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Mahesh Shinde’s RMahesh Shinde’s

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(1-A)

INSTRUCTIONS

Time Allowed : Two Hours Date : 03-02-2019 Maximum Marks : 200

1. IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE EXAMINATION, YOU SHOULD CHECK

THAT THIS BOOKLET DOES NOT HAVE ANY UNPRINTED OR TORN OR MISSING PAGES OR

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Test Booklet in the Box provided alongside.

Do NOT write anything else on the Test Booklet.

3. This Booklet contains 100 items (questions). Each items

comprises four responses (answers). You will select the response which you want to mark on the Answer

Sheet. In case you feel that there is more than one correct response, mark the response which you consider

the best. In any case, choose ONLY ONE response for each item.

4. You have to mark all your responses ONLY on the separate Answer Sheet provided. See directions in the

Answers Sheet.

5. All items carry equal marks.

6. Before you proceed to mark in the Answer Sheet the response to various items in the Test Booklet, you have

to fill in some particulars in the Answer Sheet.

7. After you have completed filling in all your responses on the Answer Sheet and the examination has concluded,

you should hand over to the Invigilator only the Answer Sheet. You are permitted to take away with you the

Test Booklet.

8. Sheets for rough work are appended in the Test Booklet at the end.

9. Penalty for wrong answers :

THERE WILL BE PENALTY FOR WRONG ANSWERS MARKED BY A CANDIDATE IN

THE OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTION PAPERS.

i) There are four alternatives for the answer to every question. For each question for which a wrong

answer has been given by the candidate, one-third of the marks assigned to that question will be deducted

as penalty.

ii) If a candidate gives more than one answer, it will be treated as wrong answer even if one of the given

answers happens to be correct and there will be same penalty as above to that question.

iii) If a question is left blank, i.e., no answer is given by the candidate, there will be no penalty for that

question.

Mahesh Shinde’s

Dnyanadeep's IASFor UPSC - IAS / IPS / IFS

TEST BOOKLET

GENERAL STUDIES

PAPER - IA

Test Booklet Series

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Mahesh Shinde’sR

Environment-Comprehensive/2019



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(2-A)

1. Consider the following statements regarding

Earth Hour :

1. It is a worldwide movement for the planet

to create a sustainable world.

2. It is organised by the Worldwide Fund

for Nature (WWF) by annually.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

2. With respect to the principles of ecosystem,

consider the following statements :

1. Flow of energy in an ecosystem is

unidirectional.

2. Flow of Nutrient in an ecosystem is cyclic.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

3. What are the possible effects of Eutrophication

in a water body?

1. Increased biodiversity.

2. New species invasion.

3. Toxicity of water increases due to certain

Algal bloom.

Select the correct answer using the codes given

below :

(a) 2 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 2 and 3 only

4. Which of the following is not an example of

Ex-situ bioremediation?

(a) Land farming

(b) Windrow Composting

(c) Bioventing

(d) Bioreactor



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(3-A)

5. Which of the following is not a green house

gas?

1. Methane

2. Chlorofluorocarbons

3. Carbon dioxide

4. Ammonia

5. Carbon monoxide

Select the correct answer using the code given

below:

(a) 1 and 5 only

(b) 2, 3 and 4 only

(c) 4 only

(d) 5 only

6. Consider the following statements :

1. When compared to the static water, the

oxygen level is high in running water.

2. High BOD, COD in water bodies turns

the habitat hyperoxic and anoxic.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

7. A bush land has two top predators 'X' and 'Y',

in which 'X' is a greater predator than 'Y'. This

bush land also has two herbivores 'A' and 'B',

in which 'A' is preferred by 'X' and 'B' is

preferred by 'Y'. Now because of poaching,

the population of 'A' has reduced considerably.

Which of the following impact will be

experienced in the long run?

1. Competition between two predators.

2. Man animal conflict will be created.

3. Predators ‘Y’ will be pushed out of the

habitat.

4. Population of herbivore ‘B’ will be

reduced.


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1, 2 and 3 only

(c) 1, 2 and 4 only

(d) All of the above



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(4-A)

8. Which of the following are the characteristics of

climax community?

