drfDo] M –nfv] jn –ljhozdf{ /fhf]kfWofo

e':ofMwfMof Uofgfk'u' tfno\Kofv+ Nx' NxF' nfv] jn . nfv] jn nfv] jn Uofgfk';]

Rj+lk+ nfv] jn ..jn–jn–jn–jn nfv] jn–nfv] jn ..jn–jn–jn–jn nfv] jn–nfv] jn ..tftfMxfsMu' ‰ofknf+ ;Fo\emftf–dftf ld+s 5\of]+ ;+sfMldRofgf Rj+y]+ Xof+u' Vjfno\go\–Tjg] lkTofMu' kx jo\sfMlt lt+ Gx' Gx'F Kofv+ Nx' Nx'Femofln+rf ug b' dfdf+ jnUjf/fdf/f lr+ lk+ l9;L ldl;nfMlKf+ jn–jn–jn–jn nfv] jn–nfv] jn ..jn–jn–jn–jn nfv] jn–nfv] jn ..

bf]nvf 5u' ofqf–c~hgf l;+x

g]kfnefiff s]Gb|Lo ljefuo\ z}lIfs;qof @)^(.&) Gxfkfu' bFof Ajldlk nf]sjftf{of sfo{If]q (Field work) of ldlt @)^( kmfNu'0f @% ut] z'qmjf/lg;]+ @)^( kmfNu'0f @( ut] ;f]dfjf/ ts z}lIfs ed0fof nflu bf]nvf jgfu' vM .

g]kfM b]of GXofu' x] If]q e|d0f of;f ef}uf]lns sy wfou' vM;f 5rfv]/+ kxf8+ 3]/]o\ ofgftMu' h'O . jx] g]kfMb]of ef}uf]lns sy+ ljz]iftfof ?k+ gfnf sfo]dfnL . bf]nvf g+ 5u' x] u'+ j kxf8+ 3]/]o\ h'u' ufno\ nfMu' 5u" pkTosf vM . ofqf tfMxfsMh';f bf]nvf Yo]g] GXoM k|s[ltoft GXoOk's]t XjofRj+u' /+uLla/uL dgdf]xs 6s:jf+g+ dg cem cfglGbt oft . yf}sGxo\ Yj Ono\ XjofRj+u' j 6s:jf+ g+ k|s[ltoft lt;f j;M

lkmsftMu' y]+ em+em+ wfo]sftMu' b[Zo :jo\ano\ lh a;of b'g] czQm h";f+ czQm dh"y]+ dxz'; h'n .

Gx"u' Gx"u' yf;o jg]ano j yf;o\ Rjlk+ dg'v+ oSj cflTdotf So+u' vg]b' . bf]nvfo\ Rj+lk+ clwsf+z dg"t g+ cy] x] tfn . cgofu' j:tL 5yfo\ vM;f 5]F wfM;f bSj x] cnu cnu x] b' . 5u" ch"rfMu' vF 5' wfM;f 5vf 5]Fof 5u' 6f]n g+ b'u' h'ofRjg . j vM l;tu' TjfnrfTjfM . cy]x] crDd h'Ou' vF dWo] bf]nvfjf;L bSjl;of u0f]B g+ jx] 5Dx hs vM .

æbf]nvf e|d0fÆ 5u' n'dGtL– ;"o{nIdL

u'ano\ ug g+ jlgu' h'nls lhtM GXo x] jOdv' . pv'g' kmfNu'0f @% ut] g+ b]fnvf jg]u' h'u'ln+ lhtM GXo x] dj;] x] ;'yM h'n , SofDk;o\ ;'yo &=)) ah] Yo+sf . ;sn kf;flk+ d'gf cf7 ah] a; GXoft . kfFrvfno\ gf:tf ofgfM, d'8] hf go\u' Hof Sjrfo\sf tMxfsu' a; ofqf ofgf . rf/ ah] bf]nvfo\ Yog . cg lhlk Yog] GXoMx] lhldt Ujfxfln ofo\t zfGts[i0f >]i7 bfO{ cg n;s'z ofo\t RjgfRjg . pv'Gx' jo\sn+ x], bf]nfvf uf+of wfld{s h+un, Njx+lx6L, k'nfFu' b/af/ r}To cflbofu' e|d0f ofsfM jof af/] 5'+ 5'+ vF g+ sgflbn .

sGx]v'Gx' @^ ut] Gxfkf bgf eLd;]gof bz{g ofgf . cg+ lnkf lqk'/f;'Gb/L j jf/f0f;L g+ bz{g ofgf . Yjx] ‰jno\ lqk'/f;'Gb/L BM Bnf afx]s ;'gfg+ :jo\ dlhp w}u' v+ l;n wfM;f jf/f0f;L ;tLb]jLof 5\o+ ktg h'ofM b'u' kL7 wofu' vF g+ l;n . jof lnkf /f; ;/kfv] lhu' ljifo hfqfof lg+tL+ ;|f]t JolQmof ?ko\ e/t >]i7 ;/+ Dxl;sf laoflbn .

@÷# 306f y]+ e/t ;/ gfk hfqfof ljifono vFnfanf g+ h'n . ufF rflxn]u' ‰jno\ g/]Gb| >]i7 ;/ , a'l4axfb'/ crfh', wg axfb'/ yfdL, jL/axfb'/ lzjelQm cflb gfk+ g+ vFnfanf h'n . BM lvp;] RjgfM jfM j;f g+ afvF Gog]u' ehg Gog]u' j ufF rflxn]u' Hof af+nfs Sjrfn . yy]x] @& ut] d~h'>L g+ rfMlxn]u' ;fOt h'/] h'n wfM;f UjfxnL ofgflblk+ ;sn ;/kL+ ln;]g+ vFn anf ofo\u' Hof‰jM ;DkGg h'n .

lnxf jofu' lb+ @* ut] cgof ;/lkG;+ dg:jf+ x\josf ;sl;t labfO ofgflbn . lhlk+ ;sl;t cfMts g+ bf]nvfof GXoOk';] Rj+u' yfo\ j d';'d';' lGxlnlk+ bfh'lshf j ttfs]x]lk+ n'dgLano\ Yj dg cgofx] nfnLu'/fF; y]+ XofpFs XjofjO, 9sdSs .

