BRINGING MEDICATION IS IMPORTANT METHODS

• Chronic diseases are an increasing burden all over the world.

• After an extreme event, interruption of care may cause: • Exacerbation of chronic conditions

• Acute secondary conditions

• Withdrawal syndrome

• Bringing medication at the time of evacuation is a simple and

effective way to reduce emergency-related health risks.

Databases

Medline, Embase, PsycINFO,

Maternity and Infant Care, HMIC

Inclusion criteria

i. Evacuees’ action of bringing prescription

medications with them

ii. Burden of prescription refills on relief

activities after disasters

iii. Disruption of medications due to

medication loss

RESULTS

• Have a personal stockpile (1week-1month)

• Carry the personal stockpile at all times

• Make an emergency pack

• Pack full range of medications and medical device

RECOMMENDATIONS

Every community member has a role to prevent

medication losses.

CONCLUSIONS

Bringing medication is the key to:

• Continuity of care

• Emergency risk reduction for health

Preparedness actions include:

• Having a stockpile

• Making an emergency kit

• List of a full range of items

• Periodical review of emergency plans

All the stakeholders should be involved

Further research should:

• Assess health impact of medication

loss

• Evaluate programs for preparedness

• Identify vulnerable population

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We thank Ms Sheila O’Malley, Public Health

England, for establishing search strategy.

KEY READINGS

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Routine medications Needles, gluco-metres Device for specific care

Nebulizer machines CPAP machines Oxygen cylinders

Device for daily life Glasses Hearing aids Canes

Dentures Sanitary products Over-the-counter drugs

Painkillers Anti-histamine agents

Disaster-driven evacuation and medication:

A systematic literature review Sae Ochi,1 Susan Hodgson,1 Owen Landeg,2 Lidia Mayner,3 Virginia Murray 2

1.MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London

2.Department of Extreme Event and Health Protection

3.Flinders University Disaster Research Centre

• Severe damage to hospitals

• Disruption of infrastructure

• High prevalence of chronic disease due to

rapidly ageing population

Many “drug refugees”

Damaged hospitals Prescription needs Lost transportation

Problems

• Many people (-48%) arrive at shelters without medication

• Medication refill is an immediate health need

• Prescription is an increasing burden of medical relief

activities (-28%)

• Preparedness is not fully achieved (53-90%)

• There are risk groups who are likely to lose their

medications (e.g. marginalised people)

Solutions

Medication loss easily cause

health deterioration at shelters.

Health Professionals

Policy makers Researchers

Patients

Bring medication

Education

Individualised emergency plan

Medication lists & stockpile

Community emergency plan

Insurance system Evidence

CASE STUDY : 2011 JAPAN EARTHQUAKE

Many people evacuate without

medications

‘Medications’ are not only ‘pills’.

1. WHO. Noncommunicable Diseases: fact sheet

. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs

355/en/

2. WHO. Disaster Risk Management for Health F

act Sheet: Noncommunicable Diseases. http://

www.who.int/hac/events/drm_fact_sheet_non_

communicable_diseases.pdf

3. Ochi S, Murray V, Hodgson S. The Great East

Japan Earthquake Disaster: a Compilation of

Published Literature on Health Needs and

Relief Activities, March 2011-September 2012.

PLOS Currents Disasters. May 13, 2013.

4. Household preparedness for public health

emergencies--14 states, 2006-2010. MMWR

2012;61:713-9

5. East Japan Earthquake Picture Project.

http://notice.yahoo.co.jp/emg/en/archives/info0

426.html

Records identified (n = 3730)

Sc

ree

nin

g

Inclu

ded

Iden

tifi

ca

tio

n

Abstracts screened (n = 811)

Excluded (n = 513)

Full-text assessed (n =298)

Excluded (n = 246)

Studies included (n = 52)

Excluded by title (n = 2919)