1. Vegetation is tolerant to environmental

conditions.

2. When compared intermediate community

it has more diversity and complex food

web.

3. Individuals in the climax stage are replaced

by others of the same kind.


below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only


9. With reference to Mudumalai Tiger reserve,

consider the following statements:

1. It is located in the state of Kerala.

2. It is located within Nilgiri Biosphere

reserve.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

10. Which of the following biosphere reserves are

present in Madhya Pradesh?

1. Panna

2. Pachmarhi

3. Achanakmar- Amarkantak


below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 only


11. Consider the following about a National park:

1. It is characterized by the high Alpine peaks,

Alpine meadows, and Riverine Forests.

2. Sainj, Tirthan and Parvati rivers flow

through this National Park.

3. It is the habitat for the largest known

population of the western Tragopan, an

endangered species of pheasants.

Which of the following National parks is best

described by the above features?

(a) Hemis National park

(b) Dachigam National park

(c) Great Himalayan National Park

(d) Kishtwar National park



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(5-A)

12. Which of the following animal species are

naturally found in Antarctica?

1. Caribous

2. Lemming

3. Musk ox


below :

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3

(d) None of the above

13. With respect to Boreal forest, consider the

following statements :

1. Mostly it is occupied by soft wood trees.

2. Supports pure stand of coniferous forest.

3. Soil is mineral deficit and alkaline.


correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only


14. Consider the following trees :

1. Sheesham

2. Sal

3. Avicennia

Which of the above trees grows in tropical

deciduous forest?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only



1. When compared to Eutrophic Lake,

Oligotrophic Lake has high species

diversity.

2. Nitrogen and Phosphorous determine the

trophic level of water bodies, because they

are the vital nutrient for primary

productivity.

Which of the above statement is/are not correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2



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(6-A)

16. Some statements about the Mangrove forest in

India are given below. Indicate whether they

are true or false using the code given below the

statements :

1. Mangroves are a group of trees and shrubs

that live in the coastal intertidal zone.

2. All of these trees grow in areas with low

oxygen soil, where slow-moving waters

allow fine sediments to accumulate.

3. Mangrove forests can grow at higher

latitudes also.

4. The intricate root system of mangroves also

makes these forests unattractive to fish and

other organisms.

Select the correct answer from the code given

below :

(a) 1-False, 2-False, 3-True, 4-True.

(b) 1-True, 2-True, 3-True, 4-False.

(c) 1-False, 2-False, 3-False, 4-False.

(d) 1-True, 2-True, 3-False, 4-False.

17. With respect to the coral distribution in India,

consider the following statements :

1. In India coral diversity is high in Gulf of

Kutch.

2. Most of the atoll reef is located in

Lakshadweep islands.

3. In India there is no co-development of

mangrove and corals in any coast.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 1 and 2 only

(d) 2 and 3 only

18. Which of the following is/are the reason for the

absence of coral reef in India’s northern coast

of Bay of Bengal?

1. High influx of fresh water

2. Existence of huge suspended particles

3. Heavy monsoonal rain.


below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only




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(7-A)

19. With reference to Bonnethead shark, consider

the following statements:

1. It is the only shark which displays sexual

dimorphism.

2. It is the only shark species known to be

omnivorous.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

20. Which of the following provisions is/are added

in the Plastic waste management rules, 2016?

1. Minimum thickness of plastic carry bags

has been increased from 40 microns to 50

microns.

2. It expands the jurisdiction of applicability

of this rule from the municipal area to rural

areas.

3. Bring in the responsibilities of producers

and generators both in plastic waste

management system and to introduce

collect back system of plastic waste by

the producers/brand owners, as per

extended producers responsibility.


below.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only


21. Colony collapse disorder phenomenon is related

to which species?

(a) Olive Ridley.

(b) Dolphins.

(c) Elephants.

(d) Bees.

22. Sea grasses have undergone a considerable

decline in the last few decades as a result of

eutrophication, and from the destruction of

seabed habitat by coastal developments such as

dredging and port installations. Which of the

following species depends almost exclusively on

seagrass and is found in shallow tropical waters

of the Indian Ocean and South-west Pacific?

