D I O X I N 2 0 0 3

THIS VOLUME WAS SPONSORED BY A GENEROUS GRANT FROM THE

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NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES

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The Superfund Basic Research Program of the U.S. National Institute of EnvironmentalHealth Sciences (NIEHS) is focused on acquiring new scientific and engineeringknowledge that advances both society's understanding of the human and ecologicalrisks from hazardous substances and the development of new environmentaltechnologies for the cleanup of Superfund sites. For more information please visit:http://www-apps.niehs.nih.gov/sbrp/index.cfm

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SUMMARY OF CONTENTS

Volume 61

Section

1 Brominated Flame Retardants 1

2 POPs in the Arctic and Antarctic 291

3 Environmental Transport and Fate 337

4 Atmospheric Transport and Fate/Levels in Air 409

Authors Index 531

TABLE OF CONTENTSVOLUME 61

SECTION 1 - BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS

RETROSPECTIVE TIME TREND STUDY OF BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS ANDPOLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN HUMAN SERUM FROM VARIOUS REGIONS OF THE UNITEDSTATES, 1985 - 2002Andreas Siodin, Richard S. Jones, Chester Lapeza, Jean-Francois Focant, Richard Wang, Wayman E. Turner, 1Larry L. Needham, Donald G. Patterson Jr.

POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN MATERNAL AND FETAL BLOOD SAMPLESRonald Hites, Nathan Dodder, Anita Mazdai, Mary Pell Abernathy, Robert Bigsby -1

POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) AND SELECTED ORGANOCHLORINES IN HUMANBREAST MILK SAMPLES FROM THE UNITED KINGDOMOlsa I. Kalantzi. Ruth E. Alcock, Francis L. Martin, Gareth O. Thomas, Kevin C. Jones 9

CONGENER SPECIFIC MEASUREMENT OF POLYCHLORINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN 47INDIVIDUAL MILK SAMPLES FROM NURSING MOTHERS IN THE U.S.A.Arnold Schecter, Marian Pavuk, OlafPapke, Jake Ryan, Linda Birnbaum, Robin Rosen '^

A SUMMARY OF EXPOSURES TO POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) IN SWEDISHWORKERS, AND DETERMINATION OF HALF-LIVES OF PBDEsKristina Jakobsson, Kaj Thuresson, Peter Hoglund, Andreas Sjodin, Lars Hagmar, Ake Bergman ' '

DEBROMINATION OF DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER BY JUVENILE CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO)Heather M. Stapleton, Mehran Alaee, Joel E. Baker

CHROMATOGRAPHIC AND MASS SPECTROMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF METHOXYLATEDPOLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (MEO-PBDEs)Maria Athanasiadou, Goran Marsh, Ioannis Athanassiadis, Lillemor Asplund, Ake Bergman

POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS AND HYDROXYLATED AND METHOXYLATEDANALOGUES IN DETROIT RIVER FISHRobert Letcher, Ivy D'Sa, Karlis Valters, Hongxia Li, Erin Bennett, Mehran Alaee

HIGH PBDE LEVELS IN PISCIVOROUS SEABIRD EGGS FROM THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY ANDWASHINGTON STATEJianwen She, Arthur Holden, Manon Tanner, Terry Adelsbach, Steven Schwarzbach, Christopher W. Thompson, •"Mary Mahaffy, Myrto Petreas, Barton P. Simmons, Kim Hooper

GLOBAL POLLUTION MONITORING OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) USINGSKIPJACK TUNA AS A BIOINDICATORD. Ueno. N. Kajiwara, H. Tanaka, AM Subramanian, G. Fillman, H. Nakata, P.K.S. Lam, J. Zheng, M. Muchtar, 3 7

M. Prudente, S. Tanabe

HEXABROMOCYCLODODECANE (HBCD) DIASTEREOISOMERS AND BROMINATED DIPHENYLETHER CONGENER (BDE) RESIDUES IN EDIBLE FISH FROM THE RIVERS SKERNE AND TEES, U.K. ^ ]

Colin R Allchin, Steven Morris

A DEPTH PROFILE OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) AND POLYCHLORINATEDBIPHENYLS (PCBs) IN SEDIMENTS FROM LAKE MICHIGANJon B. Manchester-Neesvie. William C. Sonzogni, Julie L. Hahm 45

EVALUATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC INJECTION TECHNIQUES FOR PBDEsPetter Tollback, Jonas Bjorklund, Conny Ostman 49

COMPARED ANALYTICAL BEHAVIOR (SEPARATION AND MASS SPECTROMETRIC DETECTION)OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYLETHERS AND TETRABROMOBISPHENOL-ARonan Cariou, Jean-Philippe Antignac, Laurent Debrauwer, Daniel Zalko. Bruno Le Bizec, Francois Andre 53

INNOVATIVE APPROACH FOR THE ANALYSIS OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs)BY QUADRUPOLE ION-TRAP MASS SPECTROMETRYDavid Larrazabal. Maria Angeles Martinez, Begona Fabrellas 57

LEVELS AND ENANTIOMERIC SIGNATURES OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES (OCPs) ANDPOLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) IN MARINE ORGANISMS FROM ANTARCTICACorsolini, S.. Covaci, A., Ademollo, N., Focardi, S., Schepens, P. 61

CIRCUMPOLAR INVESTIGATION OF BROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS - CONNECTINGRESEARCH AND EDUCATIONEldbjorg Heimstad, Porte Herzke, Geir Endregard, Karl Hetland 65

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN TROUT FROMNORWEGIAN LAKESEspen Mariussen, EirikFjeld, Martin Strand-Andersen, Marianne Hjerpset, Martin Schlabach 69

TIME TRENDS AND FATE ANALYSIS OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) INSEDIMENT CORESShin-ichi Sakai, Yasuhiro Hirai, Haruki Tani, Hiroshi Takatsuki 73

CURRENT DEPOSITION AND HISTORICAL PROFILES OF DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER INSEDIMENT CORESDerek Muir. Camilla Teixeira, Maxim Chigak, Fan Yang, Ivy D 'Sa, Christina Cannon, Grazina Pacepavicius, 11Mehran Alaee

CO-EXPOSURE TO A POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER (PBDE 99) AND AN ORTHO-SUBSTITUTED PCB (PCB 52) ENHANCES DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXIC EFFECTSPer Eriksson. Ceilia Fischer, Anders Fredriksson 81

EFFECT OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYLETHER AND PCB ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEBRAIN-GONADAL AXIS AND GENE EXPRESSION IN RATSWalter Lichtensteieer. Raffaella Ceccatelli, Oliver Faass, Risheng Ma, Margret Schlwnpf 84

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE OVARIES OF ADULT OFFSPRING FOLLOWING A SINGLEMATERNAL EXPOSURE TO LOW-DOSE 2,2', 4,4', 5-PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHERChris Talsness. Mehdi Shakibaei, Sergio Kuriyama, Cristina de Souza, Ibrahim Chahoud 88

MATERNAL EXPOSURE TO LOW DOSE 2,2', 4,4', 5 PENTABROMO DIPHENYL ETHER (PBDE 99)IMPAIRS MALE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN ADULT RAT OFFSPRINGSereio Kurivama. Ibrahim Chahoud 92

MULTIVARIATE (QSAR) MODELLING OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS ACTIVITY INDIFFERENT SPECIES CELL LINES AND THEIR CAPACITY TO INDUCE CYP1A BY THE AHRECEPTOR MEDIATED PATHWAYMiriam N Jacobs, Guosheng Chen, Chris Luscombe, Nigel J Bunce 96

INDUCTION AND INHIBITION OF CYTOCHROME P450 1A1,1B1, AND ETHOXYRESORUFIN-O-DEETHYLATION ACTIVITY BY POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDE) IN MCF7 CELLSA.K. Peters. J.T. Sanderson, A. Bergman, M. van den Berg 100

EFFECTS OF BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS ON ACTIVITY OF THE STEROIDOGENICENZYME AROMATASE (CYP19) IN H295R HUMAN ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA CELLS INCULTURERocio F.Canton, Robert Letcher, Thomas Sanderson, Ake Bergman, Martin van den Berg 104

THE EFFECT OF THE BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANT TETRABROMOBISPHENOL-A ONHUMAN GRANULOCYTESTrine Reistad. Frode Fonnum. Espen Mariussen 107

BIOMAGNIFICATION OF a AND -y-HEXABROMOCYCLODODEC ANE CONGENERS IN A LAKEONTARIO FOOD WEBWes Budakowski, Thor Halldorson, Mike Whittle, Mike Keir, Gregg Tomy, Mehran Alaee 111

