Dooley Lindeman and Durik URAD 2016 poster (final)
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Dooley, M. A., Lindeman, M. I. H., and Durik, A. M. Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts & Science, Northern Illinois University An Investigation of Women’s Self-Promotion Behavior DISCUSSION •The pattern of results was similar to Smith and Huntoon (2013), however there were some differences. • Women in the self-promotion condition did not perceive their promotion as less successful than those in the other-promotion condition. •Similar to the results of Smith and Huntoon, women in the self-promotion condition thought their essay was worth less than participants in the other-promotion condition. •Overall, our results suggest that the results of Smith and Huntoon replicate in a more ethnically diverse sample that was collected at a different university. LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS •This study only included women, so future research should investigate these effects among men. •This study cannot speak to why women do not view their self-promotion as positively as they view their other-promotion. Future research should work to Hypotheses Hypothesis 1: Women will perceive that their promotion is of lower quality when they self-promote compared to when they other-promote. Hypothesis 2: Women will perceive that their promotion essay was worth less money when they self-promote compared to when they other-promote. INTRODUCTION •Self-promotion is recognized as a critical component towards an individual’s professional success (Jones & Pittman, 1982). •American gender norms have held certain expectations about women appearing as more modest in comparison to men (Smith & Huntoon, 2013). •Research suggests that women do not promote themselves as well as they promote other people (Moss-Racusin & Rudman, 2010; Smith & Huntoon, 2013). •Women who self-promote in achievement settings experience uncomfortable levels of arousal, which diminish their promotion (Smith & Huntoon, 2013). •Although past work has shown that women do not promote themselves as well as they promote other people, this has only been shown in a sample that had very little racial diversity. •Therefore, we aimed to replicate the results of Smith and Huntoon (2013) in a more diverse sample and at a different university. METHOD Participants Forty-five undergraduate women with an average age of 19.5 years Procedure Participants came into the lab and wrote a scholarship essay. After writing the essay, they completed the dependent measures of interest. Independent Variable • Promotion Type (randomly assigned) •Some participants wrote about their own accomplishments and qualities that made them a good candidate for the scholarship (self-promotion) •Some participants wrote about the accomplishments and qualities of a peer that made them a good candidate for the scholarship (other-promotion) Dependent Variables • Perceived Promotion Success was measured with four items (e.g., When others read your essay, how qualified do you think they will rate the applicant?) measured on a 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely) scale. • Perceived Promotion Worth was measured with two items (Given a scholarship amount between $0 and $5000 how much do you think the applicant would receive?” and “Given a range between 1 and 5 years, how many years would they recommend the scholarship be received?”). These numbers were multiplied together to calculate the total promotion worth. RESULTS • No significant difference emerged between self-promotion (M=3.67) and other- promotion (M=4.09) conditions on perceived promotion success, t(43) = -1.30, RESULTS
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Transcript of Dooley Lindeman and Durik URAD 2016 poster (final)
Dooley, M. A., Lindeman, M. I. H., and Durik, A. M.Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts & Science, Northern Illinois University
An Investigation of Women’s Self-Promotion Behavior
DISCUSSION•The pattern of results was similar to Smith and Huntoon (2013), however there were some differences.
• Women in the self-promotion condition did not perceive their promotion as less successful than those in the other-promotion condition.
•Similar to the results of Smith and Huntoon, women in the self-promotion condition thought their essay was worth less than participants in the other-promotion condition.•Overall, our results suggest that the results of Smith and Huntoon replicate in a more ethnically diverse sample that was collected at a different university.
LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS•This study only included women, so future research should investigate these effects among men.•This study cannot speak to why women do not view their self-promotion as positively as they view their other-promotion. Future research should work to understand this.
Hypotheses
Hypothesis 1: Women will perceive that their promotion is of lower quality when they self-promote compared to when they other-promote.
Hypothesis 2: Women will perceive that their promotion essay was worth less money when they self-promote compared to when they other-promote.
INTRODUCTION
•Self-promotion is recognized as a critical component towards an individual’s professional success (Jones & Pittman, 1982).
•American gender norms have held certain expectations about women appearing as more modest in comparison to men (Smith & Huntoon, 2013).
•Research suggests that women do not promote themselves as well as they promote other people (Moss-Racusin & Rudman, 2010; Smith & Huntoon, 2013).
•Women who self-promote in achievement settings experience uncomfortable levels of arousal, which diminish their promotion (Smith & Huntoon, 2013).
•Although past work has shown that women do not promote themselves as well as they promote other people, this has only been shown in a sample that had very little racial diversity.
•Therefore, we aimed to replicate the results of Smith and Huntoon (2013) in a more diverse sample and at a different university.
METHODParticipantsForty-five undergraduate women with an average age of 19.5
years
ProcedureParticipants came into the lab and wrote a scholarship essay.
After writing the essay, they completed the dependent measures of interest.
Independent Variable• Promotion Type (randomly assigned)
• Some participants wrote about their own accomplishments and qualities that made them a good candidate for the scholarship (self-promotion)
• Some participants wrote about the accomplishments and qualities of a peer that made them a good candidate for the scholarship (other-promotion)
Dependent Variables• Perceived Promotion Success was measured with four
items (e.g., When others read your essay, how qualified do you think they will rate the applicant?) measured on a 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely) scale.
• Perceived Promotion Worth was measured with two items (Given a scholarship amount between $0 and $5000 how much do you think the applicant would receive?” and “Given a range between 1 and 5 years, how many years would they recommend the scholarship be received?”). These numbers were multiplied together to calculate the total promotion worth.
RESULTS• No significant difference emerged between self-
promotion (M=3.67) and other-promotion (M=4.09) conditions on perceived promotion success, t(43) = -1.30, p = .20. see Figure 1.
• Participants in the self-promotion condition (M=$5118) thought their essay was worth less that those in the other-promotion condition (M=$92478), t(43) = -2.29, p = .049. see Figure 2.
RESULTS
