV23
126 Snargate Street, Dover, Kent, CT17
9BZ
Roadside 631727 140966 NO2 Y Y - 0 15 N 3
DV24
148 Snargate Street, Dover, Kent, CT17
9BZ
Roadside 631802 141079 NO2 Y Y - 0 10 N 3
DV25
167 Snargate Street, Dover, Kent, CT17
9BZ
Roadside 631854 141164 NO2 Y Y - 0 15 N 3
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 21
Site ID Site Name Site Type
X OS Grid Ref
Y OS Grid Ref
Pollutants Monitored
In AQMA?
Distance to
Relevant Exposure
(m) (1)
Distance to kerb
of nearest road (m)
(2)
Tube collocated
with a Continuous Analyser?
Height (m)
DV30 Adj 19B High
St Dover Kerbside 631550 141772 NO2 N 0 5 N 2
DV31 3 Ladywell,
Dover Kerbside 631602 141771 NO2 N 2 2 N 2
DV32 1 Marine
Parade, Dover Roadside 632646 141496 NO2 Y 2 4 N 2
DV33 24 Marine
Parade, Dover Roadside 632836 141572 NO2 N 10 5 N 2
Notes:
(1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on/adjacent to the façade of a residential property).
(2) N/A if not applicable.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 22
Table A.3 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results
Site ID Site Type Monitoring
Type
Valid Data Capture for Monitoring
Period (%) (1)
Valid Data Capture
2018 (%) (2)
NO2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3) (3)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
DV01 Roadside Diffusion
Tube 91.7 91.7 31.4 30.2 30.5 33.2 31.2
DV04 Urban
Background Diffusion
Tube 91.7 91.7 16.6 15.6 16.5 17.8 16.2
DV05 Urban Centre Diffusion
Tube 83.3 83.3 33.8 31.1 34.1 33.6 28.8
DV06/DV07/ DV08
Roadside Diffusion
Tube 91.7 91.7 45.6 44.2 44.5 45.4 40.4
DV10 Roadside Diffusion
Tube 75.0 75.0 44.7 41.2 41.4 45.4 38.3
DV11/DV16/ DV17
Roadside Diffusion
Tube 91.7 91.7 35.3 35.4 31.6 33.2 29.9
DV12/DV18/ DV19
Roadside Diffusion
Tube 91.7 91.7 42.2 38.9 36.3 36.6 34.5
DV23 Roadside Diffusion
Tube 91.7 91.7 44.9 43.2 36.1 38 34.3
DV24 Roadside Diffusion
Tube 91.7 91.7 50.3 49.1 38.4 42.8 39.0
DV25 Roadside Diffusion
Tube 83.3 83.3 39.6 39.4 35.1 35.4 32.6
DV30 Kerbside Diffusion
Tube 75.0 75.0 - - - 40.9 40.5
DV31 Kerbside Diffusion
Tube 91.7 91.7 - - - 36.7 31.2
DV32 Roadside Diffusion
Tube 91.7 91.7 - - - 40.1 35.4
DV33 Roadside Diffusion
Tube 58.3 58.3 - - - 37.2 37.6
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 23
☒ Diffusion tube data has been bias corrected
☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%
Notes:
Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.
NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined.
(1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year.
(2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%).
(3) Means for diffusion tubes have been corrected for bias. All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16 if valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 24
Figure A.1 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 25
Table A.4 – Annual Mean PM10 Monitoring Results
Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for
Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture
2018 (%) (2)
PM10 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m3) (3)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Dover Centre
Roadside 99% 99% 25 22 26 27 26
☐ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%
Notes:
Exceedances of the PM10 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.
(1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year.
(2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%).
(3) All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16, valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 26
Figure A.2 – Trends in Annual Mean PM10 Concentrations
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 27
Table A.5 – Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Monitoring Results > 50µg/m3
Site ID Site Type Valid Data Capture for
Monitoring Period (%) (1) Valid Data Capture 2018
(%) (2)
PM10 24-Hour Means > 50µg/m3 (3)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Dover Centre
Roadside 99 99 13 2 10 20 7
Notes:
Exceedances of the PM10 24-hour mean objective (50µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 35 times/year) are shown in bold.
(1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year.
(2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%).