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METHOXY- AND HYDROXY- POLYBROMODIPHENYLETHERSVladimir A. Nikiforov, Vladimir S. Karavan, Sergei A. Miltsov 115

HISTORICAL TRENDS OF PBDD/Fs, PBDEs, PCDD/Fs AND DIOXIN-LIKE PCBs IN SEDIMENT CORESFROM TOKYO BAYJae-Won Choi, Susumu Fujimaki, Kimiyoshi Kitamura, Shunji Hashimoto, Hiroyasu Ito, Takeo Sakurai, Noriyuki 119Suzuki, Hiromitsu Nagasaka, Kiyoshi Tanabe, Shin-ichi Sakai, Masatoshi Morita

INCREASING CONCENTRATIONS OF DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (DecaBDE) IN SWISSSEWAGE SLUDGE SINCE 1993Martin Kohler, Markus Zennegg, Andreas C. Gerecke. Peter Schmid, Norbert Heeb 123

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL CHANGES OF BROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDES) AND OTHERPOPs IN HUMAN MILK FROM NUNAVIK (ARCTIC) AND SOUTHERN QUEBECDaria Pereg, John Jake Ryan, Pierre Ayotte, Gina Muckle, Benoit Patry, Eric Dewailly 127

DETERMINATION OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYLETHERS IN SAMPLES OF RAW COWS' MILK,FISH AND EGGSAngelika Tritscher, Richard Stadler, Francis Scanlan. Claudi Collingro, OlafPaepke 131

POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN LIVER AND MUSCLE TISSUE OF FRESHWATER FISHFROM GERMANYPeter Levom. Tatyana Karasyova, George Sawal 135

GC/MS ANALYSIS OF POLYBROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTSEberhardtKuhn, Jason Ellis, Harry Prest, Tom Trainor, Anke Gelbin 139

DETECTION OF A POSSIBLE TRIBROMODIBENZO-P-DIOXTN IN BLUE MUSSELS (MYTILUSEDULIS) FROM THE BALTIC SEAAnna Malmvam, Lena Kautsky, Soren Jensen, Ioannis Athanassiadis, Lillemor Asplund 143

LEVELS OF PBDE IN VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL MATRICES IN AUSTRIAWolfeane Moche. Klaudia Stephan 147

CONCENTRATION OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) IN HUMAN SAMPLES INJAPANESETetsuya Hirai. Yoshinori Fujimine, Syunkichi Watanabe, Junnichi Hata, Shaw Watanabe 151

DETECTION OF a-ISOMER DOMINATED HBCD (HEXABROMOCYCLODODECANE) IN SWISS FISHAT LEVELS COMPARABLE TO PBDES (POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS)Andreas Gerecke, Martin Kohler, Marcus Zennegg, Peter Schmid, Norbert Heeb 155

POLYBROMINATED -DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS (PBDDs), -DIBENZO FURANS (PBDFs), -BIPHENYLS(PBBs), AND -DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) IN COMMON CORMORANT (PHALACROCORAX CARBO)FROM JAPANKiyohiko Watanabe, Hiroaki Takemori, Masahiro Abe, Naomasa Iseki, ShigeM Masunaga, Etsumasa OhiL 159Takumi Takasuea. Masatoshi Morita

DETERMINATION OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT PBDE BY ISOTOPIC DILUTION IN ECNI-MSJonas Biorklund. Petler Tollhack, Conny Ostman 163

DETERMINATION OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) IN AUSTRALIAN PIG FATD.A. Burniston. R.K. Symons, M. Croft, M. Trout, W. Korth 167

TETRABROMOBISPHENOL-A AND PHENOLIC XENO-ESTROGENS LEVELS IN INDOOR AIRKoichi Inoue. Satomi Yoshida, Migaku Kawaguchi, Rie ho, Shinji Nakayama, Hiroyuki Nakazawa 171

LEVELS OF POLYCHLORINATED DIOXINS AND FURANS, DIOXIN-LIKE PCBs AND BROMINATEDDIPHENYL ETHERS IN BIOSOLIDS TREATED SLUDGET.M. Kolic. KA. MacPherson, E.J. Reiner, T. Ho 175

ANALYSIS OF 18 POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER CONGENERS IN FOODSTUFFS -EXTENSION OF AN EXTRACTION METHOD FOR PCDD/FS AND PCBs TO INCORPORATE PBDEsKvleD'Silva. Alwyn Fernandes, Shaun White, Martin Rose 179

