Document 1: German Conquests by 1942

Nazi occupied Europe was organized in two ways:• Some areas annexed and made into

German provinces• Most areas were occupied and

administered by Germans

Racial considerations: those considered “Aryan” were treated with lenience (Norway, Netherlands, Denmark)

Resettlement plans of the East• Poles were uprooted and moved• 2 million ethnic Germans settled

Poland, 1942

Need for labor: exploitation of conquered people

By 1944, 20% of German workforce was foreign!

Document 2: The Nazi New Order

France: Charles de Gaulle• Free French movement• Against Communist liberation groups

Yugoslavia: Communist Josip Broz (“Tito”) • Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ)• Communist leader who later broke with Stalin and the Soviet bloc

Germany• The White Rose movement, Hans and Sophie Scholl• Gestapo executes all involved students• Colonel Count Claus von Stauffenberg• Stauffenberg assassination attempt (Operation Valkyrie)

Document 3: Resistance Movements

First Plan: Madagascar Plan• Ship Jews to Madagascar

Second Plan: Einsatzgrupen (special forces) • confine Jews to ghettos• begin policy of shooting large groups: too difficultThird Plan: Final Solution---Death camps• In operation by the spring of 1942• Shipments of Jews from Poland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands Berlin, Vienna, Prague, Greece,

southern France, Italy, and Denmark• Use Zyklon B (hydrogen cyanide) to kill prisoners who could not work• Rudolf Hoess---commandant of the Auschwitz-Birkau Death Camp• 2/3 European Jews Killed by 1945

The Other HolocaustDeath of 9 - 10 million people beyond the 5 - 6 million Jews40 percent of European Gypsies, Homosexuals, handicapped

Document 4: “The Jewish Question”

Document 4: “The Jewish Question”

cont…

Death camps v. Concentration Camps

Great Britain• 55 percent of the people were in ‘‘war work”• By 1944, women held 50 percent of the civil service

positions• Dig for Victory• Emphasis on a planned economy• Luftwaffe begin the Blitz in Britain beginning in 1940

Document 5: Home Front

The Soviet Union“Great Patriotic War”• Enormous losses, 2 of every 5 killed in World War II were Russians• Supercentralization (total control by Stalin)• 55% of income used on war supplies• Factories moved to the interior when Germans advanced• Starvation due to increased focus on war production• 60% women in factories• Only country in WWII to use women in combat

Germany• Continued production of consumer goods first two years of the war• Plan: Blitzkrieg and then plunder conquered countries• Total mobilization of the economy not until 1944: too little too late!• British raids of German cities began in 1942---didn’t start evacuating until 1943

• Dresden was worst---35,000 civilians dead