Dobbins Opgw

7/27/2019 Dobbins Opgw

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ADSS and OPGW Cable Installation

on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities

Patrick Dobbins Director Technology Applications


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ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities

Industry Standards

Structure Hardware

Cable Attachment Hardware ADSS

Cable Attachment Hardware OPGW

Installation Apparatus

OPGW Installation Methods

ADSS Installation Methods

Key Installation Issues

Agenda


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IEEE 534 2003 Guide to Installation of OH

Transmission Line Conductors

IEEE 1138-2009 Standard for Testing andPerformance of Optical Ground Wire

(OPGW) for Use on Electric Utility Power

Lines

IEEE 1222 2011 Standard for Testing and

Performance for All-Dielectric Self-

Supporting (ADSS) Fiber Optic Cable forUse on Electric Utility Power Lines

IEEE 1591 2011 Standard for Testing and

Performance of Hardware for Optical Ground

Wire

Recognized as the best practices

Working groups from Power Engineering

Society


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Structure and Pole Line Attachment Hardware

For most distribution applications, 10M (5/8) pole mounting hardware isused (eye nuts, bolts, etc).

For transmission applications higher loads and tensions must beconsidered and appropriate hardware selected

Pole Line Hardware and Guying should be matched to a minimum offiber optic cable UTS or 2X maximum rated operating tension

(MRCL/MRDT).

Guying Rules same as for messenger supported cable or powerconductors.

Basic aerial line construction rules are applicable

Use company current safety rules on hardware standards



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OPGW Attachment Hardware



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Fiber Optic Cable Attachment Hardware ImportantConsiderations

OPGW and ADSS attachment hardware must be matched to aspecific cable type and manufacturer.

Cable diameter, cable design type, loading factors and cable UTS are

considered

Key element is the Maximum Rated Design Tension (MRDT) of

OPGW Cable or Maximum Rated Cable Load (MRCL) of ADSS cable.

Do not match based on diameter alone

Hardware must be certified by hardware and cable manufacturer asan integrated system



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OPGW Deadend Choices

Tension Points of segment

Used for wide angles, splice points, reelends, road, river, and railroad crossings.

Different choices available for differentOPGW cable designs

Hardware is matched to specific cabledesign

Cable Diameter

MRDT and UTS

Cable Construction Type



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OPGW Deadend Choices Formed Wire


Used for wide angles, splicepoints, reel ends, road, river, andrailroad crossings.

Different choices available fordifferent OPGW cable designs

Hardware is matched to specificcable design

Cable Diameter

MRDT and UTS

Cable Construction Type


Aluminum

ground

clamp

Reinforcing rods

Heliformed deadend

Aluminum

or copper

ground wire

FiberLign deadend


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OPT-GW Tangent/Suspension Choices

Hi-Bus Suspension

0 to 20 Line Angle

Slip rating to 20% for UTS under25Klbs

Can be configured with doubleyoke plate to 40

Hi-Bus Suspension


Hi-Bus Trunion

0 to 20 Line Angle Slip rating to 20% for UTSunder 25Klbs Top Mount Style Superior Vibration Resistance

Hi-Bus Trunnion


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OPT-GW Suspension Choices

Single Mechanical Suspension

0 to 30 Line Angle Slip rating to 1500 lbs Vertical load at 25Klbs Suspension Mount Style

Single Suspension


Double Suspension

Double Mechanical Suspension

31 to 60 Line Angle Slip rating to 3000 lbs Vertical load at 25Klbs Yoke Plate/Anchor Shackle


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OPT-GW Grounding Choices

Bonding Clamp

Grounding of OPT-GW at eachtower

Difference Grounding Harnessdepending on current carrying

requirements

Bonding Clamp



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OPT-GW Tower/Pole Guides

Tower/Pole Guide Clamp

Used at splice points Guides cables down structure Lattice steel structures or woodenpoles

Tower Guide Clamp


Pole Guide Clamp

Used at splice points Guides cables down structure

Used on wooden poles

Wood Pole Clamp


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OPGW Vibration Dampers

Damper System

Used to control Aeolian Vibration Engineered to cable diameter,tension, and span

Software analysis program providesspecific recommendation of number of

dampers and locations

OPGW MFGR provides

recommendations

Stockbridge Damper


Spiral Dampers


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ADSS Attachment Hardware



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Attachment Hardware Important Considerations

ADSS attachment hardware must be matched to a specific cable.

Cable diameter, jacket material and cable UTS are considered

Do not match based on diameter alone

Hardware must be certified by hardware and cable manufacturer



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ADSS Deadend Choices


Also Temporary Tension Grips

Used for wide angles, splice points, reelends, road, river, and railroad crossings.

