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Transcript of DMCC OIL TERMINAL (NAVLAKHI) LIMITED EIA … · Eco Chem Sales & Service, Surat ... Chapter ‐3...
DMCC OIL TERMINAL (NAVLAKHI) LIMITED
EIA Report: Construction of Jetty to Handle Multiple Cargo at Navlakhi
Eco Chem Sales & Service, Surat C3‐56
Chapter‐3: Baseline Environmental Settings
Table 3.4.1.3(c) Quality of Surface Water Sample (January‐’2011)
Sr. No. Parameters Unit WHO Limit
for Potable
Water
SW 1 SW2 SW 3
1. Temperature 0C ‐‐ 25 25 24
2. pH pH Unit 6.5‐8.5 7.61 7.56 7.60
3. Colour Pt –Co Scale <05 <10 <10 < 10
4. Odour ‐‐ Odourless Odourless Odourless
5. TSS mg/lit 5 4 6 6
6. TDS mg/lit 1000 410 408 405
7. Chloride mg/lit 250 76 73 70
8. Sulphates mg/lit 400 54 56 57
9. Total Hardness
as ( CaCO3)
mg/lit 300 200 140 160
10. Alkalinity as (CaCO3) mg/lit 200 192 162 176
11. Calcium mg/lit 75 40 36 38
12. Magnesium mg/lit 30 24 18 16
13. Sodium mg/lit 200 57 59 58
14. Potassium mg/lit ‐‐ 21 17 20
15. COD mg/lit ‐‐ BDL BDL BDL
16. BOD (3 days ,27o C) mg/lit ‐‐ BDL BDL BDL
17. Dissolved Oxygen mg/lit 5 5.4 5.3 5.2
18. Nitrogen as Nitrite mg/lit ‐‐ 0.3 0.4 0.4
19. Nitrogen as Nitrate mg/lit 10 1.2 1.1 1.2
20. Ammonical Nitrogen mg/lit ‐‐ 4.0 3.3 3.2
21. Oil & Grease mg/lit ‐‐ BDL BDL BDL
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Chapter‐3: Baseline Environmental Settings
22. Phenolic Compounds mg/lit ‐‐ BDL BDL BDL
23. Total Iron as Fe mg/lit 0.3 0.04 0.036 0.039
24. Boron mg/lit 0.3 BDL BDL BDL
25. Manganese mg/lit 0.1 BDL BDL BDL
26. Copper as Cu mg/lit 1 BDL BDL BDL
27. Total Chromium as Cr mg/lit 0.05 BDL BDL BDL
28. Zinc as Zn mg/lit 5 BDL BDL BDL
29. Phosphate as PO4‐‐ mg/lit ‐‐ 0.7 0.75 0.7
Note: BDL = Below Detection Limit
3.4.1.4 Summary:
Analysis report compared with WHO limit for potable water. pH of the samples were almost neutral & TDS
value varies from 368 mg/L to 410 mg/L. Minimum TDS was found at Varsamedi (pond) & maximum at New
Navlakhi. Almost the results of New Navlakhi village meet with the WHO standard. Water can not be used
for drinking purpose except the water of New Navlakhi village. Water can be used for washing, bathing &
other domestic purposes. In absence of alternate source water can be used for drinking purpose as there is
not any toxic constituent reported in the result. TDS, Chloride, Alkalinity, Calcium are slightly higher side due
to ingress of salinity.
3.4.1.5 Marine Water Sampling:
Samples were collected from three different locations. Mode of sampling was grab & its frequency was once
in a month for the study period. All the samples were collected below 25% & 75% depth from the surface.
The samples were collected during high tide & low tide. Samples were passed through zoo planktons &
phytoplankton net. Then the samples were concentrated by centrifuge. Counting of planktons was carried
out with the help of Sidgwic Rafter cell & microscopy. Samples were also collected for study of Benthos from
particular decided area with suitable sampler. Samples were preserved according to the parameters as per
the preservation method given in APHA 21st edition. Temp., pH & DO were measured on site & samples were
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Chapter‐3: Baseline Environmental Settings
brought to the laboratory after preservation. Samples for microbiological analysis were collected once
during the study period in sterilized bottle. Analysis carried out as per IS 3025 & “Methods for the
Examination of Water & Waste Water”‐21st Edition 2005, APHA. The details of water sampling locations are
given in Table 3.4.1.5 and are shown in Figure 3.4.1.5. Analysis reports are presented in Table 3.4.1.5(a) to
Table 3.4.1.5(l).
Table 3.4.1.5 Sampling Location and Date of Collection
Sr.
no.
Location November December January
01. Sui Creek 11/11/2010 9/12/2010 14/01/2011
02. Varsamedi Creek 11/11/2010 9/12/2010 14/01/2011
03. Zammuwadi Creek 11/11/2010 9/12/2010 14/01/2011
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FIGURE No 3.4.1.5
Marine Water Sampling Location
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Table No: 3.4.1.5(a) Quality of Marine Water Sample (High Tide, November‐’2010)
Sr. No. Parameters Unit SW 1 SW 2 SW 3
1 Temperature 0C 28 29 28
2 pH pH unit 7.52 7.4 7.52
3 Colour ‐‐ Turbid White Turbid White Turbid White
4 Odour Odour less Odour less Odour less
5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 45360 44896 45290
6 TSS mg/l 1210 1240 1305
7 Total Alkalinity mg/l 170 165 180
8 Salinity mg/liter 36000 35500 35800
9 Sulphate as So4‐ ‐ mg/l 185 162 178
10 Total Phosphate mg/l 1.1 1.3 1.2
11 Fluoride mg/l 0.6 0.7 0.5
12 Phenolic Compound mg/l BDL BDL BDL
13 Oil & Grease mg/l BDL BDL BDL
14 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 4.6 4.8 4.7
15 Biological Oxygen Demand mg/l 5 4.5 4.8
16 Nitrite mg/l 0.3 0.2 0.24
17 Nitrate mg/l 0.8 0.6 0.58
18 Iron mg/l 0.02 0.015 0.02
19 Copper mg/l BDL BDL BDL
20 Manganese mg/l BDL BDL BDL
21 Boron mg/l BDL BDL BDL
22 Lead mg/l BDL BDL BDL
23 Chromium mg/l BDL BDL BDL
BDL = Below Detection Limit
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Chapter‐3: Baseline Environmental Settings
Table No: 3.4.1.5(b) Quality of Marine Water Sample (High Tide, December‐’2010)
Sr. No. Parameters Unit SW 1 SW 2 SW 3
1 Temperature 0C 26 26.5 25.5
2 pH pH unit 7.46 7.43 7.45
3 Colour ‐‐ Turbid White Turbid White Turbid White
4 Odour Odour less Odour less Odour less
5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 46250 47140 46480
6 TSS mg/l 1422 1360 1412
7 Total Alkalinity mg/l 163 156 162
8 Salinity mg/liter 35500 35600 35700
9 Sulphate as So4‐ ‐ mg/l 172 184 173
10 Phosphate as PO4‐‐ mg/l 1.6 1.7 1.4
11 Fluoride mg/l 0.5 0.7 0.6
12 Phenolic Compound mg/l BDL BDL BDL
13 Oil & Grease mg/l BDL BDL BDL
14 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 4.9 5.0 4.8
15 Biological Oxygen Demand mg/l 4.2 4.0 4.0
16 Nitrite mg/l 0.4 0.3 0.28
17 Nitrate mg/l 1.2 1.0 1.1
18 Iron mg/l 0.024 0.018 0.024
19 Copper mg/l BDL BDL BDL
20 Manganese mg/l BDL BDL BDL
21 Boron mg/l BDL BDL BDL
22 Lead mg/l BDL BDL BDL
23 Chromium mg/l BDL BDL BDL
BDL = Below Detection Limit
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Chapter‐3: Baseline Environmental Settings