bf]nvfof cg'ej–zld{nf dxh{g

c+uM kf}of nflu bf]nvf jgfano\ cg'ej Rj wsfM wfMjno lht nf 5' Rjo 5' Rjo h'n . vf;ofgfM lh bf]nvf :jsMu' e|d0f vM Gxfkf lgsM jgfano\ ts 5'+ g+= GXofOk' dh" . wfo\dfn wfM;f jg, bz{g oft lnxf+ jn t/ Yj :jsMu' bf]nvf e|d0f lhtM pT;'s h'n . ;sn]+ kf;f gfk+ b'u'ln g+ d:o" oSj x] GXofOk'n . 5u" tkm{o\ GXofOk';] Rjg+wfM;f . d]v] uy] ofo\, 5'ofo\, uy]ofgfM gf+ t ;+sng ofou' uy] Gog]u' wsfM Uofg+ Uoft . Gxfkf+u' lbgo\ afv+ Gogf a; Go+hs GogfRjgf lhjg ;/+ Go+hs Go]g]u' dv' ofsg+ /s8{ of wsfM woflbn cg+ lnkf df]jfOno\ /]s8{ ofo\u' z'?ofgf . bf]nvfo\ KoGx'of e|d0fo\ bf]nvf jfl;Gbf yM x] bfh'lshf y]+ Rjg\ . GXofyfo\ j+;f+ yu' x] ufdo\ rfMlxnf Rjgf y]+ h'n .

pln k]Gx'of lbgo\ x] oMy] h'Okm'u' 3'nldn h'u' vgf lhtnf crDd g+ h'n 5fo\ ls lh ;'+g+ Gx"lk+ dg"to\ gfk+ pln ofsg+ 3'nldn dh'oflg . t/ j emLu' g]jfMtou' ljz]iftf j :jemfkg g+ vM y]+ Rj+ . j lemu' efiff hflt /xg ;xg cflb kfv]+ ofgf g+ vokm' . g]jfM lem g]jf x] vM . emLlk+ g]jf ;d'bfo h'u'ln g+ vokm' y'ln dg ldno\ h'Okm'u' . y'ln 3'nldn h'Okm'u' . bf]nvfjfl;t g+ pln x] hLldt dfof ofgf Ujfxfln ofgflbn . plsof nflu oSj x] wGojfb bf]nvfjfl;lkGt . olb pld;+ UjfMxfln dofMu' h";f u'nLg+ emL;+ bf]nvfoft rfMlxn]u', Dxl;s]u' s'tM h'n ;fob pln ofo\ kmOdv' h'O . pldu' :jfut ofOu' tl/sf lht oSj x] on . pls æ:ofpbfOÆ zJboft ;fob x] NjdgL h'O .

bf]nvfo\ z}lIfs e|d0f jgfM cgof snf;+:s[lt, /Lltl/jfh, jf:t', gvMrvM hfqf, ;+:sf/, afv+, SjfM 5'gfv+ cflbof jf/]o\ l;s]u' df}sf bt votnf cg ;+:sf/o\ ljjfx ;+:sf/ pln vg]db' . ld;f ldh+of onls lj:o'+jgf Olxkf ofou' rng lhtM GXofO g+ k'n cno\ og+ on . 5fo\wfM;f emLu' ;dfho\ jofRj+u' bfOhf] k|yf, ljs[lt j lj;+ult jofRj+u' :jo\jno cg ofpF;] Rj+ . ldno\ h'OdfMu' lgDx]l;of dg vM ldno\ h'n ls Sj;M wofu' 5'ofo\t wofy]+ Rjg .

Yj rng 5u' lhtM oSj x] on . emLu' ;dfho\ g+ chfMu' ;+:sf/ h";f uhfMu' Ho" wsfM dgo\ tfn . emLyfo\ cy] ljjfx h'nls u'ln af+dnfMu' ldvf+ :jO t/ cg oSj x] af+nfM lht dgo\ ltSs ldg .

åfNvf jgfjOu' Ono 5' 5' h'n af+nf x] h'n–bof/fd >]i7

g]kfnefiff ljifo sofM :gftsf]Q/ tludo Gxfkfu' bFof sf]if{ cg';f/ @) dfs{of nflu nf]sjftf{ ljifoof 5u' ljwf SjMl5gf sfo{If]q n'OsfM jg]dfMu' nf bx] b' . t/ y'lsof nflu dfMu' tof/L, sfo{If]qof e|d0f cno >f]t JolQm, :yfgLo JolQmgfk+ vnfjnf hs dv';] ljifo k|fWofkg ofgfbLDx efh'gfk+ ;xnx ofgfM dfMu' ;fdfu|L hf]8\oofgf tof/ ofojno @) gDj/of nflu hs dv' !)) gDa/ Jo";f+ x] ufOy]+ dRj+ . GXofu' x] yh' . y'lsof nflu ofgfu' cg'ej vM psL+ tw+u' x] kf7 b' w}y]+ lh+ tfosf Rjgf .

Yjx] nf]sjftf{of nflu bf]nvf sfo{If]q wsfM ;xnx JofsfM g]kfnefiff s]GbLo ljefu kl/jf/ b'Yofsf Ajldlk+ bSj w}y]+ x] ;+nUg h"u' j ;kmn e|d0fof nflu lhtM Jo"u' lhDd]jf/L JolQmut dh';] e|d0fo ;+nUg h'lk+ ;sl;t Ogf sfoax h" . ljz]ifsy+ ljefuLo k|d'v, ljifo k|fWofks efh' lkGt nf emg cKkf] x] Rj5fo\ax h"u' e"ldsfof nflu z'efo\ laofRjgf . cno\ oftfoftof Joj:yfkg lhDd]jf/L sofbLDx efh' afa'/fhf :sjfo/-lgDx kf;flk+_, hfg'sf >]i7, lhrfefh'ofty]+ cf/fdgS;+ Blgu', ;fSs sf}nf ofo\u', Hog+a]nL ofo\t Joj:yfof lhDdf sofbLDx pk–k|fWofks efh' /fhgnfn hf]zLh'oft g+ b'g'un+lg;]+ z'efo .