Torque-balanced design

Different choices available for differentADSS cable designs

Hardware is matched to specific cabledesign

Cable Diameter

MRCL and UTS

Jacket Type

Formed Wire Deadend

Mechanical Deadend



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Deadend Choices


Mechanical Deadened

Medium length spans

Fast Installation

Limited tension applications

Standard PE Jackets Only

Formed Wire Deadends

Medium and long spans

Special designs

Higher tension applications

Standards and Tracking ResistantJackets


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Deadend Choices

Medium/Long Span Formed Wire DE



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Tangent/Suspension Choices

Tangents are used for span lengths< 600 feet (180 m) Heavy Loading to

1200 feet (365m) Light Loading,

angles < 22 degrees. (15 deg for

installation pulls)

Suspensions are used for

span lengths > 600 feet (180m), angles < 30 degrees.

Formed Wire Suspension

Tangent (Trunion)

Suspension



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EHV ADSS Corona Rings

For EHV ADSS Applications

Protects cable from discharge off ofFormed Wire Hardware

Under SRL layer of DE or SU units

Typical for applications above 230kV

Follow manufactures recommendation

Corona Ring



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Vibration Dampers

Aeolian Vibration Control Distribution Applications

Spiral Vibration Damper

Transmission Applications

Spiral Vibration Dampers

Stockbridge Dampers



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Stockbridge Vibration Dampers

ADSS in EHV (>230Kv)

environments may require

Stockbridge damper

Due to Tracking potential on

SVD Damper Solution must be engineered

by AFL

Damper must attach over

armor rods



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Cable Reel - Visual Inspection

Visually inspect all reels for any damage that may have occurred

during transit.

Be particularly alert for damage if:

A reel is laying flat on its side (flange).

Reels are stacked on top of each other.

Other freight is stacked on the reel.

Nails have been driven into the flange or lagging.

A reel flange is damaged or lagging is damaged.

The end seals of the cable have been removed or damaged, allowingpotential moisture ingress into the cable.



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Cable Preparation Prior to Install

The wood lagging or flexwrap should be thelast thing removed before installation.

The inside end tail should be loosened onthe reel prior to pulling.

This allows the inner layers of the reel to shift

and grow out if they need to.



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Installation Equipment



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Reel Stands

Reel stands are designed to be used with

tensioners to supply the necessary hold-back

tension to the cable

Reels are not designed to withstand the

forces developed by braking during high

tension stringing operations

Direct tension stringing from the

reel at cable installation stringing

tensions should not be attempted



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Bullwheel Characteristics

Recommended guidelines

Semicircular grooves with depths of 50% or morethan the cable diameter, and with a flare angle of5 to 15 from the vertical center line reference

The minimum radius at the bottom of the grooveshould be at least 35 times the diameter of thecable

Elastomer lined grooves or other smooth surfacefinish



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Puller Characteristics

The system should be capable of

maintaining a constant and even tension

Equipped with tension indicating and limiting

devices

Braking system to maintain a constant hold-back tension at various pulling speeds

Positive braking systems are required for

pullers and tensioners to maintain cable

tensions when pulling is stopped

Fail safe braking systems are recommended



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Travelers/Blocks

Lined Blocks Recommended

Large Diameter for:

First position after payoff

Final position before take-up

Heavy Angles (25 or greater)

Smaller Diameters

Tangent

12 minimum sheave diameter

At minimum, the first and lasttraveler should be grounded to the

structure


SS O G C


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Running Ground

Safety device for personnelprotection

Protects personnel from induced

voltages and transients

Requited at pay-out and at take-uplocations

Must be tied to a made ground of

multiple grounding rods


ADSS d OPGW C bl I t ll ti


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Sheave Groove Configuration

The minimum radius of the sheave groove (Rg) should be 55%

greater than the diameter of the cable

The minimum depth of the groove should be 25% greater than

the diameter of the cable

The sides of the groove should flare

between 15 to 20 from the vertical


ADSS d OPGW C bl I t ll ti


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Bending Radius for Equipment/Hardware

Equipment/HW Diameter

(minimum)Bull Wheel 70 X cable OD

1st

and Last

Structure StringingBlock

40 X cable OD

Angle Structures

(> 20 )

Cable

Manufacturers

Recommendation

Tangent Structures

(< 20 )

Typically < 30 X

cable OD




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Pull Rope

Torque Balanced

High Dielectric

Low Elongation

High UTS

Abrasion Resistance




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Grips and Swivels

Rated for max pull tension

2 Stage Double weave to single

Double Clevis Swivel

Rated for Load

Non-Breakaway

NEVER use the wire mesh grip to

tension or to hold cable under

tension




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Anti-Rotation Device

The use of the ARD depends upon the construction of the cable.

This device is utilized to avoid cable twisting during the pullingoperation.