THE PRESENCE OF A 'NEW' FLAME RETARDANT, DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHANE, INENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLESAmelie Kierkeeaard. Jonas Bjorklund 183

PBDEs IN HUMAN MILK FROM THE DUTCH 1998 MONITORING PROGRAMMEBert Baumann. Willie Hijman, Sjoerd van Beuzekom, Ronald Hoogerbrugge, Diane Houweling, Marco Zeilmake 187

A ONE-STEP SYNTHESIS OF ALL THREE NONA-BROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERSJ. Eriksson, Lars Eriksson, Goran Marsh, A. Bergman 191

IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RISE IN THYROID AND NEURODEVELOPMENTALHEALTH EFFECTS IN NORTH AMERICA AND THE RISE IN CONCENTRATIONS OF PBDES IN THEENVIRONMENT?Tom Muir 195

INTESTINAL DEBROMINATION OF BDE 99 AND BDE 183 BY THE COMMON CARP (CYPRINUSCARPIO)Heather M. Stavleton. Robert J. Letcher, Joel E. Baker 199

HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT FOR POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN BIOSOLIDSPaul Chrostowski. Sarah Foster 203

BROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER IN INDOOR DUSTWilhelm Knoth. Winifred Mann, Rita Meyer, Judith Nebhuth 207

ATSDR'S GUIDANCE VALUES FOR POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS (PBBs) ANDPOLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs)Hana R. Pohl. Stephen Bosch 211

EFFECTS OF BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS ON TRANSCRLPTIONAL ACTIVATIONMEDIATED BY THYROID HORMONE RECEPTORHaruva Sakai. Toshiko Yamada-Okabe, Yuji Kashima, Mitsuaki Matsui, Takashi Aono, Mitsuhiro Aoyagi, Jun 215Hasegawa

POLYURETHANE FOAM AS A SOURCE OF PBDEs TO THE ENVIRONMENTB.H. Wilford. GO. Thomas, R.E. Alcock,K.C. Jones 219

COMPARISON AND INTERPRETATION OF MASS SPECTRAL DATA OF POLYBROMINATEDDIPHENYL ETHER (PBDEs) CONGENERS AND POLYHALOGENATED BIPHENYL CONGENERSRussell Cooper. Richard Kozloski 223

ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR TRACE LEVELS OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs)Gam Sun 227

DETERMINATION OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS AND POLYBROMINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS/DIBENZOFURANS IN FLUE GAS ANALYSISJui-hwa Peng, Chean-veh Chen. Chin-wang Huang, Yuan-wu Chen 231

EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT OF DUTCH NURSING INFANTS TO BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTSVIA NURSING MILKR. de Winter-Sorkina, M.I. Bakker, R.A. Baumann, R. Hoogerbrugge, M.J. Zeilmaker 235

EVALUATION OF THE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC COLUMN SYSTEM FOR THE DETERMINATIONOF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERSJonas Biorklund. Petter Tollback, Conny Ostman 239

ANALYTICAL METHOD OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) IN SOIL AND AIRSAMPLESSun Kyotine Shin, TaeSeungKim 243

BIOACCUMULATION OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN FISH FROM THE NORWEGIANLAKE MJ0SAEspen Mariussen, Eirik Fjeld, Martin Strand-Andersen, Marianne Hjerpset, Martin Schlabach 247

EXPOSURE OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN IN THE U.S. TO THE FLAME RETARDANTDECABROMODIPHENYL OXIDE (DBDPO)Sean Hays. Colleen Cashing, David Pyatt, Kelley Holicky, Dennis Paustenbach 251

PBDEs IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA: MEASUREMENTS IN FISHArthur Holden, Jianwen She, Manon Tanner, Sonya Lunder, Renee Sharp, Kim Hooper 255

EMISSIONS OF TETRABROMOBISPHENOL-A FROM COMPUTER MONITORSThomas Herrmann, Michael Ball, Klaus Rothenbacher, Martin Wesselmann 259

LEVELS OF SELECTED PBDEs AND PCBs IN BELGIAN HUMAN MILKCatherine Pirard, Edwin De Pauw, Jean-Francois Focant 263

