DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 322 350 CE 055 466

TITLE Business Education Curriculum. Revised.INSTITUTION Alaska State Dept. of Education, Juneau. Div. of

Adult and Vocational Education.PUB DATE 87NOTE 108p.; For the 1985 edition, see ED 266 251.PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use - Guides (For Teachers) (052)

FDRS PRICE MF01/PC05 Plus Postage.DESCRIPTORS *Business Communication; *Business Education;

*Business Skills; Clerical Occupations; Competence;*Competency Based Education; Course Content; CourseDescriptions; *Curriculum Development; EducationalPlanning; *Educational Resources; ProgramDevelopment; Secondary Education; State CurriculumGuides; Teaching Methods; Vocational Education

IDENTIFIERS *Alaska

ABSTRACT

This revised curriculum gives information on theskills and knowledge students should acquire through a businesseducation program. The competencies listed reflect *he skills thatemployers see as necessary for success in clerical and accountingoccupations. The handbook is organized in seven sections that coverthe following: (1) the concept of competency-based curriculum and therole of vocational educators in curriculum planning, implementation,and evaluation; (2) the scope, seque.....1e, and hierarchy of business

education competencies; (3) competencies and tasks for employabilityskills and skills in the areas of keyboarding, the free enterprisesystem, financial management, word processing, businesscommunications,.general office, recordkeeping/accounting, andbusiness management; (4) course descriptions to assist schooldistricts in developing their vocational programs; (5) a curriculumanalysis matrix to be used in determining competencies for specificbusiness education courses; (6) a sample skills card for evaluatingand recording student progress; and (7) informat'on on resources andspecific materials available in Alaska and the of the nation.(KC)

Reproductions supplied by EMS are the best that can be madefrom the original ocument.

onurriculum

U & DEPARTMENT Of EDUCATIONOffice f Educational Research and Improvement

EOU ATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATIONCENTER (ERIC)

ThIl document hes been reproduced asreceived from the person or organizationonginating it

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"PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THISMATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY

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TO THE EDCTIONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."

Alaska Department of Educationrevised 1987

MIla

BusinessEducationCurriculum

0

Steve Cowper, Governor

Developed by the...

ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAdult and Vocational Education

William Demmert, Commissioner

Karen Rya Is, Acting Director for Vocational Education

This publication was prepared with the support of U.S.Department of Education funds under the VocationalEducation Act as amended 1976, PL 94-482. Copiesare available from the Alaska Department of Education,Adult and Vocational Education, Alaska VocationalMaterials Library, Box F, Juneau, Alaska 99811, (907)465-2980. This publication may be duplicated.

Alaska Department of Educationrevised 1987

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The Alaska Department of Education is an equalopportunity employer and will not discriminate inDepartment employment, supervision, practices,services or educational programs on the basis of race,religion, color, national origin, age, sex, handicap,marital status, changes in marital status, pregnancy,parenthood, veteran's disability or political affiliation.

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Table ot Contents

Foreword i

A c k n o w ! e d g e m e n t s I I I

I. Introduction to Competency-Based Curriculum

Competency-Based Curriculum 1

Curriculum Delivery Systems 2Role of Instructor in Curriculum Planning,Implementation, and Evaluation 3

II. Program Development 7

Hierarchy of Business Education Competencies 8

II I. Competencies and Tasks

Employability Skills 11Keyboarding 19Free Enterprise System 23Financial Management 31Word Processing 39Business Communications 45General Office 53Recordkeeping/Accounting 59Business Management 65

IV. Course Descriptions 73

V. Curriculum Analysis Matrix 79

VI. Sample Skills Card 95

VII. Suggested Resources 99

This curriculum handbook is a revision and update of the Business Education Curriculumdeveloped by the Alaska Department of Education in 1985. The advent of new technologyin the workplace has altered thrs skills and compelencies students must have in order toeffectively work in clerical and accounting occupations. This revised curriculum givesinformation on the skills and knowledge students should acquire through a businesseducation program. The competencies listed reflect the skills which employers see asnecessary for success in clerical and accounting occupations. This handbook emphasizescompetencies students need, and provides educators with flexibility to develop their ownprograms to incorporate those competencies.

The handbook is organized in seven sections:

Section I introduces the concept of competency-based curriculum. The role ofvocational educators in curriculum planning, implementation, and evaluation is alsoincluded.

Section II provides the scope, sequence, and hierarchy of business educationcompetencies.

Section HI presents the curriculum. lt includes the competencies and tasks forbusiness education instruction.

Section IV contains course descriptions to assist school districts in developing theirvocational programs.

Section V contains the curriculum analysis matrix to be used in determiningcompetencies to be included in specific business education courses.

Section VI contains a sample skills card for evaluating and recording student progress.

Section VII lists information on resources and specific materials available in Alaskaand the rest of the nation.

It is recommended that all students participate in career awareness and explorationexperiences to help them understand the connection between school and work and makecareer plans.

i

Acknowledgements

Special appreciation is expressed to Susan Sloan Doherty of The Northern Institute whocoordinated the preparation and completion of this publication, and to Carin Smolin andRichard Steele of the Southeast Regional Resource Center, who analyzed and updated thecompetencies needed for business education programs.

Appreciation must also be expressed to the task force of educators who helped to developthe original Business Education Curriculum in 1985:

Linda Green Karen HagglundNome Seitz School West Valley High School

Sylvia HughesAnderson School

Gay Serve laPalmer High School

Sharon Weatherford Jolene WorkmanRocky Mountain High School Tanana Valley Community College

Kent WegenerPetersburg High School

Thanks also go to the National Network for Curriculum Coordination in Vocational andTechnical Education (NNCCVTE) and participating states for providing resource materialswhich improved the quality of this handbook and saved months of work.

Finally, Verde!! Jackson, Curriculum Specialist for the Office of Adult and VocationalEducation, must be recognized for participating in every step of the handbook'sdevelopment and for ensuring that it is a model Alaskan curriculum of the highest quality.

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Karen Rya IsActing DirectorOffice of Adult and Vocational EducationAlaska Department of EducationJuly 1987

Competency-Based Curriculum

Vocational education should be directed toward the skills, knowledge, and attitudes neededfor successful employment. Changes in technology are affecting the job requirements inbusiness education. Such changes require business educators to continually update theircurriculum in order to prepare students for competition in the job market.

An effective method for delivering vocational education is through a competency-basedcurriculum. This curriculum is based on a task analysis of the key occupations inbusiness. Once a competency-based curriculum is set in place, student performance mustbe measured on levels of proficiency In those competencies. Thus, the critical features ofcompetency-based education are:

1) validating competencies to be included in the curriculum; and2) evaluation of student competency levels.

This curriculum handbook sets direction for local curriculum developers. It provides aframework for developing courses of study and lesson plans in local schools.

Curriculum Based On Competencies

Competence refers to the adequate performance of a task. The task may be evaluatedaccording to the performance or process, the product, or both.

Competency-Based Vocational Education consists of programs that derive their contentfrom the tasks performed in each occupationfjob and assess student performance on thebasis of preset performance standards.

Learning materials define the competencies the student Is to learn, the criteria by whichthe student will be evaluated, and the conditions under which the evaluation will occur.

Competency-based instruction places emphasis on the ability to do, as well as on learninghow and why. Student performance and knowledge are individually evaluated against thestated criteria, rather than against group norms.

The competency process utilizes a checklist of attitudes, knowledge and skills that arecommonly needed by entry-level employees in business.

Student Performance Assessment

A curriculum becomes competency-based when students are assessed on the basis of theircompetence. Sample skill cards are provided in this guide for teachers who wish to usethem in assessing the competency levels of their students. The card has four levels ofproficiency which allow continued development of skills. The card can be used to monitorstudent° erogress as they move between business classes, between teachers and gradelevels and between school and work. The completed skills card Is an Important part of aplacement portfolio when students begin their Job searches.

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Curriculum Delivery Systems

Yasallonal.SludwilAas

Some of the competencies in this curriculum guide cannot be fully met in traditionalclassroom and lab settings. The Office Eduaation Association (OEA) is a delivery systemwhich can be integrated into the regular school program. Human relations skills as wellas job skills will be enhanced by student participation in OEA. OEA activities shouldcomplement instruction in the claseroom and lab. They should be integrated as acurriculum delivery system and not allowed to become an extracurricular activity.

ressuamillitIMELEastianaCatibb12bItalntha

Some of the competencies identified in this guide cannot be fully developed at a school site.A work station in the community offers realistic experiences in fulfilling the programgoals in career development and human relations. Cooperative Work Experience andOn-the-Job Training offer excellent vehicles for the delivery of instruction. With welldeveloped training plans, teachers and employers can cooperate to prepare students foremployment. Cooperetive Work Experience and On-the-Job Training extend theinstructional program beyond the availability of equipment and instructor time at thelocal school. Teachers and employers must maintain regular communications to assurethat students are receiving a high quality experience.

The Rural Student Vocational Program (RSVP) provides a two-week fulltime workexperience for students from rural areas where job stations are limited or non-existent.

The Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) provides on-the-job experience todisadvantaged youth in both urban and rural areas.

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Role of Instructor in CurriculumPlanning, Implementation andEvaluationThe vocational instructor fulfiffs many roles which include the following responsibilities:

Prepares a written vocational program plan.

Develops and maintains a written program philosophy with objectives that supportthe philosophy.

Maintains a written list of competencies identified as needed for the program rea.

Devises and maintains a classroom management system for implementing thecurriculum materials provided for the program area.

Evaluates the curriculum content periodically to determine curriculum changes andupdates. This includes the involvement of the students (present and former),advisory committee members, and other personnel.

Selects units of instruction and plans lesson plans based on the competencies of theoccupation.

Provides appropriate instructional materials, supplies, and equipment for thestudents to use.

Reviewt the instructional materials to assure that they are free from sex bias and sexrole stereotyping.

Works with an advisory committee.

Assists and/or serves as an advisor to the appropriate student organization related tothe vocational program area.

Plans and arranges an appropriate classroom learning environment. This involvesassisting students of different abilities to work at their own pace and in cases whereremedial instruction is needed, securing additional help for those students.

Reinforces basic skills of reading, communication (written and oral) and computationthrough vocational education experiences.

Helps determine what object/0(s) should be established for handicapped students as apart of the individual educational plan (IEP) development.

Uses a grading procedure that is made available to all students at the beginning of theirtraining.

Sets an example for grooming and dress that is generally found in the occupationalarea in business or industry to enable students to establish appropriate standards.

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BanafilLSIfiharestmadimsedialitgualculum

Competency-based vocational education offers several benefits to students:

1. The competencieertasks are directed to the student and provide measurable criteriafor determining when the student has acquired the necessary knowledge and skir.s.

2. Students receive realistic training for the job. They become competent in tasks thatare relevant to the occupation.

3. Students know what is expected of them throughout the course. The competencies aremade available to them at the onset. They know what they will be doing and how well itmust be done.