wfTy]+ wfou' vM;f onWjfvflg;]+ GXofMu' bf]nvf WjfVff ts cno\ bf]nvf Wjfvf+lg;]+ onWjfvfo\ jof x] bLu' ofqf vM . a;o\ kfMlxnf l;6\o Rjg]v+u', do\h' j doh'of k'rMof by'O Njfk'bf]x/L Do]gfk+ Kofv+, lh/f] lsnf]o Yo+sf SjfMSjfMu' d/L sf}nf, VjfpF;] Rj+u' kmo\ gfk+ jgf ;nfu"+ d'8] Yo+sf dfSs';] Rj+u' vfOnf gfk+ Hog+ w'+sf rl/sf]6 dYo+tNn] zl/tf do\h' j c~hgf doh' GXos'n' h'u' b[Zo, ljro\ ljro\ t'N;Lnfn

;/ofu' g]jfM Do], lruMu' l3GtfdGrf+ t;M ofgfM yfo\dfMu' cj:yf, $%l8u|Lofu' 3'DtLdf]8\o UofSs UofSs 8«fOe/ ;fx]a+ Sjt]lnu' a|]s, a;of ‰ofn+ :joano\ aF oSj oSj Sjyfgfjy] Rj+u', yfo\yf;o u'+t 5u'ln+ XofpF;] Rj+s XjofRj+u' 6s:jf+ :j:j+ rl/sf]6 h'gfM bf]nvf Yo+u' nf rfx] drf .

bf]nvfo Yo+sfM zfGts[i0f >]i7 j e/t >]i7lklgu' k'rMof n;s'; kmof . ;' ug < YjMsf]l5gfM bf]nvf b]z b]zfj/ ;+lIfKt cjnf]sg e|d0f ofou' ‰jno l;+x u'+, h'sfM u0f]Bf] bz{g ofgfM Njx lxl6 :jof, cgRj+lk+ v8\uL, skfnL hflt gfk+ vnfjnf ofgfM 8'G5], lkG5], l;De', 8j/L h'sf, lvpF;] Rj+sf lnxf+jof a]nL ofow'+sfM 3/a]tLofu' Sjyfo\ afj'/fhf :Sjfo/oft ao+ Yogf, lh cfgGb gfk vftfo\ b]gf . sGx\os'Gx' ;'y Gxfk+ bgf lhlk+ KoDx j hfg'sf doh' gfk+ bf]nvf leGBf]yfo\ jgf lh GxfkfnfSs nfOg Rjgf d]lk+ kf;lkGt nfOggfk tofu'nf lrlwsDx afj'/fhf+ æbof/fd bfO{ em uP Gxfkfnfu'<Æ wfMano lnpg] nfOg RjgfRjlk+ vgfM Uof;] jn . bz{g ofgfM lskf sof lnxf+jof sf}nf ofgfM ljifocg';f/ k'rM bosfM /fhg;/of ;lqmo ;xeflutfo cg;+ Rj+lk+ >f]t JolQm dfMsy+ kl/rfng ofu' Hof Rj5fo\axh" . bSj yMyu' ljifocg';f/ >f]t JolQm gfk+ sfo{ If]q j+u' dfgf}, 5' wfoyfo\ x] db' . lhtM j ;"o{nIdLh'oft bf]nvfof hfqf ljifo NosMu'ln+ e/t ;/ j d]lk+ lgDx >f]t JolQmofu' Joj:yf ofgflbn wf;f u'l7 ljifo sfMDx hfg'sf doh' ofgfM :jDxl;u' k'rM h'n . e/t ;/ gfk+ kfn+ kfM ;xnx lhld;+ ofgf . lskf, ;Flskf, ;M cflb /]s8{, gfk+ Rjou' Hof ofgf . yMt dfu' Gog]sg] ofgf Hof l;wn . cno\ dufMdrfMu'of nflu xfsg+ sfo{ If]q jg] wsfM :jDx k'rM j e/t ;/ j gfk+ rfMXo"jgf . jo\sMlkG; Sogf Ao"lk+ :yflgo JolQmt gfk+ dfMu' ;+sng ofo\t ;xnx ofgfano\ 5' cg'ej h'n wfM;f pld;+ laOu' ;"r+ Dxf] hs tfn . cy] h'of j x] k|s[ltof hfqfofu' yMu' yfo\of Aoxf]/f sgls ltlg pld; g+ pldu' hfqfofaf/] vF sgfxOu' h'n . yy] lh+ 5' cg'ej ofgf wf;f 5'+ ljifoof af/]o

Gog] dfn wf;f j x] k|s[ltofjf/o\ yDx l;sf jf :o'u' vF sg wf;f pld;+ g+ vF sg]t ck'Ou' h'ofRj+u' vg] b' . yy] h'n ls yMu' g+ pld;+ l;of k|rf/ h''Mof x] cg yy] vlg;f, yg lhldyfo cy] dv', yy] wsfM z'? ofOu' h'ofRjg .

Yj x] ‰jno\ nFo n;+ u'l7of/ afMlk+, Kofv+DjMt, /]8qm;of lhNnfdGqL gfk+ vFNxfjnf ofgfM ;ltb]jLof 5\o+ ktg h"u' yfo\ u'+of b'g] Sjo\nfMu' af/f0fl:f wfd wOu' ;'Gb/ k|fs[lts yfo\ :jofM nFo ljro vg]b'u' tfdfsf]zL, plsof kf/Lof j:tL j nF cno\ nMˆjlgu' VoM :jof lnxf jof . cg;+ Rj+lk :yfgLo dg"to\u' u'+Ejo cjnf]sg ofgf lqk'/f;'Gb/L bz{g ofgfM cg;+ x] Gog]sg] ofgfRjlk+ d]lk+ kf;f k'rM gfk+ lnxf jof . nFo xfsg 5Dx yfld hfltofs] g]g] sg] ofgf, kf;f /fhof sf;fof jf/] Gog]sg] ofMu'ln+ lta ljof . d:t, tlwsMlkg]u' :yflgo sf;f lDxtsf ;+lskf sof axlg lvpF lvpF wfo\sf sf]5]{ Rj+u' ehg d08no b'xfjgf . ehg ;DjlGw Gog]sg] ofgfM af¥x df;of Do] xfu' Gogf . cg; Rj+u' k'nf+u' Do];km'of lskf sof axlg lnxf+ jof . a]nL ofgfM xfsg+ d]u' Sjyfo' lgDx vftfo, lgDx vftfSjo kfn+kfM Bgf . Bg] GXoM ;/lk+ Rjgflbu' sf]7fo\ bSj kf;flk+ b'xf+jgf sGx] Hof l;wo\sf sfln~rf]s jlgu' nf wsfM ;Nnfx ofgfano\ axlg jf jofRju', u'ln+ kf;flk+ j ;/ jg]dkm'lk+ g+ b'u'ln djlgu' a? d~h'>L w}u' yf;o\ jg]u' SjMl5gfu' h'n . xfsg+ Bg]t ;gfano\ nIdL zf]ef Ajf+ Ajf+ emfofM Kofv+ Nx'of Gx]Ok's]u' wsfM ;tM emfn . jgfM Tofg'dh'tNn] Do], Kofv+ x'nfu' h'n . sGx] s'Gx' ;'yo\ bSj d'gf zfGts[i0f ;/of cu'jfOno\ d~h'>L yfxf jgf . ljro Rj+u' u'F b[Zo cflbof jf/] vF Go+Go+ cg Yo+sf ljleGg Hofofjf/] Gog]sg] ofgfM lskf, ;+l+skf sof lnxfFjof Hog ofgfu' h'n . lnkf ;fd"lxs ?k+ e|d0f 6f]lnofkfv]+ Ujfxfln ofMlk+ k'rM j bf]nvfldlkGt z'efo\ laOu' j josMlkG;+ g+ xg]axlkGt ;Ddfg ofOu' wsfM jgf . lkof lkof Hof‰jM ofsg dGXofM . tfM O{ ts lkof bSj d'gfM z'? ofou'