(a) Irrawaddy dolphin.

(b) Olive ridley.

(c) Harbour porpoise.

(d) Dugong.



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(8-A)

23. The health and extent of coral reefs are largely

dependent on coastal mangrove forests. In which

of the following ways do mangrove forest affect

coral reef?

1. Stabilize shorelines.

2. Blocks fresh water flow into coral

ecosystem.

3. Provide nursery habitat that maintain

fisheries.


correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only


24. What does Biotic potential mean?

(a) The maximum reproductive capacity of an

organism under optimum environmental

conditions.

(b) The maximum energy mass that a organism

can produce under ideal environmental

conditions.

(c) It is the upper limit to biotic life sustenance

in the absence of mortality

(d) Non-living chemical and physical parts of

the environment that affect living organisms

and the functioning of ecosystems.

25. Marine debris and pollution consisting mostly of

plastic trash is accumulating in oceans around

the world. From the surface of the ocean, you

might not even realize that a vast garbage patch

swirls under the water. With ever-changing

content and borders, scientists have difficulty

estimating the size of these garbage patches.

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch exists in the

northern Pacific Ocean, stretching between Japan

and the United States. With reference to the

above passage, what effect does garbage

patches have on the ocean ecosystem?

1. Inhibits the growth of algae, as plastics

can block sunlight.

2. Plastic can enter into food web of marine

ecosystem.

3. PCB, or Polychlorinated Biphenyl, is

known to accumulate in plastic, and can

accumulate to toxic levels in marine life

and in the humans that consume marine

life.


correct?

(a) 2 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only




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(9-A)

26. Which of the following statements regarding the

Biodiversity Conservation is/are correct?

1. Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety aims to

ensure safe transfer, handle and use of living

modified organisms resulting from modern

biotechnology.

2. The Objective of Nagoya Protocol on

Access and Benefit Sharing is to fair and

equitable sharing of benefits arising from

the utilization of genetic resources.

3. India is party to both Cartagena Protocol

and Nagoya Protocol.


below:

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only


27. The Dissolved Oxygen (DO) is Oxygen that is

dissolved in water. The oxygen dissolves by

diffusion from the surrounding air; aeration of

water that has tumbled over falls and rapids.

Why is Dissolved Oxygen important in water?

1. Dissolved Oxygen is used as an indicator

of water quality and eutrophication status

of estuaries.

2. It is necessary for the survival of fish,

invertebrates, bacteria, and underwater

plants

3. Decomposition of organic matter


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only


28. Consider the following statements regarding the

Nitrogen cycle:

1. Nitrogen fixation in atmosphere can be

done by lightning and cosmic radiation.

2. The process of conversion of nitrates into

free nitrogen is known as denitrification.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2



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(10-A)

29. Environment is a sum total of biotic and abiotic

components, influences and events surrounding

an organism. Here which of the following is/are

an example of abiotic component?

1. Lipids and humic substances.

2. Sea sponges

3. Subsoil Fauna

4. Atmosphere

5. Radiation


below :

(a) 2, 4 and 5 only

(b) 4 and 5 only

(c) 1, 2, 4 and 5

(d) 1, 4, and 5 only

30. Desertification is defined as a process of land

degradation in arid, semi-arid and sub-humid

areas due to various factors such as :

1. Overgrazing.

2. Urbanization.

3. Over drafting of groundwater.

4. Tillage practices in agriculture that place

soils less vulnerable to wind.


below :

(a) 2 and 3 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3 only


31. Which of the following biotic interaction will have

the following characteristics?

1. Act as ‘conduits’ for energy transfer across

trophic levels.

2. Provide population stability.

3. Maintains species diversity in a community.


below :

(a) Mutualism.

(b) Competition.

(c) Predation.

(d) Amensalism.

32. Ecological tipping point refers to _______.

(a) Farthest place of biosphere where there is

an existence of life.

(b) Critical point in an evolving situation that

leads to a new and irreversible development

(c) Margins of biomes.