4. Each student is individually responsible for completing each competency attempted inthe curriculum.

5. Students are not compared with other students in their accomplishments because eachis expected to work according to his/her individual capabilites and learning style.eecause of the various evaluation policies of different school systems, the ideal of notcomparing students in determining grades is not always possible. However, the basicthrust of the competency-based program is to evaluate each student according tohis/her accomplishment of each task as he/she works up to individual capibility.

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IIProgram

Development

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Program Development

Ths format of this curriculum wes selected to aid administrators and teachers inconcentrating on the skills needed for vocational training. It will assist in selecting thearray of units and the delivery system which fit the school. This provides the flexibilityof varying the course content to include the most valuable skills as appropriate for thescope and sequence. The primary importance is that students are able to secure foundationskills. Schools can vary their delivery systems to maximize student opportunities by:

1. Offaring courses on alternate years or other planned sequences

2. Offering two or more courses in the same class

3. Providing individualized materials and instruction

A matrix is included in this guide for use in planning the courses to be offered and thecontent of each %,ourse.

The following chart shows the hierarchy of business education competencies:

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Hierarchy of Business Education Competencies

/*--- /* / iEmployability Skills Keyboarding Free Enterprise System Rnancid Management

Career Planning Eqi.Ornent Use Economic Roles of: Financial RecordsJob Seeking Proper Technique money Banking ServicesHixnan Relations Proofreading trade CreditWotk Affitudes/EthcsAppearance

Saving and RetrievingInformation

FormattingDocuments

businesmarketingconsumerslabor uniorsgovernment

Investments

\%

/Word Processing

i dortnationProcessing Cycle

Software and EquipmentUse and Maintenance

Work ProceduresDocument SleationDatabase and Graphic

Applications

t5

/*Business Communications -*\

Wriffen CommunicationsReading SkillsListening SkillsSpeaking EffectivelyTelephoneResources/ReferencesEleztronic Communication

i \ I

I/*General Office \

Automated OfficeInformation Processing

CycleOffice Equipment and

ResourcesRecords ManagementReprographicsReception DutiesMall ProcessingTravel/Meeting PlanningOffice Management

,. 1

,---I' Recordkeeping/ 'N

Accounting

RecordkeepingConcepts

Records MaintenanceAccounting PrinciplesJournals and LedgersPayrollinventoryRnancial StatementsComputer Applications

i!

Busines Management \

Busines StructuresManagement Functionsinformation ManagementFinancial ManagementRisk ManagementPersonnel ManagementGovernmental

RegulationsBusiness Law

.1 I Ze

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.

rtr

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IIICompetencies

and Tasks

Employability Skills

Competency: Identify career choices

Tasks: Conduct a self assessmenta. Assess values in relation to workb. Recognize skills and aptitudesc. Describe employment history and experienced. Describe obstacles to employmente. Use Alaska Career Information System and other

career counseling publications

Identify career clustersa. Know specific Jobs within dusters and dutiesb. Describe apprenticeship programs

Explain the use of labor market informationa. Describe the current local labor marketb. Identify growth/demand occupationsc. Relate career choices to local labor market

Select a career goala. Know how skills could be used in other Jobsb. Plan for career goalc. Develop specific steps to reach goal

Competency: Identify careers in business

Tasks: Desctibe jobs in:a. Accounting and computing occupationsb. Business data processing occupationsc. General office and administrative support occupationsd. Secretarial, word processing, and administrative

support occupationse. Office supervision and management occupations

Competency: Identify employment opportunities

Tasks: Identify requirements for job

Investigate educational and occupational opportunities

Locate resources for finding employment

Confer with prospective employers

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Competency: Prepare a resume and job application

Tasks: Explain the purposes, types and limitations of resumes

Ust:a. past and present work experienceb. hobble. and interestsc. community activities or membershipsd. In-school activities or membershipse. awards, positions, or dub officesf. references, including addressess and phone numbers

Competency: Write a cover letter

Tasks: Explain when and how to writea cover letter

Explain whst a writing sample tells a potential employer

Ust the things a cover letter must include

Competency: Prepare for an Interview

Tasks: Explain how to schedule an interview

Ust things to find out about an interview:a. dateb. timec. locationd. name of interviewere. what to bring

Describe questions and responses asked in an interview

Describe the importance of knowing your strengths and weaknesses

Explain:

a. proper etiquette for an interviewb. the importance of being on timec. how to end an interviewd. the importance of appearance (proper dress and grooming)e. the importance of body language

Competency: Follow up the Interview

Tasks: Analyze the interview

Determine whether a follow-up letter or call is required

Explain how to write a thank you letter or make a follow up call

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*Competency: Dress appropriately on the Job

Tasks: Describe proper dress for the job

Discuss the importance of being neat and clean

Explain why personal hygiene is important

List components of personal hygiene including:a. skin careb. hand carec. foot cared. hair caree. mouth caref. exerciseg. dieth. adequate sleep

Competency: Understand basic concepts of human relations

Tasks: Define terms associated with human relations:a. communicationb. empathyc. human relationsd. initiativee. self-awarenessf. self-imageg. tacth. toleranceI. values

Identify skills needed for positive human relations:a. self-awarenessb. communicationc. empathy

III

Identify ways to establish and maintain positive employer-ampluyee relations:a. respect supervisorb. be responsible and dependablec. work consistentlyd. show interest in jobe. develop confidence in personal abilityf. be honestg. be straightforward

Identify ways to encourage positive co-worker relations:a. understand duties of co-workersb. help others when neededc. abide by office rulesd. avoid gossip

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Identify basic guidelines for serving customers:a. determine customer's needsb. satisfy customer's needsc. consider the customer's viewpoint

Competency: Be reliable and dependable

Tasks: Maintain acceptable attendance records

Explain the Importance of being on time

Give timely notice of interruptions to work schedule

Follow rules of work site or training site

Competency: Be courteous

Tasks: Describe courtesy h terms of:a. mutual regardb. friendly expectations

Identify courtesy as the foundation for cooperation

Discuss the importance of promptness to courtesy in business

Identify proper business courtesy as a way to convey goodwill

Competency: Be considerate

Tasks: Discuss the importance of vocal tone in human interaction

Contrast the "r-centered message with Nyou"-centered message

Discuss the need to be sensitive to others

Explain how to refer to people using:a. non-sexist pronounsb. neutral nounsc. proper titles

Competency: Solve problems

Tasks: Explain the importance of having a method for solving problems

Explain how to use the problem solving process to:a. identify problemsb. got information about problemsc. analyze problemsd. develop alternative solutionse. analyze alternativesf. choose a course of action

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Competency: Be honest

Tasks: Define honesty and Integrity

Explain how to deal with theft and dishonesty

Relate employee integrity to overall company performance

Competency: Plan and organize work

Tasks: Explain the importance of :a. organizing time effectivelyb. being responsiblec. caring about the quality of work

Sequence the steps involved in planning and organizing work:a. set prioritiesb. organize workc. complete the work

List various types of reminder devices that aid in organizing work:a. calendarb. reminder filec. schedule

Competency: Be assertive

Tasks: Differentiate between assertive, aggressive, and passive behavior

Discuss whom to go to for employee problems

Describe the importance of setting reasonable goals

Discuss the importance of setting limits in terms of toleratingbehavior of others

Competency: Demonstrate work maturity

Tasks: Describe the importance of openness to new situations on the job

Discuss the characteristics of the mature person:a. self-acceptanceb. consideration and respect for othersc. self-controld. positive thinking and attitudese. flexibility

Name ways to develop and maintain good working relationships

Differentiate between personal and job-related problems

Describe the importance of orderly and systematic work behavior

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Competency: Identify personal responsibilities related to employment

Tasks: Explain the importance of:a. securing adequate transportationb. inventorying independent IMng skillsc. developing personal finance pland. discussing ernoloyers' expectations regarding substance abuse

Competency: Maintain good health for effective job performance

Tasks: Relate regular exercise, rest, and nutrition with good job performance

Discuss the issue of smoking on the job

Discuss the issue of drug abuse

Competency: Identify employee rights and responsibilities

Tasks: Discuss state labor laws relating to compensation

Explain the use of tax forms

Explain the minimum wage and types of exempt businesses

Explain labor contracts and grievance procedures

Explain the role of unions

Discuss a sample company personnel policy

Competency: Use effective leadership skills

Tasks: Describe the Office Education Association (DEA) and how itteaches leadership skills:

a. Participate in meetings according to rules of ParliamentaryProcedure

b. Function effectively on committeesc. Plan and conduct group activitiesd. Participate in society in a democratic waye. Follow rules, standards, and policiesf. Work cooperatively with others

Identify leadership characteristics and responsibilities

Competency: Follow verbal and written directions

Tasks: Explain the importance of:a. following directionsb. asking for clarificationc. listeningd. reviewing situations of poor communicationse. reading directions

182 3

Competency:

Tasks:

Competency:

Tasks:

Competency:

Tasks:

Apply reading and writing skills

Describe how to find information !n business and consumer magazinesand journals

Describe how to write memos, lists, and reports

Demonstrate how to complete forms accurately

Describe how to recognize and correct errors in spelling, grammar andpunctuation

Describe how to use supply catalogs to identify and order materials

identity proper termination procedures .

Describe how to:a. Write a letter of terminationb. Conduct and exit interviewc. Write a letter of recommendationd. Request for advance noticee. Make final settlements (in regards to retirement, physical

injury, social security, severance pay, etc.)