(3) If the period of valid data is less than 85%, the 90.4th percentile of 24-hour means is provided in brackets.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 28
Figure A.3 – Trends in Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Results >50µg/m3
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 29
Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2018
Table B.1 – NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2018
Site ID
NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m3)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Annual Mean
Raw Data
Bias Adjusted (0.76) and
Annualised (1)
Distance Corrected
to Nearest
Exposure (2)
DV01 38.5 missing 46.3 46.5 38.6 33.3 51.4 40.7 33.5 35.7 45.7 40.9 41.0 31.2 -
DV04 23.4 missing 28.7 22.4 20.2 17.3 20.9 18.5 16.0 22.6 26.6 17.9 21.3 16.2 -
DV05 missing missing 45.9 48.2 41.6 29.8 43.8 35.6 29.1 30.8 41.1 33.5 37.9 28.8 -
DV06 53.8 missing 63.7 55.9 62.2 39.5 53.2 46.4 47.0 42.8 57.3 54.8 52.4 39.8 -
DV07 54.0 missing 64.1 62.6 58.0 41.8 54.2 51.4 53.3 49.3 54.2 51.9 54.1 41.1 -
DV08 58.8 missing 66.7 48.9 50.8 38.1 64.2 48.8 48.6 52.5 53.3 54.2 53.2 40.4 -
DV10 31.4 missing 67.4 60.8 53.3 45.0 missing 51.3 45.7 49.4 missing 48.9 50.4 38.3 -
DV11 28.1 missing 56.8 47.1 35.8 33.0 50.1 37.0 34.0 37.6 42.7 34.6 39.7 30.2 -
DV12 47.0 missing 48.9 57.0 42.3 40.9 59.5 46.3 42.1 42.2 44.2 33.3 45.8 34.8 -
DV16 42.9 missing 56.6 44.5 37.2 32.4 40.8 36.0 32.6 39.3 34.5 33.2 39.1 29.7 -
DV17 46.1 missing 52.7 37.2 38.8 32.7 47.7 38.5 32.3 34.4 34.5 36.1 39.2 29.8 -
DV18 46.5 missing 56.6 51.1 46.3 42.2 61.3 46.0 41.0 32.6 46.6 31.3 45.6 34.6 -
DV19 49.4 missing 50.6 54.6 40.0 37.9 56.8 44.1 38.9 49.2 41.2 31.9 45.0 34.2 -
DV23 40.3 missing 45.7 51.6 57.7 47.8 52.7 44.2 36.6 42.0 42.3 34.9 45.1 34.3 -
DV24 51.1 missing 62.2 62.0 56.1 44.5 63.0 47.1 42.5 43.8 49.1 42.9 51.3 39.0 -
DV25 46.3 missing 57.5 49.1 38.4 30.0 47.9 missing 38.9 38.9 47.6 34.8 42.9 32.6 -
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 30
Site ID
NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m3)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Annual Mean
Raw Data
Bias Adjusted (0.76) and
Annualised (1)
Distance Corrected
to Nearest
Exposure (2)
DV30 50.5 missing 55.4 missing 49.6 35.5 70.7 56.7 56.5 50.4 54.6 missing 53.3 40.5 -
DV31 43.0 missing 53.6 44.5 43.5 32.4 45.4 38.9 33.1 40.6 35.9 41.4 41.1 31.2 -
DV32 42.7 missing 50.1 52.7 53.7 43.3 55.7 46.6 38.2 38.0 49.2 42.3 46.6 35.4 -
DV33 59.6 missing Missing 65.8 60.7 Missing Missing Missing 44.6 43.1 46.5 45.1 52.2 37.6 30.0
☐ Local bias adjustment factor used
☒ National bias adjustment factor used
☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%
☐ Where applicable, data has been distance corrected for relevant exposure
Notes:
Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 are shown in bold.
NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m3, indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined.
(1) See Appendix C for details on bias adjustment and annualisation.
(2) Distance corrected to nearest relevant public exposure.
Distance correction has only been completed for the monitoring locations that are not representative of exposure with the annual mean concentrations were above
36µg/m3.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 31
Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC
Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factors
The diffusion tubes are supplied and analysed by SOCOTEC Didcot, formerly called
Environmental Scientifics Group (ESG) Didcot utilising the 50% triethanolamine (TEA)
in acetone preparation method. A bias adjustment of 0.76 for the year 2018 (based on
20 studies) has been derived from the national bias adjustment calculator, as shown
in Figure C.1. The figure of 0.76 has decreased slightly from last year.
