DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT...

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DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGS Christopher Fulton, B.Sc.(Eng.) Lindsey Tourand, P.Eng. Parsons Brinkerhoff Halsall Inc.

Transcript of DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT...

Page 1: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGS

Christopher Fulton, B.Sc.(Eng.) Lindsey Tourand, P.Eng.

Parsons Brinkerhoff Halsall Inc.

Page 2: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Reference: Seinfeld, Keith 2011, Demolition of a Nearly‐New Seattle Tower, photograph, viewed 28 April 2014 <http://www.kplu.org/post/demolition‐nearly‐new‐seattle‐tower>

Page 3: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Deterioration of Unbonded PT

Moisture during constructionMoisture during serviceMechanical damage

Page 4: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

The Evolution of Unbonded PT

Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,” Concrete International, February 1991

Page 5: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

The Study

Goal of the study was to answer:

What is Tendon Failure Rate? 

What is the Cause of Failure?

Page 6: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

The Study

Data Collected:

Acoustic Monitoring Records for 26 Structures

Visual Review of 246 Tendon Failures from 7 Structures

Page 7: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Background on Acoustic Monitoring

Page 8: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Background on Acoustic Monitoring

Page 9: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Study Part 1 –Review of Acoustic Monitoring Records

Page 10: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Breakage Rates

0

1

2

3

4

5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

Num

ber o

f Structures

Average Annual Wire Breakage Rate

Average Annual Wire Breakage Rate by Structure Type

Hi‐Rise Structure Parking Structure

Page 11: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Breakage Rates

1.0

6.5

3.6

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Hi‐Rise Parking Parking (Adjusted)

Average An

nual W

ire Breakage Ra

te 

per 1

00,000ft²

Structure Type

Average Annual Wire Breakage Rate per 100,000ft² by Structure Type

Page 12: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Study Part 2 –Review of Tendon Failure Causes

Page 13: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Causes of Tendon Failure

Corrosion from Moisture 

Page 14: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Causes of Tendon Failure

Mechanical Damage

Page 15: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Causes of Tendon Failure

Anchor Slippage

Page 16: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Causes of Tendon Failure

Moisture During Service28%

Mechanical Damage22%Moisture Prior 

to Service17%

Anchor Slippage8%

Understressed from 

Construction10%

Unknown15%

Causes of Post‐Tensioned Tendon Failures in Interior Spaces (72 Tendon Sample Size)

Page 17: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Causes of Tendon Failure

Moisture During Service95%

Moisture Prior to Service

5%

Causes of Post‐Tensioned Tendon Failure in Exterior Slabs(174 Tendon Sample Size)

Page 18: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

What Does It All Mean?

Large percentage of PT tendon failures are the result of moisture entry or mechanical damage during service. These failures can be mitigated through regular preventative maintenance

The stigma that unbonded PT structures are unpredictable and costly to maintain may not be 

deserved

Page 19: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

Special Thanks

Study Co‐Authored by Stephan Trepanier, Partner at Edison Engineering

Acoustic Monitoring data provided by Pure Technologies Limited

Page 20: DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGSww2.post-tensioning.org/2014PTIConvention/Session4/4.pdf · Reference: Schupack, M., “Corrosion Protection for Unbonded Tendons,”

DISPELLING THE MYTH ABOUT UNBONDED PT BUILDINGS

Questions?

Christopher Fulton, B.Sc.(Eng.) Lindsey Tourand, P.Eng.

Parsons Brinkerhoff Halsall Inc.