Discovery of an Ultra-Compact Gamma-ray Millisecond Pulsar ......•Accreting millisecond X-ray...

Albert KongIns$tute of Astronomy

Na$onal Tsing Hua University, Taiwan

Phyllis Yen, Ruolan Jin, Ray Li, Thomas Tam, David Hui, K. S. Cheng, Jumpei Takata, and Fermi Asian Network (FAN)

Discovery of an Ultra-Compact Gamma-ray Millisecond Pulsar Binary Candidate

5th International Fermi Symposium Nagoya University, Japan 20-24, October, 2014

Millisecond Pulsars (MSPs)• Very rapid rotating

neutron star

• Majority are in binaries

• Some are isolated systems

• MSPs are detected in the radio, X-ray, gamma-ray, and OIR

• MSP begins its life as a normal pulsar and is spun up via accretion from its companion

Black Widow MSPs

• Some MSP binaries have an orbital period of < 1day

• Pulsar radia$on can ablate the companion, leaving an isolated MSP at the end

Biology Lettersvolum

e 1 .num

ber 3 .pages 253 –380 .

22 September 2005

ISSN 1744-9561

volume 1

number 3

pages 253–380

’

22 September 2005volume 1 . number 3 . pages 253–380

253 Image content influences men’s semen qualityS. J. Kilgallon & L. W. Simmons

256 Women’s preference for dominant male odour: effectsof menstrual cycle and relationship statusJ. Havlicek, S. C. Roberts & J. Flegr

260 Genetic influences on variation in female orgasmicfunction: a twin studyK. M. Dunn, L. F. Cherkas & T. D. Spector

264 The multiple signals assessed by female satinbowerbirds: could they be used to narrow downfemales' choices of mates?T. E. Robson, A. W. Goldizen & D. J. Green

268 Reversible switches between male–male andmale–female mating behaviour by male damselfliesH. Van Gossum, L. De Bruyn & R. Stoks

271 Terminal reproductive effort in a marsupialJ. L. Isaac & C. N. Johnson

276 Novel male trait prolongs survival in suicidal matingM. C. B. Andrade, L. Gu & J. A. Stoltz

280 A Romani mitochondrial haplotype in England 500years before their recorded arrival in BritainA. L. Töpf & A. R. Hoelzel

283 Bigger is not always better: when brains get smallerK. Safi, M. A. Seid & D. K. N. Dechmann

287 A cryptic taxon of Galápagos tortoise inconservation perilM. A. Russello, S. Glaberman, J. P. Gibbs, C. Marquez,J. R. Powell & A. Caccone

291 A rapid loss of stripes: the evolutionary history of theextinct quaggaJ. A. Leonard, N. Rohland, S. Glaberman, R. C. Fleischer,A. Caccone & M. Hofreiter

296 Avian collision risk at an offshore wind farmM. Desholm & J. Kahlert

299 Spider signals: are web decorations visible to birdsand bees?M. J. Bruce, A. M. Heiling & M. E. Herberstein

303 Sensitivity to dimethyl sulphide suggests a mechanismfor olfactory navigation by seabirdsG. A. Nevitt & F. Bonadonna

306 Ultraviolet vision and foraging in dip and plungediving birdsO. Håstad, E. Ernstdotter & A. Ödeen

310 Ultraviolet reflecting photonic microstructures in theKing Penguin beakB. Dresp, P. Jouventin & K. Langley

314 Spatial encoding in mountain chickadees: featuresovershadow geometryE. R. Gray, L. L. Bloomfield, A. Ferrey, M. L. Spetch &C. B. Sturdy

318 No sex difference in yolk steroid concentrations ofavian eggs at layingK. M. Pilz, E. Adkins-Regan & H. Schwabl

322 Livestock grazing affects the egg size of aninsectivorous passerineD. M. Evans, S. M. Redpath, S. A. Evans, D. A. Elston &P. Dennis

326 Genetic diversity predicts pathogen resistanceand cell-mediated immunocompetence in housefinchesD. M. Hawley, K. V. Sydenstricker, G. V. Kollias &A. A. Dhondt

330 Continental variation in relative hippocampal volumein birds: the phylogenetic extent of the effect and thepotential role of winter temperaturesL. Z. Garamszegi & J. R. Lucas

334 Feathers at nests are potential female signals in thespotless starlingJ. P. Veiga & V. Polo

338 Why not walk faster?J. R. Usherwood

342 Modulation of passive force in single skeletalmuscle fibresD. E. Rassier, E.-J. Lee & W. Herzog

346 Do insect metabolic rates at rest and during flightscale with body mass?J. E. Niven & J. P. W. Scharlemann

350 Epidemiological implications of the contact network structure for cattle farms and the 20–80 ruleM. E. J. Woolhouse, D. J. Shaw, L. Matthews, W.-C. Liu,D. J. Mellor & M. R. Thomas

353 Different hunting strategies select for differentweights in red deerM. Martínez, C. Rodríguez-Vigal, O. R. Jones, T. Coulson &A. San Miguel