Understand how to be an entrepreneur

Explain terms and principles associated with entrepreneurship

Describe the role of self-employment in the free enterprise system

Identify types of business organizations including:a. sole proprietorshipb. limited partnershipC. partnershipd. corporation

Identify risks and rewards of starting a business

Identify the roll small businesses have played Ir job creation andnew products and services

Explain the steps tor establishing a business

Explaln the importance of developing a business plan

Explain where to locate information and assistance on starting asmall business

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Keyboarding

Competency: Use equipment properly

Tasks: Demonstrate proper care of equipment

Explain preventive maintenance technicoia

Maintain equipment per maintenance checklist

Competency: Understand keyboard functions

1 lake: Demonstrate use of parts of the keyboard:a. space barb. tabsC. shift keysd. arrowse. badmpacef. operative keys

Explain the differences between the QWERTY and DVORAK keyboards

Competency: Align eyes properly

Tasks: Explain the importance of keeping eyes on copy

Keep materials on the left for left-handed people, on the rightfor right-handed people

Competency: Use proper posture and hand pokltion

Tasks: Sit up straight and tall with feet flat on the floor

Face the keyboard squarely

Curve fingers on home row

Keep wrists above frame a machine

Une up center of body with II key

Keep forearms at same angle or slightly higher angle the:t keyboard

Keep elbows at sides at center of rib cage

Use thumb on space bar

Keep eyes on the monitor or copy

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Competency: Use good work bablts

Tasks: Read and follow directions

Listen attentively

Stay alert and relaxed

Stay on task

Competency: Use keyboard properly

Tasks: Keep fingers in typing position

Use quick strokes

Type rhythmically with even strokes

Set an IndMdual goal for speed and accuracy

Demonstrate how to use correct touch technique for:a. alpha-numeric keysb. 10-key numerical pad

Competency: improve speed and accuracy

Tasks: Demonstrate how to Improve speed and accuracy

Calculate gross words per minute

Properly identify all keyboarding errors

Competency: Proofread

Tasks: Proofread own work

Proofread others' work

Apply proper rules for spacing before and after punctuation marks

Use proper grammar

Use proofreadees marks

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LI II riILI IDEGaol]

Competency: Save and retrieve keyboarded information

Tasks: Save information onto storage media

Retrieve information from storage media

Competency: Format and finalize documents

Tasks: Format and finalize documents such as:a. business lettersb. Interoffice memorandac. envelopesd. chartse. tablesf. reports

Explain how to create finished copy from:a. voice recordingsb. long-hand draftsc. revised, typewritten draftsd. electronic mall systems

Proofread copy and correct errors

Demonstrate how to:a. center copy vertically and horizontallyb. set marginsc. settlear tabs

DEIFAIE1113 WEBOMB

Free Enterprise System

Competency: Understand * ..)nomic systems

Tasks: Define terms and principles integral to an understanding ofeconomics including:

a. capitalb. consumerC. goodsd. servicese. supplyf. dernand

O. Priceh. scarcliyI. opportunity cost

Discuss the basic problem of unlimited wants versus limited resources

Differentiate between goods and services

Ust factors that affect the production of a good or service

Define types of resources:a. natural resourcesb. capital resourcesc. human resources

Explain the law of supply and der-and

Identify choices made in economic systems including:a. what to produceb. how to producec. for whom to produce

Explain types of economic systems including:a. free enterpriseb. commandc. mixed

Explain connection between political and economic freedom

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Competency: Understand the free enterprise system

Tasks: List charaiteristics and goals of a free enterprise system

Explain how supply and demand determine market price

Explain the role ot competition and profit in free enterprise

Describe the role of the entrepreneur in the free enterpnse system

Discuss the following In terms of the free enterprise system:a. freedom of choiceb. freedom of enterpriseC. freedom of occupational choiced. freedom of competitione. freedom to own property

Competency: Understand the role of money in the economy

Tasks: Define terms and principles integral to the changing value of money:a. consumer price indexb. deflationc. inflationd. Intereste. riskf. rate of retumg. money market

Explain the function of money in the economic system

Competency: Understand banking services

Tasks: Explain terms and principles associated with banking including:a. financial intermediaryb. fractional reserve bankingc. assetsd. liabilities

Explain how banks earn a profit and create money

Explain different types of banks

Explain the purpose of the Federal Reserve System

Explain the role of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

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Competency: Understand the gross national product

Tasks: Define gross national product

Explain terms and principles associated with the grossnational product (GNP) including:

a. real GNPb. recessionc. depressiond. per capita output

Identify the effects of the GNP on:P... oansumersb. business firmsc. government

Explain what is meant by economic growth

Explain how personal lifestyles affect the national economy

Define types of unemployment including:a. frictionalb. cyclicalc. structurald. seasonal

Explain unemployment rate and how it relates to economic performance

Competency: Understand productivity

Tasks: Define "productMtr

Explain howa. the industrial revolution changed productivityb. technology changes productivityc. mass production changes productivity

Discuss the impact of interchangeable parts on productivity

Discuss division of labor

Competency: Understand the role of trade In the economy

Tasks: Define "trade

Explain terms and principles associated with internationaltrade including:

a. Importb. exportc. tariffsd. rate of exchange

Differentiate among types of trade:a. domestic tradeb. world tradec. foreign trade

Explain how International trade affects the economy

Discuss the Impact of the U.S. trade imbalance

Discuss impacts of the U.S. not using the metric system in trade

Competency: Understand the role of business in the economy

Tasks: Explain types or businesses and the goods and services they produce,such as:

a. raw material extractionb. manufacturingc. traded. servicee. construction

Explain types of business ownership including:a. sole proprietorshipb. partnershipc. corporation

Describe how franchises and cooperativesoperate

Differentiate between profit and nonprofit corporations

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e

,W1Explain terms and principles associated with businessfinance including:

a. gross profit or marginb. net profitc. cash flowd. start-up costse. debt financingf. equity financing

0- PrinciPalh. bondholderL capital gainj. capital lossk. bankruptcyI. creditorm. trustee

Explain the multiplier effect of business to a community

Discuss social responsbilities of businesses

Competency: Understand insurance

Tasks: Identify terms associated with insurance:a. claimsb. agentc. commissiond. policyholdere. PoncYf. premiumg. risk

Explain the concept of:a. sharing economic risksb. sharing economic losses

Differentiate among kinds of insurance including:a. vehicles and craft insuranceb. life insurancec. health insuranced. home and property insurancee. business insurance

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Competency: Maintain financial records

Tasks: Describe the need for business records

Explain terms and principles of financial records

Describe information provided by businers records including:a. salesb. operating costsc. fixed costsd. variable costse. inventory levelsf. credit totalsg. growthh. data for financial statementsI. information for tax returns

Describe the importance of accuratefinancial records

Ust types of business records, Including:a. payroll recordsb. petty cash recordsc. purchase ordersd. invoicese. customer statementsf. financial statementsg. check registersh. bank statements

Competency: Understand the role of marketing In the economy

Tasks: Define marketing terms including:a. indirect marketingb. channel of distributionC. wholesalerd. agente. retailer

Describe the importance of marketing in our economic system

identify the marketing actMties including:a. buyingb. sellingc. transportingd. storinge. financingf. risk taking

Describe the most common channels for distributing products fromproducer to consumer

Explain the role of advertising 'In marketing28

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Competency: Understand the consumer's role In the economy

Tasks: Differentiate among roles as consumer, worter, and citizen

Explain terms and principles associated with consumerism including:a. disposable Incomeb. durable goodsc. nondurable goodsd. better business bureau

Disruss how basic economic concepts help consumers make decisions

Describe how the free enterprise system protects consumersagainst poor products and unfair business practices

Corripotency: Understand the composition of the work force

Tasks: Explain who makes up the "work force"

Discuss labor as an economic resource

Differentiate between blue collar and white collar work

Explain how employee turnover affecAs a business

Explain the effect of supply and demand on wages

Identify factors that affect the price of labor

Competency: Understand the role of labor unions In the economy

Tasks: Identify the major purposes of labor unions

Explain terms and principles of labor unions including:a. boycottb. closed shopc. collective bargainingd. labore. picketingf. right-to-work lawsg. seniorityh. strikeI. union shop

Explain important laws tha' affect unions

Describe methods used by unions to achieve their objectives

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Competency: Understand the role of government in the economy

Tasks: Explain twins related to government control in theeconomyincluding:

a. contractb. copyrightC. eminent domaind. patente. public propertyf. public utilityg. trademark

Explain the role of the government in preventing unfair competition

Discuss how the government:a. provkios a monopoly to public utilitiesb. limits other monopoliesc. enforces contractsd. protects property rightse. gives spedal property rightsf. protects human rightsg. helps private business

Discuss the concept of shared costs for services

Explain how the government raises revenue using taxes such as:a. excise taxb. estate taxC. gift taxd. income taxe. inheritance taxf. property taxg. sales taxh. social security tax

explain terms and principles associated with taxation including:a. ability to payb. benefits receivedc. redistribution of incomed. tax ratee. tax basef. taxable incomeg. deductionsh. exemption

Explain the federal deficit

Explain how fiscal and monetary policy are used to reduce ratesof inflation and unemployment

30 3 5 1

Financial Management

Competency: Maintain financial records

Tasks: Explain terms and principles associated withrecordkeeping including:

a. assetsb. liabilitiesc. depreciationd. journalse. book valuesf. accounts receivableg. amounts payableh. expendituresI. fixed expensesj. variable expensesk. net incomeI. net worthm. budgetsn. gross profito. petty cashp. purchase ordersq. Invoices

Explain types of records business firms need including:a. petty cash fund recordsb. receipts and payments journalsc. depreciation recordsd. specia! asset recordse. tax recordsf. payroll records

Explain the importance of protecting business records

Describe how budgets are used

Explain how to prepare and maintain financial records

31 :;6

Competency: Use financial statements

Tasks: Explain terms and principles associated with financialstatements including:

a. assetsb. liabilitiesc. basic accounting formulad. merchandise inventorye. accounts receivablef. accounts payableg. cash flowh. working capitalI, financial ratios

Explain the preparation of financial statements Including:a. balance sheetb. Income statement

Explain the use of specialists/agencies such as:a. accountantsb. bankersc. small business administrationd. consultants

Competency: Manage a budget

Tasks: Explain the terms and principles associated with budgets

Explain the benefits of a budget

Explain how to prepare a budget including:a recording income and expendituresb. comparing savings and expenditures allowancesC. adjusting allowances

Describe the relationship between a budget and a financial plan

Explain why budgets must be changed from time to time

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4)

Competency: Plan cash flow

Tasks: Define terms and principles associated with cash flow

Discuss the Importance of planning for cash flow

Prepare a cash flow statement for a three-month periodto include:

a. cash revenuesb. cash payments

Discuss methods for improving cash flow, induding:a. cutting down on inventoryb. limiting credit to customersc. negotiating with suppliers for extended credit

Competency: Use banking services

Tasks: Explain terms and principles associated with banking including:a. financial intermediaryb. fractional reserve bankingc. electronic transfer of fundsd. demand depositse. time depositsf. certificates of deposit

Contrast several types of banks Including:a. commercialb. full-servicec. Investment companiesd. savings and loanse. credit unions

Explain 'how banks earn a profit and create money

Explain the Federal Reserve System

Explain the role of the Federal Deposit insurance Corporation

Explain how to obtain money orders:a. bank money orderb. postal money orderc. express money orderd. telegraphic money order

Explain how to buy and use travelers' checks

33 1., 8

Explain how to make a payment with:a. a bank draftb. a cashiers checkc. a certified check

Describe types of bans banks offer including:a. secured loansb. unsecured loans

Exptglin use of interest rates

Competency: Open a checking account

Tasks: Explain purposes and types of checking accounts including:a. regular checking accountsb. interest checking accountsC. Individual accountsd. joint accounts

Describe how to open a checking account

Explain how to deposit and withdrawfunds

1.;ompetency: Manage a checking account

Tasks: Define terms related to check writing including:a. check protectorb. drawerc. draweed. overdrawe. PaYeef. post-dated checkg. raised checksh. NSF checks

Demonstrate how to:a. write a checkb. complete the check stub or registerc. apply bank service chargesd. review a bank statemente. examine returned checksf. reconcile bank statements