Table No: 3.4.1.5(c) Quality of Marine Water Sample (High Tide, January‐’2011)
Sr. No. Parameters Unit SW 1 SW 2 SW 3
1 Temperature 0C 24 25 25
2 pH pH unit 7.43 7.40 7.35
3 Colour ‐‐ Turbid White Turbid White Turbid White
4 Odour Odour less Odour less Odour less
5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 42810 40992 45314
6 TSS mg/l 1392 1365 1410
7 Total Alkalinity mg/l 160 166 176
8 Salinity mg/l 35400 35100 35300
9 Sulphate as So4‐ ‐ mg/l 204 162 196
10 Phosphate as PO4‐‐‐ mg/l 1.3 1.4 1.6
11 Fluoride mg/l 0.7 0.6 0.7
12 Phenolic Compound mg/l BDL BDL BDL
13 Oil & Grease mg/l BDL BDL BDL
14 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 4.9 5.0 4.8
15 Biological Oxygen Demand mg/l 4.8 4.9 4.5
16 Nitrite mg/l 0.6 0.5 0.4
17 Nitrate mg/l 1.5 1.3 1.2
18 Iron mg/l 0.03 0.02 0.02
19 Copper mg/l BDL BDL BDL
20 Manganese mg/l BDL BDL BDL
21 Boron mg/l BDL BDL BDL
22 Lead mg/l BDL BDL BDL
23 Chromium mg/l BDL BDL BDL
BDL = Below Detection Limit
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Chapter‐3: Baseline Environmental Settings
Table No: 3.4.1.5(d) Quality of Marine Water Sample (Low Tide, November‐’2010)
Sr. No. Parameters Unit SW 1 SW 2 SW 3
1 Temperature 0C 27 28 27
2 pH pH unit 7.61 7.49 7.51
3 Colour ‐‐ Turbid White Turbid White Turbid White
4 Odour Odour less Odour less Odour less
5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 45510 44960 45512
6 TSS mg/l 1296 1266 1285
7 Total Alkalinity mg/l 174 168 169
8 Salinity mg/l 36200 35900 36100
9 Sulphate as So4‐ ‐ mg/l 214 192 185
10 Total Phosphate mg/l 1.3 1.6 1.9
11 Fluoride mg/l 0.7 0.7 0.6
12 Phenolic Compound mg/l BDL BDL BDL
13 Oil & Grease mg/l BDL BDL BDL
14 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 4.8 5.0 5.0
15 Biological Oxygen Demand mg/l 4.3 4.6 4.9
16 Nitrite mg/l 0.5 0.4 0.35
17 Nitrate mg/l 0.9 0.7 0.62
18 Iron mg/l 0.025 0.02 0.027
19 Copper mg/l BDL BDL BDL
20 Manganese mg/l BDL BDL BDL
21 Boron mg/l BDL BDL BDL
22 Lead mg/l BDL BDL BDL
23 Chromium mg/l BDL BDL BDL
BDL = Below Detection Limit
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Table No: 3.4.1.5(e) Quality of Marine Water Sample (Low Tide, December‐’2010)
Sr. No. Parameters Unit SW 1 SW 2 SW 3
1 Temperature 0C 27 27 26.5
2 pH pH unit 7.51 7.48 7.47
3 Colour ‐‐ Turbid White Turbid White Turbid White
4 Odour Odour less Odour less Odour less
5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 43450 44260 45110
6 TSS mg/l 1396 1340 1350
7 Total Alkalinity mg/l 167 152 160
8 Salinity mg/l 34800 35200 35100
9 Sulphate as So4‐ ‐ mg/l 178 204 192
10 Phosphate as PO4‐‐ mg/l 1.8 1.9 1.7
11 Fluoride mg/l 0.6 0.8 0.7
12 Phenolic Compound mg/l BDL BDL BDL
13 Oil & Grease mg/l BDL BDL BDL
14 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 5.0 4.9 4.9
15 Biological Oxygen Demand mg/l 4.0 3.5 3.6
16 Nitrite mg/l 0.2 0.3 0.2
17 Nitrate mg/l 1.5 1.4 1.3
18 Iron mg/l 0.02 0.03 0.02
19 Copper mg/l BDL BDL BDL
20 Manganese mg/l BDL BDL BDL
21 Boron mg/l BDL BDL BDL
22 Lead mg/l BDL BDL BDL
23 Chromium mg/l BDL BDL BDL
BDL = Below Detection Limit
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Chapter‐3: Baseline Environmental Settings
Table No: 3.4.1.5(f) Quality of Marine Water Sample (Low Tide, January‐’2011)
Sr. No. Parameters Unit SW 1 SW 2 SW 3
1 Temperature 0C 25 26 25
2 pH pH unit 7.54 7.52 7.46
3 Colour ‐‐ Turbid White Turbid White Turbid White
4 Odour Odour less Odour less Odour less
5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 43150 42936 43212
6 TSS mg/l 1425 1460 1450
7 Total Alkalinity mg/l 176 182 169
8 Salinity mg/l 34800 33500 35000
9 Sulphate as So4‐ ‐ mg/l 226 218 224
10 Phosphate as PO4‐‐ mg/l 1.9 1.7 1.8
11 Fluoride mg/l 0.8 0.8 0.9
12 Phenolic Compound mg/l BDL BDL BDL
13 Oil & Grease mg/l BDL BDL BDL
14 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 4.7 4.3 4.2
15 Biological Oxygen Demand mg/l 4.3 4.6 4.7
16 Nitrite mg/l 0.9 0.7 0.5
17 Nitrate mg/l 1.8 1.6 1.7
18 Iron mg/l 0.02 0.024 0.02
19 Copper mg/l BDL BDL BDL
20 Manganese mg/l BDL BDL BDL
21 Boron mg/l BDL BDL BDL
22 Lead mg/l BDL BDL BDL
23 Chromium mg/l BDL BDL BDL
BDL = Below Detection Limit
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Table No: 3.4.1.5(g) Bacteriological Quality of Marine Water Sample During (High Tide, Date 25/11/2010)
Total
Coliform
F.Coliform E.coli F.Streptococci Sr.
No.
Sampling
Location
Most Probable No (MPN): No/100 ml
01. Sui Creek 45 22 8 5
02. Varsamadhi
Creek 40 18 10 3
03. Zammuwadi
Creek 50 25 12 8
Table No: 3.4.1.5(h) Bacteriological Quality of Marine Water Sample During (Low Tide, Date 25/11/2010)
Total
Coliform
F.Coliform E.coli F.Streptococci Sr.
No.
Sampling
Location
Most Probable No (MPN): No/100 ml
01. Sui Creek 50 25 12 5
02. Varsamadhi
Creek 48 32 8 3
03. Zammuwadi
Creek 55 35 8 5
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Chapter‐3: Baseline Environmental Settings
Table No: 3.4.1.5(i) Analysis of Zooplankton for Of Marine Water Sample (Date 25/11/2010)
Percentage of Organisms in each group Sr.
No.
Sampling
Location
Total
Count
per m3 Protozoa Rotifera Copepoda
01. Sui Creek
580 72 21 9
02. Varsamedi
Creek 610 80 13 7
03. Zammuwadi
Creek 712 78 17 5
Table No: 3.4.1.5(j) Analysis of Phytoplankton of Marine Water Sample
Sr.No. Sampling
Location
Chlorophyll – a
mg/m3
Pheophytin
mg/m3
Cell Count
Unit/L
1. Sui Creek 1.9 1.7 250
2. Varsamedi
Creek
2.3 1.8 430
3. Zammuwadi
Creek
3.0 1.6 450
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Table No: 3.4.1.5(k) Range Of Macro Benthic Stock
Location Population
no/m2
Bio Mass g/m2
Wet weight Major Group
Location 1 250 10.8
Location 2 445 12.4
Location 3 315 11.9
Polychaetes,
Brachyurans,
Amphipodes,
Isopodes
Table No: 3.4.1.5(l) Details Of Benthos
Systematic Group Location 1 LOCATION 2 Location 3
Polychaetes + + +
Mysids _ _ _
Ostracods + ‐ ‐
Isopodes + + +
Amphipodes + + +
Brachyurans + + +
Insects ‐ ‐ +
Gastropodes ‐ ‐ ‐
Pelecypodes + + +
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3.4.1.6 Summary:
Analysis report compared with WHO limit for potable water. pH of the samples were almost neutral & TDS
value varies from 42936 mg/L to 45512 mg/L during low tide & 40992mg/L to 47140 mg/L during high tide.
