TRNH T XY DNG TI BI GI XE T NG

1. T VN

2. M HNH BI GI XE T NG

3. KT NI PHN CNG NG VO, RA PLC

4. CU TRC CHC NNG HOT NG NG VO PLC

5. CU TRC,CHC NNG ,NGUYN L HOT NG C CU CHP HNH

6. GII THIU B RFID

7. HOT NG M HNH

8. U IM, NHC IM

9. HNG PHT TRIN TI1.T VN Ngynay,cctrungtmthnhphlnvisphttrinmtdn cvxecngycngngc. cbitlsgiatngvslngxetngycngnhiuviunyphnno cngphnnhspht trincamtquc gia. Song song vi s pht trin , ngi ta t vn l xy dng nhng bi gi xe phc v cho ngi dn trong cng vic cng nh trong vic i li ca h. V th, ngy nay trn cc nc tin tin trn th gii nh Nht Bn, Hn Quc, nhng thnh ph cht hp, ngi ta xy dng h thng bi gi xe t t ng c trang b thit b nng di chuyn t t mt t ln im trn cao( h thng ni) hoc di chuyn xe xung im xe di lng t (h thng ngm). y l nhng gii php gip tng hn 100 ln s lng xe trn mt din tch truyn thng, cho php gii quyt tnh trang thiu mt bng xy dng.2.HTHNG BIGIXETTNG:. Khi xe vo hoc xe ra th cm bin s pht hin v tc ng n b iu khin h thng( PLC).PLC iu khin ng m ca.ng thi camera s ghi li hnh nh ca ngi li xe v bin s xe khi xe vo.khi xe ra th cammera chp li hnh nh v i chiu vi hnh nh lc xe vo.Khi bi xe cn trng xe, th n xanh s sng bo hiu l xe c php vo. Ngc li, khi bi xe y th n sng bo hiu l xe khng c php vo.v thanh chn khng c m trong c qua trnh bi xe lun hin th s lng xe c trong bi.H thng gi xe s dng th t RFID kt hp vi camera tng tin cy ca h thng.mt ci my vi tnh ghi li thng tin camera ngoi v trong bi gi xe3.mch kt ni phn cng ng vo,ra S7_200PLC l b iu khin lp trnh c s dng rt rng ri.l b iu khin chnh trong c cu dy chuyn ng gi sn phm ca hu ht cc nh my.i vi ti ny th ch s dng mt phn nh trong kho tn ng dng PLC .

Phn cng ca PLC gm:Power Supply: 24V, 48V, 120V, 240VCentral Processing Unit: c xem nh mt my tnh, y chng trnh ladder logic c lu v x l.Input and Output: Mi PLC phi c module giao tipng vo,ng ra PLC c th gim st v iu khin h thngIndicator light: Bo trng thi ca PLC

CU TRC MCH NG VO S PLC

CU TRC MCH NG RA S PLC uimcaPLC:Ckchthcnhgn,cthitkcthchucrungng, nhit, m v ting n. Cnnhcao. Ddngnhanhchngthayicutrccamchiukhinbng cchlptrnh li p ng yu cu iu khin m khng cn thay i phn cng. Cccchcnngkimtrali,dboli. Cthnhniccngdngnhanhvttnkm. Cthktnimngvitnhgimsththng. iukhinlinhhotadng.CcngdngcaPLC: iukhinbigixettng. iukhinccqutrnhsnsut. Gimsththng,antonnhxng. Hthngbong. iukhinthangmy.

4. CU TO CHC NNG NGUYN L HOT NG THIT B IN CUNG CP TN HIU U VO PLC

4.1CMBINQUANGlcmbinhotngdatrnnguyntc phtvthutn hiu nh sng.C 2 dng cm bin quang: Cm bin quang dng thu v pht ri:

Lcmbingmhaibphtvthuctchriraring bit. Cc thit b chuyn mch quang in vn hnh theo kiu truyn pht, vt th cn pht hin s chn chm sng (thng l bc x hng ngoi) khng cho chng chiu ti thit b d.