Describe endorsements including:a. blankb. specialc. restrictive

Demonstrate how to accept a check in business

Describe the process of check cashing

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Competency: Use credit

Tasks: Define terms associated with credit including:a. creditb. creditorc. credit ratingd. debtore. references

Describe types of credit plans

Explain who uses credit

Identify information needed to grant credit

Explain the three C's of credit:a. characterb. capacftyc. capital

Explain reasons for using credit including:a. for convenienceb. to establish a good credit ratingc. for savingseh for immediate possession

Explain major credit regulations required by law

Explain perils of credit including:a. overbuyingb. untimely shoppingc. paying higher prices because of credit

Differentiate among types of consumer credit:a. Installment creditb. noninstallment creditc. ban creditd. sales credit

Explain types of credit cards

Explain how to apply for a credit card

Explain types of charge accounts including:a oPenb. budgetc. revoMng

35 40

Explain the oDst of buying on installment

Explain terms related to installment sales credit:a. down paymentb. rebatec. repossession

Differentiate among types of installment sales credit:a. add-on planb. one-time sale plan

Competency: Maintain a good credit record

Tasks: Explain the Importance of building a good credit record

Explain why receipts, credit memos, and cancelled checksare Important

Explain the function of the credit bureau

Describe what creditors need to know about a person or family

Explain how to read a credit statement

Explain important credit laws

Competency: Establish a savings account

Tasks: Explain the importance of personal savings

Differentiate among types of savings methods including:a. passbook savingsb. new accountsc. time depositsd. money-mat, ..it accountse. short and long term certificatesf. IndMdual Retitemunt Accounts (IRA's

Explain how to establish a savings account

Explain how to decide where to invest

Explain how interest increases savings

Explain how to use a savings account:a. depositb. wfthdrawal

36 41

Differentiate among savings accounts offered by:a. commercial banksb. savings banksc. savings and ban associationsd. credit unions

Descrbe advantages and disadvantages of savings account

Explain the function of the Federal Savings and Loan insuranceCorporation (FSUC)

Competency: Secure financing

Tasks: Explain terms and principles associated with financinga business including:

a. capitalb. securitiesc. retained earningsd. common stocke. preferred stockf. par valueg. market valueh. book valueI. short-term capitalj. cosignerk. long-term capitalI. term loansm. leasen. bondso. warrantp. stock rightsq. Investment bankingr. discounts. finance costt. maturity L. a

u. principalv. pmceedsw. securityx. signature loan

Describe sources of capital

Explain why businesses need long term capital

Explain factors to consider when determining sources of capitalincluding:

a. original cost of capitalb. Interest ratec. authority of contributors of capital

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Explain interest rates and financing

Explain how to calculate simple interest on loans(PxRxT.I)

Explain how interest rates are determined

Explain how Interest is a cost of credit

Discuss the psychological impact of owing money

Differentiate between types of loans:a. instalknent loansb. single-payment loansc. secured loansd. unsecured loans

Competency: Invest In stocks and bonds

Tasks: Explain terms integral to stocks and bonds investments:a. brokerb face valuec. market valued. investment clube. municipal bondsf. mutual fundg. stock certificateh. stock exchange

Describe investment services offered by brokers

Describe how to invest In bonds

Compare advantages and disadvantages of 1 l S. Savings Bonds

Explain how to differentiate among stocks

Differentiate between :a. common stockb. preferred stock

Describe mutual funds

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Word Processing

Competency: Understand the information processing cycle

Tasks: Explain the stages of the information processing cycle:a. inputb. processingC. outputd. reproductionIL storagef. distributiong. retrieval

Explain terms and principles of information processing including:a. automationb. datac. data processingd. Informatione. keyboardingf. microg. miniaturizationh. office automatkI. productivityj. standardizationk. work flow

Explain the role of word processing in information processing

Competency: Maintain word processing software and equipment

Tasks: Explain terms and principles associated with word processingsoftware and equipment including:

a. keyboardb. CPUc. storaged. printere. displayf. linear displayg. standalonesh. dustered systemsI. timesharing systemsj. mainframesk. minicomputers

microcomputersm. disk operating systemsn. applications softwareo. PC networkp. archive

39 44

q. backupr. buffers. diskdrivet. floppy disku. hard diskv. peripheralw. formatx. function keyy. menuz. scroll

Contrast dfferent types of wordprocessing equipment including:a. keyboardsb. video display screensc. electronic typewritersd. dedicated word processorse. multifunctional information processorsf. muftitask computersg. computers linked in networkh. desktop publishing computers

Contrast different types of printers including:a. daisy wheelb. thimblec. bidirectionald. dot matrixe. linef. ink jetg. laser

Contrast different types of paper handling equipment including:a. tractor feederb. automatic sheet and envelope feeders

Explain and demonstrate how to:a. adjust printer type sizeb. use proportional character spacing if availablec. alter printer typefaced. justify left and right marginse. print a document

Explain why it is important to:a. keep food and beverages away from word processorb. allow fan to vent machinec. shut door of disk drive before engagingd. turn off equipment when not in usee. keep disks away from electrical and/or magnetic equipmentf. store disks in protective envelopesg. refrain from touching magenetic surface ofdisksh. keep disks away from direct sunlight and extreme heatI. use only a soft felt-tip pen to label disks

40 45

Demonstrate how to:a initialize disksb. name the document and save to diskC. properly care for disksd. back up disks using copy program or copy featuree. file disks safelyf. create a disk document directoryg. explain use of a password to access certain documents

Competency: Understand advances In word processing

Tasks: Explain advances in word processing including:a electronic processing (networking of automated equipment)b. artificial intelligencec. integrated processingd. distributed processinge. voice processingf. computer voice simulationg. fiber opticsh. optical disks

Explain the advantages of portable and lap-top computers

Discuss the impact of electronics on business meetings and conferences

Competency: Organize work procedures

Tasks: Explain the importance of:a. bilowing job ticket (work request form)b. recording job in work logc. document coding systemsd. using procedure manualsf. managing work flowg. following procedures for oonfidential information

Explain types ot office organizationa such as:a. decentralizedb. traditionalc. centralized

41 46 I

Competency: Understand keyboard on word processor

Tasks: identify and explain the use of operative keys on aword processor including:

8, cursorb. scrollingc. promptd. menue. ni.meric keypadf. function keysg. format keysh. locating keysI. editing keysJ. transaction keys

Competency: Create documents

Tasks: Explain terms and principles of creating documents

Explain how to initiate a new tile on a system

Explain how to transcribe information from:a. dictation machineb. teiecommunications mouemc. longhand

Explain how to format types of business documents including:a. informal Jocumentsb. repetitive correspondencec. boilerplatesd. formai documents

Format documents using:a. standard format featureb. proper line spacingc. proper centeringd. hyphenated ords for more even-looking copye. justificationf. proportional spacingg. paginatingh. indentingI. printer options

Format special documents including:a. tablesb. chartsc. formsd. legal documentse. medical forms

4 742

Proofread documents

Edit documents including:a. deletion of unwanted textb. Insertion of textc. replacement of characters or textd. movement of texte. merging of lines/text/documents

Locate information in documents using special function keys such as:a. search functionb. search and replace function

Store documents

Competency: Use databases

Tasks: Define database

Explain and demonstrate uses of databases or extended wordprocessing applications such as:

a. spelling dictionariesb. automated forms keyboardingc. list/record processing, using files, subfiles, and databased. glossarye. word processor math functions

Explain and demonstrate how to:a. create a databaseb. modify a databasec. select and arrange database recordsd. print reports from a databasee. use special format features in a databasef. integrate database files with word processor files

Competency: Use graphic packages

Tasks: Explain and demonstrate the use of graphic software in wordprocessing applications including:

a. bar graphsb. Me graphsc. pre-chartsd. Illustrations

Discuss advances in desktop publishing software

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Business Communications

Competency: Understand use of written communications

Tasks: Explain the importance of written communications

Explain the advantages of written communications such as:a. permanence of recordsb. flexbility in reaching audiencec. ability of writer to prepared. ability of reader to consider

Competency: Understand types of business documents

Tasks: Exp;ain types and uses of business documents inchoing:a. informal documentsb. repetitive correspondenceC. boilerplatesd. formal documents

Review the document cycle in an office:a. originationb. productionc. storaged. outpute. reproduction, distribution, and filing

Competency: Write effectively

Tasks: Write in clear sentences using proper:a. coherenceb. unayc. emphasis

Choose effective words by:a. usinr familiar wordsb. ensuing that each word has just one meaning

Use clear messages by:a. knowing message objectiveb. Identifying core ideac. outlining message

Write with variety and emphasis

45 49

Explain the importance and use of proper grammar

Explain how to check spelling by using:a. a dictionaryb. spelling textsc. computer spelling checkers

Competency: Compose business letters

Tasks: Explain uses of business letters

Identify parts of a business letter including:a. letterhead/headingb. Inside addressc. salutationd. bodye. complimentary closef. signature line

Describe attention or subject lines such as:a. reference initialsb. enclosure notationc. copy notatione. postscript

Identify different letter styles including:a. blockb. modified block with blocked paragraphsc. modified block with indented paragraphsd. AMS simplified

Contrast open and mixed punctuation

Develop content of letter by:a. outlining contentsb. writing a sentence or paragraph for each item in outlinec. dosing letter effectively

Explain the importance of using effective writing skills to ensurethat letter is:

a. dearb. concisec. courteousd. positivee. interesting

Competency: Prepare Invoices

Tasks: Explain uses and parts of invoices

Prepare an invoice to include:a. name of companyb. ltem(s) and quantity purchasedc. price per unitd. total pricee. shipping costsf. terms of payment

Explain importance of accuracy in completing invoices

Competency: Prepare purchase orders

Tasks: Explain uses and parts of purchase orders

Prepare a purchase order to Include:a. name of companyb. item and quantity desiredc. catalog maserd. price per unite. total pricef. method and costs of shipmentg. desired date of shipment

Explain importance of accuracy in completing purchase orders

Competency: Prepare office memoranda

Tasks: Explain the use of memoranda

Prepare a memorandum including:a. headingb. bodyc. closing

Explain the importance of accuracy in preparing memoranda

Competency: Prepare business reports

Tasks: Explain types of business reports

Explain parts and preparation of formal reports Including:a. preliminary partsb. textc. supplemental parts

47 1

Explain the use and preparation of drafts including:a. outliningb. developing first draftc. revising draftd. preparing final report

Identify uses of inforrral reports

Describe how to research information for a report

Explain how to prepare:a. news releasesb. speechesc. meeting minutesd. statistical tables and graphs

Explain use of justification and other :Ipecial format techniques

Explain importance of accuracy In preparing business reports

Competency: Use reading skills

Tasks: Discuss the importance of reading for content

Describe ways to improve personal concentration

Identify sources of business information such as:a. Wall Street Journalb. financial, business, and news magazinesc. computer terminalsd. government reports and documentse. news, financial reports, and discussions on television