357 Eating without hands or tongue: specialization,elaboration and the evolution of prey processingmechanisms in cartilaginous fishesM. N. Dean, C. D. Wilga & A. P. Summers

362 Effects of Hurricane Charley on fish chorusingJ. V. Locascio & D. A. Mann

366 Extreme spatial variability in marine picoplanktonand its consequences for interpreting Euleriantime-seriesA. P. Martin, M. V. Zubkov, P. H. Burkill & R. J. Holland

370 Habitat selection determines abundance, richnessand species composition of beetles in aquaticcommunitiesC. A. Binckley & W. J. Resetarits Jr

375 Costly parasite resistance: a genotype-dependenthandicap in sand lizards?M. Olsson, E. Wapstra, T. Madsen, B. Ujvari & C. Rugfelt

378 Differential sex allocation in sand lizards: bright malesinduce daughter production in a species withheteromorphic sex chromosomesM. Olsson, E. Wapstra & T. Uller

22 September 2005www.journals.royalsoc.ac.ukPublished in Great Britain by The Royal Society, 6–9 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y 5AG

Founded in 1660, the Royal Society is the independent scientific academy of the UK, dedicated to promotingexcellence in science

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Black Widow MSPs

• Companion can either be a less massive (< 0.05 M⊙) degenerate object (black-‐widow) or a late-‐type star (redback)

• BW/RB MSPs are the missing link between LMXBs and isolated MSPs

• Because of the pulsar’s hea$ng on the companion, the op$cal emission from the companion can be changed by more than 2 magnitudes in an orbital cycle

• Tradi$onally, MSPs are discovered via radio $ming

• Radio $ming at the Fermi’s gamma-‐ray posi$ons

• Blind search of gamma-‐ray pulsa$on is now possible with Fermi; it is however very hard for MSPs (Pletsch+ 2012, Science) and op$cal data are required

• MSPs can be ``radio-‐quiet’’ that have not been seen yet

• No radio => Need X-‐ray/gamma-‐ray data

• Too many X-‐ray sources and many different classes of sources

• Gamma-‐ray data are more ``simple’’

How can we search for BW/RB MSPs?

Selec$ng MSP candidates in the Fermi catalog

• Steady (variability index)

•Non power-‐law source (curvature index)

•High Galac$c la$tude

•No reported radio emission

•Archival X-‐ray imaging data (compare gamma-‐ray and X-‐ray, and hopefully mul$-‐wavelength follow-‐up)

Mul%-‐wavelength campaign for searching “radio-‐quiet” MSPs

• Select suitable uniden$fied Fermi objects (UFOs) for follow-‐up X-‐ray and op$cal observa$ons

• Swib/Chandra/XMM observa$ons can iden$fy possible counterparts; no radio counterparts

• Iden$fy the op$cal counterpart and look for op$cal variability due to the orbital modula$on

UFO as a ``radio-‐quiet’’ gamma-‐ray emicng MSP in a binary? 1FGL J2339.7-‐0531

FermiOp$cal/X-‐ray @4.6hr

Kong+ 2012

JVLA Con$nuum Observa$on of the RB MSP 1FGL J2339.7-‐0531

63 μJy

1FGL J1653.6-0158: a “radio-quiet” ultra-compact MSP?

• Steady gamma-ray source

• Exponential cutoff power-law spectrum

• X-ray/gamma-ray flux ratio: ~0.5% (typical of MSPs)

• No pulsation from GBT (Ransom+ 2011) and Effelsberg (Barr+ 2013)

• The brightest X-ray source within the Fermi error circle has an optical counterpart (R~20)

• Preliminary study was performed with the 1m telescope at Lulin Observatory in Taiwan

• Variability on timescale of 1 hour is seen

• We performed a time-series observation with the 2.5m INT at La Palma in 2014 June.



Chandra

Kong+ 2014

r’ band

g’ band

g’-r’

Chandra

Pb=75 min

• Accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars (AMXPs) have been found with ultra-compact (< 80 min) binary periods

• An ultra-compact binary consists of a compact object and a degenerate or partially degenerate companion

• Ultra-compact binaries are important sources for gravitational waves

• It should be natural to have an ultra-compact rotation-powered MSP when the accretion of an ultra-compact AMXP stops

• 1FGL J1653.6-0158 could be the first example of an ultra-compact MSP

Ultra-compact MSP: A Missing Black Widow

• Optical spectroscopy shows that 1FGL J1653.6-0158 is hydrogen poor (Romani+ 2014) => more likely a black widow instead of a redback

• Pulsation search (radio, gamma-ray, and X-ray) will be the ultimate test

• An accurate optical orbital period will be crucial

• JVLA proposal was proposed to confirm if it is truly “radio-quiet”

• XMM and NuSTAR observations to obtain a better X-ray lightcurve and phase-resolved spectroscopy were proposed

• We are looking forward to the 3FGL catalog (>300 new UFOs)

Ultra-compact MSP: A Missing Black Widow

Discovery of an Ultra-Compact Gamma-ray Millisecond Pulsar ......•Accreting millisecond X-ray...

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