Diode pht quangThit b d quang

Cm bin quang dng thu v pht chung:

Lcmbingmhaiphnphtvthucgpchungthnhmt khi. Cc thit b chuyn mch quang in vn hnh theo kiu phn x, vt th cn pht hin s phn chiu chm nh sng ln thit b d.

con pht

Vt thcon thu

Trongchailoitrn,ccphtxthngthnglDiodephtquang(LED).Thit b d bc x c th l Transistor quang, thng l hai Transistor c gi l cp Darlington. Cp Darlington lm tng nhy ca thit b. Ty theo mch c s dng u ra c th c ch to chuyn mch n mc thp khi nh sng n Transistor.Cccmbinccungcpdidngcchpcmnhnscmtcacc vt th khong cch ngn, thng nh hn 5mm i vi cm bin ch U.iviccloicmbinnitrn,nhsngcchuynthnhsthayidngin,inp hoc in tr chnh l mt c trng mang bn cht in.

4.2) CNG TC HNH TRNHCng tc hnh trnh l kh c in dng ng ct mch dng li in h p -N c tc dng ging nh nt n ng tc n bng tay c thay th bng ng tc va chm ca cc b phn c kh, lm cho qu trnh chuyn ng c kh thnh tn hiu in ** K hiu: b phn tip im ca cng tc hnh trnh bao gi cng c 1 tip im thng m v 1 tip im thng ng, trong tip im ng l chung. Trong cc s in th tip im ca cng tc hnh trnh c k hiu: 1 .Cu to cng tc hnh trnh Dng ng ngt mch in iu khin trong truyn ng t ng ha.ty thuc v tr c gt cc c cu chuyn ng c kh nhm t ng iu khin hnh trnh lm vic hay t ng ngt in cui hnh trnh m bo an ton. ( cng tc im cui ) Trong : 1: C gt (nm trn b phn di chuyn) 2: Cn by 3: Gi tip im 4: Tip im C gt 1 c t trn c cu dch chuyn c kh.

5.CU TRC,CHC NNG ,NGUYN L HOT NG CC C CU CHP HNH CA H THNG5.1 Rle:Rlelloikhcintngngngtmchiniu khin, t ng ng ngt cc tip im khi c ngun tc ng tc l khi c in th cc tip im thng m th ng li v tip im thng ng th m ra dung o chiu ng c.Nguyn l hot ng:Rlehotngdatrnnguynlint.Khicdnginchy qua, cun dy s sinh ra lc ht in t, ht tm kim loi mng v pha li vi mt lc, nu lc cang thng lc cn ca l xo th cc tip im thng m cua Rle s ng li lm kn mch iu khin. Khi dng in trong cun dy gim hoc khi ngt in tr v v tr ban u.ng dng:Lmtthitbchphnhin,khicnguntcngthngcshot ng v c th o chiu quay ca ng c nh vo tc ng ca Rle cng nh l ca b iu khin PLC.5.2NG C gm 2 phn chnh:Stator: L phn ng yn, gm:+Vt liu dn t. +Dy dn.+V my.Rotor gm:+Li st c nhim v dn t.+Dy qun.Nguyn l hot ng:Datrnhintngcmngint.Khicdnginiquacundycangc,cundycangcssinhratthng,tthngbinthinssinhrascinngcmng,cm ng ln Rotor nn Rotor quay, do ng c hot ng5.3 CNG TC T Kh c in l nhng thit b, c cu in dng iu khin cc qu trnh sn xut, bin i, truyn ti, phn phi nng lng in v cc dng nng lng khc. Theo lnh vc s dng, cc kh c in c chia thnh 5 nhm, trong mi nhm c nhiu chng loi khc nhau. Cng tc t l loi kh c in dng thng xuyn ng ct t xa cc mch in ng lc bng tay hay t ng. Cng tc t xoay chiu dng i ni cc mch in xoay chiu; nam chm in ca n l nam chm in xoay chiu. Nhng cng c loi cng tc t dng ng ct mch in xoay chiu nhng nam chm in li l nam chm in mt chiu. II. PHN LOI. 1.Theo nguyn tc truyn ng: ta c ba kiu CTT, vic ng ct c thc hin bng nam chm in, thu lc hay kh nn. 2.Theo ch lm vic: - Ch lm vic nh: khi s ln thao tc ti 400 ln/h. - Ch lm vic trung bnh: khi s ln thao tc ti 600 ln/h. - Ch lm vic nng: khi s ln thao tc ln hn 1500 ln/h. III.CC THNG S CH YU CA CNG TC T. 1. in p nh mc Um: l in p nh mc ca mch in tng ng m mch in ca CTT phi ng ct. in p nh mc c cc cp: 110V, 220V, 440V mt chiu v 127V, 220V, 380V, 500V xoay chiu.