Contrast "facts" and "opinions" in reading material

Explain ways to read closely including:a. looking for core ideab. identifying target audiencec. noting the toned. identifying the structuree. considering the writers objectivef. Imagining the significance of the message

Explain the value of skimming material

Discuss benefits of reading easier material first and harder material iast

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Competency: Proofread

Tasks: Explain terms and symbols of proofreading

Explain importance of proofreading

Explain steps In proofreading and procedures for revision

Competency: Use listening skills

Tasks: Discuss the importance of listening

Describe the major purposes of listening including:8. courtesyb. appreciationc. conversationd. purposee. critical thinking

Demonstrate procedures for effective listening such as:a. getting ready to listenb. determining the purpose for listeningc. giving speaker full attentiond. avoiding distractions

Explain the use of body language in listening

Differentiate between active and passive listening including:a. making mental notes of what the person saysb. trying to anticipate what will be said nextc. listening between the linesd. thinking about arguments offerede. separating facts from opinionsf. evaluating evidence presentedg. listening for nonverbal cluesh. accepting or rejecting speakers's conclusions

Explain how to listen by:a. allowing speaker to finish speaking before speakingb. using appropriate eye contact with speakerc. maintaining assertive and alert postured. ignoring distractionse. offering useful feecback to speakerf. taking an interest in the speakerg. considering the speakers whole presentationh. concentrating on the content of the messageI. determining the speakers main ideaj. noting key pointsk. listening for the speakers underlying feelingsI. listening actively

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Competency: Speak effectively

Tasks: Explain the importance of speaking effectively

Explain the principles of effective speech including:a. using appropriate vocal tone and volumeb. avoiding odd mannerismsc. maintaining proper postured. using effective gesturese. using good body language

Competency: Use the telephone

Tasks: Explain the importance of the telephone in business

Describe how to use telephone equipment including:a. PBX (if available)b. rotary dial and touch-tone phonesc. six (or more)-button desk phonesd. speaker phonese. automatic dialers

Demonstrate voice quality by:a. being warm and pleasantb. cultivating a natural and cordial tonec. sounding alert and interestedd. using moderate, normal volumee. speaking in a well-modulated voice

Describe how to improve telephone speech patterns by:a. enunciating words distinctlyb. pacing rate of speechc. using appropriate vocabulary

Describe how to use proper telephone manners by:a. treating every call as importantb. answering calls promptlyc. identifying yourself immediatelyd. completing calls promptlye. ending positively and appropriatelyf. having pencil and paper reedyg. saying "thank you" and "you are welcome"

Desciibe how to handle incoming calls by:a. answering callsb. screening callsc. transferring callsd. taking messagese. monitoring calls on hold

50 5 4

Explain where to locate a telephone number using:a. a telephone directoryb. directory assistance (local and long distance)

Describe how to place long-distance calls including:a. direct distance dialingb. station-b-station callsc. person-b-person callsd. collect callse. conference callsf. mobile and marine calls-g. credit-card callsh. overseas callsI. toll-free callsI. consideration of time differences across the counby

Competency: Use communication aimless

Tasks: Explain how to:a. send a telegramb. send a mailgramc. telegraph a money orderd. send a personal opinion message to a government officiale. use electronic mail including:

1. teletype machine or mainframe computer2. telex machine3. facsimile (fax) machine4. teletex

Competency: Use resources and references

Tasks: Explain reasons tor using resources and references, Including:a. finding informationb. verifying informationc. darifying informationd. compiling information

Identify uses of reference books available in an office such as:a. reference manualsb. dictionaries and word booksc. directoriesd. encyclopediasa. general references (manuals, OAG, almanac, ,itc.)

Identify references available in the school or local litrary

Idenfity people available in the community to provide Information

515 5

Competency: Use electronic communication

Tasks: Explain the use of information systems such as:a. data processingb. eleckonic mailc. telecommunicationd. word processinge. teleconferencing

Identify benefits of electronic communication

Discuss the Impact of word processing on written communications

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General Office

Competency: Understand characteristics of the automated office

Tasks: Contrast the automated office with the traditional office

Define terms associated with automated office systems including:a. electronic mallb. word processingc. teleconferencingd. facsimile

Identify the major components of an automated Ike system

Explain advantages and disadvantages of centralization ofword processing work

Competency: Understand the information processing cycle

Tasks: Explain terms and pdnclpies of information processing ;ydsin the automated office

Describe the use of special business forms

Describe the office organization In the Information processing cycle

Explain methods of information input, InduJing:a. paperiperdlb. keyboardc. typed rough draftd. machine dictatione. voicef. light peng. touch-sensitive screenh. co' puter-aided transcription

Describe methods for processing information, including:a. typewriterb. word processorc. computer

List options for output of information, including:a. soft copyb. printerC. phototypesetterd. photocopiers. facsimilef. culanner

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Describe methods of distribution of information, Including:a. mallb. communicating word processorsC. facsimiled. computer-based message systeme. telephonef fiber optiosg. teleodnferencingh. Image processingI. electronic bulletin boards

LAI options for storage and retrieval of Information, including:a paper filesb. magnetic mediaC. microformsd. electronic filing systeme. data basef. optical diskg. Image processor

Competency: Use office equipment rind resources

Tasks: Explain and demonstrate use of officeequipment such as:2. paper cuttersb. calculatorsc. microfiche readersd. telephones and Intercome. graphic toolsf. audloconferencing equipmentg. electronic communication devices

Explain procedures for repair and maintenance

Explain and demonstrate use of office resources such as:a. telephoneb. dictionariesC. zip code directoriesd. thesauruse. style booksf. travel guidesg. communication servicesh. lail servicesI. equipment manuals

Explain proper telephone techniques for handling incomingand outgoing calls

54 e-t) 8

Competency: Maintain office records and files

Tasks: Explain types and uses ot records management and filing systems

Explain records management systems, including:a. centralizedb. decentralized

Explain the use of filing systems including:a. alphabeticb. chronologicalc. geographic .

d. numerice. subject

Explain the use of indexing rules

Identify types of filing equipment and supplies

Explain how to manage correspondence by:a. date-stamping incoming correspondenceb. Indexing filingc. cross-referencing correspondei ice for filing

Describe how to retrieve flies by:a. following requisition slipsb. using charge-out recordsc. using tickler flies (chronological files)

Explain how to transfer files by:a. classifying recordsb. determining methods of transfer

Competency: Use reprographics

Tasks: Explain the use of multiple copies and reprographics

Explain duplicating methods including:a. offset duplicathgb. photocopyingc. printing

Describe and demonstrate copy production features including:a. collatingb. foldingc. staplingd. cuttinge. hole-punchingf. copy delivering

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Demonstrate how to:a. chenge copy machine tonerb. recluce copyc. add paper to copy machine0. duplicate on several sizes of papere. clear paper path in oopy machine

Describe preventive maintenance procedures

Competency: Receive and host office visitors

Tasks: Describe how to create a good impressionthrough:A. proper appearanceb. appropriate behaviorc. appropriate voice

Describe how to deal with business visitors by:a. properly greeting the visitorb. introducirg the visitorc. handling problem callersd. Identifying office organization and logistics for visitors

Competency: Process mall and shipments

Tasks: Describe how to handle incoming mail including:a. sorting and opening mallb. signing for registered mailc. dating the maild. distributing the mae. preparing mail for pesentation

Describe how to handle outgoing mail including:a. making sure all mail has zip codesb. using 9-digit* codes when applicablec. Wping envelopes and cardsd. folding and inserting letterse. using interoffice envelopesf. checking outgoing mail for completenessg. sealing outgoing mailh. using a postage meterI. reducing mailing costsj. collecting and sorting mail

Describe how to preptur. volume mailings including:a. assembling maihng listsb. using merge lists

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Describe how to use postal services including:a. aerogrammesb. certified mailc. COD maild. express maile. first class mailf. fourth class mailg. Insured mallh. international mailI. priority mailj. registered mailk. second class mallI. special delivery mallm special handling mailn. third class mail

Explain the use of business reply cards and envelopes

Explain how to trace lost mall

Describe how to handle shipments including:a. wraPIANIb. labelingc. weighingd. selecting messenger service or shipper

Explain the importance of keeping records of shipping,especially bill of lading

Competency: Make travel arrangements

Tasks: Explain types of resources used in travel planning, includinga. air, bus, ferry, or other transportation schedulesb. hotel/motel guidec. travel agencyd. company travel division

Ust the steps in making travel arrangements including:a. determining types of reservations neededb. making reservationsc. estimating travel expensesd. preparing a travel vouchere. confirming reservationsf. preparing an itineraryg. preparing an expense report

Competency; Plan meetings

Tasks: Describe how to schedule and confirm:a. business meetings and appointmentsb. meeting facilitiesc. audioconferencesd. teleconferences

Explain ways to take meeting minutes including:a. recordingb. longhandc. video

Competency: Manage an office

Tasks: Explain how to organize work stations for productivity

Explain how to organize work lbw to meet priorities

Explain the importance of working safely with equipment and materials

Describe how to order and maintain supplies for the office

Describe how to advertise position openings, screen, and interviewapplicants

Describe features which improve office comfort:a. lightingb. noise controlc. temperatured. ventilatione. humidityf. office landscaping

Discuss health issues in the office including:a. Video Display Terminals (VDT's)b. frequent breaksc. proper sitting techniques

Competency: Understand ethical issues in the office

Tasks: Explain copyright laws related to computer software

Describe software manufacturers' methods of prohibitingunauthorized copying of commercially produced software:

a. encryptionb. signed employee statementsc. assignment of serial numbers to program disks

Describe methods of maintaining confidentiality of documents:a. passwordsb. user identification code

Discuss the importance of maintaining confidentiality ofdocuments, including hard copy and computer records

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Recordkeeping/Accounting

Competency:

Tasks:

Competency:

Tasks:

Competency:

Tasks:

Competency:

Tasks:

Competency:

Tasks:

Understand recordkeeping concepts

Explain purposes of recordkeepIng Including:a. recording Informationb. summarizing Information

Explain the use of records Including:a. money records - receipts and expendituresb. banking recordsc. tax recoidsd. credit and ownership recordse. sales recordsf. purchases recordsg. payroll records

Maintain cash receipts records

Explain how to prepare cash receipts records for:a. depositsb. cash received

Maintain cash payments records

Explain how to prepare cash payments records for:a. petty cashb. checks written

Maintain sales records

Explain how to prepare sales records for:a. cash salesb. credit salesc. accounts receivable proceduresd. sales returns and allowances

Explain how to prepare sales reports

Maintain purchases records

Explain how to prepare purchase records for:a. orderlhg and receiving merchandiseb. processing purchase invoicesc. accounts payable proceduresd. Inventory controle. purchase returns and allowances

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Competency: Maintain payroll records

Tasks: Explain how to prepare payroll records for:a. time and earningsb. payroll deductions