Ono\ bSjl;u' kl/ro Hof‰jM l;wo\ ;ftls t;Ss+ x] jf jn . lnkf xfsg+ Ajg]s''yL Hof‰jM ofgfM e|d0f 6f]lnof gfof] t'N;Lnfn, /fhgnfnoft xg]u' Hof joslkG;+ oft wfM;f ld;f k'rM j ldh+ k'rMkfv]+ ;DalGwt bSjl;t ;'efo Gjr' ljof . joslkGt g+ xg]u' HofM ofgf Gjr' GogfM axgL lnxfF jofano\ ts g+ jf jofRj+u' vM . knv lbgfRjgfano\ Do]xfnf Kofv+ x'n]u' wof, Do] xfMjno t]hjltof DXofdrf ;;'+ æKofv+ x'Ot lht 7'nf] 7fpF dfnÆ wfMjno bSj x] Xjf////f+ lGxn . knv hfosf jfMlby]+ dRjgf jfFbfos bfos x] lnxf jgfano l;De' Yo+jno jf sd hs ju' h'n . cg Rjlk+ :yflgo lkG;+ lzj/fqLof pknIfo kfMnUjof dxfBf]of cf/fwgf ofgfM ldRofsf ehg ofgfRj+u' vgf . cg jgfu' nf cg y]g] ;ftls x] k|;fb Ogflan . go\ lkTofgfRj+u' Ono\ cg Yo+lk+ bSjl;g gn . cno ehgof tfno\ Kofvg+ x'of . lnkf t]hjtL j lh+ lgk' :jk' ehg ofgfM lnxfjof a]nL ofgf Bgf . xfsg+ lDxuM y]+ t' Do] xfnf Kofv+ x'Ou' wsfM ;tMjn . pldyfo\ jgfu' nf bSj no\no\ tftf+ Do] xfnf Kofv+ x'nfRjg . plkgfk+ Kofv+ x'nfM Rjgfjno kf;f ljho emfof jo\sMoft d;t';] lDxuM Kofv+ x'n wsfM wfn . lhld;+ dflkm ˆjgf, p7j; ofgf, t/ josM nodtfM u'ln no\tflst :jof no\dtfM lh+ tk'ln k'Osf lGxs]t :jof+ g+ dlGxn josg+ tk'ln jfF5\jof lbn . 5'ofo\ 5'ofo\ h'n . co\;fg+ bSjl;g+ Do] xfnf Kofv+ x'n]u' Hof h'n . GXofOk's x] bSj bSj Kofv+ g+ x'nf Do] xfnf dgf]/~hg ofgf .

sg] s'Gx' lh+ o+sfu' go\u' elt j ehg ;km" bf]nvfofDx e/t ;/ j d]Dx 5Dx ;/oft ljof . wGojfb ljof ljbf sof jo\To+jno jo\sMlk+ bSj a;o\ emfof vfbf Sjvfo\sf le+–offqfof sfdgfofgfM ljbfO ofgflbn . lnxf+ jof rl/sf]6 Yo+sf led]Zj/ gu/kflnsfo\ jgf gLl/If0f ofgfM dfMu' ;'r+ sof lnxfjof . xfsg+ d"9] Yo+sf ;fSs Hog ofgf knv lnkf lnxfjof . t'N;L ;/of cf1fg';f/ ljro\ Yo+sf s'xfjof bSjl;u' lskf sofu' h'n . j x] Ono\ 6s:jf+ oSj XjMu' vgfM l;df lnSsM jgf lskf sofano\ efh' If]qk|tfkofu' æd t nflnu'/f+z

eo5'Æ wfu' Do] clts+ x] ;fGble{s tfn . a;o\ xfsg+ Njfk'dh'Os t/ w]sfaflh h'Os dl;s df]afOno\ Do] :j+:j+ bf]xf]/L Do] xfxf+, vfl8rf}/ Yo+sfM dfMdfMu' ;fdfg GofgfM lnxf+jof .

