Dnepropetrovsk state medical academy THEME: INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY AND MEDICAL PRESCRIPTION....

Dnepropetrovsk state medical academy

THEMETHEME::

INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY AND MEDICAL PRESCRIPTION. AND MEDICAL PRESCRIPTION.

SOLID MEDICAL FORMS.SOLID MEDICAL FORMS.

Anton LevykhAnton Levykh

Prescription is a part of pharmacology. It is divided into pharmaceutical prescription which studies rules of drugs’ production and medical prescription that studies the rules of prescription writing.


Prescription is a written proposition of physician for pharmacist to produce and/or sale a certain drug. It is a written formula for the preparation and its administration. Also prescription is a juridical document.

Structure of the prescription (1): InscriptionInscription –– InscriptioInscriptioContains name of medical establishment, stamp of the Contains name of medical establishment, stamp of the

establishmentestablishment

DateDate - DatumDatumThe date of making a prescription. It has a juridical and special

meaning

Surname and initials of the patientSurname and initials of the patient – Nomen Nomen aegrotiaegroti

With the indicating of age (for children younger 18 and patients With the indicating of age (for children younger 18 and patients older than 65)older than 65)

Surname and initials of the doctor – Surname and initials of the doctor – Nomen Nomen medicimedici


Structure of the prescription (2): Prepositio Prepositio –– RecipeRecipeConsisting of the word recipe (take) or its sign. Consisting of the word recipe (take) or its sign. “Rp.:”“Rp.:”

Inscription - Inscription - Designatio materiarumDesignatio materiarum Is the main part of the prescription, containing the names and amounts of Is the main part of the prescription, containing the names and amounts of

the drugs ordered. Each drug substance is written in own line from the drugs ordered. Each drug substance is written in own line from capital letter, in genitive case, and in Latin. Words cannot to be capital letter, in genitive case, and in Latin. Words cannot to be shortened and broke. Doses are written by figures. If ingredient is only shortened and broke. Doses are written by figures. If ingredient is only one then prescription is one then prescription is simplesimple, if many – , if many – complexcomplex. .

Drug substances are divided according to their importance:Drug substances are divided according to their importance: Remedium cardinale (s. basis) – drug substance which carries the

main treating effect; Remedium adjuvants are the substances with additive action; Remedium constituens – shape-making substance. Constituens must

be indifferent (non-active) Remedium corrigens – substances improving taste, smell, type.

Typical corrigens – sugar, ether oils, syrups


Structure of the prescription (3): Subscription Subscription –– SubscriptioSubscriptioDirection to the pharmacist describing the manner of preparation of Direction to the pharmacist describing the manner of preparation of

the drugs. For different medical forms subscription will be the drugs. For different medical forms subscription will be different:different:

for powders – for powders – Misce, fiat pulvisMisce, fiat pulvis;; for suppositories – for suppositories – Misce, fiat suppositoriumMisce, fiat suppositorium:: for ointments – for ointments – Misce, fiat unguentumMisce, fiat unguentum;; for dosed medical forms – for dosed medical forms – Da tales dosesDa tales doses;; for non-dosed – for non-dosed – DaDaAlso the form of medical substance is written here: in tabulettis, in Also the form of medical substance is written here: in tabulettis, in

capsulis gelatinosis, in ampullis etc.capsulis gelatinosis, in ampullis etc. SignatureSignature – – SignaturaSignaturaDirections to the patient with indication of the manner of taking; Directions to the patient with indication of the manner of taking; For example: take 1 tablet 3 times a day after mealFor example: take 1 tablet 3 times a day after meal


Prescription in special cases.Prescription in special cases. Narcotic substances and other Narcotic substances and other similar substances. Special blanks for strict accounting are done similar substances. Special blanks for strict accounting are done for this purpose. Those blanks have serial number. They are for this purpose. Those blanks have serial number. They are covered by pink drawing and proved by stamp of hospital and covered by pink drawing and proved by stamp of hospital and signature of its head. During emergency prescription of a drug signature of its head. During emergency prescription of a drug

we writewe write “cito!”“cito!”, , quickly in upper left cornerquickly in upper left corner. .


DoseDose – is a quantity of the drug substance that can be expressed in milliliters, grams, and international units. There are doses – single, daily, curative, and minimal, median or maximal therapeutic.

Prescription can indicate single (for one time) dose of agent and its quantity. It is distributive waydistributive way of prescribing. Tablets, powders, etc are prescribed in this way. During divisive way we prescribe summary dose and patient has to divide it on single doses before using, e.g., mixtures, decoctions.

Magisterial prescription Magisterial prescription – – prescription that is complied prescription that is complied by pharmacist.by pharmacist.


Officinal prescriptionOfficinal prescription – – prescriptions of already prescriptions of already produced drug substances produced drug substances

SOLID MEDICINAL FORMS (1)SOLID MEDICINAL FORMS (1)

PowderPowder ( (pulvispulvis) – ) – is a homogenous dispersion of finely divided, relatively dry, particulate matter consisting of one (simple) or more (complex) substances. .