Minimum TDS was found at Varsamedi & maximum at Zammuwadi Creek during low tide & TDS was max &
min at Varsamedi creek during high tide. pH, Hardness, BOD, COD & all the heavy metals are within limit. As
DO level is more than 4 mg/L & BOD value is nearer to 4, we can conclude that the condition of sea is
favourable for aquatic lives.
3.5 SOIL & SEDIMENT QUALITY
3.5.1 SOIL QUALITY:
Soil is a vital natural resource, the proper use of which greatly determines the capability of life supporting
system and the socio economic development of the people by providing food, fiber, fodder & fuel
formatting the basic needs of human & animals. However its capacity of production is limited & the limit of
production are set by its in‐transit characteristics, agro ecological settings & its use & management. Beside
the industrial significant the study area is also important for its agricultural activities.
The surface soil within the study area is mainly sandy in nature. This region is categorized under delta coastal
plain, hot humid agro ecological area. There are no hills in the vicinity. Soil Samples of the selected 5 villages
from the study area were collected. The locations selected for collection of soil samples are shown in Table:
3.5.1 and presented in Figure: 3.5.1. Date of Soil Monitoring and location are shown in Table 3.5.1.1.
The samples were collected by shell & augur up to 20‐cm depth from ground level. The samples from each
location were collected once in a month for a period of three months. The soil sample for each location were
also analysed for its texture. In this region mainly comprises of soil. The sediment samples were also
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Chapter‐3: Baseline Environmental Settings
collected. The physico – chemical characteristic along with organic matter of the soil & sediments of study
region are shown in the following Tables 3.5.1(a) to 3.5.1(f).
Table 3.5.1 Details of Soil & Sediment Sampling Locations
Station Code Location Approximate Aerial
Distance from the site
Direction
Soil Sampling locations
TS 1 GMB Jetty (Security Gate) 4.5 Km E
TS 2 Near Temple between A1
&A3
10.0 Km E
TS 3 Lavanpur 13.25 Km E
TS 4 Varsamedi 15.5 Km NEE
TS 5 New Navlakhi 18.5 Km EES
Sediment Sampling Locations
MS 1 Sui Creek 2.6 Nautical Mile NNE
MS 2 Varsamedi Creek 2.2 Nautical Mile EES
MS 3 Zammu Wadi 1.0 Nautical Mile E
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Table 3.5.1.1 Date of Soil Monitoring and location
Months Location
November2010 December2010 January2011
GMB jetty Security
Gate
11/11/2010 9/12/2010 14/01/2011
Nr. Temple between
A1 and A3
11/11/2010 9/12/2010 14/01/2011
Lavanpur 11/11/2010 9/12/2010 14/01/2011
Varsamedi 11/11/2010 9/12/2010 14/01/2011
New Navlakhi 11/11/2010 9/12/2010 14/01/2011
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FIGURE 3.5.1(a)
SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS
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FIGURE 3.5.1(b)
Sediment Sampling Locations
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Tables 3.5.1(a) Soil Quality of Studied Locations for the Month of
November‐ ‘2010
Sr.
No. Parameter GMB Jetty Nr. Temple Lavan Pur Varsamedi New Navlakhi
1. pH 7.81 7.94 7.36 7.65 7.04
2. Calcium as Ca++ 2.1 1.8 3.2 2.6 1.9
3. Magnesium as Mg++ 2.5 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.8
4. Sodium as Na+ 5.2 4.6 3.8 6.5 4.5
5. Organic matter (%) 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.2
6. Iron 29.1 20.6 23.4 18.7 21.2
7. Phosphate as PO4 3.5 2.6 1.8 1.4 0.9
8. Potassium as K+ 1.2 1.9 1.4 3.5 1.0
9. ESP % 47.3 50 41.3 53.3 54.9
10. Nitrogen as Nitrate 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.3 1.5
11. Copper 1.5 0.8 0.6 1.4 1.3
12. Manganese BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
13. Zinc BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
14. Chromium BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
15. Moisture Content (%) 20.4 21.2 19.7 18.6 20.8
16. Bulk Density (gm/cc) 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.7
BDL = Below Detection Limit
Note: Exchange able Sodium Percentage(ESP) = Na+/(Ca+++ Mg++ + K++Na+)x100
Ca++, Mg++ , K+, Na+ are in meq/100 gm
Iron, Phosphate, Copper, Manganese, Zinc, Chloride, Total Nitrogen, Chromium, Nitrogen as Nitrate are in
mg/100 gm
Remark: pH was measured in 10% leachate solution
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Tables 3.5.1(b) Soil Quality of Studied Locations for the Month of
December – 2010
Sr.
No. Parameter
GMB
Jetty
Nr.
Temple Lavan Pur Varsamedi
New
Navlakhi
1. pH 7.65 7.70 7.64 7.60 7.18
2. Calcium as Ca++ 2.6 2.0 2.9 2.4 2.0
3. Magnesium as Mg++ 2.7 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.2
4. Sodium as Na+ 5.1 4.8 4.0 5.1 4.7
5. Organic matter (%) 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.1
6. Iron 32.3 24.3 23.8 22.2 22.7
7. Phosphate as PO4 3.6 2.8 2.2 1.9 1.6
8. Potassium as K+ 1.3 1.5 1.5 2.6 1.7
9. ESP % 43.6 50.5 42.1 46.4 49
10. Nitrogen as Nitrate 2.3 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.7
11. Copper 1.6 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.2
12. Manganese BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
13. Zinc BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
14. Chromium BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
15. Moisture Content (%) 22.2 20.4 18.6 19.2 19.7
16. Bulk Density (gm/cc) 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.85 1.78
BDL = Below Detection Limit
Note: Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) = Na+/(Ca+++ Mg++ + K++Na+)x100
Ca++, Mg++ , K+, Na+ are in meq/100 gm
Iron, Phosphate, Copper, Manganese, Zinc, Chloride, Total Nitrogen, Chromium, Nitrogen as Nitrate are in
mg/100 gm
Remark: pH was measured in 10% leachate solution
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Table No: 3.5.1(c) Soil Quality of Studied Locations for the Month of
January‐ 2011
Sr.
No.
Parameter GMB Jetty Nr. Temple Lavan Pur Varsamedi
New
Navlakhi
1. pH 7.57 7.62 7.63 7.54 7.09
2. Calcium as Ca++ 2.3 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.4
3. Magnesium as Mg++ 2.5 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.5
4. Sodium as Na+ 4.9 4.6 4.0 5.2 4.8
5. Organic matter (%) 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2
6. Iron 30.8 25.6 24.2 20.1 21.6
7. Phosphate as PO4 3.8 3.1 2.7 2.0 1.9
8. Potassium as K+ 1.4 1.6 1.3 2.1 1.5
9. ESP % 44.1 50 48.2 49.1 47.1
10. Nitrogen as Nitrate 2.0 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.5
11. Copper 1.7 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.3
12. Manganese BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
13. Zinc BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
14. Chromium BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
15. Moisture Content (%) 20.6 19.7 19.2 18.3 18.8
16. Bulk Density (gm/cc) 1.75 1.76 1.7 1.8 1.73
BDL = Below Detection Limit
Note: Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) = Na+/(Ca+++ Mg++ + K++Na+)x100
Ca++, Mg++, K+, Na+ are in meq/100 gm
Iron, Phosphate, Copper, Manganese, Zinc, Chloride, Total Nitrogen, Chromium, Nitrogen as Nitrate are in
mg/100 gm
Remark: pH was measured in 10% leachate solution
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Tables 3.5.1(d) Grain Size Distribution and Type of Sediment
Sediment
Location Texture Sand (%)
Silt (%)
Clay (%)
Gravel (%)
GMB Jetty Sandy 80.5 8.5 6.0 5.0
Nr.Temple Clayey 25.5 11.5 52 18
Lavan Pur Sandy 72 10 12 8
New
Navlakhi Sandy 74 8 7 9
Tables 3.5.1(e) pH, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen and Total Volatile Solids of Sediments Date: 09/12/2010
Results mg/100gm Location
pH Total Nitrogen Volatile Matter
Sui Creek 8.1 4.2 3.7
Varsamedi
Creek 8.25 3.5 3.2
Zammu
Wadi 8.16 3.9 3.0
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Tables 3.5.1(f) Trace Metal concentration in the Sediments (μg/g)
Location Total Cr
mg/100gm
Mn
mg/100gm
Fe
mg/100g
m
Zn
mg/100gm
Cu
mg/100gm
Sui Creek 2.0 3.2 23.5 6.8 2.5
Varsamedi
Creek 1.8 2.5 29.3 5.0 2.1
Zammu
Wadi 2.3 2.7 20.4 3.2 2.4
3.5.1.2 SUMMARY:
The following description was based on the analysis & visual observation of soil of villages of study area.
