Disaster Management-Unit-II

8/7/2019 Disaster Management-Unit-II

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Disaster Management


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Introduction:

Introduction For as far back as can be remembered, India has been threatened

by a plethora of natural disasters, and more recently technological. Having an

efficient and effective emergency management system in place is crucial to the

development, safety, and wellbeing of every country. With a total population of

just under 1.2 billion people, having an effective disaster management system

in place is vital to avoiding significant losses in life and property in the event

that a disaster should occur.

Indias lack of information and communication channels has been a serious

problem in Indias development.

Vulnerabilities:

54% Indian land is vulnerable to earthquakes

28% is vulnerable to droughts

12% is vulnerable to floods

8 % is vulnerable to cyclones This is not including man-made hazards.


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Meaning

Disaster- disaster (noun) An occurrence causing widespread

destruction & distress; A catastrophe. A grave misfortune. A

total failure


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Disaster Management

Disaster A serious disruption of human or natural material.

Management Management is the task of planning, coordinating,

motivating, and controlling the efforts of others towards specific

objectives. -- James L. Lundy.

Disaster Management : A planned approach for prevention of disaster,preparedness and response to disaster and recovery following disaster.


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D I S A S T E R PARADIGM

D: Detection

I: Incident Command

S: Safety & Security

A: Assess Hazards

S: Support

T: Triage & Treatment

E: Evacuation

R: Reallocation & Redeployment


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Mortality due to natural hazards 1990 - 2000

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Average annual impacts from natural hazards

Mortality: 3600

Crop area: 1.42 million hectares

Property (houses): 2.36 million dwellings

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Exposure to natural hazards

40 million hectares flood prone (5% of area)

54% area exposed to seismic activity

East coast ofIndia and Gujarat (West coast) exposed tocyclone risk

A preliminary assessment of exposure to major hazardcategories has been done in 1996-1998 (as a part ofIDNDR) by the Building Materials TechnologyPromotion Council of the Ministry of Urban

Development. Check:http://www.bmtpc.org/disaster.htm

Trying to put this information in a GIS format

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Anand Patwardhan, IIT-Bombay 9


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Disaster Management

Climate hazards within overall context of disastermanagement

Statutory responsibility of state governments

Central government provides logistic and financialsupport

Elaborate response mechanism at national level

State level responses vary

National coordinating body: National Disaster

Management Cell (NDMC), Department of Agricultureand Co-operation, Ministry of Agriculture(http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/)

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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA : NODAL MINISTRIES / DEPARTMENT FOR

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

DISASTERS NODAL MINISTRIES

Natural Disasters AgricultureAir Accidents Civil Aviation

Civil Strife Home Affairs

Railway Accidents Railways

Chemical Disasters Environment

Biological Disasters Health & family Welfare

Nuclear Accident Atomic Energy


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National response mechanism



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MANAGEMENT MECHANISM


* Integrated Administrative Machinery

* National Contingency Action Plan -

identify initiatives by various agencies

* Department of Agriculture &

Cooperation - the Nodal Department

* Central Relief Commissioner - Chief

Nodal Officer at National level* State/District Contingency Plans and

Relief Manuals


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Natural Disaster Response-

Government ofIndia

National Crisis Management Committee(NCMC) under

Cabinet Secretary

Crisis Management Group(CMG) under Central Relief

Commissioner Group of Ministers, Group of Secretaries and High

Level Committees-Need base

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GOI Departments for Disaster Response

Armed Forces-Ministry of Defence

Central Para Military Forces- Ministry of Home Affairs International Response- Ministry of External Affairs

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GOI Departments for Disaster Response

Ministries/Departments:

Rural Development, Drinking Water Supply Power, Telecom

, Health, Urban DevelopmentFood & Public Distribution, Shipping

Surface Transport, Railways, Civil Aviation

Women & Child Development

Water Resources, Animal HusbandryIndia Meteorological Department(IMD)

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DISASTER MANAGEMENT POLICY- SALIENT FEATURES

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*Recognition of linkages between natural disasters and

development

*Connecting of specific programmes like DPAP, DDP,National Watershed Development Project for Rain fed Areas

(NWDPRA) and Wasteland Development Programme for

managing natural disasters

*Emphasis on forecasting and warning using advanced

technology


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CENTRAL SECTOR SCHEME FOR DISASTER

MANAGEMENT - SALIENT FEATURES


*Human resource Development

*Setting up of National Centre for Disaster

Management (NCDM)

*Setting up of Disaster Management Faculties in States

* Programmes for Community Participation

and Public Awareness

* Observing National Disaster Reduction Day

* Activities to achieve the goals and objectives ofIDNDR/International Strategy for Disaster Reduction


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External Assistance -Policy

No formal appeal for external assistance made for relief

External assistance,if offered as solidarity accepted withgratitude

Gujarat earthquake- international responseoverwhelming

Bi-lateral agreements suggested by some countries foremergency response

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DISASTER RESPONSE ARRANGEMENTS IN THE

STATES

STATE CABINET

STATES CRISIS MANAGEMENT GROUP: HEADEDBY CHIEF SECRETARY.

INSTITUTION OF RELIEF COMMISSIONERS IN

STATES

STATES/DISTR

ICTS C

ONT

ING

ENCY PLAN S /RELIEF CODES.

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Disaster and Development


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Disaster v/sDevelopment


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Types of Disaster

Man Made

Terrorist activity.

Kidnapping. Ragging.

Fights.

Riots.

Fire.

Building collapse.

Accidents.

Health problems

Natural

Fire/ Volcanoes

Earthquake.

Flood. Heavy Rain.

Viral attack.

Tsunami

Cyclone


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Disaster Management is a continuous process

In

Disaster

PostDisaster

Pre

Disaster


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PRE DISASTER

Prevention.

Risk assessment.

Possibilities. Risk Assessment Factors Geographical. Social. Physical.

Human.

Geographical Factors Climate, Landform, Soil, Vegetation,

Animal life etc. Social Factors Race, Religion, Caste, Education, Political,

Tourism, Traffic, Industry

Disaster Management-Unit-II

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