Discovering Computers 2008 Fundamentals Fourth Edition Discovering Computers 2008 Fundamentals...

Discovering Computers 2008FundamentalsFourth Edition

Discovering Computers 2008FundamentalsFourth Edition

Chapter 1 Introduction

toComputers

Chapter 1 Objectives

Recognize the importance of computer literacy

Recognize the importance of computer literacy

Identify the components ofa computer

Identify the components ofa computer

Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web

Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web

Identify the categories of softwareIdentify the categories of software

Describe the categories of computersDescribe the categories of computers

Identify the types of computer users

Identify the types of computer users

Discuss various computer applications in society

Discuss various computer applications in society

Next

A World of Computers

What is computer literacy?

p. 2 - 3 Fig. 1-1 Next

Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses

Computers are everywhere

How is a computer defined?

What Is a Computer?

p. 3

Produces and stores results

Next

Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

Processes data into informationinformation

Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful

Accepts datadataRaw facts, figures, and symbols

Storage Communications

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers

p. 5

What are the advantages of using computers?

Speed Reliability

Next

Consistency

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers

p. 5

What are the disadvantages of using computers?

Next

Impact onLabor Force

Violation ofPrivacy

Health Risks

Public Safety

Impact onEnvironment

What Is a Computer?

What is the information processing cycle?

p. 4 - 5 Fig. 1-2 Next

Input Process Output Storage Communication

The Components of a Computer

What is an input device?

p. 6 Fig. 1-3

Hardware used to enter dataand instructions

Next

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Input Devices below Chapter 1


What is an output device?

p. 6 - 7 Fig. 1-3

Hardware that conveys information to one or morepeople

Next

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Output Devices below Chapter 1


What is the system unit?

p. 6 - 7 Fig. 1-3 Next

Case containingelectroniccomponents of the computer that are used to process data


What are two main components on the motherboard?

p. 7

ProcessorProcessorAlso called a Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer

Next

MemoryMemoryConsists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions


What is storage?

p. 7

Storage mediaStorage mediaPhysical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored

Storage mediaStorage mediaPhysical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored

Storage deviceStorage deviceRecords and retrieves items to and from a storage medium

Storage deviceStorage deviceRecords and retrieves items to and from a storage medium

Next

Holds data, instructions, and information for future use


What is storage media?

p. 7 Next

USB Flash Drives

Memory Cards DVDs

CDs

Hard Disks

Retrieves(reads)

items from storagemedia

Retrieves(reads)

items from storagemedia

Records (writes)items to storage

media

Records (writes)items to storage

media


What is a storage device?

p. 7 Next

Often functionas a source

of input

Often functionas a source

of input


What is a USB flash drive?

p. 7 Next

Portable storage device Small and lightweight enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocketThe average USB flash drivecan hold about 500 millioncharacters

Portable storage device Small and lightweight enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocketThe average USB flash drivecan hold about 500 millioncharacters


What is a hard disk?

p. 7 Fig. 1-4 Next

Provides greater storage capacity than a USB flash drive

Most are housed inside of the system unit


What is a compact disc?

p. 7 Fig. 1-5 Next

Flat, round, portable metal disc CD-ROM DVD-ROM


What is a communications device?

Nextp. 8

Hardware component that enables a computer to

send and receive data, instructions, and information

Hardware component that enables a computer to

send and receive data, instructions, and information

Occurs over cables, telephonelines, cellular radio networks,

satellites, and other transmission media

Occurs over cables, telephonelines, cellular radio networks,

satellites, and other transmission media

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Communications Devices below Chapter 1

Used to shareUsed to share

Networks and the Internet

A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together

p. 8

ResourcesResources

Hardware devices

Hardware devices

Software programs

Software programs

DataData To save time and

money

To save time and

money

InformationInformation

Next


What is the Internet?

p. 8 Fig. 1-6 Next

Worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Internetbelow Chapter 1


p. 9 Fig. 1-7

Why do users access the Internet?

2. Information

3. Shopping

4. Banking and Investing

5. Classes

6. Entertainment

Next

1. Communications

7. Download Music

8. Share Information


What is the Web?

p. 10

A Web site is a collection of

related Web pages

A Web site is a collection of

related Web pages

A Web page contains text, graphics, audio, video, and links to other Web pages

A Web page contains text, graphics, audio, video, and links to other Web pages

You can share information on a socialnetworking Web site

You can share information on a socialnetworking Web site

Next

Billions of documents, called Web pages, available to anyone connected to the Internet

A blog consists of time-stamped articles in

a journal format

A blog consists of time-stamped articles in

a journal format

A podcast is recorded audio

stored on a Web sitethat can be

downloaded

A podcast is recorded audio

stored on a Web sitethat can be

downloaded

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Social Networking Web Site below Chapter 1