Figure C.1- National Bias Adjustment Factor for Laboratory
For previous data, years 2012 to 2017, the monitored concentrations and bias
adjustment factors are taken from the Council’s previous LAQM annual reports. The
factors used were 0.79 (2012), 0.81 (2013), 0.81 (2014) and 0.81 (2015) 0.77 (2016),
0.77 (2017)
Discussion of Choice of Factor to Use
With regard to the application of a bias adjustment factor for the diffusion tubes, the
technical guidance LAQM.TG(16) and LAQM Helpdesk recommends use of a local
bias adjustment factor where available and relevant to diffusion tube sites.
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 32
However, as the council does not operate any continuous NO2 monitoring, it is not it is
not possible in this case to calculate a local bias adjustment factor. The national factor
has therefore been applied.
Short-term to Long-term Data Adjustment
DV33 has data capture less than 75% during 2018, therefore annualisation has been
undertaken at this location according to the method set out in LAQM TG(16) Box 7.9.
The details of the annualisation have been provided in Table C.1 below.
Table C.1– Annualisation for DV33
Site ID
Unadjusted Annual Mean
(µg/m3)
AF Rochester
Stoke
AF Thurrock
AF Canterbury
Average AF
Annualised Concentration
(µg/m3)
DV33 52.2 0.921 0.973 0.948 0.947 37.6
PM Monitoring Adjustment
The Council undertook monitoring of PM10 based on TEOM analysers at one location
during 2018. TEOMs collect particles on a small oscillating filter. The change in
oscillation frequency of the filter is proportional to the change in PM10 and PM2.5
concentrations. TEOMs are operated at 50°C and as such lose volatile components of
the PM10 and PM2.5. Therefore, the monitoring results have been corrected using
Volatile Correction Model21. The monitoring results are downloaded as gravimetric
equivalent from the Kentair website22. The website managers of the Kentair website
are responsible for the PM10 adjustment.
Distance Correction
There are three sites (DV10, DV24 and DV33) with annual mean NO2 concentrations
within 10% of the annual mean NO2 AQS objective and two sites (DV06/07/08 and DV
30) with annual mean NO2 concentrations slightly above the annual mean NO2 AQS
objective. Distance correction has been completed for location DV33. Distance
correction is applied to the monitored annual mean concentration to estimate the NO2
concentration at the closest relevant receptor location. This has been completed due
to the location of the diffusion tubes not being located at a location of relevant
exposure; the sites (DV24, DV06/07/08 and DV30) are not distance corrected as they
21 https://www.volatile-correction-model.info 22 http://www.kentair.org.uk/
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 33
located at relevant exposure, and there are no relevant exposure at the same side of
the road as the monitoring DV10. The concentrations that have been calculated
following this procedure can be seen within the NO2 fall off with distance calculator
shown in Figure C.2.
Figure C.2 – Distance Correction Calculations for SK54/55 and SK56/57
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 34
Appendix D: Maps of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs
Figure D.1 – Monitoring Locations: A20 West
Contains Ordnance Survey Data © Crown Copyright and database right 2018. Ordnance Survey 100049046.
Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescot Street London, E1 8HG
Location
Dover District
Title
Monitoring Locations: A20 West
By Approved
FL HS
Scale Job Ref
Not to Scale 6486897
Date Figure No.
June 2019 D.1
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 35
Figure D.2– Monitoring Locations: A20 East
Contains Ordnance Survey Data © Crown Copyright and database right 2018. Ordnance Survey 100049046.
Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescot Street London, E1 8HG
Location
Dover District
Title
Monitoring Locations: A20 East
By Approved
FL HS
Scale Job Ref
Not to Scale 6486897
Date Figure No.
June 2019 D.2
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 36
Figure D.3 – Monitoring Locations: High Street
Contains Ordnance Survey Data © Crown Copyright and database right 2018. Ordnance Survey 100049046.
Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescot Street London, E1 8HG
Location
Dover District
Title
Monitoring Locations: High Street
By Approved
FL HS
Scale Job Ref
Not to Scale 6486897
Date Figure No.
June 2019 D.3
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 37
Figure D.4 – Monitoring Locations: Buckland Valley
Contains Ordnance Survey Data © Crown Copyright and database right 2018. Ordnance Survey 100049046.
Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescot Street London, E1 8HG
Location
Dover District
Title
Monitoring Locations: Buckland Valley
By Approved
FL HS
Scale Job Ref
Not to Scale 6486897
Date Figure No.
June 2019 D.4
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 38
Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England
Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England
Pollutant Air Quality Objective23
Concentration Measured as
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
200 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 18 times a year
1-hour mean
40 µg/m3 Annual mean
Particulate Matter (PM10)
50 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year
24-hour mean
40 µg/m3 Annual mean
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
350 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 24 times a year
1-hour mean
125 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 3 times a year
24-hour mean
266 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a year
15-minute mean
23 The units are in microgrammes of pollutant per cubic metre of air (µg/m3).
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 39
Glossary of Terms
Abbreviation Description
AF Annualisation Factor
AQAP Air Quality Action Plan - A detailed description of measures, outcomes, achievement dates and implementation methods, showing how the local authority intends to achieve air quality limit values’
AQMA Air Quality Management Area – An area where air pollutant concentrations exceed / are likely to exceed the relevant air quality objectives. AQMAs are declared for specific pollutants and objectives
ASR Air quality Annual Status Report
DDC Dover District Council
Defra Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
DHB Dover Harbour Board
ELES Energy and Low Emissions Strategy
EU European Union
KCC Kent County Council
KMAQP Kent and Medway Air Quality Partnership
LAQM Local Air Quality Management
LDF Local Development Framework
LTP Local Transport Plan
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide
NOx Nitrogen Oxides
PM10 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10µm (micrometres or microns) or less
PM2.5 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less
QA/QC Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 40
SO2 Sulphur Dioxide
VCM-corrected TEOM
Volatile Correction Model Corrected Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 41
References
Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health,
2010
Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities
analysis, 2006
Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013
Dover District Council (2015) Updating and Screening Assessment, Bureau
Veritas,
Dover Core Strategy, http://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-Policy/Local-
Plan/Core-Strategy/Home.aspx
Dover Development Plan, http://dover.devplan.org.uk/document.aspx?
document=26&display=contents
Dover District Council, Land Allocations Local Plan (2015), available at:
http://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-Policy/Local-Plan/Land-
Allocations/Land- Allocations.aspx
Dover Transport Strategy, http://www.dover.gov.uk/Planning/Planning-
Policy/Local- Plan/Evidence-Base/Studies/TRANSDoverTransportStrategy.pdf
Kent Transport Policy, http://www.kent.gov.uk/about-the-council/strategies-
and- policies/transport-and-highways-policies/local-transport-plan
Kent Environmental Strategy, http://www.kent.gov.uk/about-the-
council/strategies- and-policies/environment-waste-and-planning-
policies/environmental-policies/kent- environment-strategy
http://www.kentair.org.uk/
Kent and Medway Air Quality Partnership Planning Guidance,
http://www.kentair.org.uk/documents/K&MAQP_Air_Quality_Planning_Guidan
ce_Miti gation_Option_A.pdf
Kent and Medway Air Quality Partnership Planning Guidance,
http://kentair.org.uk/documents/K&MAQP_Air_Quality_Planning_Guidance_Mi
tigation_Option_A.pdf
http://www.kentair.org.uk/library
Dover District Council
LAQM Annual Status Report 2019 42
KCC Local Transport Plan: Delivering Growth Without Gridlock, available at:
http://consultations.kent.gov.uk/consult.ti/LTP4
Traffic Management Improvement (TMI) Project 2012-2015, available at:
http://www.doverport.co.uk/about/port-development/
Dover AQ monitoring page, available at:
http://www.dover.gov.uk/Environment/Environmental-Health/Air-Quality/Air-
Quality- Monitoring.aspx
LAQM Policy Guidance (PG16) (2016). Published by Defra in partnership with
the Scottish Government, Welsh Assembly Government and Department of the
Environment Northern Ireland
http://www.phoutcomes.info/public-health-outcomes-framework#gid/1000049
LAQM Technical Guidance (TG16) (2016). Published by Defra in partnership
with the Scottish Government, Welsh Assembly Government and Department
of the Environment Northern Ireland
Volatile Correction Model (2012) Kings ERG http://www.volatile-correction-
model.info/
The Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland
(Volume1) (2007)
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment
_data/file/69336/pb12654-air-quality-strategy-vol1-070712.pdf