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Tension Hoist

Rated for 2 X max sag tension

Ratchet type

Easy release mechanism

Take up length appropriate for sagoperation




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OPT-GW Temporary Tension Device

Tension Grip is also called a

comealong or pocketbook grip

Specifically engineered to each cable

design

Maximum tension rating is 5000 lbs

If higher tension is required then two

grips can be used in tandum




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ADSS Temporary Tension Grip

Rated for 2 X max sag tension or

2500 lbs

Easy release mechanism

Used with thimble clevis in bail Alternative is to use a regular DE

temporary

Cannot be used on Tracking-

Resistant Jackets.




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ADSS Formed Wire FIT Tool

Used to properly install

formed wire deadends and

suspensions

Snaps armor rods into place

without damaging the cable

jacket

Screwdrivers/Pliers will cut

the jacket and lead to failure




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Dynamometer

Utilized for final tensioning process

Must be rated for 2X the maximumsagging tension

Typical accuracy is 0.5% of full

scale reading of dynamometer




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OPT-GW Installation Process




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Pre-Pull Checklist

Verify power system outage and key power company contacts for calloutages

Verify fiber integrity by testing reels and comparing to factory readings

Inspect pull location for best setup of payout end verses the pulling end orthe direction

Identify key concern areas such as heavy line angle changes, road

crossings or elevation changes Verity length of pull verse length of cable. Be sure to plan for extra needed

for payout and pulling set up location. Account for sag requirements.

Frame tower or pole attachment hardware ahead of pull

Set up all travelers on tower structures Verify communications of payout and pulling technicians




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Installation Diagram


Pay-out end.

Pay-out in line with first two structures.

4 to 5 wraps on BW.

Reef per mfgr. Payout min.15 from BW.

3:1 lead-to-height ratio.

Breaking mechanism.

Proper traveler sizes.

ADR if required.

Take-up end.

Take-up in line with last two structures.

Low elongation pull rope or verifyintegrity of existing static wire.


Aerial double clevis swivel (rated) andwire mesh grip.

Watch for bird cage.

Max pulling speed < 250 ft/min.



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OPT-GW Stationary Reel Method

Complete make-ready prior to pull

Poles framed

Trees trimmed

Hazards identified

Payout pull rope through travelers of entirereel segment (+6km)

Attach cable to pull rope with wire mesh gripand clevis swivel

Establish 3 to 1 set up on both ends (pay-out and take-up)

Set up in-line with first 2 and last 2 structure Load cable and pull rope, start pull process

Sag deadend segment to deadend segment


ADSS and OPGW Cable InstallationA i l P T i i F iliti


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OPT-GW Helicopter Installations

Similar to Stationary Reel but no pull ropepayout


Structures framed

Road crossings prepared

Attach cable to helicopter leader rope(150) with wire mesh grip and clevisswivel

Load cable and pull rope, start payoutprocess with Helicopter

Transfer at last structure to puller and pre-sag to maximum installation tension

Target sag deadend segment to deadendsegment


12-7ADSS and OPGW Cable InstallationA i l P T i i F iliti


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OPGW Sag and Tension Considerations

OPGW Sag and Tension

Catenary Curve Analytic Method

Base on AE value of compositecable

Commercial Software like SAG-

10 and PLSCAD

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Key Input Parameters Diameter (in.)

Modulus (kpsi)

Weight (lbs/ft)

Maximum Rated Design Tension

(MRDT) (lbs) Rated Tensile Strength (RTS) (lbs)

Span ranges

Critical spans

SAG-10 Output




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Sag and Tension Rules

Target Sag (visual sag method)

Establish Soft Side DE on first structure

Sag on worse case span of DE segment

Establish reference at frame location onboth critical structures

Measure down to installation sagrequirement

Flag both structures at sag height withvisible surveyor flagging

Tension DE segment while observing sagfrom one of the structures

As sag of span is in-line with both flags

the cable is at the prescribed sag. Deadend the segment

Tension Sag (measured sag method)

Establish Soft Side DE on first

structure Go to next deadend location on the

hard side deadend

Rig Temporary DE at 2X length of DEfrom DE structure.

Rig Dynamometer in line withtemporary DE and hoist

Tension segment to requited sagtension

Verify sag visually on critical spansegment

Deadend the segment


12-22ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities


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What Not to DoDuring OPGW Installation

1. Do not use a tensioner with undersized bull wheels.

2. Do not utilize tensioner bull wheels without neoprene lining.

3. Do not reeve OPGW on the tensioner bull wheels from the

wrong side.

4. Do not locate the reel of OPGW too far from the tensioner.

5. Do not allow the OPGW cable to sag down between the reel andthe tensioner.

6. Do not install or string fiber optic cable without good

communications.

