Digital Printing &Graphics ArtGraphics Art

� Monitor Vs Printer� Monitor: Low Spatial Resolution with High Depth

� 72 Dpi (Dots per inch) and 8-bit Greyscale

� Printer: High Spatial Resolution with Low Depth

� 1200 Dpi and 1-bit Greyscale (Dot or no Dot)

~ ratio of 16

Printer Pixel0 or 1

Monitor Pixel0 to 255

16 x16 Array for 8-bit grey shades

� Continuous Tone Vs Dots Pattern� Stochastic Sampling by Frequency Modulation, such that

the sampling density is function of the grey shade 8-bit.

� Error Diffusion

� Direct Binary Search

� ......

~ ratio of 16

Printer Pixel0 or 1

Monitor Pixel0 to 255

� Visually pleasing pattern

� Cones sampling in the fovea� Poisson Disc Sampling or Blue Noise

� In General� Drop Speed: 5 to 9 meters/second

� Firing Frequency: 21 KHz

� PrintHeads� TIJ – Thermal Inkjet - 1200 Dpi - Cheap

� HP, Canon

Digital PrintingInkjet PrintHeads & Feed

� HP, Canon

� Piezo – 1440 Dpi - Expensive

� Epson, Fuji

� Mems – Microelectromechanical Systems - 1000 Dpi - Cheap

� Memjet, Kodak, Fuji, Epson,...

� Feed� Piezo PrintHeads still the best choice for content sensible

to heat and abrasion

� Bioprinting (organs, tissues, membrane proteins,...)

� In General� 80% Black and White

� High expectation from Printer Manufacturers

� In reallity� Poor acceptation

Digital PrintingGraphics Art Market

� Poor acceptation

� Very few people are willing to pay more than 1000 euros for a digital print.

� Why?� Falsification

� What is the original?

� Solutions� Asymetric Key Encriptation – Public and Private

� Did not convince – still numeric and intangible

� Bubble Tag� Much more accepted - Label of quality and control

Wine, painting, jamon iberico? But no digital printing

Digital PrintingGraphics Art Market

� Wine, painting, jamon iberico? But no digital printing

� Digital Negative – Cyanoprint - Finally� Vintage process - Original and unique

� No support from Printer Manufacturers

� Min price – 600 euros

� Max price between 15000 and 20000 euros

� Elliot Erwit: Maryline Monroe photos

� Personalization gives value to the product� HP, Canon, Epson (the club) are not targeting small

markets, below 100MM $.

� Still room to do things!

� Youtube his full of home made or hacked printers � Printed Circuit Board, foods, 3D printing, ...

Digital PrintingWhat does my story says?

� Printed Circuit Board, foods, 3D printing, ...

� Personalization

� E.g. Printing Buildings � D-shape is a (huge) Italian 3D printer, capable

of printing a set of house modules in 1 month

� Some parts of the Sagrada Familia are printed

with this technology.

� Green compound (sand and vegetal glue)

� concrete strenght and marble appearance

� Basically

� A printer is a box� Right to Left, Left to Right, Move the paper

� Standard medias and controlled orientation� Iso Size

� Media is constrained to the printing box

The printing box is static (desktop usage)

Digital PrintingPersonalization

� The printing box is static (desktop usage)

� Paradigm shift

� An inkjet mobile device� Wall, street, direct printing

� The device adapts itself to the support� Horizontal, vertical printing

Digital PrintingParadigm Shift

� Would it be possible, for a build cost inferior to 100 euros to develop a mobile printing device having:

� An Archimedean Spiral as a scanning path, such that: � At least, the printhead cover 3 succesive turns

� Increase Spatial resolution

Multitoning (2-Bit greyscale)� Multitoning (2-Bit greyscale)

� A Mounting/Fixing process offering:� Support flexibility, adaptation

� Multiple configurations

� Interchaneable PrintHead� OLED Printhead and support activation

� Open cartridge content

Merci --)