2. Dng in nh mc Im:

l dng in nh mc i qua tip im chnh ca CTT trong ch lm vic gin on lu di, ngha l ch ny thi gian tip im ca CTT trng thi ng khng qu 8h. Dng in nh mc ca CTT h p thng dng c cc cp: 10; 20; 25; 40; 60; 75; 100; 150; 250; 300; 600; 800A. Nu CTT t trong t in th dng in nh mc phi ly thp hn 10% do iu kin lm mt km. ch lm vic lu di, ngha l khi tip im ca CTT trng thi ng lu hn 8h th dng in nh mc ca CTT ly thp hn khong 20% do ch ny lng xit kim loi tip im tng v vy lm tng in tr tip xc v nhit tip im tng qu gi tr cho php.

3. in p cun dy nh mc Ucdm: l in p nh mc t vo cun dy. Khi tnh ton, thit k CTT thng phi bo m lc in p bng 85%Ucdm th phi sc ht v lc in p bng 110%Ucdm th cun dy khng c nng qu tr s cho php. 4. S cc:

l s cp tip im chnh ca CTT. Cng tc t in xoay chiu c 2; 3; 4 hoc 5 cc. 5. S cp tip im ph:

thng trong CTT c cc cp tip im ph thng ng v thng m c dng in nh mc 5A hoc 10A. 6. Kh nng ng v kh nng ct:

l gi tr dng in cho php i qua tip im chnh khi ngt hoc khi ng. CTT dng khi ng ng c in xoay chiu 3 pha, rto lng sc cn phi c kh nng ng t 4 7 ln Im. CTT in xoay chiu t 10Im vi ph ti in cm. 7.Tui th ca CTT:

l s ln ng ct m sau s ln ng ct y CTT s hng khng dng c na. S h hng ca n c th do mt bn c hay bn in. - Tui th c kh l s ln ng ct khng ti cho n khi CTT hng. CTT hin i tui th c kh t 2.107 ln. - Tui th in l s ln ng ct ti nh mc.Thng tui th v in bng 1/5 hay 1/10 tui th c kh. 8.Tn s thao tc: l s ln ng ct CTT cho php trong 1h. Tn s thao tc ca CTT b hn ch bi s pht nng ca tip chnh do h quang v s pht nng ca cun dy do dng in. Tn s thao tc thng c cc cp 30, 100, 120, 150; 300; 600; 1200; 1500 ln/h. 9.Tnh n nh in ng:

ngha l khi tip im chnh ca CTT cho php mt dng in ln nht i qua m lc in ng sinh ra khng ph hu mch vng dn in. Thng qui nh dng in n nh in ng bng 10Im. 10.Tnh n nh nhit: ngha l khi c dng in ngn mch chy qua trong thi gian cho php, cc tip im khng b nng chy v hn dnh.

YU CU CHUNG KHI THIT K. 1. Cc yu cu v k thut:

- bn nhit ca cc chi tit, b phn ca kh c in khi lm vic ch nh mc v ch s c. - Dn in tt. - bn cch in ca cc chi tit cch in v khong cch cch in khi lm vic vi in p ln nht khng xy ra phng in, ko di trong iu kin mi trng xung quanh ( nh ma, m, bi, tuyt...) cng nh khi c qu in p ni b hoc qu in p do kh quyn gy ra. - bn c v tnh chu mn ca cc b phn kh c in trong gii hn s ln thao tc thit k, thi hn lm vic ch nh mc v ch s c. - Kh nng ng ct ch nh mc v ch s c. - Kt cu n gin, khi lng v kch thc b. 2. Cc yu cu v vn hnh: - Chu c nh hng ca mi trng xung quanh : m, cao... - C tin cy cao. - Tui th ln, thi gian s dng lu di. - n gin, d thao tc, d sa cha, thay th. - Chi ph vn hnh t, tiu tn nng lng t. 3. Cc yu cu v kinh t, x hi:

- Gi thnh h, c tnh thm m cao. - Vn u t khi thit k, ch to, lp rp, vn hnh t. - To iu kin d dng, thun tin cho ngi vn hnh v mt tm, sinh l, c th... - An ton trong lp rp vn hnh. 4. Cc yu cu v cng ngh ch to: - Tnh cng ngh ca kt cu : dng cc chi tit, cm quy chun, tnh lp ln... - Lu n kh nng ch to : mt bng sn xut, c im t chc sn xut, kh nng ca thit b. - Kh nng pht trin ch to, lp ghp vo cc t hp khc, ch to dy...

