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Donations and grant making entities in Singapore (6 Dec 2011) and grant... · 2019-03-06 · Asia...
Transcript of Donations and grant making entities in Singapore (6 Dec 2011) and grant... · 2019-03-06 · Asia...
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Landscape Study on Donations and Grant Making
Entities in SingaporeLam Swee Sum, Director, ACSEP
Associate Professor of Finance, NUSNovember 2011
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Outline
1. Donations in Singapore2. Grant Making Entities in Singapore3. Bibliography
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Donations in Singapore
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Individual 85 131 202 150 182 184 255 211 240 269Corporate 296 251 310 325 462 351 565 476 447 507Total 381 382 512 475 644 535 820 687 687 776
0100200300400500600700800900
Millions (SGD)
Tax Deductible Donations to IPC*
Source: Chart constructed based on data from Commissioner of Charities Annual Report*IPC = “Institutions of a Public Character” – A nonprofit charity, institution or fund meeting certain qualifications and approved by the government of Singapore.
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Donations in Singapore
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Corporate 77.7% 65.7% 60.5% 68.4% 71.7% 65.6% 68.9% 69.3% 65.1% 65.3%Individual 22.3% 34.3% 39.5% 31.6% 28.3% 34.4% 31.1% 30.7% 34.9% 34.7%
0%
10%
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30%
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50%
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70%
80%
90%
100%
Distribution of tax deductible donations to IPC
Source: Chart constructed based on data from Commissioner of Charities Annual Report
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Donations in Singapore
Source: Index constructed based on data from Commissioner of Charities Annual Report* Index tracks the cumulative growth of individual and corporate donations starting from year 2001 (Base = 1000)
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Donations in Singapore
Source: Chart constructed based on data from Commissioner of Charities Annual Report*NKF = “National Kidney Foundation”; **GFC = “Global Financial Crisis”
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Donations in Singapore
Source: Chart constructed based on data from Commissioner of Charities and Department of Statistics Singapore
20.53
31.34
49.15
35.97
42.62 41.82
55.56
43.6048.10
52.95
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Individual tax deductible donations per capita (SGD)Individual tax deductible donations per capita ($)
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Donations in Singapore
Source: Ratio constructed based on data from Commissioner of Charities, Department of Statistics Singapore and NCSS
0.016
0.018
0.02
0.022
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Ratio of funds raised by Community Chest as Percent of GDP
00.020.040.060.080.1
0.12
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Ratio of Individual Donations to IPC as Percent of GDP
00.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.35
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Ratio of Total Donations to IPC as Percent of GDP
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
National Average Individual Charitable Giving as a Share of GDP (2005)
Ireland0.47%
United States1.7%
UK0.73%
Canada0.72%
Australia0.69%
South Africa0.64%
Netherlands0.47%
Singapore0.29%
New Zealand0.29%
Turkey0.23%Germany
0.22%France0.14%
Source: Charities Aid Foundation (2006)
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Charitable Activity among NationsWorld Giving Index 2010
Country World Giving Index
% Giving money % Volunteering time
% Helping a stranger
Australia 1 70% 38% 64%
US 5 60% 39% 65%
Switzerland 5 71% 34% 60%
UK 8 73% 29% 58%
Hong Kong 18 70% 13% 50%
Singapore 91 35% 10% 35%
Japan 119 17% 23% 25%
China 147 11% 4% 28%
Source: Charities Aid Foundation (2010)
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Charity Sector in Singapore
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Number of large charities 47 59 64 65 67 98 104
Number of non‐large charities 1,612 1,688 1,743 1,810 1,823 1,846 1,869
Large charities share of income 83% 75% 77% 82% 82% 85% 84%
Source: Chart constructed based on data from Commissioner of Charities Note: Large charities are those with annual income more than SGD10 million
5,0004,350
4,9705,450
6,000
9,020 9,400
4,1303,263
3,8274,469
4,920
7,667 7,896
870 1,088 1,143 981 1,080 1,353 1,504
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,000
10,000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Millions (SGD)
Distribution of charities income by size of charities
Total income Total income received by large charities Total income received by non‐large charities
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Charity Sector in Singapore
Source: Index constructed based on data from Commissioner of Charities Annual Report* Index tracks the cumulative growth of annual income of charities starting from year 2003 (Base = 1000)