(d) Climax community of the succession.



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(11-A)

33. Consider the following statements with reference

to Planktons in marine ecosystem :

1. They are non mobile, too small and weak

to swim against the current, exist in a

drifting state.

2. Planktons in marine ecosystem perform

both the roles of producers as well as

decomposer.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

34. With reference to ‘Pondicherry shark’, consider

the following statements:

1. It is locally known as Pala Sora.

2. It is listed as critically endangered under

IUCN red list.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

35. The only global and UN-based intergovernmental

organization established exclusively for the

conservation and management of terrestrial,

aquatic and avian migratory species throughout

their range under the United Nations Environment

Program (UNEP) is _________.

(a) Vienna Convention.

(b) Bonn Convention.

(c) Washington Convention.

(d) Ramsar convention.


Sacred groves :

1. They are pristine stretches of forests that

must be registered under National parks.

2. They have been left untouched by the local

tribals as any interference with them is

banned by the local community.

Which of the statement given above is/are

correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2




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(12-A)

37. As per the Environment (Protection) Rules,

1986, emissions of which of the following

compounds, emitted by certain industries, is

regulated by the Central Pollution Control

Board?

1. Caustic Soda Industry : Mercury

2. Man-made fibres : Suspended

Industry Solids

3. Petroleum and : Sulphides

Oil Refinery

Select the correct answer using the codes below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 3 only


38. Consider the following with reference to

Indicator species :

1. Amphibians make good indicator species

because they live in two environments, land

and water.

2. Indicator species can also be used to

determine the health of an ecosystem.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

39. National Board for Wild Life, a “Statutory

Organization” constituted under the Wildlife

Protection Act, 1972 is chaired by which of the

following persons?

(a) The Prime Minister.

(b) Minister for Environment.

(c) Retired Supreme court judge.

(d) An eminent person appointed by the

government.

40. With reference to Himalayan Yew, consider the

following statements.

1. It is an endemic and exclusive species of

Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot region.

2. Taxol extracted from the plant has been

successfully used to treat some cancers

3. It is currently classified as endangered by

the IUCN.

Select the correct answer using the codes below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 3 only

(d) 1 and 3 only

41. Very small animals are rarely found in polar

regions.This is mainly because:

(a) Very small animals find it difficult to escape

predators in polar regions.

(b) Small animals have a larger surface area

relative to their volume and they tend to

lose body heat very fast when it is cold

outside.

(c) Small animals find it difficult to find food in

polar regions.




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(13-A)

42. Consider the following statements regarding the

Secure Himalaya Project :

1. It was launched by Union Ministry of

Environment, Forests and Climate Change

(MoEFCC) in association with the United

Nations Development Programme

(UNDP).

2. It aims to ensure conservation of locally

and globally significant biodiversity, land

and forest resources in high Himalayan

ecosystem spread over four states viz.

Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir,

Uttarakhand and Sikkim.

3. The key focus areas of the project is

protection of Snow leopard and other

endangered species and their habitats,

securing livelihoods of people in the region

and enhancing enforcement to reduce

wildlife crime.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only



to Vulture Safe Zones :

1. It is a form of Ex-situ conservation

mechanism

2. A Vulture Safe Zone (VSZ) is a

geographical area, the natural habitat of

wild vultures, of at least 100 Km radius

made free of the presence of the drug

diclofenac in animal carcasses, the major

food of vultures.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

44. Which among the following Biotic interactions is

matched correctly?

(I) (II)

1. Relationship between - Amensalism

Cattle egrets and Cattle.

2. Trees in Rainforest - Commensalism

ecosystem

3. Lion and Zebra - Predation


below :

(a) 3 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 2 only




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(14-A)


to biodiversity :

1. Biodiversity usually increases as we move

from Coastal marshland to mid ocean

ridges

2. Biodiversity decreases as we climb along

a mountain.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2


1. National Park is a reserved area meant

for preservation and development of

endangered species.

2. Biosphere reserves is a reserved area

meant for preserving its natural vegetation,

wildlife and natural beauty.

3. Sanctuary is a multipurpose protected

areas to preserve genetic diversity in

representative ecosystems.