SYNTHESIS OF CARBON-13 (13C12) AND DEUTERATED (D18) GAMMA-HEXABROMOCYCLODODECANE AND THEIR USE AS SURROGATE STANDARDS IN LC/MS ANDGC/MS ANALYSISGilles Arsenault. Brock Chittim, Thor Hattdorson, Alex Konstantinov, Alan McAlees, Robert McCrindle, Gregg 267Tomy, Brian Yeo

DOWN-REGULATION OF INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE EXPRESSION BY BISPHENOL-AHye Gwang Jeong, HoJinYou 271

HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE COMMERCIAL PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER PRODUCTIN THE UNITED STATESRichard Warning. Andrea Von Burg, Scott Braithwaite, Tessa Serex, Robert Campbell, Annette Shipp, Greg 275Lawrence

POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (PBDEs) IN MARINE FISH SPECIES OF THE BELGIANNORTH SEA AND THE WESTERN SCHELDT ESTUARY: LEVELS, PROFILES, AND DISTRIBUTIONStefan Voorsvoels. Adrian Covad, Paul Schepens 279

HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE COMMERCIAL OCTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER PRODUCT INTHE UNITED STATESRichard Wennimr. Andrea Von Burg, Scott Braithwaite, Tessa Serex, Robert Campbell, Annette Shipp, Greg 283Lawrence

PBDE LEVELS IN ITALIAN NULLIPAROUS WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGEElena De Felip, Olaf Papke, Anna Maria Ineelido, Thomas Hermann, Massimo Cardelli, Maria Grazia Porpora, 287Alessandro di Domenico

SECTION 2 - POPs IN THE ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC

LEVELS AND TRENDS OF PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN THE ARCTIC ENVIRONMENTDerek C.G. Muir. Cynthia A. de Wit, Aaron T. Fisk 291

NEW PERSISTENT CHEMICALS IN THE ARCTIC ABIOTIC ENVIRONMENTT.F. Bidleman. M. Alaee, D.C.G. Muir, C. Cannon, P.A. Helm, G.A. Stem, T. Harner, Liisa Jantunen, Henrik 295Kylin

POLAR BEAR CASE STUDYJanneche Uttte Skaare. Hans Jorgen Larson, Elisabeth Lie, Aksel Bernhqft, Andrew Derocher, Ross Norstrom, 299NickLunn, ErikRopstad, Oystein Wiig

HUMAN EXPOSURE TO PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN THE ARCTICJens C. Hansen 303

POP EXPOSURE AMONG NATIVE PEOPLE OF UELEN, CHUKOTKA, RUSSIATorkiel M. Sandanper. Jon Oyvind Odland, Alexey A. Doudarev, Georgy I. Mirelsky, Valery Chaschin, Ivan C. 306Burkow, Eiliv Lund, Pierre Dumas

SUMMARY OF EFFECTS OF PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPs) IN ARCTIC WILDLIFECvnthiaA.de Wit. Aaron T. Fisk, Karen E. Hobbs, Derek C.G. Muir 309

NEUROCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF GESTATIONAL AND LACTATIONAL EXPOSURE TO A MIXTUREOF PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS AND MERCURY BASED ON BLOOD PROFILES OF ARCTICPOPULATIONSJ.S. Nakai. W.J. Bowers, M. Wade, D. Moir, O. Pulido, S. Gill, R. Mueller, I. Chu 313

DIOXINS AND FURANS IN CANADIAN ARCTIC SEABIRDSBirsit Braune. Mary Simon 317

PCDD/Fs IN ARCTIC MARINE AND FRESHWATER BIOTIC MEDIAZarema Amirova. Edward Kruglov, Elena Loshkina, Radic Khalilov 321

AN OVERVIEW OF ATMOSPHERIC ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES (OC) UNDER THE CANADIANARCTIC NETWORKH. H. N. Hung, P. Blanchard. H. Li, P. Fellin, B. Rosenberg, S. Friesen, G. Stern, L. A. Barrie 325

PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN SELECTED ORGANISMS OF AN ANTARCTIC BENTHICCOMMUNITYCorsoliniS.. Ademollo N., Focardi S. 329

PCDD/Fs, PBDEs IN ARCTIC BIRDS AND TERRESTRIAL ANIMALSZarema Amirova. Sergey Melnikov, Edward Kruglov, Sergey Vlasov 333