• It has been found that the pH range of the soil was 7.04 to 7.94. It indicates that soil is almost neutral
and somewhere slightly alkaline. Surface Soil is mainly Sandy clay loam.
• It has been noted that organic matter varies from 0.4 % to 1.4 %. The range of nitrogen is 1.3 to 2.3
mg/100 gm and the phosphorous (PO4) varies from 0.9 to 3.5 mg/100 gm. The presence of nitrogen as
nitrate & phosphorous (PO4) as phosphate are not in sufficient proportion. Therefore it is not suitable
for agriculture purpose.
• The calcium and magnesium are macro nutrient of plants. As per analysis their concentration varies
from 1.9 to 3.2 meq/100 gm and magnesium varies from 0.9 to 2.7 meq/100 gm.
• Micronutrients like Zinc, Iron, and Copper are found in appropriate proportion as per analysis.
• During sampling it was observed that microorganisms like earthworm and other annelids were present
in the soil.
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• Bulk density is in the range of 1.6 to 1.8 gm/cc and the moisture content of the same soil is in the range
of 20.9 % to 22.2 %.
3.6 ECOLOGICAL QUALITY
Ecology is the science of inter‐relationship of all organisms with their environment. The biotic environment is
organized in to natural groupings with dependence among their members and show varied responses and
sensitivities to external influences. Even if one link is broken the whole system is disturbed. The
developmental activities are one such external influence, which might affect the ecology of an area, if proper
management measures are not taken during construction and operation phases. The following details
describe the terrestrial and aquatic (Marine) ecology of the study area.
3.6.1 Methodology:
Plankton net was used to collect water sample for plankton study & was analysed in laboratory. Beside the
water samples, sediment samples were also collected to study the benthic organisms. Sample from each
location was collected for the study.
Samples for ecological analysis were collected in polyethylene carboys and preserved as per the Techniques
explained by APHA in ‘Standard Methods for Examination of Water & Wastewater’. The sampling location
and details related with the location is given in Table 3.6.1 and Figure of Sediment & Water sampling
Location is given in Figure 3.6.1.
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3.6.2 Presentation of Results:
During the EIA study, terrestrial ecology and marine ecology was studied for proposed project of jetty
development at Navlakhi. The outcome of the ecological study and analysis of sediment & water samples,
collected during the study period, are illustrated in following paragraphs.
3.6.2.1 Terrestrial Ecology:
Proposed jetty will be constructed within the Hansthal Creek of Gulf of Kutch near Navalakhi jetty. Hence
there will not be any considerable encroachment in the forestland. Thus the project is proposed to develop
in the marine region. But some of allied activities and set‐up of proposed jetty will have slight influence on
terrestrial ecosystem, especially on the mangrove forest. Some set‐up of jetty is proposed to develop on the
land in the Hansthal Creek near the junction of Sui and Varsamedi creek in the Gulf of Kutch. Overall it is
seen that major proportion of the study area (about 40‐45%) spreads over the seawater area and about 30‐
35 % of the total study area constitutes mudflats/marshy land. Only about 20‐30% of the total study area is
the land portion.
As per the information provided by forest department, study area has about 397 ha of forestland. Prosopis
juliflora, Acacia nilotica and Solanum nigrum are the major floral species observed in the study area. It was
also observed during the field survey that the status of terrestrial forest is not good in the study area. Only
scrub forest consisting of Prosopis juliflora and Acacia nilotica were observed at few places, while rest of the
area is barren. The list of major floral species observed in the study area is given in following table.
Department of Forest has planted some area but the major area of study is out of the range covered by the
Plantation program. However the forest cover around the region is to notice for the study.
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Table: 3.6.2.1 (a) Commonly Occurred Flora in Study Area
Sr. No. Botanical Name Local Name
1. Acacia nilotica Baval 2. Acacia auricoliformis Austrilian baval
3. Acacua farnesiana Tal baval
4. Avicennia officinalis Cher
5. Azadirachta indica Leemdo
6. Capparis sepiaria Kanthar
7. Bambusa arundinacea Bamboo
8. Casurina equisetifolia Saru
9. Cordia dichotoma Gundi
10. Delonix regia Gulmohar
11. Dendrocalamus strictus Bamboo
12. E. nerifolia Thor
13. Eucaliptus sp. Nilgiri
14. Ficus bengalensis Bargad
15. Ficus religiosa Peepal
16. Prosopis jiliflora Gando Baval
17. Mangifera indica Ambo
18. Peltophorum rurujinum Peltophorum
19. Solanum nigrum Peelu
20. Saraca indica Asoka
21. Syzygium cumini Jambu
22. Tabernaemontana coronaria Tagar
23. Tectona grandis Sag
24. Thespesia populnea Jaswand
25. Zizyphus mauritiana Bordi
26. Salvadora oleoides Mithi Jar
27. Salvadora persica Pilu
28. Chloris virgata Khariu
29. Chloris barbata Mindadia
30. Cynodon dolichostachya Sikariu
31. Andropogon sp. Zinzvo
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Rare and endangered species are not reported in the study area, as it does not have a good forest cover.
Even wild animals are not very abundant in this area. Felis demestica, Funambulus Palmarum, Hirpestes
bengalensis are the common wildlife species observed in this area during the study period.
Table: 3.6.2.1 (b)
Commonly Occurred Mammals in the study region
Sr. No. Scientific Name Common / Local Name
1. B. bubalus Buffalo, Bhens
2. Antilope cervicapra Blackbuck, Kaliyar,Redi
3. Canis aureus Jackal, Shiyal
4. Bus Indica Cow, Gay
5. Boselaphus tragocamelus Blue bull, Rojh, Nilgai
6. Capra hiscus Goat
7. Canis famiaris Dog, Kutro
8. Equus assinus Donkey, Gadhedo
9. Felis chaus Jungle cat, Jungli bilado
10. Felis domestica Cat, Biladi
11. Funambulus pennati Five stripped palm, Khiscoli
12. Herpestes edwardsi Grey mongoose, Noliyo
13. Lepus nigricollis ruficaudatus Bufous tailed hare, Sasalo
14. Lepus nilgrocollis Dayanus Desert hare, Sasalo
15. Vulpes bengalensis Fox, Lonkadi
16. Rattus rattlus Rat, Undar
17. Suncus murinus Grey musk shrew, Chachundar
18. Tatera indica Indian gerebille, Ghus
19. Merioned hurricanae Desert gerebille, Ghus
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Table: 3.6.2.1 (c)
Commonly Occurred Reptile in the study region
S. No. Scientific Name Common / Local Name
1. Mabuya carinata Common skink, Nag ni mashi
2. Hemidactyles alaviviridis House gecko, Garoli
3. Calotes versicolor Common garden lizard, Kachindo
4. Varanus benglensis Common Indian monitor lizard, Patlagho
5. Bangarus calruleus Krait, Kalotro
6. Echis carinatus Saw scaled viper, Padaku
7. Naja naja Cobra, Nag
3.6.2.2 Marine Ecology:
The proposed site is located at junction of Sui and Varsamedi creek in the gulf of Kutchch. Since, about 40‐
45% of the total study area comprises of marine water body, marine ecology becomes essential for the area.
