Doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e Submission 13 May, 2008 Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 1...
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doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e Submiss ion 13 May, 2008 Wei Hong, Arch Rock Corporation Slide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: Application Requirements for a Low-power, Responsive, Adaptive, IP-friendly 15.4 MAC Date Submitted: 13 May, 2008 Source: Wei Hong, Company: Arch Rock Corporation Address: 501 2 nd Street, Suite 410, San Francisco, CA 94707, USA Voice: 415-692-0828, FAX: 415-278-0441, E-Mail: [email protected] Re: Application Requirements for 802.15.4e Abstract: Application Requirements for a Low-power, Responsive, Adaptive, IP-friendly 15.4 MAC Purpose: Outline requirements for a Low-power, Responsive, Adaptive, IP-friendly 15.4 MAC Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
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Transcript of Doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e Submission 13 May, 2008 Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 1...
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 1
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: Application Requirements for a Low-power, Responsive, Adaptive, IP-friendly 15.4 MACDate Submitted: 13 May, 2008Source: Wei Hong, Company: Arch Rock CorporationAddress: 501 2nd Street, Suite 410, San Francisco, CA 94707, USAVoice: 415-692-0828, FAX: 415-278-0441, E-Mail: [email protected]
Re: Application Requirements for 802.15.4e
Abstract: Application Requirements for a Low-power, Responsive, Adaptive, IP-friendly 15.4 MAC
Purpose: Outline requirements for a Low-power, Responsive, Adaptive, IP-friendly 15.4 MAC
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 2
Application Requirements for a Low-power, Responsive, Adaptive, IP-friendly 15.4 MAC
Wei Hong
VP of Engineering
Arch Rock Corp.
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 3
Outline
• The Case for IP-centric Sensor Networks– 15.4 as a new IP link
• Low-power vs. Responsiveness
• The need for Adaptiveness
• A framework towards a solution Requirements taken for granted
– Enabling low-power mesh networking• Low-power routers and edge nodes
– Reliability
– Security
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 4
The IP-centric Vision
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 5
Many Advantages of IP
• Extensive interoperability– Other wireless embedded 802.15.4 network devices – Devices on any other IP network link (WiFi, Ethernet, GPRS, Serial lines, …)
• Established security– Authentication, access control, and firewall mechanisms– Network design and policy determines access, not the technology
• Established naming, addressing, translation, lookup, discovery• Established proxy architectures for higher-level services
– NAT, load balancing, caching, mobility• Established application level data model and services
– HTTP/HTML/XML/SOAP/REST, Application profiles• Established network management tools
– Ping, Traceroute, SNMP, … OpenView, NetManager, Ganglia, …• Transport protocols
– End-to-end reliability in addition to link reliability• Most “industrial” (wired and wireless) standards support an IP option
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 6
Users’ View of IP
• IPv4 and IPv6 builtin to Windows, Mac OS and Linux
• The ubiquitous web browser
• Socket API for TCP and UDP
• SOAP or REST-based API
• Wireshark and Ethereal
• IPSec, VPN, Firewalls
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 7
Myth: IP Stack Is Too Large?ROM RAM
CC2420 Driver 3149 272
802.15.4 Encryption 1194 101
Media Access Control 330 9
Media Management Control 1348 20
6LoWPAN + IPv6 2550 0
Checksums 134 0
SLAAC 216 32
DHCPv6 Client 212 3
DHCPv6 Proxy 104 2
ICMPv6 522 0
Unicast Forwarder 1158 451
Multicast Forwarder 352 4
Message Buffers 0 2048
Router 2050 106
UDP 450 6
TCP 1674 50
(including runtime)
Low-power with modified 15.4 MAC
24KB ROM
3.5KB RAM
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 8
Market Demand for IP Over 15.4
• 15.4 as a cheaper IP link: replacing existing expensive, power-hungry GPRS, WiFi, Bluetooth links
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 9
Market Demand for IP Over 15.4 (cont)
• Where IT departments rule, e.g., data centers– Familiar access and
management paradigm for IT staff
• Future proofing investment– Utility HAN
• Will 15.4 be the only link for HAN for the next 20 years?