SECTION 3 - ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT AND FATE

DISTRIBUTION OF PARTICLE-BOUND POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS ANDDIBENZOFURANS IN AMBIENT AIR AROUND MUNICIPAL WASTE INCINERATOR IN TAINAN,TAIWANPo-Chin Huans, Ching-Chang Lee 337

SEDIMENT-WATER PARTITIONING OF PCBs IN TRIBUTARIES OF NEWARK AND RARITAN BAYS,NEW JERSEY, USAJennifer Bonin. Timothy Wilson 341

TRANSPORTATION OF PCDD/FS AND DIOXIN-LIKE PCBs BY RIVERS INTO TOKYO BAY, JAPANNorihiro Kobavashi, Shigeki Masunaga, Yutaka Kameda, Yoshimichi Hanai, Junko Nakanishi 345

POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL EITHER (PBDE), DIOXIN AND FURAN (PCDD/F) CONCENTRATIONSIN ORGANIC WINDOW FILMS FROM SOUTHERN ONTARIOCraig Butt, Jennifer Truong, Miriam Diamond. Michael Ikonomou 349

PCDDs/Fs CONTAMINATION OF THE SURROUNDINGS OF SPOLANA NERATOVTCE BEFORE ANDAFTER FLOODS 2002Ivan Holoubek, Pavel Cupr, LiborJech, Tomds Ocelka, Vladimir Kuzilek, Radim Vacha, Michal Skarek, Jiri 353Matousek, Anton Kocan

OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE AS GLOBAL SINKS OF PCDD/FSRainer Lohmann, Elena Jurado, Jordi Dachs, Kevin Jones 357

SOURCE IDENTIFICATION OF PCDD/FS AND DIOXIN-LIKE PCBs IN RIVERS FLOWING INTO THETOKYO BAY, JAPANNorihiro Kobavashi, Shigeki Masunaga, Junko Nakanishi 361

TEMPORAL VARIATION OF DIOXIN COMPOUNDS IN JAPANESE UPLANDHeesoo Eun. Nobuyasu Seike, Eiki Watanabe, Kofi Baba, Ueji Masako 365

DEGRADATION OF POLYCHLORINATED NAPHTHALENES BY THE LIGNIN-DEGRADINGBASIDIOMYCETE PHLEBIA LINDTNERIShiro Kitano. Toshio Mori, Ryuichiro Kondo 369

VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF PCDDs IN A CLAY CORE FROM KENTUCKY, USADamien Gadomski, Mats Tysklind, Robert L. Irvine, Peter C. Burns, Rolf Andersson, Tami Talalas 373

BEHAVIOR OF DIOXINS AND THE RELEVANCE TO SOIL CHARACTERISTICS IN A RIVER BASIN OFLAKE BIWA, JAPANYoshihisa Shimizu, Keisuke Sato, Suejin Kim, Tasuma Suzuki, Masatugu Takamatu, Masafumi Nakamura, illHisatoshi Yabushita, Tsukasa Yamamoto, Hitoshi Murata

CARRY-OVER OF DIOXINS AND PCBs AT LOW LEVELS FROM FEED TO EGGS AT LOWCONTAMINATION LEVELSWim Trass. Kees Kan, Marco Zeilmaker, Ron Hoogenboom 381

DISTRIBUTION OF PCDD/Fs IN MARINE SEDIMENTS ACCORDING TO PARTICLE SIZES IN KOREASe-Jin Lee, Byung-Hoon Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Yoon-Seok Chane. So-Yeon Kwon, Young-Ok Jung, Myeong-Hee 385Moon

CONCENTRATIONS OF DIOXIN-LIKE PCB CONGENERS IN UNWEATHERED AROCLORS BYHRGC/HRMS USING EPA METHOD 1668AAndrew F. Beliveau 389

THE FATE OF DIOXINS IN SILAGE CORN LEAVES: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIOXINSCONCENTRATIONS AND BIOMASS OF SILAGE CORN LEAVESRyuichi Ueeaki. Takashi Otani, Nobuyasu Seike 393

SORPTION, MOBILITY AND FATE OF 1,2,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-p-DIOXIN IN SOILS ANDSANDGerald Larsen, Francis Casey, Zhaosheng Fan, Heldur Hakk 397

COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS HUMIC SUBSTANCES ON THE ENZYMATICTRANSFORMATION OF PCPKenso Morimoto. Hiroyasu Ichikawa, Kenji Tatsumi, Ken-ichi Kuroda, Tenio Higashi 401