Consists of a seriesof instructions thattells the computer

what to do andhow to do it

Consists of a seriesof instructions thattells the computer

what to do andhow to do it

Computer Software

What is software?

p. 10 Next

Also called aprogram

Also called aprogram

Computer Software

What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?

p. 10 Fig. 1-8 Next

Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and visual images such as icons

Controls how you enter data and instructions and how the screen displays information

Computer Software

What is system software?

p. 10 - 11

Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices

Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices

Utility ProgramsUtility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs

Utility ProgramsUtility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs

Next

Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices

Computer Software

Video: Try a Free Operating System

Next

CLICK TO START

Computer Software

What is application software?

p. 11 Fig. 1-9 Next

Presentation Graphics

Spreadsheet

Database

Word Processing

Programs designed to make users more productive

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Application Software below Chapter 1

Computer Software

How do you install and run programs?

p. 12 Fig. 1-10 Next

Step 1: INSTALLWhen you insert a greeting card program discin the CD drive for the first time, the computerbegins the procedure of installing the greetingcard program on the hard disk.

Step 2: RUNOnce installed, you can instruct the computer to run the greeting card program. The computer transfers instructions from the hard disk to memory.

Step 3: USEThe greeting card program executes. Using this program, you can create custom greeting cards.

Computer Software

What is a programmer?


Someone who developsapplication or system software Programmer writes

the instructions todirect the computer toprocess data intoinformation

Categories of Computers

p. 13 Next

What are the categories of computers?Personal Computers

(desktop)

Mobile Computers andMobile Devices

Game Consoles

Servers

Mainframes

Supercomputers

Embedded Computers

Personal Computers

What are the two most popular series of personal computers?

p. 14 Figs. 1-13–1-14 Next

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Personal Computers below Chapter 1

Apple Macintosh usually uses the Macintosh operating system (Mac OS X)

PC and compatibles use the Windows operating system

Personal Computers

What is a desktop computer?


Designed so all of the components fit on or under a desk or table

Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat is a notebook computer?

p. 14 - 15 Fig. 1-15 Next

Portable, small enough to fit on your lap

Also called a laptop computer Generally more expensive

than desktop computers with equal capabilities

Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat is a Tablet PC?


Especially useful for taking notes

Resembles a letter-sized slate Allows you to write on the screen using a digital pen

Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat is a handheld computer?

p. 15 Next

Sometimes referred to Sometimes referred to as an as an ultra-personal ultra-personal

computer (uPC)computer (uPC), or an , or an Ultra-Mobile PC Ultra-Mobile PC

(UMPC)(UMPC), or a , or a handtop handtop computercomputer

Small Small enough to fit enough to fit

in one in one handhand

Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat is a personal digital assistant (PDA)?


Provides personal organizer functions Calendar Appointment book Address book Calculator Notepad

Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat are smart phones?

p. 16 Figs. 1-18 Next

A smart phone isan Internet-enabled

telephone that usuallyprovides PDA capabilities

Game Consoles

What are game consoles?


Mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games

Servers

What types of servers are there?

p. 16 - 17 Figs. 1-20–1-22

Mainframe Very powerful, expensive computer that supports thousands of connected users

Supercomputer The fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer. Used for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations

Next

A server controls access to network resources and provides centralized storage

Embedded Computers

What is an embedded computer? A special-purpose computer that functions as a

component in a larger product

p. 17 - 18 Fig. 1-23 Next

Examples of Computer Usage

What software is available for a home user? Personal Finance Management Web access Communications Entertainment

p. 18 - 19 Fig. 1-24 Next


p. 20 Fig. 1-25

Productivity software

Specialty software

Web usage E-mail

Next

What software is available for a small office/home office (SOHO) user?

Hardware Notebook computers Tablet PCs Internet-enabled PDAs Smart phone


What is available for a mobile user?

p. 20 - 21 Fig. 1-26

Software Word processing Spreadsheet Presentation graphics

software

Next


What are the needs of a power user?


Extremely fast processors Types of power users

Engineers Scientists Architects Desktop publishers Graphic artists


What are the needs of the large business user?

p. 21 - 22 Figs. 1-28–1-29 Next

Payroll Inventory E-commerce Desktop publishing

Computer Applications in SocietyWhat are some examples of computer applications in society?

p. 22-25 Figs. 1-30–1-37 Next

Education Finance Government Health Care Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing

Summary of Introduction to Computers

The computer and its componentsThe computer and its components

What is a network?What is a network?

The InternetThe Internet

Types of softwareTypes of software

Categories of computersCategories of computers

Types of computer usersTypes of computer users

Computer applications in societyComputer applications in society

Chapter 1 Complete

Discovering Computers 2008 Fundamentals Fourth Edition Discovering Computers 2008 Fundamentals...

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