æbf]nvf e|d0fÆ   5u' n'dGtL

— ;lagf zfSo

 g]kfM b]ofu' k'j{kfv] hgsk'/ c+rncGtu{t bf]nvf lhNnfo\ nfu' sl/a @!)) ju{ lsnf]ld6/ If]qkmn b'u' 5u" k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{tf+ hfMu' j wfld{s dxTj+ hfMu' k|flrg yfo\ vM æbf]nvfÆ. Yj yfo\ o]+ g+ !#% ls=ld= k"j{ nfMu' 5u' lxdfnL e]uof yfo vM . lxdfnL e]uo\ nfMu'ln+ ofgf ygofu' df};d eltrf Vjfp+;] Rj+ . cn] ygofu' jftfj/0f t;s+ :jR5 j 5rfv]/+ kxf8+ rflxsf Rj+u' h'ofM k|fs[lts b[Zot t;s+ af+nfSs vg]b' . df};d ;kmf h'ano\ eltrf thfMyfo\ jgfM :jnM wf;f ygofu' k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{tf+ cfslif{t dh'Olk+ bOdv' . cn] Yj yf;o\ d'Voofgf g]jfMto\u' jfx'Notf b'u' vg]b' . cy];fg+ yg yfdLt, s':n] jf ;fxL hftoflk+ dg"t g+ RjgfRj+u' vg]b' .  Yj yfo\ofu' d'Vo cfsif{0fofu' s]Gb|ljGb' wofu' yg b'u' æbf]nvf leGBf]Æ vM . Yj wfld{s ?k+ b]Go+s k|l;4u' yfo\ h'of yfo\yf;+ bz{g ofo\t jOlk+ bz{gfyL{t oSsf] vg]b' . gfk+ yg lqk'/f;'Gb/L, sflnGrf]s b]uM j jfns'df/Lofu' b]uM, oSsf] r}Tot g+ b'u'ln+ gfk+ yg hfqf kj{t g+ ljleGg k|sf/ofu' b'u'ln+ Yj yfo\ wfld{s ?k+ dxTjk'0f{u' yfo\ vM, cn] yg uf}/L z+s/ lxdfn g+ afnfSs vg]b' . cy]h'of Yj wfld{s j k|fs[lts ?k+ ;'Gb/u' yf;o\ jfx\o gfkgfk+ cfGtl/s ko{6st g+ oSsf] jMu' vg]b' . yy] af+nfMu' yfo\ j ljljwtf b'u' sf/0f+ ofgfM j 5u' g]jfMto\u' jfx'Notf b'u' yfo\ g+ h'ofMlhld;+ yu' cWoog ofo\u' lznlznfo\ yg oSsf] ljifot n'Os] kmO j yMu' cWoog Hofo ;kmn h'O kmO wOu' cf;+ j lzIfs ju{lklgu' ;'emfjsy+ g]kfnefiff ljifoo\ Pd=P= tlu+ Ajg]t joflk+ Gxfkf+u' bFoflk+ lhlk+ AjldlkG;+ yMu' z}lIfs e|d0f bf]nvfo\ x] ofo\u' lg0f{o ofgfM ;Ssn] Ajldlk+; 5u" 5u" ljifo NoofM tof/L ofgf .

yhfu' k|fs[lts j wfld{s ?k+ dxTjk'0f{u' yf;o\ lhlk+ sl/a :jLDx lt Aj+ldlk+ gfk+ lemDxlt lzIfst z}lIfs e|d0fofu' nflu ldlt @)^( ;fn kmfu'0f @% ut] z'qmjf/ v'Gx' ;'yo\

bf]nvfof nflu k|:yfg ofgf . oSsf] bFlnkf yy] kf;flk+ j u'?af u'?df+lk+ gfk+ rfFXo' jg] bofM lh t;s+ no\tfM jM . cy]h'ofM ;'y Gxfkf+ lh yMu' 5]Fofu' Hof ofsg+ ofsg+ l;wo\sf xyfo\rfof SofDk;o\ &M)) ah] Yo+sjof . cgx] ;sn]+ kf;flk+ j u'?afM u'?df+lk+ d'g] w'+sfM sl/a *=#) ah]lt lhldu' a; bf]nvf jg]t Gx\of+t . lhlk ;sn]+ 5u" Gx'u' cg'ej d'g]t jgfM Rjgfu'ln+ ;sn]+ t;s+ excited  vg]b' . ufl8 Gx\of+ jgfRjg j ;sl;+of cg jgfM 5'5' ofo\u' wOu' ljifono\ 5nkmn ofof+, ukm ofof+ j gfk+ Do] xfnf t:;s+ Gx\ofOk'Ss yMu' ofqfo\ lhlk+ Gx\of+jgf . on+ Vjk, ;f+uf, ag]kf, w'lnv]n, kf+rvfn h'h"+ bf]nfn3f6, vf+bLrf}/ h'ofM yf;o\ yf;o\ lbsfM Rof, hf gof lGxg]l;of sl/a $=)) ah] lt lhlk+ Gx\ofOk'u' yfo\ bf]nvfo\ Yog . Gx\ofOk':;] Rj+u' jftfj/0fo\ ofqf ofo\ b'u'ln+ ^, & 306f tfxfsMu' ofqf SjrfMu' x] drfM . yf;o\ Yog] ;ft yMlk+ Rjg]t jGbf]j:t ofgftMu' yf;o\ yMu' ;fdfg lbsfM knv cf/fd ofgf RjRj+ cg lhldu' cWoogoft Ujfxfln ofo\t tTk/ h'oflblk+ cgof $, % Dx jfl;Gbft lhldt gfknfM emfn . jo\sMlk+ gfk knv vFNxfaNxf ofgfM lhlk+ u|'k u|'k 5'6] ofgfM jo\sMlklgu' No"No" jgf . cgofu' yLyL yfo\jfo\, ps]ofu' dxTj, cgofu' hgljZjf;t gfk+ cg j;f]jf; ofgfRj+lk+ dg"t gfk+ vFNxfaNxf ofof+, Oldu' af/o\ hfgsf/L sfsf+, ljleGg ls+jbGtLt Go+Go+ Gx\of+ jj+ Bf] Vo'+;] Rj+u' x] drfo\s lhlk+ ;Ssn]+ rfMlxnf . yg rflxnfano\ lhtM ygoflk+ dg"t t:;s+ ;/n, ;f]emf j Ujfxfln ofo\t tTk/ h"lk+, gfk+ d]xgtL tfof . ;Ssl;g+ lhld;+ Gogfu' x/]s k|Zgoft ofpFs yfs'drf;], emsf]{ drf;] GXofOk'Ss sgflbn . y's]+ofgfM lhlk+ ;sn]+ emg pT;flxt h'n . vFNxfaNxfofu' qmdo\ ygoflk+ g]jfMto\;+ Nxfu' efo\ lj:tf/+ Gog wf;fM y'Os] km" t/ o]F, ono\ Nxfo\u' g]jfMefo\ :jof+ eltrf kfM . ps]+ ygofu' g]jfMefiffo\ yMu' x] df}lnskgf vg]b' . yy] rfMx\o"x\o"+ axgL h'Osf lhlk+ yM Rjgfu' xf]6no\ lnxf+ jof, hf go\  l;wo\;ft+ b\ogf 5\jof .