Excellent growth of mangroves in the Inter‐tidal zone of Gulf of Kutch is very well evident. These marshy,
mud‐covered mangrove lands with significant level of dissolved oxygen provide favourable condition for
growth of variety of marine species. The mangrove swamps are generally productive and on an average
produces about 8 tonnes of organic plant detritus per hectare and fungi, which in turn are eaten by
protozoan. The backwater of mangrove environment forms preferred habitat for breeding and nursery of a
variety of organisms including fishes. As per the records of the Forest Department the inter tidal zone of
Jamnagar and Kutchch forest used to have about 1200 Sq.km. of mangrove forest which consist about 90%
of mangrove vegetation found in the state. Based on the richness of marine flora and fauna 458 sq. km. of
area of Gulf of Kutchch has been declared as marine sanctuary area, which is spread from Okha to Jamnagar
in different patches. A portion of the sanctuary about 163 sq. km. has been notified as marine national park.
But the boundary of marine national park ends at about 30 km west of the project site.
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Mangrove vegetation spreaded about 20% of the project study area. However, as per the field observation
most of the mangroves in the area are found to be generally degraded, except a few patches of scrub
vegetation, which is about 2.5% of the study area. The major species of mangrove observed in this area
include Avicennia officinalis and Avicennia marina. The forest department officials at Rajkot and the locals
informed that, there has been a large scale degradation of mangrove forest due to the illegal cutting for the
fuel wood and fodder requirements by local villagers. However on the records of the forest department
Navalakhi area has about 7770 ha of mangrove forest, which has been notified under section 4 of Indian
forest act.
The proposed project site is within the jetty limits of the Navalakhi jetty, which is a developed & notified
jetty as per the notification issued on 21st November in the year 1955. The study area of the project includes
a small portion of mangrove area declared under section 4 and a portion of marine sanctuary. However no
project activity is being envisaged in the sanctuary area. Based on field observations it can be concluded that
the sanctuary area does not have good mangrove vegetation except few patches of scrubby mangrove.
Biological characteristic of a water body are very important as it determines the biological productivity of an
aquatic ecosystem and helps to study the ecological pyramids. Fish production depends on the production of
zooplanktons, whereas the production zooplankton depends on the production of phytoplankton, which is
very well known as primary productivity. Survival and growth of planktons is greatly associated with physico‐
chemical characteristics of the water. Marine water and sediment samples were collected from different
locations and various biological parameters like chlorophyll pigments, primary productivity, phaeophytin,
particulate organic carbon, zooplanktons, phytoplanktons and benthic fauna in the project area were
analysed and are described in the following paragraphs.
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A. Chlorophyll, phaeophytin:
The details of Chlorophyll and phaeophytin has been already discussed along with the marine water analysis
report. Chlorophyll and phaeophytin values observed at different stations, as a part of marine survey was
quite low. The results are as below.
Table No: 3.6.2.2(a) Analysis of Phyto Plankton Of
Marine Water Sample
Sr.No. Sampling Location Chlorophyll – a
mg/m3
Pheophytin
mg/m3
Cell Count
Unit/L
1. Sui Creek 1.9 1.7 250
2. Varsamedi Creek 2.3 1.8 430
3. Zammuwadi Creek 3.0 1.6 450
The chlorophyll values ranged from 1.9 to 3.0 mg/m3 and phaeophytin values ranged from 1.6 to 1.8 mg/m3.
The low values can be attributed to the high turbidity and extremely low light penetration. Particulate
organic carbon concentration was slightly better than chlorophyll and phaeophytin. The values of
chlorophyll, phaeophytin are given in table below.
C. Phytoplankton:
Chlorophyll containing Phytoplanktons are the microscopic organisms, which helps to convert the inorganic
carbon to organic through photosynthesis. Thus, the quantity and abundance of phytoplanktons can be used
as an indicator for the primary productivity of any aquatic ecosystem. Phytoplanktons are very sensitive to
organic and inorganic waste and respond quickly to environmental changes. Hence, their standing crop
species composition is more likely indicate the quality of water mass in which they are found. The
abundance of phytoplanktons is dependent on the level of nutrients and light penetration. The zooplanktons
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and larvae also feed on phytoplanktons and thus, their survival and abundance is also directly dependent on
the phytoplanktons of the area. Zooplanktons in turn are fed by larvae, juveniles, adult fishes and other
benthic organisms, etc. thus, this inter‐relationship or food chain is directly related to the phytoplankton
abundance.
At various stations, abundance and density of the phytoplankton is given in table below. All the
phytoplanktons belong to diatoms. A total of 17 phytoplankton species of diatoms were observed in the
study area. Cosindicus is the dominant species found at almost all the stations. Other major phytoplankton
species found in the area include Biddulphia sp. and Thallassiothrix sp. The density of phytoplanktons was in
surface water at all the Locations. The highest density of phytoplankton was observed at Location 3, which
was located at the mouth of Varsamadi estuary. Based on the density and diversity of phytoplankton
observed near the site it can be concluded that the area is not very productive.
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D. Zooplankton:
Zooplanktons are the important microscopic free floating organisms. Zooplanktons constitute an important
link between primary producer and consumers of higher order in the aquatic food web. Therefore, the
population dynamics of zooplanktons represents the physico‐chemical and biological conditions of water
body. The abundance and density of Zooplankton is given in table below. The important groups of
zooplanktons found in the area are protozoan, Porifers. The highest density (712 number of cells/m3) was
observed at station 3 in surface water and lower (580 number of cells/m3) observed at station 1. Based on
the density and diversity, it can be stated that the site is not very productive. The abundance and density of
zooplanktons depends upon the presence of phytoplanktons in a water body. Density and abundance of
zooplanktons observed in all the stations is very low. Since, the area is not very rich in phytoplanktons,
Zooplankton density and abundance reflects the low productivity, which is not sufficient to sustain good
fisheries potential in the area.
Table No: 3.6.2.2(b) Analysis Of Zooplankton For Of
Marine Water Sample
Percentage of Organisms in each group Sr.
No.
Sampling Location Total
Count
per m3 Protozoa Rotifera Copepoda
01. Sui Creek 580 72 21 9
02. Varsamedi Creek 610 80 13 7
03. Zammuwadi Creek 712 78 17 5
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E. Benthic fauna:
Benthic fauna denotes the whole assemblage of organisms dwelling at the bottom. The show marked
diversity depending upon the change in depths and properties of the sediment. The benthic fauna covers
both meio‐fauna and macro‐fauna. As a part of the field studies the benthic fauna was studied at all 4
locations.
The major groups of meio benthos noticed in the area include specules of Holothurians. Pedicileia of Sea
urchin, shell of Gastropods and Foraminifera and fish eggs and larvae. The group Gastropod is dominated at
all the stations. The details of the benthic organisms observed during the field studies are summarized in
table below. The comparative study of density & diversity at all the stations show that the site is not much
productive.
Low density and abundance of benthic fauna is in accordance with the lower values of phytoplanktons and
zooplanktons. Likewise, low primary productivity values also support the lower density and abundance of
meio‐benthos in the area. Therefore, it can be concluded that due to very low values of phytoplanktons,
zooplanktons, primary productivity and benthic organisms, the area is not favourable for good fisheries
potential.
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Table No: 3.6.2.2(c) Details of Benthos
Systematic Group Location 1 LOCATION 2 Location 3
Polychaetes + + +
Mysids _ _ _
Ostracods + ‐ ‐
Isopodes + + +
Amphipodes + + +
Brachyurans + + +
Insects ‐ ‐ +
Gastropodes ‐ ‐ ‐
Pelecypodes + + +
F. Fisheries:
Gujarat, one of the major marine states of India, possessing the longest coastline (1600 km) and
widest continental shelf area. A comparison of the statistical details of the state with the corresponding
figures for the country is as follows:
Table No: 3.6.2.2(c) Statistical details of the state with the corresponding figures for the country
Particulars India Gujarat
Length of coastline km 7517 1600
Continental shelf Area, sq.km 468000 165
Fishing villages, nos. 3355 208
Fishing landing centres, No. 2072 211
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Presently the fishing operation of the Gujarat coast is carried out by about 21018 artisanal and
mechanizes/motorized boats and about 4634 medium and small trawlers within the marine water. There
were 13 fishing centres in districts Rajkot. Statistical information on fisheries is given in table below. Major
fisheries activities in these districts have been undertaken in the coastal waters.