Expun how to prepare payroll tax reports

Competency: Understand purpose of accounting

Tasks: Explain terms and principles associated with accounting such as:a. accountingb. data processingc. automated data processingd. balance sheete. assetsf. capitalg. credith. creditorI. equityJ. liabilitiesk. payablesI. receivablesm. suppliesn. journalo. ledgerp. financial statementsq. source document

Competency: Understand the elements of accounting

Tasks: Define and classify assets, liabilities, and owner's equity

Explain types of assets including:a. accountsb. cashc. intangible assetsa. plant and equipmente. natural resourcesf. receivables

Explain types of liabilities including:a. accounts payableb. creditorsC. loan payablesd. mortgage payablee. notes payable

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Differentiate among types of equity such as:a. corporationsb. cooperativesc. partnershipsd. single proprietorships

Competency: Understand the accounting cycle

Tasks: Explain terms and principles associated with the accounting cycle

Use the accounting equation (assets . liabilities + owners equity)

Explain the terms min balance and °out of balance

Competency: Maintain accounts

Tasks: Describe purposes of the asset, liability, and owner's equityaccounts

Explain how to:a. open accountsb. record changes in asset accountsc. record changes in liability accountsd. record changes in owner's equity accountse. compute account balances

Competency: Maintain general Journal

Tasks: Describe the purposes of the general Journal

Explain how to:a. open the journalb. journalize transactions

Competency: Maintain the general ledger

Tasks: Explain the use of the general ledger

Explain how to:a. open the ledger accountsb. post to the ledgerc. balance the ledger

Competency: Prepare trial balance

Tasks: Explain the purpose of the trial balance

Explain how to prepare the trial balance

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Competency: Maintain accounts receivable

Tasks: Explain how to:a. Journalize purchases on creditb. keep receivable control recordsc. post receivable Journal to general ledgersd. balance receivable control summary with general balance or

receivable accounte. prepare aged accounts receivablesf. reconcile disputes with customers over balance dueg. compute finance charges on past due accounts

Competency: Maintain accounts payable

Tasks: Explain how to:a. journalize sales on creditb. verify accuracy of invoices receivedc. clarify invoice discrepancies with vendord. post voucher control recordse. post accounts payable journalf. compare invoices with monthly statementsg. file invoices in paid or nonpaid filesh. recap accounts payable by vendor with aged balancesI. post accounts payable to general and subsidiary ledgersJ. balance accounts payable summary to general ledger balance

Comnetency: Maintain purchases and cash payment journals

Tasks: Explain how to:a. Journalize cash paymentsb. Journalize purchases on accountc. distribute amounts to general ledger accountsd. record payments on control recordse. prepare checksf. record depositsg. keep checkbook balance updatedh. reconcile checkbook balance and bank statementI. record bank charges in checkbookJ. recap cash payments Journal for posting to general ledgerk. maintain petty cash fund

Competency: Maintain sales and cash receipts journal

Tasks: Explain how to:a. record checks in cash receipts Journalb. distribute amounts to general ledgerc. record receipts on control recordsd. prepare depositse. recap cash receipts journal for posting to general ledger

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Competency: Prepare special ledgers

Tasks: Explain the use of special ledgers

Explain how to:a. post purchases journal entries to the accounts payable

lodger and general ledgerb. post sales journal entries to the accounts receivable

ledger and genera; ledgerc. post a sales return and allowances transaction to the

aocounts receivable ledger and general ledgerd. post cash receipts journal entries to the accounts

receivable ledger and general ledgere. post the cash payments journal entries to the accounts

payable ledger and general ledger

Comptency: Prepare payroll

Tasks: Explain how to:a. prepare a W-4 formb. process a time cardc. compute work hours from time cardsd. compute gross paye. compute withholdings from tax chartsf. compute RCA withholdingg. compute retirement withholdingh. compute medical withholdingI. compute net payj. balance payroll journalk. write payroll checksI. recap payroll journal for posting to general ledgerm. complete FICA withholding cardsn. compute Walters' Compensation payableo. compute State and Federal unemploymentp. prepare a payroll registerq. prepare E oployee earnings recordr. prepare a W-2 form (Wage and Tax statement)

Competency: Maintain fixed asset records

Tasks: Explain the purposes and uses of fixed asset records

Explain how to:a. compute depredationb. maintain depreciation schedulec. compute depletiond. maintain depletion schedulee. compute amortizationf. maintain amortization scheduleg. journalize entries for depreciation and depletionh. compute gains/losses upon disposition

83

G 7

Competency: Maintain inventory records

Tasks: Explain the purposes and use of inventory records

Explain how to:a. take physical Inventoryb. compute value of Inventoryc. maintain/update stock inventory recordsd. compute cost of inventorye. journalize inventory records

Competency: Prepare financialstatements

Tasks: Explain the uses of financial statements

Explain how to prepare:a. post-closing trial balanceb. balance sheetsC. Income statementsd. expense statementse. earnings statementsf. capital statementsg. net worth statementsh. statements of changes in financial position

Competency: Use computer for accounting applications

Tasks: Explain advantages of computerized accounting

Explain how to:a. read and analyze computer printoutsb. use integrated accounting software to post to:

general ledgeraccounts payableaccounts receivablepayroll

1;864

Business Management

Competency: Understand business structures

Tasks: Explain differences between informal and formal organizationsincluding differences in:

a. allocation of workb. distribution of responsibility and authoritiyc. principles of organization:

1. setvice of planned objectives2. form to fit ate and function3. clearly defined duties4. limited number of subordinates

d. organization structures1. line2. iiiie and staff3. specialized or functional4. matrix5. committees6. quality circles

Competency: Understand management functions

Tasks: Define management terms and principles

Explain the major functions of management:a. planningb. organizingc. staffingd. directinge. controlling

Describe how to construct organizational charts for businesses

Describe importance of human resource planning

Describe basic principles of good management including:a. responsibilityb. accountabilityc. unity of commandd. span of control

Define basic kinds of controls, including:a. quality controlsb. quantity controlsc. time controlsd. oost controls

65

69 I

Explain the steps for solving management woblems:a. define the problemb. list possible solutionsc. analyze possible solutionsd. select best solutione. Implement the solution

Describe characteristics of good managers, such as:a. Innovatorb. decision makerc. leaderd. communicatore. moflvator

Explain the value of following good management practices

Competency: Use business Information

Task.): Explain uses of business information in decision making

Explain how to analyze information from:wcounting records

b. financial statementsC. **scan& reportsd. production and sales reportse. mart,;ing studiesf. budgetsg. other business reaarch

Describe the duo dlopment and use of management information systems

Explain the use and devet '-'rient of buchess plans and strategies

Explain factors that influence decisions including:a. quantitative estimatesb. personal judgments

7066

I

Competency: Understand sources of financing

Tasks: Explain terms and principles of financing including:a. proprietary capitalb. borrowed capitalc. collectionsd. credite. interest

Identify sources of capital funding

Describe services provided to businesses by banks and other lendinginstitutions

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of extending credit to businesses

Expiain how to calculate simple interest amounts

Competency: Understand risk, insurance, and credit management

Tasks: Explain terms and principles associated with risk management such as:a. speculative riskb. insurable riskc. sound managementd. risk reductione. self Insurancef. purchased insurance

Explain terms and principles of insurance Including:a. stock companiesb. policiesc. mutual companiesd. losses coverede. contract requirementsf. liability coverage

Explain types of Insurance including:

8. ProPertyb. marinec. casualityd. fideity and surety bondse. accident and healthf. life

Explain terms and principles of credit management including:a. commercial creditb. 3 C's of creditc. consumer credit

Identify business risks ordirmrily covered by insurance

67

71

Competency: Understand principles of personnel management

Tasks: Explain importance of planning and estmating employment needs

List factors involved In managing personnel:a. recruitingb. selectingC. trainingd. promotinge. transferringf. discharging

Compare and contrast various types of compensation andbenefit plans

Identify the effect on payroll costs of employer's contrbutionsto fringe benefits

Explain the requirements of the Fair Labor Standards Act and ziherFederal, State, and local legislation governing employer-employee relations

Competency: Understand government regulation

Tasks: Discuss ways in which government regulates business throughlicensing requirements

Explain how to complete aa. business license applicationb. social security number applicationC. form for a Federal identification Number

Discuss the reasons for zoning laws

Explain the functions of boards which govern zoning including:a. Planning Boardb. Zoning Boardc. Appeals Board

Describe various taxes on business, including:a. Sales taxb. Income taxc. Unemployment Taxd. Social Security Tax

' 72

Competency: Understand Business Law

Tasks: Explain terms and principles of Business Law covering:a. contractsb. agencyC. bailments

Explain elements of contracts including:a. offerb. acceptancec. considerationcl. competent parCese. legal agreement

Explain circumstances under which contract rights are assignable

Describe remedies for breach of contract

Explain different forms of sales contractsa. creationb. duties and liabilitiesc. termination

7 369

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Course DescriptionsThe following brief course descriptions provide conceptual frameworks for educationalplanners that seek to design and implement a balanced program in business education.Teachers can use these descriptions to organize course offerings in business education.These descriptions are examples of content organization and are too brief for purposes ofprogram approval. Local schools will need to be much more definitive regarding thecontent of their courses than is reflected in these course descriptions.

Keyboarding/Typing

Course Description Grades 9-12 Semester

Keyboarding is designed to develop skill in operating a keyboard by touch. Studentsreceive basic instruction in keyboarding techniques, skill building, proofreading,correcting errors, punctuation, tabulation and format and finalize business documents.When a computer is used, the main operative keys and use of basic word processingprocedures are included. Typing is designed to emphasize keyboarding skill developmentincluding numeric and symbol keys. Procedures for layout tabulations, proofreadingand error correction are also included. Production skill is developed on businessdocuments such as letters, reports, memos, and envelopes:

illBasic Business

Course Description Grades 9-12 Semester or Year

Basic business is a course designed to give students background which will assist themin preparing for a career in the business, clerical or accounting fields. The emphasis ison understanding the nature and organization of businesses within the free enterprisesystem. Some of the topics for this course include the nature and organization ofbusiness, the free enterprise system, marketing, purchasing, managing information,money, banking, credit, investments, insurance, taxes, unions and government.

Word Processing

Course Description Grades 9-12 Semester or Year

Prerequisite: Keyboarding

Word processing is designed to provide students with specialized training in the use ofword processing equipment. The operation and functions of modern word processingsoftware programs on computers and/or other word processor units are emphasizedthrough "hands-on" instruction. This course will include such topics as terminology,information processing concepts, keyboarding orig Al documents on files, storing files,retrieving files, printing files, work procedures, and software applications in wordptocessing.

73

Office Procedures

Course Descriptions Grades 10-12 Semester or Year

Prerequisite: Keyboarding/Word Processing (preferred)

Office procedures provides business education students with employment skills forworking in an office setting. The human and communications aspects of business arestrongly emphasized. This course will cover such topics as occupational decisionmaking, work habits and attitudes, records management/filing, professionalappearance, communications techniques, use of references, mail processing,reprographics, reception duties, travel and meeting planning, and office management.