       sGx\ov'Gx' ;'yGxfkf+ bgf tof/ h'of . wfld{s cf:yfofu' sf/0f+ lhlk+ kf;flk+ 5u' u|'k d'gfM bf]nvf leGBf]

bz{g ofMjgf . bz{g ofgfM lnxf+ jofMRof TjgfRj+Rj+ cg lhldt Ujfxfln ofOlk+ bfOlk+ ÷ lshflk+ Yo+sM emfn . cn] yMyMoft AjynftMu' ljifosy+ u|'lkË ofgfM yMu' l/;r{ofu' Hof ofo\t Gx\of+ jgf . u'?afMlk+, l/;f];{ k;{glk+ gfk+ 5nkmn ofgfM ljleGg 6f]n6f]n rfMlxnf, ljleGg dg"to\s] yMofu' dgo\ jMu' Gx\o;Mt tof, cn] Old;+ Jo"u' hjfkmt l6kf]6 ofgf xof .  cWoogof lznlznfo\ lhld;+ ygof ljifo oSsf] x] Gx"Gx'u' vF l;n . ygof ljleGg 6f]nof gf+, cy]x] ygofu' hfqf, ;+:s[lt, hfthftL cflbto\ af/] oSj 1fg sfo\kmt .

       cWoog qmdo\ lhtM ænf]sf]krf/Æ ljifo nfMu''ln+ lh+ ljz]if ygofu' k|fylds pkrf/ k4tL, ygofu' hgljZjf; cflbof af/] ljz]if Wofg laofM Gx\o;Mt tof, ps]of af/] kmQn] oSsf] 1fg d'+s]u' s'tM ofgf .  ps]+ lhtM ygoflk+ j[4lg;]+ d:to\;+ tSs+ yDx+ :o", ofgfM jofRj+u' k4tLt, yMlkG;+ ljZjf; ofgfu' vFt t:;s+ v'zL;fy, yfs'drf;] sgflbn, ps]of nflu jo\sMlk+ ;Ssl;t ;'efo\ dlas+ Rjg] kmOdv' . ygoflk+ cKkf] dg"to\; yf}+ tSs g+ k'nf+u' k4tL uy]sL j}B, wfdL emfs|L, Bf]df Sog]u', emf/km's ofo\u', af}to\u', 5\jf;o\ jfo\u', ljleGg hl8j'6Lt dfnf jf;Mof ?ko\ k|of]u ofo\u', cy]x] 5]+ x] bOu' ;fdfgt 5\o\nf jf;M ofo]u', km+ofkmQn] k|fylds pkrf/+ x] Njo\ n+s]u' ofgfM jofRj+u' b' .  cWoog qmd ;fkx] Gx\ofOk'Ss Sjrfn . yMlk+;+  d'+sfxofu' ljifono\ u'?afM, u'?df+, kf;flk+ln;] 5nkmn ofgf, ps] dufM drfMu' af/] u'?lk+;+ oSsf] ;'emfj laoflbn u's]ofgf yk Ujfxfln h'n . kf;flkG;+ g+ yMlkG;+ Gogfjofu', ylkGt sgfxu' pkrf/ k4tL j jf;Mof ?ko\ 5\olnu' lrhtou' af/] g+ sgflbn . km';{b eltrf btsL cg yMlk+ gfk+ b'lk+ cgof jfl;Gbfto\t Gx\o;Mt tofM yk hfgsf/L sfo\u' s'tM  ofgf . Yjx] qmd+ lgGx'o+s Gx\ofOk'Ss lat]ofgf . jx] qmdo\ lhlk+ lqk'/f;'Gb/L b]uM, yLyL yf;o\ b'u' lrafMBf]t, cy]x] d]lk+ b]jb]jLlk+u' dlGb/ rfx\o'x\o'+, u'an]+ yxf+jgf, u'an]+ Sjfxf+ jgf cgofu' k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{tfofu' /; sfsf+ ljto\ ofgf . cg+ln lnkf ylkGt UjfxfnL ofgflbkL+ ;Ssl;tg+ 5u' jrfw+u' sfo{qmd tof wGojfb JoQm ofgf+ lnxf+ jof . ygoflk+

jfl;Gbfto\;+ yMlkGt Ao'u" cltyL ;Tsf/, ;xof]u j gd| Jojxf/+ ofgfM lhlk+ ;sl;g+ jo\sMlkGt b'g'un+lg;]+ ;'efo\ laof . sGxo\ v'Gx' ;sn] 5u" Gx\ofOk'u' n'dlGt HjgfM yMyMu' 5]Fo+\ lnxf+ jof . ;'efo\ .

nf]sjftf{ bf]nvfo–/ljgf dxh{g

emLu' g]kfnefiff s]Gb|Lo ljefu Pd=P= Gxfkf+u' bF kfv] h'' nf]sjftf{ ;j]{If0f !!## of ‰jno\ bf]nvf jg]u' Hof‰jM h'n . bf]nvfof jftfj/0f yg emLyfo\ o]Fof aftfj/0fl;j+ oSj x] jf+nfM . cgof u'F, a'F v'l; yfo\jfo\ GXofOk';]Rj+ . bf]nvfof efiff, /xg;xg, k]zf, wd{, snf, ;+:s[t yfo\jfo\of yMu' x] kxofu' Dx;Lsf b' . yMu' bf]nvf g]jfMefo, k/Dk/f, ;+:s[lt j d"No dfGotf cfMts GXofsfjofRj+u' blg . cgof yfo\, efo\, ;+:s[lt j k/Dk/fof cWoo\\g t;s+ x] cMk'n . yL yL sfo{qmd+ oSj x] vFt ;Ls]u' df}sf r"nft . k|l;4 led]Zj/ dlGb/-bf]nvf led;]g_of bz{g bt . cy]x] cgof yfoyf;o\ b'u' b]uMt–kz'klt, jgf/;, :joDe", d~h'>L, lqk'/f;'Gb/L, gf/fo0fyfgof bz{g ofMjgf . bf]nvf+ u0f]z lxdfn, tfdfsf]zL v'zL, rl/sf]6 ;b/d"sfd j u'F, a'Ft t;s+ x] af+nfs vg] b' . Yjx] ns;+ bf]nvf yfo\ clt GXofOk';] Rj+u' yfo\ h'u' b' .

bf]nvfof e|d0f afFnf–;ldgf >]i7

lj=;+=@)^(.!!.@% ut] z'qmjf/ s'Gx' lhlk+ Gxfkf+u' bFof Ajld bSj nf]sjftf{of ljifo cGtu{t Practicalof lglt+ bf]nvf e|d0f jMlgu' HofvF h'n . y'u' e|d0fof d" p2]Zo vM cgof nf]s

k|bz{gsnf, ef}lts ;+:s[lt j ;fdflhs, cfly{s j ef}uf]lns cj:yfof jf/] kmof+kmSj hfgsf/L sfo\u' vM .