The proposed jetty site is about 3.5 Km West of the existing jetty of Navalakhi jetty, which is already in
operation. The fisheries of these areas can be divided into freshwater and marine. However, there are no
fresh water bodies in the study area except for a few seasonal Nallahs and therefore fresh water fishery
does not exist in the study area. About 40‐45% of the study area comes under water bodies i.e. Arabian sea,
which represents varied type of marine fishes. Inspite of the varied type of fish species the area is not rich in
fish production. Navalakhi is the only fish landing centre in the study area. Species dynamics of marine
indicates that Bombay duck is the most common species in this area and contributes to the major catch.
During the field studies no major fishing activity was noticed in the study area. Detailed marine ecological
surveys were also conducted to understand the biological productivity in this area. It
is evident from the physico‐chemical and biological analysis of Marine water and sediment samples that the
values of primary productivity, chlorophyll, phytoplankton, zooplanktons etc. are considerably low and
represents low biological productivity. Likewise fish production in this area is also low. This may mainly be
caused due to high turbidity arising because of marine transport of coal in the region.
The major fish species commonly observed in the study area are given in table below. The maximum landing
is observed between the months of August & September. Generally, flat bottom plank built boat and bag net
locally called ‘Gunja’ are used for fishing. The major fish catch for data was collected from the
commissionerate of Fisheries. Mechanical trollers equipped with gill net were used for the fishing.
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Table No: 3.6.2.2(D) Commonly Observed Fish Species in the Study Area
Sr. No. Scientific Name Common/Local Name
1. Pampus chinensis White pomfert
2. Trachysurus sona Cat fish
3. Mugal dussumeri Mullet
4. Herpodon neherus Bombay duck
5. Polynemus indicus Thread fin
6. Boleophtalmus dussumeri Mud skipper
7. Scaliodon sorrkowah Shark
8. Trichurus leptureus Baga
9. Metapenaeus spp. Prawn
10. Hilsa ilisha Indian shad
11. Penicillatus Indian prawn
12. Coilia dussumieri Golden anchovy
The fishery department has also indicated that no active fishing is practiced in and around the project site.
The proposed project area does not appear to be a spawning ground for fishes during the study. Overall
assessment indicates that the estuary has low fisheries potential.
G Crabs:
Specimens of the Scylla serrata (Mangrove crab) were observed during the field survey. Crab species is
common to the muddy areas of mangrove forest. Adult and juvenile specimens of the species were observed
at the site. This leads to the conclusion that the mangrove area could be the nursery ground for this crab.
However, no evidence of the breeding and spawning of this crab species could not be observed during field
survey.
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3.7 SOCIO‐ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
In order to assess and evaluate the likely impacts arising out of any new or existing projects in Socio‐
economic environment, it is necessary to gauge the apprehension of the people in the surrounding areas.
Socio‐economic survey serves as an effective tool for fulfilling this requirement for sustainable development
in the area.
The geological conditions and natural disaster has great influence on the study region. The disaster of
earthquake of 26th January 2001 has imposed many problems due to the mass destruction caused in the
region. At present there is no residential area in the Navlakhi region. The communities of the area have been
rehabilitated at New Navlakhi (Near Bodki Village). Besides this, there is no official record of any locality
found in the region during the study period. Even the jetty activities at Navlakhi have also been affected
after the disaster together with the socio economic and health environment in the villages. The only
employment opportunity in region is salt work, which is very intensive in the area up to Lavanpur. People of
some villages are engaged with agriculture and to a very lesser extent with animal husbandry. However the
annual return from these activities is very less as the area is highly affected by the salinity, which has
degraded the land in the area. Economic conditions of the local people have become inferior with the
decreasing jetty activity and very low employment opportunities.
The Socio Economic environment includes demography structure, Population density, literacy Level;
employment levels the data establish a baseline for the prediction of likely impacts of the proposed activity
on the socio economic environment.
Secondary information pertaining to the study area villages was collected from Government Agencies,
Census data for the year 2001, and statistical abstracts to compile the socio economic data.
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3.7.1 Demography:
Almost all Villages in the Study Area are experiencing a steady –slow growth of population, as the major
study area is restricted for residence. The total Population of study region is summarized in Table: 3.7.1 (a)
Table: 3.7.1 (a) Details of Population in Study Area
Zone of Study No of Houses Total Population
Varsamedi 226 1194
Navlakhi 31 115
Lavanpur 131 616
Bodki 134 640
Vavaniya 700 3961
Laxmivas 212 834
Mota Dahisara 1070 5182
Khirsara 136 672
Kuntasi 514 2380
Source: Primary Census 2001 of Dist. Rajkot
Sex Ratio:
The sex ratio is calculated as the number of females per 1000 males. It is in range of 8.7 to 1044.5 in study
region. This implies sociological aspect in relation to female births, infant mortality among female children. A
detail of the same is tabulated in Table: 3.7.1(b) and is represented graphically in Figure: 3.7.1(a).
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Table: 3.7.1 (b) Details of Sex Ratio in Study Area
Population Sex ratio Village
Male Female Total Female to 1000 Male
Varsamedi 584 610 1194 1045
Navlakhi 114 1 115 9
Lavanpur 328 288 616 878
Bodki 326 314 640 963
Vavaniya 2076 1885 3961 908
Laxmivas 446 388 834 870
Mota Dahisara 2638 2544 5182 964
Kuntasi 1252 1128 2380 901
Khirsara 324 348 672 1074
Source: Primary Census 2001 of District Rajkot
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Figure : 3.7.1 (a) Details of Sex Ratio in Study Area
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Varsam
edi
Navlak
hi
Lava
npur
Bodki
Vavan
iya
Laxm
ivas
Mota D
ahisa
ra
Kuntas
i
Khirsa
ra
Name of Studied Village
Popu
latio
n in
No.
Population MalePopulation FemalePopulation TotalSex ratio Female to 1000 Male
Literacy Rate
The literacy levels of the study area is summarized in Table: 3.7.1(c) and graphically presented in Figure:
3.7.1 (b).
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Table: 3.7.1 (c) Details of Literacy Rate in Study Area
Literate Village
Male Female Total
Varsamedi 303 135 438
Navlakhi 98 1 99
Lavanpur 200 72 272
Bodki 229 139 368
Vavaniya 988 371 1359
Laxmivas 393 226 619
Khirsara 191 115 306
Mota Dahisara
1654 1118 2772
Kuntasi 774 477 1251
Source: Primary Census 2001 of District Rajkot
Figure : 3.7.1 (b) Details of Literacy Rate in Study Area
0500
10001500200025003000
VarsamediNavlakhiLavanpurBodkiVavaniyaLaxmivasKhirsaraMota Dahisara
Kuntasi
Name of Village studied
No. o
f Litt
erat
e
Literate Male Literate Female Literate Total
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In Navlakhi, Highest Literacy rate is observed amongst male & female. Among all the villages of study area
Navlakhi is having high literacy rate i.e. 86.08%. The female literacy rate is quite less as compare to male
literacy rate in the study region. Female literacy rate is an important indicator for social change.
3.7.2 Economic Aspects:
Economic aspects of the study area include the economical structure of the people of the surrounding area.
It can be predicted that economic structure of the study area will be improved with time, because it consists
large industrial estate and hence there are more employment opportunities.
According to working status, whole population of the study area is divided into Non workers, Marginal
workers and Main workers.
Census department has defined 10 categories of workers in Main workers. It consists of cultivators,
agricultural, labourers engaged in livestock, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying, manufacturing,
processing and repairs in household industries and other services.