Business Communications

Course Description Grades 11-12

Prerequisite: Keyboarding

Semester or Year

Business communications contains a review of the basics of English in the context ofbusiness applications. The use of business vocabulary, correct spelling and grammarare emphasized through business document preparation. The course will cover suchtopics as business writing, punctuation and capitalization, techniques in telephonecommunications, oral communications, non-verbal communications, effective listeningtechniques, use of information and reference sources, and electronic communication.

Recordkeeping

Course Description Grades 9-12 Year

Prerequisite: Keyboarding

Recordkeeping will provide students with recordkeeping skills for working hi abusint ss or office career. This course will include such topics as the purpose ofrecords, types of records, and basic recordkeeping activities.

Course Description Grades 10-12 Year

Prerequisite: Keyboarding

Accounting I covers the complete accounting cycle including special journals, subsidiaryledgers, bank deposits and statements, taxes, depreciation, payroll, inventory, andfinancial statements. Introduction to computerized accounting may occur near the end ofthis course.

Accounting II

Course Description Grades 11-12 Year

Prerer isite: Accounting I

Accounting II emphasizes the computer applications of accounting principles. Studentswill review the full accounting cycle on the computer. Additional concepts will beint duced in this course to advance the student's knowledge of the accounting field. Thecourse will cover such topics as careers in accounting, review of the accounting cycle,partnerships, computerized payroll problems, departmentalized accounting,uncollectable accounts, plant assets, accruals, corporations, financial statementanalysis, cash accounting, budgeting and management decision making.

On-Job-Training

Course Description Grade 11-12 Semester or Year

On-Job-Training (OJT) is designed to provide students with a greater range ofvocationel programs. By using community-based work sites in a supervised teachingmode, the school can expand its vocational offering beyond the school building andfacilities. OJT is an individualized approach toward meeting the vocational needs ofstudents. There is a student/teacher relationship between the student and work site.Minimum requirements for OJT include a written training agreement, written trainingplan, school credit, a teacher-coordinator, and an annual evaluation.

75 77

fesaaerative Vocational Education

Course Description Grade 11-12 Semester or Year

Prerequisite: Ong year of vocational education

Cooperative vocational education is a method of instruction involving an interdependentcombination of classroom instruction and on-the-job training related to thatinstruction. The employment of students is specifically within the occupations forwhich their school courses are preparing them. The employment serves the function ofa practical laboratory for reinforcing the in-school instruction. There is anemployer/employee relationship between the student and work site. Minimumrequirements for cooperative vocational education include legally employed and paidstudents, a written training agreement, written training plans, school credit, a relatedclass, supervision by a teacher-coordinator and an annual evaluation.

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frientified Competencies by Course Offerings

This competency checklist should be used by teachers in identifying competencies to beincluded in specific classes in business education. This checklist is a curriculum analysistool for use by teachers in assigning responsibilities for the competencies of a totalbusiness education program.

All courses taught in the business education program are identified in the columns at thetop of the matrix. The individual competencies can be allocated to specific courses. Onemethod for analyzing the competency list is to assign letters where the competency will beintroduced (I), taught (T), or mastered (M). Currculum seauences can be organizedthrough this approach.

To assist business teachers to reinforce basic skills instruction, competencies have beencross-referenced with the following academic areas:

Math(M) Science (S)Social Studies (SS) Language Arts (LA)

This will avist local school districts in awarding cross-credit (academic credit) forparticipation in vocational classes they deem appropriate.

The following checklists are also cross-referenced with the Job Training Partnership Actpre-employment competencies and student leadership competencies. The Job TrainingPartnership Act provides funds to train economically disadvantaged youth to enter andsucceed in employment. Each Private Industry Council responsible for administeringthese funds adopted youth pre-employment competencies as one of the measures forpositive termination for program participants. The other measures are attained throughunsubsidized employment, or through another training program.

The following categories of work-related knowledge must be evaluated and measured In the.course of a participant's enrollment in a JTPA program:

1. Pre-Employment Competencies, which require the participant to demonstrate theskills and knowledge necessary to identify career objectives, seek and obtainemployment and understand job performance.

2. Work Maturity Competencies, which require the participant to demonstrate theability to apply skills in a training position.

3. Educational Skills Competencies, which require the participant to demonstrate basiccomputation and communication skills necessary to enter the labor market.

4. Occupational Skills Competencies, which require that the participant demonstrateproficiency in those skills necessary to maintain employment in a specific occupationor occupational cluster.

79 80

The pre-employment and work maturity competencies have been specificallycross-referenced in this curriculum so that business education instructors could specifywhere these competencies are integrated into the curriculum.

Student leadership programs are designed to be an integral part of the curriculumf.Thecompetencies are reinforced by student participation In approved student organizationssuch as the Office Education Association. The student leadership competencies have beencross-referenced in this handbook to assist the business education instructor identifyspecifically where these competencies will be taught.

The Office Education Association (OEA) is aco-curricular activity that is an integral part of theeducational program. OEA is designed to developleadership abilities, interest in the American businesssystem, and social awareness, as well as competency inoffice skills. It also helps students to:

-Improve poise, sociability, attitude, and tact

-plan effectively

-develop enthusiasm for learning and forremaining knowledgeable in the office field

-develop confidence and a spirit of competition

-get along with others

-develop loyalty

The national organization was founded in 1966 as Pvoluntary association of state student organizationssupporting buisness and office occupations. It hasgrown from 2,000 to over 65,000 members.

Contact the Alaska Departmentof Education for additionalinformation about the OfficeEducation Association.

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SS Understand sources of financing

SS Understand risk, insurance, and credit managemeni

SS Understand principles of personnel management

SS Understand government regulation

SS Understand Business Law

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92

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94

SampleSkills Card

Sample Skills Card

This section of the guide provides teachers with an example format of an instrument forevaluating the effectiveness of instruction. The skills record allows teachers to assesscompetency at four levels of proficiency. Teachers are encouraged to construct their ownskills performance record using the competency lists in the curriculum section of thisguide.

LEVEL CODE KEY:

1 Introductory Levet Can do simple parts of task. Needs to betold/shown how to do most of the task. Needs extremely close3upetvision.

2 Minimum Laval: Can do most parts of the task. Needs help only withmost difficult parts. Needs dose supervision.

3 Average Level: Can do all parts of task. Needs only spot-check ofcompleted work. Meets local demands for speed and accuracy. Needsmoderate Job entry supervision.

4 proficiency Levet: Can complete task quickly and accurately. Candirect others in how to do the task. Needs little supervision.

D1RECTION$: The instructor/employer may write, date and initial inappropriate square.

Identify employment opportunities

1 2 3 4

COMMENTS:

-Identify requirements for job

-Investigate educational and occupational opportunities

-Locate resources for finding employment

-Confer with prospective employers

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Suggested Resources

This section identifies specific resources and sources for finding instructional materials andsupplies for business education.

The following source lists have been characterized by media type to facilitate teacher use:resource libraries, publishers of texts and Instructional materials, :Aide resources,associations, periodicals, special books/pamphiets, and media.

The Alaska Department of Education has not formally reviewed nor approved all the resourceslisted in this section. Teachers are encouraged to preview materials before using them in theclassroom.

99

Resole's:. Libraries

Alaska Vocational Materials LibraryOffice of Adult and Vocational EducationAlaska Department of EducationPO Box FJuneau, Alaska 99811(907) 465-2980

Business Education ResourcesCtnices & Challenges: A Young Man's andTeen Woman's Journal for Self-Awarenessand Personal PlanningCooperative Education and On-The-JobTraining HandbookHome-Based Business ResourcesLocal Advisory Committee: Handbook forVocational AdministratorsMarketing Education CurriculumOffice Communication: DevelopingLanguage SkillsPre-Employment Competencies ResourceGuide

Vocational Education AdministrationHandbook

The Library maintains curricula for all vocational areas. Resources are loaned for a two-monthreview period. There are also many materials which may be purchased from the Library'sspecial collections. Some materials are available free of charge.

The Library's catalog is computerized and may be operated on ah, Apple Computer usingAppleworks software. The catalog may be obtained by sending $10.00 (please make your checkpayable to the South East Regional Resource Center) or by sending five blank disks forduplications.

Alaska Career information SystemOffice of Adult and Vocational EducationAlaska State Department of EducationBox FJuneau, AK 99811(907) 465-2980

Alaska State Film Library650 West International Airport RoadAnchorage, AK 99518(907) 561-1132

National Center for Research in VocationalEducationThe Ohio State University1960 Kenny RoadColumbus, OH 43210

Northwestern Vocational CurriculumCoordination CenterSt. Martin's CollegeLacey, WA 98503(206) 438-4456

Comprehensive career guidance systemdeveloped by Alaskans and for Alaskansseeking occupational and educationalopportunities in and out of Alaska.

Films for Busibess Education

Vocational Education Curriculum Materialsdatabase of all 50 states. Can be accessedthrough the Alaska Vocational MaterialsLibrary.

10-State regional library of vocationalmaterials. Can be accessed through theAlaska Vocational Materials Library.

100

Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Inc.Jacob WayReading, MA 01867

Allyn and Bacon, Inc.470 Atlantic AvenueBoston, MA 02210

Artistic Typing HeadquartersTeaching Alds Division3200 Southgreen RoadBaltimore, MD 21207

Bennett and McKnightDivision of Glencoe Publishing Co.17337 Ventura Blvd.Encino, CA 91316

Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc.0 4300 West 62nd StreetPO Box 7080Indianapolis, IN 46206

Business Publications, Inc.13773 North Central ExpresswaySuite 1121Dallas, TX 75243

Crain Books DivisonNTC Business Books4255 West Touhy Ave.Lincolnwood, IL 60645

Harcourt Brace Jovanov;ch, Inc.6277 Sea Harbor DriveOrlando, FL 32821

Harper and Row Publishers, Inc.10 East 53rd StreetNew York, NY 10022

H.M. Rowe Company624 North Bi !more StreetBaltimore, MD 21217

Houghton Mifflin Company777 California Ave.Palo Alto, CA 94304

John Wiley and Sons, Inc.605 Third AvenueNew York, NY 10016

MPC Educational Publishers3839 White Plains RoadBronx, NY 10467

Pitman Learning, Inc.6 David StreetBelmont, CA 94002

Delmar Publishers Prentice-Hall MediaPO Box 15-015 Service Code WOMany, NY 12212 150 White Plains Road

Tarry:own, NY 10591

Dictation Disc Company240 Madison Ave.New York, NY 10016

S

South-Western Publishing Co.855 California StreetPalo Alto, CA 94304

4i49

1"27;;Miriblishing Corp.PO Box 652Ridgewood, NJ 97451

Gregg-DivisionMcGraw Hill Book CompanyWestern Regional Office8171 Redwood HighwayNovato, CA 94947

