DNA, Genes & Chromosomes

DANILO V. ROGAYAN JR.Faculty, Department of Natural Sciences

We are all

UNIQUE!

What are

responsible for the

different traits that

make us unique as

a person?

DNA

GENES

CHROMOSOM

ES

What

is

DNA?

DNA• Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• molecules are large and complex

• carry the genetic code that

determines the characteristics of a

living thing

• located in the cell nucleus

• small amount of DNA can also be

found in the mitochondria

GENE

• basic physical and functional

unit of heredity

• segments of DNA, act as

instructions to make molecules

called proteins.

• There are about 20,000 to 25,000

genes in our cells.

Chromosomes• They carry all of the information

used to help a cell grow, thrive,

and reproduce.

• made up of DNA

• found inside the

nucleus of the cell

• Chromosomes are not always visible.

They usually sit around uncoiled and as

loose strands called

• When it is time for the cell to reproduce,

they

chromatin

very tightly

WRAP&CONDENSE

OBSERVE AND EXPLAIN

How many

chromosomes

do humans

have?

Organisms have

different number of

chromosomes

Humans have 46

chromosomes

Peas have 12 chromosomes

Dogs have 48 chromosomes

A crayfish has 200

chromosomes

The number of chromosomes

is NOT related to the

intelligence or complexity of the

creature.

The sad part is..

• There are genetic disorders

caused by abnormalities in

our chromosome number or

structure.

How should we treat

people with genetic

disorders?

Lakô hã salamát!Maraming salamat!