Disaster Preparedness: Influenza What every school administrator should know
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Transcript of Disaster Preparedness: Influenza What every school administrator should know
Disaster Preparedness: Influenza What every school administrator should knowJonathan Schultz, Ph. D. StudentWalden UniversityPUBH 8165-01Dr. Howard RubinFall Quarter, 2010
Outline• Understand the significance of influenza• Different strains of the Influenza virus• Epidemic Influenza• The signs and symptoms associated with
Influenza• How Influenza is spread• Preparations that can be put into place now
in order to prevent a dangerous environment later.
Influenza: A “common” virus with a potentially dangerous undertone
• Influenza is well known and generally not perceived to be a risk.
• Complacency can be costly
• Prevention is key
• Flu Pandemic of 1918– 40-65 million
deaths– Claimed more lives
than the Holocaust, World War II, the Gulf War, the Vietnam War, September 11, 2001, and the Iraq/Afghanistan wars all combinedOracle Think Quest (n.d.). The cost of the Holocaust. Retrieved November 1, 2010 from http://www.library.thinkquest.org
Oxford University (n.d.). War Chronicles. Retrieved November 1, 2010 from http://www.warchronicles.com/numbers/wwii/deaths.htm
World Health Organization (2010a). Ten Concerns if avian influenza becomes a pandemic. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/
Influenza: The Basics• Influenza is a virus• Cannot be treated
with antibiotics• There are two main
strains of the influenza virus
• These strains differ in levels of intensity and lethality
Hall, C. (2001). Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. New England Journal of Medicine 344, 1917-1928.
Centers for Disease Control (2005). Influenza Viruses. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/flu-viruses.htm
Influenza A vs. Influenza B
Influenza A and Influenza B
Influenza A Influenza B
Medicine World (n.d.). How influenza virus evades the body’s immune response. Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://medicineworld.org/stories/lead/5-2009/evade-the-bodys-immune-response.html
WhyDoes (2009). Why does seine flu kill. Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://www.whydoes.org/
Influenza B• Only found in
humans• Can be spread from
human to human• Less severe than
Influenza A
• Important to note. While Influenza B still holds the ability to cause an epidemic, it has never caused a pandemic.
Centers for Disease Control (2005). Influenza Viruses. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/flu-viruses.htm
Influenza A
Phil, S. (2009). Are you afraid of the piglet flu? Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://flavorwire.com/46777/are-you-afraid-of-getting-piglet-flu#more-46777
Centers for Disease Control (2006). Transmission of Influenza A Viruses between Animals and People. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/transmission.htm
Influenza A Continued• Starts in animals• Potential to be severe• Most lethal form of Influenza• Responsible for epidemics as well as
pandemics• Can beat the human immune system
through rapid mutation
Centers for Disease Control (2010). How the flu virus can change: “Drift” and “Shift.” Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/change.htm
Centers for Disease Control (2006). Transmission of Influenza A Viruses between Animals and People. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/transmission.htm
Pandemic Flu
Spanish Influenza 1918• Deadliest event in human
history• 40-65 million deaths• Circled globe in 13
months
Asian Influenza 1957 and Hong Kong influenza 1968• Less severe than 1918
pandemic• 2 million deaths in 1957 • 1 million deaths in 1968
World Health Organization (2010a). Ten Concerns if avian influenza becomes a pandemic. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/
On the brink of another pandemic• World Health Organization “concerned” with
new information.• Avian flu H5N1• Most lethal avian flu on record• Began to jump from birds to humans
World Health Organization (2010a). Ten Concerns if avian influenza becomes a pandemic. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/
World Health Organization (2010b). Avian Influenza – Situation in Indonesia – Update 4. Retrieved October 19, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_10_18/en/index.html
Steps that you, the School Administrator can takePrevention is best!