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) All of the above


47. Which of the following statements is not correct

with reference to Vegetative propagation /

clones?

(a) Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual

reproduction of a plant.

(b) Only one plant is involved and the offspring

is the result of one parent.

(c) The new plant is not genetically identical

to the parent.

(d) In vascular plants, vegetative reproductive

plant parts include roots, stems, and leaves.

48. Biodiversity is the number and variety of

organisms found within a specified geographical

region. Consider the following in this regard and

choose the correct ones.

1. Biodiversity is richer in temperate region

compared to the Tropical and Polar

regions.

2. Biodiversity is a system in constant

evolution, from a view point of species

and individual organisms.

3. With the emergence of new species,

biodiversity is on a rise compared to earlier

times.


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only




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(15-A)

49. Ecosystems can be divided into Biomes.

Consider the following statements about Biomes

and choose the correct ones:

1. Biomes are the classifications of the

terrestrial ecosystems only.

2. A Biome is a plant and animal community

that covers a large geographical area.

3. The boundaries of different Biomes on land

are determined mainly by the climate.


below :

(a) 2 and 3 only

(b) 3 only

(c) 1 and 2 only


50. The conservation of Biodiversity is a must for

the human existence. Consider the following in

this context and choose the incorrect ones:

1. Biodiversity hotspot is an IUCN identified

biodiversity region and are identified

according to their flora and fauna.

2. The Mega diversity centre is a biodiversity

region as per the Wild Life (Protection)

Act, 1972, and there are 12 such identified

regions.

3. India is a signatory to the Convention of

Biodiversity at the Earth Summit held at

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Select the answer from the code given below :

(a) 2 and 3 only

(b) All of the above

(c) 1 and 2 only


51. Which of the following are ecological causes of

coral bleaching?

1. Solar irradiance.

2. Decrease in sediment load.

3. Rapid dilution of fresh water.


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only



to Primary succession :

1. In ecology, primary succession is

succession driven only by the abiotic

components of an ecosystem.

2. Climate change due to non anthropological

reasons will induce primary succession.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2



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(16-A)

53. Consider the following characteristics :

1. They are the most common type of coral

reef that we see.

2. They grow near the coastline around islands

and continents.

The above characteristics are suitable to which

of the following coral reefs?

(a) Barrier reefs.

(b) Atolls.

(c) Patch reefs.

(d) Fringing reefs.


to Biomagnification :

1. It is an increase in concentration of a

pollutant from the environment to the first

organism in a food chain.

2. Biomagnification occurs with toxins that are

stored short term in the organism (bio

accumulative) and are metabolized and

excreted quickly.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

55. Ecological balance is a state of dynamic

equilibrium within a community of organisms in

a habitat or ecosystem. Consider the following

statements in this context and choose the correct

ones.

1. Ecological balance happens when the

diversity of the living organisms remains

relatively stable.

2. Gradual changes do take place but happens

only through natural succession.

3. Ecological imbalance creation is always

man-made and happens only due to the

introduction of new species or other human

activities.


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only




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(17-A)


1. Habitat is unique for a species while no

two species in a habitat can have the same

niche

2. The term habitat means the sum of all the

activities and relationships of a species by

which it uses the resources in its niche for

its survival and reproduction.

Select the incorrect statement (s) using the code

given below :

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) None of the above.

57. Primary succession is much more difficult than

Secondary succession because :

1. There are relatively very few places on

earth that do not already have communities

of organisms.

2. It takes more time due to formation of soil

in the process of Primary Succession.


below :

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2



to Jhuming cultivation in India :

1. Jhum (Shifting) cultivation is a primitive

practice of cultivation in States of North

Eastern Hill Region of India and people

involved in such cultivation are called

Jhumia.

2. Jhuming cultivation will allow tropical rain

forests to expel unproductive species in

that ecosystem and becomes more diverse


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2


with reference to ecotype?

(a) An ecotype is a population (or subspecies

or race) that can be adapted to any

environmental conditions.

(b) Species in ecotypes are narrowed down

more specifically.