State Resounws

Alaska Department of Commerce andEconomic DevelopmentOffice of EnterpriseBox DJuneau, AK 99811(907) 465-2018

Curriculum Development UnitOffice of Vocational Education2024 Capital Plaza TowerFrankfort, KY 40601(502) 564-2890

Curriculum and instructional MaterialsCenter (CIMC)Oklahoma State Department of Vocationaland Technical Education1500 West Seventh Ave.Stillwater, OK 74074

Curriculum Publications ClearinghouseWestern Illinois UniversityHorrabin Hall 46Macomb, IL 61455(309) 298-1917

Superintendent of DocumentsUS Government Printing OfficeWashington, DC 20402

Words, IncBox 8571University of Tennessee StationKnoxville, TN

Establishing a Business in Alaska

Competency-Based Businiss and Officeinstructional Modules

Banking, Savings and LoanBank TellerCommunicationsFilingFinancial ResponsibilityGeneral Clerical DutiesLearning Activity Packages for BusinessManager:lent and OwnershipOffice ManagementTyping

Entrepreneurship EducationMicrocomputer Applications inVocational Education: Business, Marketingand ManagementOccupational Orientation: Business,Marketing and Management OccupationsVocational-Technical EducationConsortium of States (V-TECS): Catalogsof Performance Objectives & Curriculumfor Business Education

4)

6

o

Division of Vocational EducationState of IdahoBoise, ID 83270

Extension Instruction and MaterialsCenter (EIMC)The University of Texas at AustinPO Box 7218Austin, TX 78713(512) 471-7716

Instructional Materials Laboratory10 Industrial Education Bldg.University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbia, MO 65211(314). 882-2883

Michigan Career Education and VocationalEducation Resource Center133 Erickson HallMichigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI 48824(517) 353-4397

Mid-America Vocational CurriculumConsortium1500 West Seventh Ave.Stillwater, OK 74074-4364

Minnesota Curriculum Services Center3554 White Bear Ave.White Bear Lake, MN 55110(612) 770-3943

Occupational Curriculum LaboratoryEast Texas State UniversityCommerce, TX 74528(214) 886-5623

Programs of studies for BusinessEducation

Business and Personal Services MarketingCareer Planning in the Private EnterpriseSystemPrinciples of Management

Business Management and OwnershipCatalog of materials on business law,business organizations and procedures,money management, and oral and writtencommunicationsOperating Your Own Business

Accounting and ComputingLegal SecretaryMedical Secretary/Office AssistantSteno/Clerical

Inform Lion ProcessingIntroduction to MicrocomputerApplicationsMicrocomputer Business Applications

Advanced Electronic AccountingElectronic AccountingElectronic Keyboard for Business andand Personal UseExploring Computers in BusinessSkills for thu Electronic OfficeWord Processing

Catalog of instructional materials onBusiness and OfficeCommunicationsHuman Relations in BusinessManaging the Office EmployeeManaging the Office EnvironmentMath Skills for the Office

Oregon Career Deveopment CenterMarion Education Service District651 High Street NE Suite 4Salem, OR 97301

Oregon Department of Education700 Pringle Parkway SESalem, OR 97310

Publications UnitVocational Studies CenterSchool of EducationUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison964 Educational Sciences Bldg.1025 West Johnson StreetMadison, Wi 53706.(608) 263-4357

Periodicals

Administrative Management

Alaska Business Monthly

Business Education Forum

Business Today

Basic Skills in Vocational Education:Computer Skills, Mathematics, Reading,Speaking/Listening, Writing

Cluster guides for Accounting and OfficeOccupations

A Guide to Curriculum Planning inBusiness EducationAchieving Success in Small Business: ACompetency-Based Educational Programfor Persons Interested in Small BusinessOwnershipBasic Skills for improvementCompetency-Based Business EducationModulesE.T.C. Entrepreneurship TrainingComponents for Business and OfficeInstructional Strategies for UsingMicrocomputers in Vocational Educationfor Business EducationSteps to Starting a Small BusinessTools, Equipment, and Machinery: AdaptedVocational Education and Employment ofHandicapped People

Geyer-McAllister Publications51 Madison AvenueNew York, NY 10010

Alaska Publishing CompanyPO Box 102696Anchorage, AK 99510

National Business Education Association1914 Association DriveReston, VA 22091

Foundation for Student Communication, Inc.Aaron Burr HallPrinceton, NJ 08450

104 102

Business Week .

Consumer Reports

Information & Records Management

Information Systems News

InfoWorld

Journal of Business Education

0 Law Office Economics & Management

Management World

McGraw Hill, Inc.1221 Avenue of AmericasNew York, NY 10020

School Order ProgramPO Box 1948Marion, OH 43306

PO Box 13214Philadelphia, PA 19101

660 Northern BoulevardWheaton, IL 60187

PO Box 1018Southeastern, PA 19398

Heldref Publishers4000 Albemarle Street Suite 302Washington, DC 20016

Callaghan & Company28 State St., Suite 2200Boston, MA 02109

Administrative Management SocietyMaryland RoadWillow Grove, PA 19090

Modem Office Procedures Industrial Publishing Co.614 Superior Avenue, WCleveland, OH 44113

Office Equipment & Methods Maclean-Hunter Publications481 University AvenueToronto 101, Ontario

Office Products Hitchcock PublicationsWheaton, IL 60187

Personal Computing PO Box 2941Boulder, CO 80321

.

Popular Computing McGraw Hill PublicationsPO Box 312Martinsville, NJ 08836

The Kip linger Washington Letter 1729 H. Street N.W.Washington, DC 20006

The Office Office Publications, Inc.1200 Summer StreetStamford, CT 06904

Todays Office 645 Stewart Avenue(formerly Office Products News) Garden City, NY 11530

Tomorrow's Business Leader Future Business Leaders of AmericaPhi Beta Lamda, Inc.1908 Association DriveReston, VA 22091

Type World 15 Oakrldge CircleWilmington, MA 01887

Words International Word Processing Assn.Maryland RoadWillow Grove, PA 19090

Word Processing IBM CorporationFranklin Lakes, NJ 07417

Word Processing ReportWord Processing & Information Systems

Associations

American Association for instructionalMaterials (AAVIM)120 Dr flimsy Engineering CenterAthens, GA 30602(404) 542-2586

Geyer-McAllister Publications51 Madison AvenueNew York, NY 10010

Performance-Based Teacher EducationModules: Category M: Assisting Studentsin Improving Their Basic Skills

1061 0 4

American Vocational Associationi 410 King StreetAlexandria, VA 22314

Association for Business CommunicationEnglish Building Room 100University of Illinois608 South Wright StreetUrbana, IL 61801

Association of Record Managers andAdministrators, Inc.4200 Someset Drive Suite 215Prairie Village, KS 66208

Delta PI EpsilonNational OfficeGustavus Adolphus CollegeSt. Peter, MN 56082

Future Business Leaders of AmericaPO Box 17417-Du HesWashington, DC 20041

International Society for Business Education1906 Association DriveReston, VA 22091

National Business Education Association1914 Association DriveReston, VA 22091

National Secretaries Association2440 Pershing RoadCrown Center, Suite 610Kansas City, MO 64108

Office Education Association5454 Cleveland Ave.Columbus, OH 43229(614; 895-7277

Catalog of materials availableVocational Education Journal

Clearinghouse for research projects,journals, bulletins, monographs, andspecial books

Provides newsletter and educationalseminars

National honorary professional graduatesociety for those in business education.Publishes research in business education.

Developing Effective Programs andActivities in FBLA-PBLThe Official FBLA-PBL Handbook

International Review for BusinessEducation Publication

Clearinghouse of publications onbusiness educationStandards for Excellence in BusinessEducation

Resources and information onsocretarial profession

Advisor's NewsletterCompetitive Events GuidelinesLeadership Development Series

l ii 5107

Professional Secretaries Internationalsol East Armour BlvdKansas City, MO 64111-1299

Special Books/Pamphlets

A Wiley-Interscience PublicationJohn Wiley & Sons; Inc.605 Third Ave.Dept. 0194 JOMNew York, NY 10158

Berkeley Books200 Madison Ave.New York, NY 10016(212) 686-9820

Colonial Press1237 Stevens Road SEBessemer, AL 35(12Z

Consumers Union256 Washington StreetMt. Vernon, NY 10550

Communications and Office SkillsTraining CenterCivil Service CommissionWashington, DC

Cooperative Extension ServiceStatewide OfficeUniversity of Alaska303 Tanana DriveFairbanks, AK 99701

Jane Taylor Wilson800 Roberto Ave.Santa Barbara, CA 93109

Resources and information clearinghousefor secretarial occupations

Where to Find BusineF s Information:A Worldwide Guide for Everyone WhoNeeds the Answers to Business Questions

The One-Minute Manager

Managing the Learning Process in BusinessEducation

A Guide to Banking Services

Office Methods and Behavior

Economic Interrelationships withinAlaska's Developing Agricultural IndustryOrganizing Your Home Business CenterSharpening Two Skills Important inMaking Decisions About MoneyTo Grow or Not to Grow: Questions AboutEconomic Development

Undership Alive: A Handbook of Exercisesand Resources for LeadershipDevelopment

Small Business Administration701 C Street

0 Box 67Anchorage, AK 99513

VGM Career HorizonsA DMsion of National Textbook Company4255 West Touhy Ave.Uncolnwood, IL 60646

Warner Books, Inc.666 Fifth Ave.New York, NY 10103

Media

Alaska Center for Economic EducationUniversity of Alaska601-A Gruening BldgFairbanks, AK 99701(907) 474-6520

Business Education FilmsDivision of Alden Films7820-20th km.Brooklyn, NY 11214

Career Aids, Inc.20417 Nordhoff Street Dept. SChatsworth, CA 91311(818) 341-8200

Churchill Films662 No0 Robertson BlvdLos Angeles, CA 90069

DCA Educational Products, Inc.4685 Stanton Ave.Phlladephia, PA 19144

Encyclopedia BritannicaillEducational Corporation425 N. Michigan AvenueChicago, IL 60611

_

information and publications onmanagement, accounting, and businessbasics for small businesses

Planning Your Own Home Business

Megatrends

Minnesota Educational ComputerConsortium (MEM)2520 Broadway DriveSt. Paul, MN 55113-5199

National Archives 84 Records AdministrationNational Audiovisual Center8700 Edgeworth DriveCapitol Heights, MD 20743

National innovative Media CompanyRoute * 2, Box 3018Calhoun, KY 42327

Pictures, Inc.811 W. 8th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99601

Teaching Aids, Inc.PO Box 1798Costa Mesa, CA 92626

Vocational Media AssociatesPrentice-Hall MediaPO Box 1050Mount Kisco, NY 10549

1

ERIC Document Reproduction CenterPO Box 190Arlington, VA 22210

Walt Disney Educational Media Co.500 S. Buena Vista StreetBurbank, CA 91521

110 108_A