z'qmjf/ ;'yo\ & tf Ono bSj Ajldlk+, lzIfslk+ sn]ho\ e]nf h'ofM s/La ( ah] ofqf z'? h'n . nFof hj+ vj+ ;'Gb/ b[Zo, bf]nvfof ;kmfu' kmo\, w'Fjf w'nf] d'Qm jftfj/0f vg]b'ano o]Fof k|b'lift, sf]nfxnk"0f{, :jlguM oft x] nf]dgfjg . wfTy+] :ju{o\ jg] y]+ h'n . cno\ ufl8O b'g] Funny Jokes, Fun ukm cno /fh;/of vL, Njo\ cflbof 1fg hs dv';] d+b'y] ofu' ukm, Gxfkfofu' 36\gfof hfgsf/L cno\ t'n;L ;/of k'nf+u' g]kfn efiffof Do], ;'/Iff e;]{; zf]efnIdLof cGtfIf/L cflb g+ &÷* 306fof ufl8of ofqf uy] ofgfM l;wn l;s] dkm' . uGtJo :yn bf]nvfo\ uy] Yog dl;n .

bf]nvf Yo+sfM lhldt cgof uGodfGo AolQm zfGts[i0f >]i7 , e/t >]i7, cflb gfk+ kl/ro h'n . cno\ josM gfk+ bf]nvf ufF rfMXo"jgfu' h'n . Dx, dl:tis Tofg';f+ bf]nvf rfMlxn]u' nf]e+ Tofg'u' x] tgfjg . bSj kf;flk+ gfk+ j:tL rfMXo' jgf . bf]nvfof Oltxf;, cgof /xg;xg, efo, jf:t'snf, ;+:s[ltof jf/] dfn] kmSj dfnf . jx] l;nl;nfo\ cg Rj+u' dlR5Gb|gfy hfqf, Gofo\sLu' vF Gogfu' nf lhtM knv crDd j rlst h'n . 5fowf;f a'+uBMof hfqf nf o]F, ono\ hs GofosLu' wsfM :o'u' vM . yg jof lhu' Yj Misconcept g+ kl/jt{g h'n . ygof dlR5Gb|gfyof hfqfof /y g+ !# tNnfof bosLu' cno\ cg Rj+u' yfxf jg]u' Sjxf jg]u' kfMrf b'u' nFo hfqf ofou' wsfM nf uy] ofgfM cHofu' tw+u' /y ;fnf hfqf ofOu' wsfM cfZro{ h'n . lnkf vF GoGo+ jgfano\ !# tNnfof !# l/+uof s/La !.!÷@ tNnfof Lengthof /y kf} hfqf ofOu' wsfM l;n .

lgGx' b'v'Gx xfsg+ lhlk+ yMyu' ljifo uy] ls gvMrvMof ljifo cGt{ut Resource Person gfknfMjgf . josMofs] kmof+kmSj gvMrvMof af/]o\ hfgsf/L sof, cno\ lnkf cgof :yflgo jfl;Gbfofs] gvMrvMof af/] hfgsf/L ;+sng ofgf . jx] lznl;nfo\ 5Dx ld;fofs]

GXo;M ln;M ofgfano-cGtjftf{ sofjno\_ jo\sMofu' bTof b'Dx drfoft rsn]t laof . cno\ jof df+g+ bf]nvfnL efo æwGojfb wfÆ wsfM wof :ogfJo"u' tfof . lhtM 5u' 36\gf n'dlGt jn . bf]nvf jg] lgGx' GXoM sn]h+ lnxf+jofano\ nFo\ 5Dx HofyM jof 5o\oft rsn]t lan . cno\ j drfoft Thank you wfn cno\ j+ drfoft Thank You wfM wsf :ogfRj+u' vM . aHo] y]+ HofDx dg" yu' efiffk|ltof ljt[i0ff j yu' efif+ Gx'u' Generation oft g+ :og]dfu' w}u' 1fg ygRj+lk+ dg"tot yMu' efo\of l;j+ cfofltt efo\ c+u|]hL k|lt nufj Gx"u' Generationoft efiff, snf, ;+:s[ltk|lt ljb]zL ;+:s[lt efo\ z}nL Hj+u' j bf]nvfo\ k'nf+u' k":tf+ Jo"u' ;fx; vgfM lhtM wfTy]+ b'Mv tfn . Feelings b'g'un+lg;] x] Ajngfjn .

lgisif{o\ bf]nvf e|d0f oSj x] 1fgd'ns cno GXofOk'u' e|d0f h'n, cno\ Gx"u' yf;o\ rfMXo'jgfu' cj;/ j yfo\jfo\of hfgsf/L sfou' cj;/ g+ ldn]h'n . yHofu' e|d0f lnkf lnkf g+ h'OdfM .

yy]x] e|d0f+ Practical Course of Score ofu' lglt+ hs dv' Gx"u' yfo\of jf/] hfgsf/L sfo\u' hs g+ dv';] cem friends gfk+ cem Strong j 3lgi6tf j ;DjGw g+ ljsf; h'Ou' v . Dxd:o"lk+ JolQm Dxl;s]u' d:o"lk+Gt ;Ls]u' pldu' Close relation develop ofo\u' z'e cj;/ g+ vM . yhfMu' lsl;dof e|d0fof lnRjM t;s+ x] af+nfM h" .

sfe|]of kZynL of ;'Gtnf– lbns'df/L dxh{g

yf}+l;j] v'bF GXoM df3 dlxgf lhld 5Dx kf;f+ lhld lglgofu' 5]F ;'Gtnf gjlgu'nf wsf 5u' GXo; Gog]j+ lh Ho' wsf wof . zlgjf s'Gx' lhlk+ lgDx+ kf;flk+ kf;fof lglgofyfo\ ;'Gtnf gjlgu' wsf kf;f+ jof afofs] Go+ano\ plndl5 tfkfyfo\ lgDxrf ld:t g+ jlgu'nf wsf AjM Ao"uln+ kf;f sflG5Dx lglg g+

lhlk+gfk+ jOu' h'n . lhlk+ :jDx kf;fof lglgkfh'of ufl8O jlgu' lg0f{oh'n .