Workers engaged in the work for a period less than 6 month during the reference year falls under marginal
workers.Workers engaged in unpaid household duties e.g. students, retired person, dependents etc. falls
under non‐workers.
Detail of occupational structure is shown in Table: 3.7.2(a). However it is graphically presented in Figure:
3.7.2 (a). Per capita income & expenditure data is also given in Table ‐3.7.2 (b) for reflection of the socio‐
economic condition in the area.
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Table – 3.7.2(a)
Details of Occupational Structure
Total workers Village Non‐workers
Main workers Marginal workers
Varsamedi 662 528 4
Navlakhi 0 115 0
Lavanpur 400 216 0
Bodki 405 227 8
Vavaniya 2818 1033 110
Laxmivas 510 252 72
Khirsara 473 190 9
Mota
Dahisara 2934 1547 701
Kuntasi 1568 793 19
Source: Primary Census 2001 of District Rajkot
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Figure – 3.7.2(a) Details of Occupational Structure
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Varsam
edi
Navlak
hi
Lava
npur
Bodki
Vavan
iya
Laxm
ivas
Khirsa
ra
Mota D
ahisa
ra
Kuntas
i
Name of Village Studied
No.
of W
orke
rs
Non-w orkers Total w orkers Main w orkers Total w orkers Marginal w orkers
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Table: 3.7.2 (b)
Income and Expenditure of the village (in Rs.’ 00)
Per Capita Income/Expense Varsamedi Navlakhi Lavanpur Bodki
Separate figures available Yes No No Yes
Total Income 313 0 0 24
Total Expenditure 86 0 0 88
Source: Primary Census 2001 of District Rajkot
3.7.3 Amenities:
The study region is lacking of amenities in many socio‐economical aspects. However it can be seen from the
other census data that the lack of significant population and other developmental factors in region has
shown its impacts on the provision of amenities in the region. The detail of amenities in the region is given in
Table: 3.7.3 (a) to Table –:3.7.3 (h).
The data were adopted from the District Census Data for Rajkot District, which are originally from the
database of Census of India 2001. The Codes originally used in the data are as following:
(Y/N) = YES/NO (A/NA) = AVAILABLE/NOT AVAILABLE
Codes used for ‐‐(Y/N) or (A/NA) are‐‐
VALUE IS : 1‐ FOR YES OR AVAILABLE, AND
2‐ FOR NO OR NOT AVAILABLE
0‐ For Nil information/Not available
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Table: 3.7.3 (A) Electricity In The Study Region
Village Varsamedi Navlakhi Lavanpur Bodki
Power supply (A/NA) 1 1 1 1
Electricity for Domestic use 1 0 0 1
Electricity of Agricultural use 0 0 0 0
Electricity of other purposes 0 0 0 0
Electricity for all purposes 0 1 1 0
News paper/Magazine (Y/N) 1 1 1 1
News Paper (Indicate N, if arrived) N N N N
Magazine (indicate M, if arrived) M
Table: 3.7.3 (b) Drinking Water Facility in the Study Region
Village Varsamedi Navlakhi Lavanpur Bodki
Drinking Water facility (A/NA) 1 1 1 1
Tap Water (T) 1 1 1 1
Well Water (W) 1 1 1 1
Tank Water (TK) 2 2 2 2
Tubewell Water (TW) 2 2 2 2
Handpumb (HP) 1 2 2 2
River Water(R) 2 2 2 2
Canal (C) 2 2 2 2
Lake (L) 2 2 2 2
Spring (S) 2 2 2 2
Other drinking water sources (O) 2 2 2 2
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Table: 3.7.3 (c) Educational Amenities in the Study Region
Village Varsamedi Navlakhi Lavanpur Bodki
Educational facilities (A/NA) 1 1 1 1
Number of Primary School 1 1 1 1
Number of Middle School 0 0 0 0
Number of Secondary School 0 1 0 0
Number of Senior Secondary School 0 0 0 0
Number of Collage 0 0 0 0
Number of Industrial School 0 0 0 0
Number of Training School 0 0 0 0
Number of Adult literacy Class/Centre 0 0 0 0
Number of Other educational facilities 0 0 0 0
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Table: 3.7.3 (d) Medical facilities in the study region
Village Varsamedi Navlakhi Lavanpur Bodki
Medical facilities (A/NA) 2 2 1 2
Number of Allopathic Hospital 0 0 0 0
Number of Ayurvedic Hospital 0 0 0 0
Number of Unani Hospital 0 0 0 0
Number of Homeopathic Hospital 0 0 0 0
Number of Allopathic Dispensary 0 0 0 0
Number of Ayurvedic Dispensary 0 0 0 0
Number of Unani Dispensary 0 0 0 0
Number of Homeopathic Dispensary 0 0 0 0
Number of Maternity and Child Welfare Centre 0 0 0 0
Number of Maternity Home 0 0 0 0
Number of Child Welfare Centre 0 0 0 0
Number of Health Centre 0 0 0 0
Number of Primary Health Centre 0 0 0 0
Number of Primary Health Sub Centre 0 0 1 0
Number of Family Welfare Centre 0 0 0 0
Number of T.B. Clinic 0 0 0 0
Number of Nursing Home 0 0 0 0
Number of Registered Private Medical
Practiotioners 0 0 2 0
Number of Subsidised Medical Practitioners 0 0 0 0
Number of Community Health workers 0 0 1 0
Number of Other medical facilities 0 0 0 0
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Table: 3.7.3 (e) Communication Facility in the Study Region
Village Varsamedi Navlakhi Lavanpur Bodki
Post, Telegraph and Telephone facilities 1 1 1 1
Number of Post Office 1 1 1 1
Number of Telegraph Office 0 0 0 0
Number of Post and Telegraph Office 0 1 0 0
Number of Telephone connections 4 15 2 1
Communication (Y/N) 1 1 1 1
Table: 3.7.3 (f) Transport Facilities in the Study Region
Village Varsamedi Navlakhi Lavanpur Bodki
Bus services 1 1 1 1
Railways services 0 1 1 0
Navigable water way including River, Canal etc. 2 1 2 2
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Table: 3.7.3 (g) Approach Facilities in the Study Region
Village Varsamedi Navlakhi Lavanpur Bodki
Approach to Village (Y/N)
Approach ‐ Paved Road 2 1 1 1
Approach ‐ Mud Road 1 2 2 2
Approach ‐ Foot Path 2 2 2 2
Approach ‐ Navigable River 2 2 2 2
Approach ‐ Navigable Canal 2 2 2 2
Approach ‐ Navigable water‐way other than
river or canal 2 1 2 2
Nearest Town MORVI MORVI MORVI MORVI
Distance from the nearest Town (in
Kilometer(s)) 37 105 37 32
Table: 3.7.3 (h) Banking & Commercial Facility Facilities in the Study Region
Village Varsamedi Navlakhi Lavanpur Bodki
Banking facility (Y/N) 2 2 2 2
Number of Commercial Bank 0 0 0 0
Number of Co‐operative Commercial Bank 0 0 0 0
Credit Societies (Y/N) 2 2 2 2
Number of Agricultural Credit Societies 0 0 0 0
Number of Non Agricultural Credit Societies 0 0 0 0
Number of Other Credit Societies 0 0 0 0
Recreational and Cultural facilities (Y/N) 2 2 2 2
Number of Cinema/Video‐hall 0 0 0 0
Number of Sports Club 0 0 0 0
Number of Stadium/Auditorium 0 0 0 0
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3.8 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Various activities associated with Industrial development including each stage of site clearance, construction
and operation of installations generate Sound. Sound is perceived as noise when it impinges on human
activities through close proximity of people to sound sources, inadequate shielding etc.
People’s perception of noise varies. It depends on number of factors including their natural sensitivity and
hearing ability, cultural factors and the time of the day at which the sound is experienced. Continuous sound
is perceived quite differently from intermittent sound at the same level. High or continuous noise level may
cause permanent loss of hearing ranging from reduced perception at certain frequencies to total deafness. At
comparatively lower levels noise may have psychological effects including disturbance of sleep, annoyance
and irritation.