(c) Ecotypes appear in response to a process

of natural selection within species.

(d) An ecotype may become a species through

a process of isolation which keeps the

ecotype from interbreeding with others



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(18-A)

60. Denitrification is a key process in water

treatment, it is the conversion of nitrates (NO3)

to inert nitrogen gas (N2). Which of the following

agents aid in the process of denitrification?

(a) Bacteria

(b) Algae

(c) Virus

(d) Fungi

61. Consider the following :

1. Earthworm.

2. Penicillium.

3. Woodlice.

4. Sea cucumbers.

5. Mushrooms.

Which of the above are Decomposers?

(a) 1, 3 and 4 only

(b) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

(c) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only

(d) 2, 3 and 4 only


to Wetlands Rules, 2017 :

1. The new rules, notified by the environment

ministry, centralise wetlands management.

2. Wetland rules, 2017 deletes manmade

wetlands from the definition of wetlands.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

63. With reference to the 'CarbFix project', which

was frequently in News, Which one of the

following statements is correct?

(a) It aims to fix health issues related to

carbohydrates consumption in human

bodies.

(b) It is a project intended to lock away

carbon dioxide by reacting it with basaltic

rocks.

(c) It is a Private space mission intended to

send humans to International Space Station.

(d) It is a pilot project extracting hydrocarbons

from deep seas.



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(19-A)

64. Which Biosphere Reserve describes the

following features given below?

1. It was established in September, 1986.

2. The total area of the biosphere reserve is

around 5,520 Sq. Km.

3. It possesses different habitat types,

unspoilt areas of natural vegetation types

with several dry scrubs, dry and moist

deciduous, semi evergreen and wet

evergreen forests, evergreen sholas,

grasslands and swamps.

4. It includes the largest known population

of endangered animal species,namely the

Lion-tailed macaque.

5. Its topography is extremely varied, ranging

from an altitude of 250 m to 2,650 m.


below :

(a) Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve

(b) Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve

(c) Sunderbans Biosphere Reserve

(d) Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve

65. The world’s first ‘White Tiger safari’ opened up

in which of the following States?

(a) Chhattisgarh

(b) Madhya Pradesh

(c) Odisha

(d) Karnataka

66. Which of the following groups of animals can

be found mostly in Inter-tidal zones?

(a) Mammals

(b) Amphibians

(c) Vertebrates

(d) Invertebrates

67. Which of the following species are present only

in India?

1. Asiatic Lion

2. Kashmir Stag

3. Asiatic Cheetah

4. Pygmy Hog


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 4 only

(c) 2, 3 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2 and 4 only .



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(20-A)


with reference to Hydroponics?

(a) A plant just needs select nutrients, some

water and not sunlight to grow.

(b) Not only do plants grow without soil, they

often grow a lot better with their roots in

water instead.

(c) Hydroponic gardening virtually eliminates

the need for herbicides and pesticides

compared to traditional soil gardening.

(d) Any water that is used in hydroponic

gardening stays in the system and can be

reused.

69. Which of the following are the effects of growing

Plantation crops?

1. Depletes soil fertility

2. Reduces biodiversity

3. Decreases soil erosion

4. Deforestation


below :

(a) 2 and 4 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1, 2 and 4 only

(d) 1, 3 and 4 only


to Zero tillage :

1. Soil erosion is almost eliminated through

no-till farming.

2. It increases the use of chemical herbicides

and pesticides.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

71. Recently, the Centre has approved a project to

abate pollution of a river at Navelim in Goa.

The name of the river is:

(a) Mandovi

(b) Zuari

(c) Sal

(d) Chapora



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(21-A)

72. Which of the following pollutants are considered

for calculating the Air Quality Index in India?

(1) Ammonia

(2) Lead

(3) Ozone

(4) Carbon dioxide


below :

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only

(b) 2, 3 and 4 only

(c) 1, 3 and 4 only


73. Arrange the following states in the increasing

order in terms of number of Tiger reserves

possessed by them.