Simple nondivided powder: Simple nondivided powder: Rp: Anaesthesini 25.0Rp: Anaesthesini 25.0

D.S. Apply on the injured part of skinD.S. Apply on the injured part of skin

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Complex nondivided powder:Complex nondivided powder:Rp: Calcii carbonatis 15.0Rp: Calcii carbonatis 15.0

Natrii hydrocarbonatis 20.0Natrii hydrocarbonatis 20.0

M. f. pulv.M. f. pulv.

D. t. D. N 6D. t. D. N 6

S. Take 1 powder orally during heartburn.S. Take 1 powder orally during heartburn.



Aspersion Aspersion ((AspersioAspersio) – if the medicinal substance is only a part of the ) – if the medicinal substance is only a part of the complex powder for making aspersion and all other parts of this complex powder for making aspersion and all other parts of this powder are inert substances so powder could be prescribed in a short powder are inert substances so powder could be prescribed in a short form.form.

Rp: Aspertionis Acidi salicylici 2% - 100.0

D.S. For sprinkling on the affected area.

#

Rp: Acidi salicylici 2.0

Talci ad 100.0

Misce fiat pulvis

D. S. For sprinkling on the affected area

#


SOLID MEDICINAL FORMS (1)SOLID MEDICINAL FORMS (1) Its weight is limitedIts weight is limited 0.1 – 0.5 g0.1 – 0.5 g, , optimal weight is equal optimal weight is equal 0.3 g0.3 g. If . If

basis weight is less 0.1 g, indifferent form-making substance basis weight is less 0.1 g, indifferent form-making substance such as sugarsuch as sugar ( (SaccharumSaccharum), ), glucoseglucose ( (GlucosumGlucosum) ) are added.are added.

Rp: Platyphyllini hydrotartratis 0.005Rp: Platyphyllini hydrotartratis 0.005

Sacchari 0.3Sacchari 0.3

Misce fiat pulvisMisce fiat pulvis

Da tales doses N 6Da tales doses N 6

S. 1 power 3 times a day.S. 1 power 3 times a day.

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Rp: Pancreatini 0.5Rp: Pancreatini 0.5

D. t. d. N 6D. t. d. N 6

S. Take 1 powder orally inS. Take 1 powder orally in

chronic pancreatitis.chronic pancreatitis.

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CapsuleCapsule ( (capsula, capscapsula, caps.) – is a solid dosed form in which the .) – is a solid dosed form in which the drug is enclosed in either a hard or soft soluble container or drug is enclosed in either a hard or soft soluble container or suitable form of gelatin. Capsule remove probable unfavorable suitable form of gelatin. Capsule remove probable unfavorable taste, smell; prevent from irritation of oral cavity and stomach taste, smell; prevent from irritation of oral cavity and stomach mucosa, and drug’s inactivation by stomach juice.mucosa, and drug’s inactivation by stomach juice.

Rp: Chinini sulfatis 0.2Rp: Chinini sulfatis 0.2

D. t. d. N 10 in capsulis gelatinosisD. t. d. N 10 in capsulis gelatinosis

S. By 1 capsule once a day.S. By 1 capsule once a day.

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Tablet Tablet ((tabuletta, tabtabuletta, tab) is a solid dosed form containing medicinal ) is a solid dosed form containing medicinal substances; it may vary in shape, size, weight. Tablets may be substances; it may vary in shape, size, weight. Tablets may be complex and simple according to amount of active substances. complex and simple according to amount of active substances. They always have inactive ingredients, but physician doesn’t They always have inactive ingredients, but physician doesn’t consider them.consider them.

Rp: Tab. Reserpini 0.00025 N50Rp: Tab. Reserpini 0.00025 N50

D.S. By 1 tablet 3 times a day.D.S. By 1 tablet 3 times a day.

# Rp: Acidi acetylsalicylici# Rp: Acidi acetylsalicylici

Rp: Reserpini 0.00025 Phenacetini ãã 0.25Rp: Reserpini 0.00025 Phenacetini ãã 0.25

D. t. d. N50 in tabulettis Coffeinum-natriiD. t. d. N50 in tabulettis Coffeinum-natrii

S. By 1 tablet 3 times a day benzoatis 0.1S. By 1 tablet 3 times a day benzoatis 0.1

# D. t. d. N50 in tabulettis# D. t. d. N50 in tabulettis

S. 1 tablet 3 times a day S. 1 tablet 3 times a day to treat headacheto treat headache

Ana, ãã Ana, ãã or both means that ingredients have similar massor both means that ingredients have similar mass



Dragee Dragee ((drageedragee) – is a solid dosed form. It is a sugar-) – is a solid dosed form. It is a sugar-coated small globular mass of some coherent but coated small globular mass of some coherent but soluble substance to be swallowed. Consecutive soluble substance to be swallowed. Consecutive tracing of drug substances produces it. Rules of tracing of drug substances produces it. Rules of dragee prescription are the same as for tablets.dragee prescription are the same as for tablets.

Rp: Dragee Acidi ascobinici 0.05 N10Rp: Dragee Acidi ascobinici 0.05 N10

D.S. Take orally by 1 dragee D.S. Take orally by 1 dragee

3 times a day.3 times a day.

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Dnepropetrovsk state medical academy THEME: INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY AND MEDICAL PRESCRIPTION....

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