The objective of the baseline noise survey is to identify existing noise sources and to measure background
noise levels at the sensitive receptors within the study area (10‐km radius from plant site). Spot noise levels
were measured using a portable Noise level meter.
Noise level was monitored in background region of project site and roads/highways once in a study period.
The exact locations of monitoring station were shown in Figure: 3.8. The noise monitoring results are shown
in Table: 3.8(a).
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FIGURE 3.8
NOISE MONITORING LOCATION
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Table: 3.8(a) Noise Monitoring Results Date 25/11/2010
Sr.No. Location
Noise Level
in dB(A)
Day‐time
Noise Level
in dB(A)
Night‐time
1. Navlakhi jetty 56 47
2. Navlakhi jetty Railway station 53 45
3. Navlakhi jetty GMB Gate 52 48
4. Navlakhi jetty Near Coal Heap 51 46
5. Navlakhi jetty Nr. Fisherman colony 50 47
6. Road Nr. Navlakhi jetty 50 42
7. Lavanpur Railway Station 59 54
8. Lavanpur Village 51 45
9. On road Nr. Lavanpur 55 46
10. Mota dahisara Railway Station 58 51
11. Mota dahisara Village 56 50
12. Khirsara Vollage 53 48
13. Near Road Between Lavanpur &
Khirsara
52 47
14. New Navlakhi village 48 41
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Table: 3.8 (b) Noise Level Standards
Limits in dB (A) Sr.
No. Category of Area
Day time
6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.
Night time
10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.
1. Industrial Area 75 70
2. Commercial Area 65 55
3. Residential Area 55 45
4. Silence Zone i.e. Hospital,
Educational institute etc.
50 40
In the study area, maximum noise level during day time is 60 dB (A) and night time is about 40 dB (A). Overall
it is observed that the noise levels within study area are meeting to the acceptable norms.
3.9 CRZ NOTIFICATION CRITERIA
Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, CRZ Rules were declared in order to regulate the
development of industries, operations, and processes in the Coastal Stretches.
3.9.1 Regulation of Permissible Activities:
Notification on Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) 1991 (Main Notification S.O .114 E Dated 19th February, 1991
and as amended upto 21st May, 2002) provides for declaring the Coastal Stretches as Coastal Regulation
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Zone (CRZ) and regulating activities i.e. imposing restrictions on industries, operations and processes in the
CRZ.
CRZ is defined as all coastal stretches of seas, bays, estuaries, creeks, rivers and back waters which are
influenced by tidal action (in the land ward side) up to 500 m from the High Tide Line (HTL) and the land
between the High Tide Level and Low Tide Line (LTL). The HTL means the line on the land upto, which the
highest water line reaches during spring tide (the HTL shall be demarcated uniformly in all parts of the
country by the demarcating authorities).
The notification provides for construction of jetties, harbour, jetties, wharves, quays, and spillways, under
the following regulations:
• Clearance shall be required for any activity, within the Coastal Regulation Zone only if it requires water
front and foreshore facilities.
• The clearance is required from the Ministry of Environment and Forests, GOI for operational
constructions for jetties and harbours and light houses and constructions for activities such as jetties,
wharves, quays and spillways, and also for activities with investment exceeding Rs. 5 Crores.
According to the coastal area classification and development regulations the proposed project falls in the
following classification category:
• Category I (CRZ I)
(i) Ecologically sensitive and important areas are declared by the Central Govt. or the concerned
authorities at the State / Union Territory levels time to time.
(ii) Area between the LTL and HTL
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• Category III (CRZ III)
Areas those are relatively undisturbed and those which do not belong to either Category I or II will include
coastal zone in the rural areas (developed and undeveloped) and also areas within Municipal limits or in
other legally designed urban areas, which are not substantially built up.
The proposed project is not going to add any additional pollutants but will add significantly to the company’s
efficiency and productivity. Therefore, the project has a strong justification and will enable the company to
further excel in the export performance, which is very vital for the country as it will earn very good foreign
exchange for the country.
The map showing CRZ boundaries for proposed jetty project is shown in Figure: 3.9
3.10 LAND USE
Proposed jetty will be constructed within the Hansthal Creek of Gulf of Kutch to the west of Navalakhi jetty.
The project is proposed to be developed in the marine region but some of allied activities and set‐ups of
proposed jetty will be developed on the land in the Hansthal Creek near the junction of Sui. The study area
mainly comprises of sea and land. The land portion is predominantly plain. Overall it is seen that major
portion of the study area (about 40‐45%) spreads over the seawater area and about 30‐35 % of the total
study area constitutes mudflats/marshy land. Only about 20‐30% of the total study area is the land portion.
Land use classification of the study area is presented bellow in the Table 3.10 and in Figure 3.10.
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Table: 3.10 Land use Classification
Land use Category
Percentage Of Study Area
Water Bodies
42.68
Mud Flat
30.63
Degraded Mangroves
20.92
Settlements
0.20
Agricultural Land
0.51
Scrubs
2.53
Salt bed
2.00
Vegetation
0.14
Barren
0.30
Salt bed (Barren)
0.09
TOTAL
100.00
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Figure: 3.10 Land Use Pattern of Study Area
0.2
0.51
0.09
0.30.14
22.53
20.92
42.68
30.63
Water BodiesMud Flat Degraded MangrovesSettlements Agricultural LandScrubs Salt bed VegetationBarrenSalt bed (Barren)
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The detailed description and explanation of different land use and land cover categories, seen in the study
area, is discussed below.
3.10.1 Water Bodies:
Creeks are found as the major water bodies in the study area. River basins in the study region were not
found but some ponds and lakes were found in the study region & extended regions.
3.10.2 Mud Flat:
Mud Flat is the second other major subcategory in the study area. It comprises of soft clayed mud due to
high water table and has a flat topography. This area is mainly submerged during high tides and therefore
serves as an ideal habitat for the growth of seaweed, coastal swampy and marshy vegetation.
3.10.3 Mangroves:
The study area of the project includes a small portion of mangrove area and a portion of marine sanctuary.
However no project activity envisaged in sanctuary area. Based on satellite data and field observations it can
be concluded that the sanctuary does not have good mangrove vegetation except few narrow discontinuous
patches of scrubby mangroves.
3.10.4 Vegetation and Scrub:
The samples were collected as per the information provided by forest department. Study area has about 397
ha of forestland. It was also observed during the field survey that the status of terrestrial forest is not good
in the study area. Only scrub forest consisting of Prosopis juliflora and Acacia nilotica were observed at few
places, while rest of the area is generally barren. Department of Forest has planted some area but the major
area of study is out of the range covered by the Plantation program. The total reserved forest cover on the
record of Department of forest is Varsamedi ‐114.93 Ha, Bodki ‐121.41 Ha., Zinzuda ‐ 20.64 Ha., Fadsar ‐
80.94 Ha. and Bela ‐58.54 Ha. which is in aggregate being 396.46 Ha.
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3.10.5 Agricultural Land:
Cropland occurs in small patches in the eastern corners of the study area. The major crops cultivated are
wheat, paddy groundnut etc. As there is no source of irrigation, agricultural activity is totally dependent on
rain water.
3.10.6 Settlements:
It is the area of human habitation.It was observed that there is very spars human settlement in the area
surrounding the project site. Few settlement were noticed in Navlakhi, Lavanpur, Varsamedi and Bodki. The
human habitation area is included as built‐up land. Apart from this the built‐up land also includes harbour,
jetty, jetty go downs, jetty administrative buildings etc.
3.10.7 Salt Bed:
The salt pan develops due to arid climate and due to high rate of encrustation and deposition of salt by the
tidal water. This occurs in patches in the southern, western and eastern parts of the study area. However
major salt pans are located in the eastern and southern shores. The major salt pans located in the study
region are Chowgule and Maharaja salt works.
3.10.8 Barren Land (Waste Land):
The important land cover falling in the study area is barren land wasteland. Wasteland is presently barren
and currently unutilised because of lack of water and soil management.