Signs and Symptoms
Signs and symptoms• Fever• Muscle aches• Headache• Lack of energy• Dry cough• Sore throat• Vomiting and diarrhea in
more severe cases
Centers for Disease Control (2010b). Influenza Symptoms and Laboratory Diagnostic Procedures. Retrieved October 18, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/labprocedures.htm
Centers for Disease Control (2010c). How Flu Spreads. Retrieved October 10, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm
Centers for Disease Control (2010c). How Flu Spreads. Retrieved October 10, 2010 fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm
Transmission of Influenza• Coughing• Sneezing• Contact with
infected surface
http://intlxpatr.wordpress.com/2007/11/12/
http://ladyviral.blogspot.com/2010/08/weekend-coming-near.html
Centers for Disease Control (2010). Influenza Symptoms and Laboratory Diagnostic Procedures. Retrieved October 18, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/labprocedures.htm
Centers for Disease Control (2010c). How Flu Spreads. Retrieved October 10, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm
Here is where you come into play• Promote that your
students, faculty, and staff get vaccinated against influenza
• Best form of protection
• You can’t get sick from the flu SHOT
• Flyer answering FAQs on the flu vaccine
• National Influenza Vaccination Week flyer
Centers for Disease Control (2010d). Vaccine Information Statements. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/vis/default.htm#flu
Flu.gov (2010). Know what to do about the flu: Vaccination. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/vaccination/index.html#TheSeasonalFluVaccine
World Health Organization (2010c). Influenza Vaccine Update. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/Avian_Flu_influenza_vaccine_development.pdf
Host a School Located Vaccination Program
• Great opportunity sponsored by CDC with benefits to you including:– Mass vaccination– Ensure greater numbers of students receive
vaccination• In addition, CDC provides:
– Template Letters Seeking Advanced Consent for Vaccination
– Template to Alert Parents to Upcoming Planned Clinics
– Template Consent Form for Use With Intramuscular, Injectable Formulation of Vaccine
Centers for Disease Control (2010e). School-Located Vaccination Program Planning Materials. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/school/school_located_vac.htm
Encourage Prevention• Cover mouth AND
nose with a tissue or elbow, not hands
• Wash hand with soap and hot water– Antibacterial soap if
water is not available
• Avoid putting hands in mouth and nose as this can transmit the virus.
Centers for Disease Control (2010f). Everyday Preventive Actions That Can Help Fighe Germs, Like Flu. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/pdf/freeresources/family/everyday_preventive.pdf http://kerjasampinganaja.blogsome.com
Disinfect, Disinfect, Disinfect!!!• The flu virus can
live 2-8 hours outside of a human host.
• Proper disinfection techniques can help keep living viruses off of surfaces.
• CDCs Disinfection Recipe– Add 1 tablespoon of
bleach to 1 quart (4 cups) of water. For a larger supply of disinfectant, add ¼ cup of bleach to 1 gallon (16 cups) of water.
– Apply the solution to the surface with a cloth.
– Let it stand for 3 to 5 minutes.
– Rinse the surface with clean water.
Centers for Disease Control (2010f). Everyday Preventive Actions That Can Help Fight Germs, Like Flu. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/pdf/freeresources/family/everyday_preventive.pdf
Conclusion
Resources• School-Located Vaccination Information and Materials
– This website contains all of the information needed to set up a School-located Vaccination clinic
• The Flu: A Guide for Parents – This PDF file contains answers to many of the questions that parents might ask with
regards to the last flu season, and your preparedness for this upcoming one.• The following links will take you to pre-made posters for educators
from the Centers for Disease Control– COVER YOUR COUGH– Communication Toolkit for Schools (Grades K-12)
• Take the Flu IQ quiz and test your knowledge about the Influenza Virus– Flu IQ
• The following website gives weekly updates on flu activity throughout the country– http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/fluactivity.htm
References• Centers for Disease Control (2005). Influenza Viruses.
Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/flu-viruses.htm
• Centers for Disease Control (2006). Transmission of Influenza A Viruses between Animals and People. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/transmission.htm
• Centers for Disease Control (2010). How the flu virus can change: “Drift” and “Shift.” Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/change.htm
• Centers for Disease Control (2010b). Influenza Symptoms and Laboratory Diagnostic Procedures. Retrieved October 18, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/labprocedures.htm
• Centers for Disease Control (2010c). How Flu Spreads. Retrieved October 10, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm
References• Centers for Disease Control (2010d). Vaccine Information
Statements. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/vis/default.htm#flu
• Centers for Disease Control (2010e). School-Located Vaccination Program Planning Materials. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/school/school_located_vac.htm
• Centers for Disease Control (2010f). Everyday Preventive Actions That Can Help Fighe Germs, Like Flu. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/pdf/freeresources/family/everyday_preventive.pdf
• Flu.gov (2010). Know what to do about the flu: Vaccination. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/vaccinationindex.html#TheSeasonalFluVaccine
• Hall, C. (2001). Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. New England Journal of Medicine 344, 1917-1928.
References• Medicine World (n.d.). How influenza virus evades the body’s immune
response. Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://medicineworld.org/stories/lead/5-2009/evade-the-bodys-immune-response.html
• Phil, S. (2009). Are you afraid of the piglet flu? Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://flavorwire.com/46777/are-you-afraid-of-getting-piglet-flu#more-46777
• WhyDoes (2009). Why does seine flu kill. Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://www.whydoes.org/
• World Health Organization (2010a). Ten Concerns if avian influenza becomes a pandemic. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/
• World Health Organization (2010b). Avian Influenza – Situation in Indonesia – Update 4. Retrieved October 19, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_10_18/en/index.html
• World Health Organization (2010c). Influenza Vaccine Update. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/Avian_Flu_influenza_vaccine_development.pdf