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Charity Sector in Singapore
Source: Index constructed based on data from Commissioner of Charities Annual Report
10.2% 10.9% 13.0% 9.8% 13.7% 7.6% 7.3%
89.8% 89.1% 87.0% 90.2% 86.3% 92.4% 92.7%
0%
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30%
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100%
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Donations to IPC relative to total charities income
IPC donations / Total income of charities Non‐IPC donations / Total income of charities
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Charity Sector in Singapore
• Tax price is the most important determinant ofgiving (Chua and Wong, 1999)
• Study shows that on average, if the tax rate were to decrease by1%, giving is expected to decrease by between 3% to 6%,depending on the giver’s educational attainment
• 21% of the population in Singapore pay tax
• 27% of charities in Singapore enjoy IPC status
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Grant Making Landscape in Singapore
• A cross‐sectional study
• Motivation
• Little research has been conducted on the local grant making scene to date
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Caveats
• NUS student project
• Secondary data sources
• Sample not representative of Singapore’sphilanthropic sector
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
A Taxonomy of Grant Making Entities
• Foundations take the name of the grantmaker or the family name and funds areusually raised from individual grant maker
• Examples: Lien Foundation, Tan Chin TuanFoundation, Lee Foundation
Private Foundations
• Trusts are governed under the Trustees Actand are separate legal entities set up tofurther the charitable intention ofindividuals
• Examples: Isaac Manasseh Meyer TrustFund, The Chen Su Lan Trust Fund
Charitable Trusts
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
A Taxonomy of Grant Making Entities
• Foundations set up by corporations tofurther their corporate social responsibilityefforts
• Examples: Asian Pacific Breweries Foundation, Banyan Tree Global Foundation
Corporate Foundations
• Funds set up by corporations to further theircorporate social responsibility efforts
• Examples: The Straits Times Pocket Money Fund, Singapore Power Heartware Fund
Corporate Funds
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
A Taxonomy of Grant Making Entities• Organisations formed under the direction ofthe government to maintain harmonywithin each ethnic community, as well asthe different ethnic communities inSingapore
• Examples: Chinese Development Assistance Council (CDAC), Yayasan Mendaki
Ethnic Self‐Help
Organisations
• Associations set up to address the welfareof Chinese immigrants
• Examples: Nge Ann Kongsi Foundation, The Hokkien Foundation
Chinese Clan Associations
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
A Taxonomy of Grant Making Entities
• Entities and foundations started up byreligious organisations to contribute to thewelfare of society
• Examples: City Harvest Church, TheSingapore Buddhist Lodge
Religious Organisationsand Affiliated Foundations
• Funds established by hospitals andhealthcare groups to help individuals andfamilies cope with medical costs
• Examples: Leukemia and LymphomaFoundation, National Heart CentreSingapore Heart2Heart Fund
Healthcare‐Related Funds
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
A Taxonomy of Grant Making Entities
• Foundations administered by politicalassociations
• Example: PAP Community Foundation
Politically‐Affiliated
Foundations
• Entities established under the purview ofvarious government ministries or statutoryboards to enhance the living standards ofSingapore
• Examples: Centre for Enabled Living, SingaporeLabour Foundation
Government‐Run Grant Making Entities
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
A Taxonomy of Grant Making Entities
• Funds set up under the purview ofgovernment ministries and typicallyadministered at the grassroots level
• Examples: ComCare Fund, North East Live It Up Fund
Government‐Run Funds
• Funds set up to provide scholarships andgrants
• Examples: Dr Goh Keng Swee Scholarship Fund, Tay Eng Soon Scholarship Fund
Tertiary Education‐
Related Funds
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
A Taxonomy of Grant Making Entities
• Funds established by special interest groupsto further their organisational goals
• Example: Mainly I Love Kids (MILK) Fund
Social Interest and Advocacy
Group
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Additional Findings: Number Supporting Various Causes
Asia Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Philanthropy
Bibliography• Chua, V. C. H., & Wong, C. M. (1999). Tax incentives, individual characteristics and charitable giving in Singapore. International Journal of Social Economics, 26(12), 1492‐1504.
• Charities Aid Foundation. (2006). International comparisons of charitable giving. UK: Charities Aid Foundation.
• Teo, A. C. Y., Lee, A. Q‐. Y., Ng, K. S., Sim, E. T. H., Chang, C‐. J. W‐. Y., & Tan, K. L. H. (2011). Grantmaking entities in Singapore. Retrieved from http://www.worldfuturefound.org/research/GrantmakingEntitiesInSingaporeJanuary2011.pdf