CU TO CHUNG CA CNG TC T:

1.Cu to:

Cng tc t gm cc b phn chnh sau: - H thng mch vng dn in, bao gm: thanh dn ( thanh dn ng v thanh dn tnh ), dy ni mm, u ni, h thng tip im ( gm c tip im ng v tip im tnh, gi tip im ), cun dy dng in ( nu c, k c cun dy thi t dp h quang ). - H thng dp h quang. - Nam chm in xoay chiu. - H thng l xo : l xo nh , l xo tip im, l xo gim chn rung... - V v cc chi tit cch in.

2. Nguyn l hot ng: Khi t in p vo cun dy ca nam chm in, lung t thng s c sinh ra trong nam chm in. Lung t thng ny s sinh ra mt lc in t, ht phn ng ca n. Khi lc in t ln hn lc c th np mch t c ht v pha mch t tnh, lm cho tip im ng gn trn phn ng ng hoc ct vi tip im tnh. Tip im tnh c gn trn thanh dn, u kia ca thanh dn vt bt dy in ra, vo. Cc l xo tip im c tc dng duy tr mt lc p tip im cn thit ln tip im. ng thi tip im ph cng c ng vo i vi tip im ph thng m v m ra i vi tip im ph thng ng, l xo nh b nn li. Khi ngt in vo cun dy, lung t thng s gim xung v khng, ng thi lc in t do n sinh ra cng gim v khng. Khi l xo nh s y ton b phn ng ca cng tc t ln v ct dng in ti ra. Khi tip im ng tch khi tip tnh th h quang s xut hin gia hai tip im.Khi h thng dp h quang s nhanh chng dp tt h quang, nh vy tip im t b mn hn

5.4 N BOn 220vac thng tin tnh trng ca bi gi xe ,nu n xanh th cn ch,n th ht ch v khng cho xe vo na

6) GII THIU V B RFIDRFID l g?RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, nhn dng bng sng v tuyn) l mt phng php nhn dng t ng da trn vic lu tr d liu t xa, s dng thit b th RFID v mt u c RFID

Th RFID c th thay th cho cc m vch trn cc sn phm c bn ti cc siu th bn l. Thay v phi a thit b vo st m vch qut, RFID cho php thng tin c th c truyn qua nhng khong cch nh mkhngcnmttipxcvtlnoc.Th RFID c a vo s dng trong rt nhiu lnh vc nh: Qun l nhn s, qun l hng ha vo/ra siu th, nh kho, ... theo di ng vt, qun l xe c qua trm thu ph, lm th h chiu

Mt h thng RFID ti thiu hm nhng thit b sau:

1/ Th RFID(RFID Tag, cn c gi l transponder): l mt th gn chp + Anten 02 loi: RFIDpassivetag vactive

oPassive tags: Khng cn ngun ngoi v nhn nng lng t thit b c. Khong cch c ngn.

oActive tags: c nui bng PIN, s dng vi khong cch c ln

2/Readerhoc sensor (ci cm bin): c thng tin t cc th, c th t c nh hoc lu ng.

3/Antenna: l thit b lin kt gia th v thit b c. Thit b c pht x tn hiu sng kch hat v truyn nhn vi th.

4.Server: nhu nhn, x l d liu, phc v gim st, thng k, iu khin,..

im ni bt ca RFID l cng ngh khng s dng tia sng nh m vch, khng tip xc trc tip. Mt vi loi th c th c c xuyn qua cc mi trng, vt liu nh B tng, tuyt, sng m, bng , sn, v cc iu kin mi trng thch thc khc m m vch v cc cng ngh khc khng th pht huy hiu qu.

Th RFID c th c trong khong thi gian < 10ms. V s cn c hiu qu trong cc ng dng thc tin pht sinh trong i sng.

RFID c phi l mi ?

Cng ngh RFID c bt u cp ti t khi lu t nhng nm th chin II khi Khng qun hong gia Anh - British Royal Air Force (RAF) s dng nhn dng phn bit my bay ca RAF v my bay c. Ngy nay n c ng dng trong cuc sng v tnh cnh tranh vi cc kha cnh hp dn ca RFID.

Cc khong cch c chun ca thit b RFID?

Khong cch c ph thuc vo mt s thng s v iu kin c th, ty thuc vo th l Active hay Passive Tag. Phn ln th RFID Passive c khong cch c