CONTINUED TRANSPORT OF PCCD/F CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS FROM RIVER KYMIJOKI TOTHE GULF OF FINLAND, THE BALTIC SEAMatti Verta. Simo Salo, Olli Malve, Hannu Kiviranta 405

SECTION 4 - ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT AND FATE/LEVELS IN AIR

ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS OF TOXAPHENE AND COPLANAR PCBs AT A CANADIAN IADNSITEA'. A. Brice, M. Shoeib, N. Alexandrou, K. Su, P. Blanchard 409

ATMOSPHERIC INPUT OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS TO THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEANManolis Mandalakis. Euripides Stephanou 413

URBAN AIR TRANSECT STUDY TO INVESTIGATE URBAN AREAS AS SOURCES OF PCDDs ANDPCDFs TO THE ENVIRONMENTDavid H. Cleverly, Michael Holdren, Kent Stafford, Dwain Winters, Karen Riggs, Joseph Ferrario, Pamela 417Hartford, Jim Morrison, Patricia Holowecky, Tony Wisbith

ATMOSPHERIC PBDEs AND PCNs ACROSS EUROPE: RESULTS OF A PASSIVE SAMPLINGPROGRAMFoday MJaward, Nicholas Farrar, Tom Harner, Costas Prevedouros, Andrew Sweetman, Kevin C Jones 422

CAUSES OF VARIABILITY IN PESTICIDE AND PCB CONCENTRATIONS IN AIR NEAR THE GREATLAKESRonald Hites, Stephanie Buehler, Ilora Basil 426

BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS IN THE ANTARCTICRebecca Dickhut, Amy Chiuchiolo, Michele Cochran, Hugh Ducklow 430

QUANTIFICATION OF A MAJOR ANTHROPOGENIC COMBUSTION EMISSION PULSE OF POPs TOTHE UK ATMOSPHERENickJ. Farrar, Kilian E.C. Smith, Robert G.M. Lee, Gareth O. Thomas, Andy Sweetman, Kevin C. Jones 434

LOSS PROCESSES OF PCBs IN THE SUBTROPICAL ATMOSPHERE: STUDY OF PCB-OH RADICALREACTIONS IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEANManolis Mandalakis, Euripides G. Stephanou 438

ACCOUNTING FOR PCBs IN THE CONTINENTAL SHELF SEDIMENTS AS PART OF A GLOBALBUDGET FOR PCBs: TOWARDS PREDICTIONS OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL LONGEVITYOrian Gustafsson, A. Jonsson, J. Axelman 442

SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE UPTAKE OF AIRBORNE GASEOUS AND PARTICLE BOUNDORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS IN SCOTS PINE NEEDLESHenrikKvlin. Anna Hellstrom, Andreas Sjodin 446

ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION OF PCDDs, PCDFs AND DIOXIN-LIKE PCBs FROM URBAN ANDSUBURBAN AREAS OF KOREAHvo-Bans Moon, Su-Joung Lee, Hee-Gu Choi, Sang-Soo Kim, Min-Kyu Choi, Pil-Yong Lee, Gon Ok 4 5 0

PCDD/F IN DEPOSITION SPRUCE THROUGHFALL AND AIR IN DENMARKJoreen Vikelsoe. Mads Hovmand, Helle Vibeke Andersen 454

CORRELATION BETWEEN THE FLOOD LEVEL OF THE RIVER ELBE (GERMANY) AND THE PCDD/FCONCENTRATION OF THE TRANSPORTED SOLID MATTERFrank Neugebauer, Peter Heininger, Evelyn Claus, Lutz Mueller 4 5 8

THE CALIFORNIA AMBIENT DIOXIN AIR MONITORING PROGRAM (CADAMP): MEASUREMENT OFCDDs, CDFs AND DIOXIN-LIKE PCBs AT NINE URBAN SITES IN CALIFORNIA- DECEMBER 2001 -AUGUST 2002Kevin Monear. Michelle Komlenic, Kathleen Gill, Richard Boyd. Webster Tasat, Jeff Cook 4<*2

O R G A N O C H L O R I N E S , - B R O M I N E S A N D T H E I R M E T A B O L I T E S IN E G G S O F N O R W E G I A N BIRDS OFP R E YPorte Herzke. UrsBerger, Torgeir Nygard, Walter Vetter 4 6 °

ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS OF PCDD/Fs AND PCBs IN AIR FROM BRISBANE, AUSTRALIAJochen F. Midler, Michael Bartkow, Debbie Burniston, Robert K. Symons

DISTRIBUTION OF PARTICIPATE- AND VAPOUR-PHASE POLYCHLOROBIPHENYLS ANDPOLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE VENICE LAGOONAndrea Gambaro, Laura Manodori, Rossano Piazza. Ivo Moret, Paolo Cescon 474

ADSORPTION ONTO BLACK CARBON DOMINATES THE GAS-PARTICLE PARTITIONING OFPCDD/FS IN THE NEW JERSEY COASTAL ATMOSPHERERainer Lohmann, Rosalinda Gioia, Steven Eisenreich, Kevin Jones 478

THE SURVEY OF THE LEVEL OF PCDD/FS IN AMBIENT AIR IN KOREA BETWEEN 1999 AND 2002Sans-eun Jeon. Chang-Jae Lee, Sang-won LeeKyung-sik Choi, Kyung Ho Jo, Jeong-Ho Choi 482

DIFFERENCES IN LEVELS AND PROFILES OF PCBs AND PAHs BETWEEN INDOOR AND OUTDOORSAMPLES SIMULTANEOUSLY COLLECTED IN ROMELuigi Turrio-BaldassaiTi, Vittorio Abate, Alessandro di Domenico, Nicola Iacovella, Cinzia La Rocca, Edoardo 486Menichini

DEPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERIC DIOXINS TO THE SURROGATE SURFACES TO ELUCIDATE THEUPTAKE PATHWAY BY PLANT LEAVES AND THE APPLICATION OF A SURROGATE SURFACE TOLONG TERM MONITORINGYoichi Kurokawa. Okihiro Ohishi, Kazuhiro Tobiishi, Nobuaki Soh, Toshihiko Imato 490

PCDD/F LEVELS IN PINE NEEDLES SAMPLED FROM DALIAN, CHINAJinzwen Chen. Huimin Zhao, Lina Gao, Xie Quan, B. Henkelmann, K.-W. Schramm 494

WHO-TEQ CONCERNING DIOXIN-LIKE PCB AND PCDD/PCDF IN AMBIENT AIR AND PLANTSAMPLES IN SOUTHERN GERMANYMelanie Kerst. Simone Bahner, Ludwig Peichl, Werner Reifenhauser, Wolfgang Korner 498

CONCENTRATION OF DIOXINS IN AMBIENT AIR OVER THE PAST 20 YEARS (II)Tohru Matsumura. Sumio Goto, Syuhei Sasai, Masaki Hijiya, Hiroji Shamoto, Osamu Endo, Ikuo Watanabe, 502Kiyoshi Tanabe, Hidetsuru Matsushita

GAS/PARTICLE PARTITIONING OF POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-D1OXINS ANDDIBENZOFURANS IN AMBIENT AIR AROUND MUNICIPAL WASTE INCINERATORS IN TAINAN,TAIWANChine-ChaneLee. Jung-Wei Chang, Po-Chin Huang 506

AIR EMISSIONS AND DIOXIN IN SOIL AND VEGETATION AROUND A METAL RECLAIMING PLANTIN DENMARKOle Schleicher. Peter Blinksbjerg, Allan A. Jensen, Peter Wade, Bernd Schilling 510

AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING FOR DIOXINS, FURANS AND COPLANAR PCBs IN AN URBANINDUSTRIALIZED CORRIDOR IN CALCASIEU PARISH, LOUISIANAMark Hansen, Jennifer Gibbs, Joseph Ferrario 514

REGIONAL TRENDS OF POPs IN EUROPEAN AMBIENT AIRIvan Holouhek. Eva Brorstrom-Lunden, Jan Duyzer, Victor Shatalov, Jana Klanova, Jiri Kohoutek 518

NATIONWIDE PCDD/F LEVELS IN AMBIENT AIR, VEGETATION AND SOIL IN THE VICINITY OF 19MSWIS IN TAIWANShih-Yun Chen, Yone-Chien Line. Pai-Sheng Cheng 522

A STUDY ON THE POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-p-DIOXINS AND DIBENZOFURANS IN THEATMOSPHERE OF GYEONGGI-DO, KOREADone Gi Kim. Yoon Ki Min, Gu Hwan Kim, Jou Yeal Kim, Jin Seok Son 526