DISCOURSE POWER AND ANALYSIS Broadly speaking, inculcation is the mechanism of power-holders who...
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Transcript of DISCOURSE POWER AND ANALYSIS Broadly speaking, inculcation is the mechanism of power-holders who...
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DISCOURSE POWER AND ANALYSIS
Broadly speaking, inculcation is the mechanism of power-holders who wish to preserve their power, while communication is the mechanism of
emancipation and the struggle against domination (Fairclough 2003: 63).
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Construction of language
• Non-arbitrary
• Determined by social conditions
• particular environments,
• institutions
• and society as a whole
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Social conditions determine:
• properties of discourse (the parts that constitute it)
• and types of discourse (valuable and less-valuable discourses)
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Discourse connected to the whole of society implies that:
• 1. Language is part of society and not something external to it
• 2. That language is a social process: interconnected, regulated
• 3. Language is a socially conditioned processes: conditioned (by other non-linguistic)parts of society
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Text and discourse
• Text: (a product of the process of text production) the product of social interaction, utterance
• Discourse: the whole process of social interaction including text
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The conditioning of discoursive language
• MR (members’ resources)
• Cognitive but dependent on social relations
• Internalized and naturalized
• MR part of the individual’s psyche
• Resources for life
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Social conditions and levels of social organization
• 1. Social situation: the immediate social environment in which the discourse occurs
• 2. Social institution; wider contexts
• 3. Society as a whole: Structures of capitalist society
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Why is it important to see language as discourse and
discourse as a social practice?
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Because looking at this relationship:
• Forces as to be critical thinkers
• Understand our position in the world
• Understand social structures
• Understand the non neutrality of discourses
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What is cultural capital?
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What do we mean by the notion that discourse is a product of
social structures and the producer of social structures?
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Economic and cultural capital
• Unequally distributed in society (literacy, professions, some knowledges)
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Discourses carry particular knowledges and power
• Institutional system
• Reproducers of structures of power
• Limited access
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Can we regard access to social and economic capital as purely
an individual achievement?
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Do people resist power relation and discourse?
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Constraints on less powerful participants
• Constraints on contents
• Constraints on relations
• Constraints on subjects
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Discussion
• Describe an institutional or social situation in which you were expected to speak, and behave in a particular way? How is this situation a product of social conditions? How does the situation facilitate access or non-access to cultural capital?
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