1. Karnataka

2. Uttarakhand

3. Jharkhand

4. Jammu and Kashmir


below :

(a) 4 - 3 - 2 - 1

(b) 1 - 4 - 3 - 2

(c) 1 - 4 - 2 - 3

(d) 1 - 2 - 3 – 4


to Biomining :

1. Biomining is a technique of extracting

metals from ores and other solid materials

typically using Virus.

2. Biomining is an environmental friendly

technique compared to typical mining.


below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2


to National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic

Ecosystems (NPCA) :

1. National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic

Ecosystems (NPCA) was launched by the

Government in 2013 by merging two

erstwhile schemes viz. National Lake

Conservation Plan (NLCP) and National

Wetlands Conservation Programme

(NWCP).

2. It was launched as a centrally sponsored

scheme with Central and State Government

sharing the cost.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2



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(22-A)

76. Which of the following regions will come under

Coastal Regulation Zone-I category by Coastal

Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, 2011?

1. Salt Marshes.

2. Areas which are developed upto to the

shoreline and falling within municipal limits.

3. Mangroves.

4. Turtle nesting grounds.


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2, 3 and 4 only

(c) 1, 3 and 4 only


77. Which of the following statements about captive

breeding is not correct?

(a) Captive Breeding programs are

departments within zoos, rescues,

sanctuaries and so on in which animals are

kept in enclosures and are bred to produce

future generations of their species

(b) Some major changes in behaviour of

captivity bred animals are a decrease in

predator avoidance, decrease in foraging

abilities, increase in sleeping patterns,

decrease in overall activity, and some

problems in social behaviours.

(c) Zoos are some of the biggest funders of

animal conservation projects and research.

(d) Zoos cannot cross breed animals and

increase the gene pool of an animal species

by breeding animals from different zoos in

different parts of the world.


to the status of Vermin in India:

1. Wildlife Act, 1972 empowers every State’s

Chief Wildlife Warden to authorise hunters

to cull animals in a region where they are

a proven nuisance.

2. Once slotted as vermin, these animals, are

“open season” and could become easy

game for hunters as well as traders in meat.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

79. Recently under which of the following Mission/

Yojana the Union government will employ

Embryo Transfer Technology to optimize genetic

improvement in cattle?

(a) Rashtriya Gokul Mission.

(b) National Mission on Bovine Productivity.

(c) Govardhan Gram Yojana.

(d) National Mission on Bovine Breeding.



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(23-A)


Bamboo:

(1) Bamboo grown in non-forest areas has

now been omitted from the definition of

trees.

(2) In the forest areas, it would continue to be

governed by the provisions of the Indian

Forest Act, 1927.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

81. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate

Change (MoEFCC) has released India State of

Forest Report (ISFR) 2017. In this context

which of the following statements is not correct?

(a) The India State of Forest Report is

prepared by Forest Survey of India on a

biennial basis.

(b) The Forest Report has been prepared by

using Resourcesat-2 satellite data.

(c) The Report shows that there has been an

increase of 1% in forest cover at the

national level.

(d) All the North Eastern States have witnessed

an increase in forest cover.


to Trophy Hunting :

1. Trophy hunting is the selective hunting of

animals for human recreation where animal

or part of the animal (horns, skin, etc)

kept as the trophy.

2. Hunting for sport is prohibited in India but

international trade in exotic species has

been allowed as per the provisions of

Foreign trade (Development and

Regulation) Act, 1992, and the EXIM

(export-import) policy of India.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2



DnyanadeePAcademY

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(24-A)


to Sacred groves :

1. Sacred groves of India are forest fragments

of varying sizes, which are communally

protected, and which usually have a

significant religious connotation for the

protecting community.

2. Hunting and logging are usually strictly

prohibited within these patches.

3. Sacred groves confined to the region of

North east India.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only


84. India has embarked on an ambitious Rs. 10,000

Crore deep sea mission, likely to commence by

the year end, to explore and mine mineral wealth

beneath the ocean floor.

Which among the following can be an effect of

deep sea mining?