7. Do not utilize travelers without neoprene groove lining.

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12-22,23ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities


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8. Do not install travelers on tangent structures with groove

diameter less than 30x the cable diameter

9. Do not install travelers on heavy angle structures with groove

diameters less than 40x the cable diameter.

10. Do not fail to install temporary grounding at the tensioner and

puller.

11. Do not fail to utilize the correct type and size of cable grips.

12. Do not fail to install clamping devices and permanent grounding

to the cable within 24 hours of sagging and dead-ending.

13. Do not fail to install vibration dampers within 24 hours of saggingand dead-ending the fiber optic cable.

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14. Do not fail to install temporary grounding on the cable if the pull

is left overnight without the installation of permanent grounds.15. Do not fail to check and/or test the ground resistance at the base

of each tower to ensure that it has a resistance at or below 10 to

15.

16. Do not fail to check the condition of the existing shield wire if youare planning to use the existing wire to pull in the cable.

17. Do not fail to test the fibers immediately before the reels of cable

are installed.

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ADSS Installation Process



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Pre-Pull Checklist

Verify power system outage and key power company contacts for calloutages

Verify fiber integrity by testing reels and comparing to factory readings

Inspect pull location for best setup of payout end verses the pulling end orthe direction

Identify key concern areas such as heavy line angle changes, roadcrossings or elevation changes

Verity length of pull verse length of cable. Be sure to plan for extra neededfor payout and pulling set up location. Account for sag requirements.

Frame tower or pole attachment hardware ahead of pull

Set up all travelers on tower structures

Verify communications of payout and pulling technicians




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Pay-out end.

Pay-out in line with first two

structures.

4 to 5 wraps on BW.

Payout min. 15 from BW.


Breaking mechanism.

Proper traveler sizes.

Take-up end.

Take-up in line with last two

structures.

Low elongation pull rope.


Aerial double clevis swivel (rated)

and wire mesh grip.

Flag pulling grip for twist.

Max pulling speed < 250 ft/min.53

Back Pull Method


ADSS Installation



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Need clear right-of-way with no obstructions.

Back tension control on payout for cable overrun.

Slack tension stringing method but maintain ground clearance.

Cable payout off top of reel.

3:1 lead-to-height ratio on payout.

In-line structures strung through tangent attachments (


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ADSS Helicopter Installations

Similar to Stationary Reel but no pull rope payout


Structures framed Road crossings prepared

Attach cable to helicopter leader rope (150) withwire mesh grip and clevis swivel

Load cable and pull rope, start payout processwith Helicopter

Transfer at last structure to puller and pre-sag tomaximum installation tension

Target sag deadend segment to deadendsegment



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Sag and Tension Rules

Target Sag (visual sag method)

Establish Soft Side DE on first structure

Sag on worse case span of DE segment

Establish reference at frame location onboth critical structures

Measure down to installation sagrequirement

Flag both structures at sag height withvisible surveyor flagging

Tension DE segment while observing sagfrom one of the structures

As sag of span is in-line with both flagsthe cable is at the prescribed sag.

Deadend the segment

Tension Sag (measured sag method)

Establish Soft Side DE on firststructure

Go to next deadend location on thehard side deadend

Rig Temporary DE at 2X length of DEfrom DE structure.

Rig Dynamometer in line withtemporary DE and hoist

Tension segment to requited sagtension

Verify sag visually on critical spansegment

Deadend the segment



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ADSS Sag and Tension Considerations

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Catenary curve analytic method of sage and tension analysis

SAG10 or PLS CAD inputs of AE Value

Diameter (in. or mm)

Modulus (kpsi)

Maximum rated cable load (MRCL)

Rated tensile strength (RTS)

Deadend segment span ranges

Critical span or longest span of segment



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What Not to DoDuring ADSS Installation

1. Do not use a tensioner with undersized bull wheels.2. Do not utilize tensioner bull wheels without neoprene lining.

3. Do not locate the reel of ADSS too far from the tensioner.

4. Do not allow the ADSS cable to sag down between the reel and

the tensioner when pulling.

5. Do not install or string fiber optic cable without good

communications.

6. Do not utilize travelers without neoprene groove lining.

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What Not to DoDuring ADSS Installation

7. Do not pull cable through tangent supports on line angles

greater than or equal to 15.

8. Do not install travelers on angle supports with groove diametersless than 40x the cable diameter.

9. Do not fail to install temporary grounding at the tensioner and

puller.

10. Do not fail to utilize the correct type and size of tensioning grips.

11. Do not fail to install vibration dampers within 24 hours of sagging

and dead-ending the fiber optic cable.

12. Do not fail to test the fibers immediately before the reels of cableare installed.

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Sheath Repair



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End of Presentation


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