Discovering Computers 2011 - · PDF file6/2/2016 · Evolution of the Internet...
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Living in a Digital World Discovering Computers 2011
Transcript of Discovering Computers 2011 - · PDF file6/2/2016 · Evolution of the Internet...
Living in a Digital World
Discovering
Computers 2011
Objectives Overview
Discuss the evolution of theInternet
Identify and briefly describevarious broadband Internet
connections and statedifferences between broadbandInternet connections and dial-
up connections
Describe the types of Internetaccess providers
Describe the purpose of an IPaddress and its relationship to a
domain name
Explain the purpose of a Webbrowser and identify the
components of a Web address
Describe how to use a searchengine to search for
information on the Web anddifferentiate between a searchengine and a subject directory
See Page 73
for Detailed ObjectivesDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
Chapter 22
Objectives Overview
Describe the types of Websites
Explain how Web pages usegraphics, animation, audio,
video, virtual reality, andplug-ins
Identify and briefly describethe steps required for Web
publishing
Describe the types of e-commerce
Explain how e-mail, mailinglists, instant messaging,
chat rooms, VoIP,newsgroups and message
boards, and FTP work
Identify the rules ofnetiquette
See Page 73
for Detailed ObjectivesDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
Chapter 23
The Internet
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networksthat links millions of businesses, governmentagencies, educational institutions, and individuals
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Figure 2-1Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Evolution of the Internet
• The Internet originated as ARPANET in September1969 and had two main goals:
Allow scientists atdifferent physicallocations to share
information and worktogether
Function even if part ofthe network were
disabled or destroyedby a disaster
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Evolution of the Internet
1969ARPANETbecomes
functional
1984ARPANET has
more than1,000
individualcomputerslinked as
hosts
1986 NSFconnectsNSFnet to
ARPANET andbecomes
known as theInternet
1995 NSFNetterminatesits network
on theInternet and
resumesstatus asresearchnetwork
1996Internet2 is
founded
Today Morethan 550
million hostsconnect to
the Internet
Pages 75 - 76 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
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Evolution of the Internet
• Each organization is responsible only formaintaining its own network
– The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) overseesresearch and sets guidelines and standards
• Internet2 connects more than 200 universitiesand 115 companies via a high-speed privatenetwork
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click W3Cbelow Chapter 2
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Evolution of the Internet
• Many home and small business users connect tothe Internet via high-speed broadband Internetservice
CableInternetservice
DSL
Fiber tothe
Premises(FTTP)
Fixedwireless
CellularRadio
NetworkWi-Fi
SatelliteInternetService
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Evolution of the Internet
• An access provider is a business that provides individualsand organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
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Figure 2-2Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Evolution of the Internet
ISP (Internet serviceprovider)
Regional ISPs provideInternet access to a
specific geographicalarea
National ISPs provideInternet access incities and towns
nationwide
Online serviceprovider (OSP)
Has many members-only features
Popular OSPs includeAOL (America Online)and MSN (Microsoft
Network)
Wireless Internetservice provider
(WISP)
Provides wirelessInternet access to
computers andmobile devices
May require awireless modem
Click to view Web Link, clickChapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, thenclick Wireless Modemsbelow Chapter 2
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Evolution of the Internet
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Figure 2-3Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Evolution of the Internet
• An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies eachcomputer or device connected to the Internet
• A domain name is the text version of an IP address
– Top-level domain (TLD)
• A DNS server translates the domain name into itsassociated IP address
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Figure 2-4Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Evolution of the Internet
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Figure 2-5Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
Pages 80 - 81 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
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• The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of aworldwide collection of electronic documents(Web pages)
• A Web site is a collection of related Web pagesand associated items
• A Web server is a computer that deliversrequested Web pages to your computer
• Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a meansfor users to interact
The World Wide Web
• A Web browser, or browser, allows users toaccess Web pages and Web 2.0 programs
InternetExplorer Firefox Opera
SafariGoogleChrome
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The World Wide Web
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The World Wide Web
• A home page is the firstpage that a Web sitedisplays
• Web pages provide links toother related Web pages
– Surfing the Web
• Downloading is theprocess of receivinginformation
• Some Web pages aredesigned specifically formicrobrowsers
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click iPhonebelow Chapter 2
Pages 82 - 83
Figure 2-7Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
• A Web page has a unique address called a URL orWeb address
Pages 82 – 83
Figure 2-8Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
• Tabbed browsing allows you to open and view multipleWeb pages in a single Web browser window
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Tabbed Browsingbelow Chapter 2
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Figure 2-9Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
• Two types of search tools are search engines andsubject directories
Searchengine
Finds informationrelated to a
specific topic
Subjectdirectory
Classifies Webpages in an
organized set ofcategories