lh+ kf;foft lemlk+ lgDxhs jlgano\ DxfOk';] Rjlg wsf d]lk+ lgDx kf;flkGt g+ wfou' wsf wfoj+ j+ Ho" wsfn . lh 5Dx kf;foft kmf]g ofgf j+ g+ Ho" wfn . cno\ j+ g+ d]Dx 5Dx kf;foft kmf]g ofgf jg+ Ho' jo wfn . d'Ss+ lhlk+ GofDx kZynL jlgu' vF Sjl5gf . lht rfXo'jlgu' wfnls r5\5L x] GXoM jOdv' . pv's'Gx' g+ yy]x] h'n . ;'yo\ lvp+ano\ x] lh bgf kf;fofu' 5]F jgf, cgnf ;'Fx] bFx] dblg vlg . lh+ joft ;tf ygf lhlk+ :jDx ufl8O Rjgf . lgDx kf;f lk+ Yo+s dj . cno\ lh+ kf;foft kmf]g ofgfjno\ lhlk+ jof Rjgfu' b' wfn . cy] wfjno\ a|fO6 ˆo'r/ :s'no\ Yog] w'+s'u' ufl8 lbsf n+lkof, knv lnkf plk+ g+ Yo+sjn .

kf;fof lglg ufl8O GXoMg] Rj+u' l;6\o Rjg, lhlk+ k]Dx vfrfot Vj/oM s'g] y]+ g]kfn 6]lnsdofu' ufl8ofu' lnpg] Rjgf . lhlk GXofOk';] Rj+u' Do] xfnf, SjfM sgf jj+ kf;fofu' lglgof 5]F Yo+u' nf rf x] drf . lhlk+ cemnf lhlk ug jg] Togfu' wsf g+ d:o"y]+ tfn . lh y'lnhs :o"ls lh kf;fof lgLgofyfo\ ;'Gtnf g jg] Togfu' . lhlk+ cg Yo+sf kf;fof lglgofs] Go+ano ltlg lh j kfl;lk+ Yo+u' yfo kZynL Yo+u' vlg;f wsf em;+u jg . pln 5]Ft g d?u' yfo, 5vf lgvf hs 5]F b', ;'Gtnfof 3f/Lhs, lhlk+ cg jgf oSj x] GXofOk'n, j GXofOk's'u' If0f lh+ u'ano\ g] Njd+sf Njd+s]kmO y] dRj+ . lhlk+ cg Yo+sf Gxfkf+ EfRrf Tofg' n+sf cno\ ;'yo\ h';f+ ;'Gtnf g+ gof, ;'Gtnf vf]nf Vjft'u' h'of dgsfdgfof ;'Gtnfy]+ pln d;f . lhlk+ Rof Tjgf xfsg+ knv lnkf hf gof ;'Gtnf 3f/L rfXo"jgf . oSj ;'Gtnf bof nf g+ d:o" 5uM lgu vfgf g;f ;'gfg+ Aj laOdv' vlg . lhlk+ ;'Gtnf gof kmf]6f] sof GXofOk'sf Rjgf . lskf sfo\u' ‰jno em/gfo\ jgf sfjgfu' Ono Njxto\ r'n'of em08} sf]o\ v'lz s't'jg]To+u', xtkt+ kf;f+ Hjgf ;fnfsfu'ln+ s't'+djg t'ltRj+u' dfOnf klt+rf ds]{h'n .

lhlk+ emgf{, v'zL, h+un bSjM rflxnf lskf sof GXofOk'sf . cno lnxfjg]t lglgofs] labfsfjgf . cg bSj kl/jf/ gfk+ RJfgf lskf g+ sof . nFo ;'Gtnf g g+ x'+ wsf kf;fof lglgg+ 5u' dl5 emf]nf ;'Gtnf tof ljofxn . lhlk+ cg + lnxfjof klGt kfj/ xfp; j lemlgbFof ds/ d]nfh'Oyfo\ b]uno rflxnf lskft sof\ oSj x] GXofOk'sf cg+ kGtL j;kfs{+ o]+ jO{u' a;o\ Rjgf jof . lhlk+ j;o\ g ;'Gtnf j s's'/] gof Do] xfnf GXofOk'sf jofano nf+ o]+ ofsg x] Yo+ y] tfn . a;kf{so\ Sjfjo\ w'+sf yfgsf]6 jlgu' a;o Rjgf . yg :s'no\ vF Nxf+ Nxf+ Do] xfF xf+ lGxnf lGxnf jofRjgfu'nf a; 9'+uf c8\8fo Yo+ano PSsf;L j; lbs'ano\ lhlk+ cHh' rfn . lkg] :jofu'nf 5u 6«s+ df]6/;fOsnoft 7Ss/ gsf ld;f 5Dx l;gfRj+u' vg . gsltgL x] b'3{6gfo nfu' y] Rj+ . lh j b[Zo+ lhu' ldvfo\ VjaL ju' jofx] drfn, cy];f+ g'uoft lrgf ;'+s RjgfRjgf, kf;lkG;+ g yhfu' 36\gf lGx+y+ x] h'ofRjlg lem;+ lrGtf sof 5'x] h'Odv' wsf wfn . cg lnkf knv ufl8 hfd h'n, cno lhlk+ Rjgfu' a; g+ GXoftM ufl8O x] j b[Zo :jof lhlk+ r'krfk Rjgf . g}sfko\ bSj kf;flk+ Sjxfjof, axgL lvp;] Rjg] w'+s'u'nL lht lji0f'b]jL dlGb/ ts kf;flkG;+ t jn, cno\ bSj kf;flk+ yyu' 5] lnxfjg . lh 5]+ jof lh+ l;nsL 5]+lnSs RjDx bfOoft lnkfnfsf ju' df]6/;fOnsoft 6«s+ 7Ss/ gsf Yj 36\gf h'u' vlg . josoft g+ 6«s 7Ss/ gs'u' vlg . josofu' bzf af+nfgf df]6/;fOsn n+of l;y] Ujt'nf df]6/;fOsn hs :og vlg;f . sg]v'Gx Yj 36\gf j lhu' klt+ ds]{h'of :s'no x] jg] dkm't . cftSsM g+ lht 9'+uf c8\8fo Yogls jx] 36\gf n'dgf Uofgf Rjlg . Yj ofqf cftSs g+ lhu' ldvfo\ j 36\gf n'dgfRjg, n'dgfRjg M .