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 10
Properties of an IP-friendly Link
• Always On (illusion)– Talk to a neighbor any time
• Low Latency– Low transmission delay neighbor-to-neighbor
• Multicast Capable– Broadcast to all neighbors
• Synchronous Acks– Reliable datagram delivery to a neighbor
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 11
Requirement for Being Low-power AND Responsive
• Fundamentally sensor networks must be able to respond to unexpected events– How to maintain low-power while waiting for a rare
event
• Application examples– Mobile applications
• 1st Responder Monitoring• Smart package tracking
– Perimeter Security• 2-second max latency for intrusion detection• 5-10 year battery lifetime
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 12
The Need for Adaptiveness
• Example: Train axle condition monitor– Dynamic environment
• Cars shuffle
• Surroundings change en route
– Unpredictable workload• Temperature
threshold increases vibration sampling
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 13
A Possible Solution
OptimizationsOptimizationsPower – Channel Utilization – Average Latency – ThroughputPower – Channel Utilization – Average Latency – Throughput
OptimizationsOptimizationsPower – Channel Utilization – Average Latency – ThroughputPower – Channel Utilization – Average Latency – Throughput
StreamingStreaming SchedulingScheduling
Repairing 15.4 AcksRepairing 15.4 AcksFalse Positives – Security – PayloadFalse Positives – Security – Payload
Repairing 15.4 AcksRepairing 15.4 AcksFalse Positives – Security – PayloadFalse Positives – Security – Payload
15.4 HDR15.4 HDR15.4 HDR15.4 HDR PANPANPANPAN DSTDSTDSTDST SRCSRCSRCSRC SECSECSECSEC TimingTimingTimingTiming PayloadPayloadPayloadPayload 15.4 FTR15.4 FTR15.4 FTR15.4 FTR
Sampled ListeningSampled ListeningStateless – Low Latency – Always On Abstraction – RobustStateless – Low Latency – Always On Abstraction – Robust
Sampled ListeningSampled ListeningStateless – Low Latency – Always On Abstraction – RobustStateless – Low Latency – Always On Abstraction – Robust
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 14
NetNetNetNet
A Possible Solution (cont)
PhyPhyPhyPhy
LinkLinkLinkLink
Media Management ControlMedia Management ControlMedia Management ControlMedia Management Control
Remote MediaRemote MediaRemote MediaRemote Media Link StatsLink StatsLink StatsLink Stats
Neighbor Table
Addr Period PhasePendin
gRSSI PRR
Local MediaLocal MediaLocal MediaLocal Media
Sample Period
Sample Phase
DatDataa
DatDataa AckAckAckAck
AbstractionAbstractionAbstractionAbstractionProvide the mechanisms
Upper layers define the policy
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 15
Evaluation: Link Layer Primitive Profiles
Channel Sample Overhear Receive(26 bytes)
Receive(127 bytes)
Transmit(26 bytes)
Transmit(127 bytes)
Preamble + Transmit(64 ms)
Preamble + Transmit(128 ms)
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 16
Evaluation: Link Power Model
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 17
Discussions
• Channel Sample Period: knob for trading off responsiveness for low power consumption
• Tradeoff between send and receive cost• Maintain low-power state when fallen out of
network• Scheduling can be layered on top of Sampled
Listening for further power reduction• Channel hopping can be incorporated
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 18
Summary
• Requirements for 15.4– IP-friendly: always-on illusion– Responsive and low-power: passive vigilance– Adaptive to dynamically changing environment
and workload– And of course
• Enabling low-power meshing• Reliable• Secure
• A solution exists
doc.: IEEE 15-08-0323-00-004e
Submission
13 May, 2008
Wei Hong, Arch Rock CorporationSlide 19
Thanks You
• Questions?