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The World Wide Web
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Figure 2-10Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
• A search engine is helpful in locating items suchas:
Images Videos Audio News
MapsPeople or
Businesses Blogs
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The World Wide Web
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The World Wide Web
• Some Web browsers contain an Instant Search boxto eliminate the steps of displaying the searchengine’s Weď page prior to entering the searĐhtext
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The World Wide Web
• Search operators can help to refine your search
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The World Wide Web
• There are thirteen types of Web sites
Portal News Informational Business/Marketing
Blog Wiki Online SocialNetwork
Educational
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Figure 2-15Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
Entertainment Advocacy WebApplication
ContentAggregator
Personal
Pages 91 – 92
Figure 2-15Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Video: Tell Your Stories via Vlog
CLICK TO START
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
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The World Wide Web
• Information presentedon the Web must beevaluated for accuracy
• No one oversees thecontent of Web pages
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Figure 2-16Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
• Multimedia refers to any application thatcombines text with:
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The World Wide Web
• A graphic is a digitalrepresentation ofnontext information
• Graphic formats includeBMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG,and TIFF
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The World Wide Web
• A thumbnail is a smallversion of a largergraphic
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The World Wide Web
• Animation is the appearance of motion createdby displaying a series of still images in sequence
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The World Wide Web
• Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound
– Compressed to reduce file size
• You listen to audio on your computer using a player
• Streaming is the process of transferring data in acontinuous and even flow
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Figure 2-20Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
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The World Wide Web
• Video consists of full-motion images that areplayed back at various speeds
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click YouTubebelow Chapter 2
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Figure 2-22Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
• Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers tosimulate a real or imagined environment thatappears as a three-dimensional space
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Figure 2-23Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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The World Wide Web
• A plug-in is a program that extends the capabilityof a Web browser
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The World Wide Web
• Web publishing is the development andmaintenance of Web pages
Plan aWeb site
Analyzeand
design aWeb site
Create aWeb site
Deploy aWeb site
Maintaina Web
site
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Web Page AuthoringSoftware below Chapter 2
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E-Commerce
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• E-commerce is a business transaction that occursover an electronic network
– M-commerce identifies e-commerce that takes placeusing mobile devices
E-Commerce
E-commerce
Business-to-
consumer(B2C)
Consumer-to-
consumer(C2C)
Business-to-
business(B2B)
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E-Commerce
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Google CheckoutSoftware below Chapter 2
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Figure 2-25Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Other Internet Services
• E-mail is thetransmission ofmessages and files via acomputer network
• An e-mail programallows you to create,send, receive, forward,store, print, and deletee-mail messages
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Other Internet Services
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Other Internet Services
• A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addressesgiven a single name
– Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address
– Unsubscribing removes your name
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click E-Mail belowChapter 2
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Figure 2-28Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Other Internet Services
• Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internetcommunications service
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Figure 2-29Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Other Internet Services
• A chat is a real-timetyped conversation thattakes place on acomputer
• A chat room is alocation on an Internetserver that permitsusers to chat with eachother
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Chat Roomsbelow Chapter 2
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Figure 2-30Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Other Internet Services
• VoIP (Voice over IP)enables users to speakto other users over theInternet
– Also called Internettelephony
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Figure 2-31Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Other Internet Services
• A newsgroup is anonline area in whichusers have writtendiscussions about aparticular subject
– Typically requires anewsreader
• A message board is aWeb-based type ofdiscussion group
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Figure 2-32Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World
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Other Internet Services
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standardthat permits file uploading and downloading withother computers on the Internet
• Many operating systems include FTP capabilities
• An FTP server is a computer that allows users toupload and/or download files using FTP
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click FTPbelow Chapter 2
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