1. Seabed habitat degradation.

2. Pelagic ecosystem impacts.

3. Noise pollution.


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only


85. India has become the first nation in the world to

adopt an Agroforestry policy. The National

Agroforestry Policy, which deals with the

practice of integrating trees, crops and livestock

on the same plot of land, was launched February

10, 2014 the first day of the World Congress

on Agroforestry, held in Delhi. With respect to

Agroforestry, consider the following statements:

1. Agroforestry helps minimize the need for

chemical nutrients and fertilizers.

2. Gestation period is very low in agroforestry.

3. Less intensive knowledge is required for

agroforestry.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2 and 3 only


86. “Hywind” Project is seen in news sometimes. It

is related to which of the following?

(a) It is world’s first floating wind farm in

Scotland.

(b) It is world’s largest wind farm being

developed in China.

(c) It is Kerala’s project to develop offshore

wind energy.

(d) It is a project to develop most efficient

way store wind energy being done by Elon

Musk.



DnyanadeePAcademY

FOR UPSC & MPSC



(25-A)

87. Consider the following species in India :

1. Great Indian Bustard.

2. Pink headed duck.

3. Namdapha Flying Squirrel.

4. Purple frog.

Which of the above species is/are critically

endangered and is/are found in tropical evergreen

forests?

(a) 3 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3 only

88. With reference to the National Tiger Estimates,

consider the following statements:

(1) The national tiger estimates are conducted

once in four years, with the first conducted

in 2006.

(2) The world’s single largest tiger population

in a landscape exists in the Bandipur-

Nagarahole-Mudumalai-Wayanad

complex.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2


to Green List :

1. Green list is a Global standard to evaluate

the governance of protected areas.

2. It is a programme of UNEP, IUCN and

WWF.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2


to Sea weeds :

1. Marine microalgae, or seaweeds, are

plantlike organisms that generally live

attached to rock or other hard substrata

in coastal areas.

2. All seaweeds are edible, though some are

more nutritional and palatable than others,

and some can cause stomach upset.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2



DnyanadeePAcademY

FOR UPSC & MPSC



(26-A)

91. Environmental Impact Assessment notification,

1994 is placed under which of the following

legislation?

(a) Forest Conservation Act.

(b) Biodiversity Act.

(c) Environmental Protection Act.

(d) Wildlife Protection Act.


to National Chambal Sanctuary :

1. National Chambal Sanctuary is the tri-state

protected area in northern India for the

protection of the Critically Endangered

Gharial, the red-crowned roof turtle and

the Endangered Ganges river dolphin.

2. It is part of the Kathiawar-Gir dry

deciduous forests.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

93. Which of the following can be attributed as the

effect of snow on plants?

1. It acts as blanket and prevents further drop

in temperature and protects seedlings from

excessive cold and frost.

2. It results in mechanical straightening of tree

stem.

3. It elongates the period of vegetative

growth.


below :

(a) 1 only

(b) 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1 and 2 only


to Biosphere reserves :

1. Biosphere reserves are nominated by

national governments and remain under the

sovereign jurisdiction of the states where

they are located.

2. In Biosphere reserves people are an

integral part of it.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2



DnyanadeePAcademY

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(27-A)

95. Which of the following has the largest biomass

in most terrestrial food chains?

(a) Top carnivores

(b) Carnivores

(c) Hetrotrophs

(d) Autotrophs

96. The most biologically diverse ecosystems on

Earth is ____________.

(a) Littoral forest.

(b) Tropical rain forest.

(c) Tundra ecosystem.

(d) Temperate deciduous forest.


to mulching :

1. Stubble burning which is widely practiced

in north India, is a form of Mulching.

2. It is generally advisable to practice

mulching during the rainy season.


correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2 .

98. Which of the following assist in the process of

carbon sequestration?

1. Algal Bloom

2. Urban forestry

3. Decrease in peat bogs


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only


99. Ecological succession is characterized by

1. Increased productivity.

2. Decreased niche development.

3. Increased complexity of food webs.


below :

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only




DnyanadeePAcademY

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(28-A)

100. Which of the following food chain mostly follows

a detritus pathway?

1. Oligotrophic lake.

2. Mangrove ecosystem.

3. Tropical Evergreen Forest.


below :

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 3 only


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