Digital Image Processing 數位影像處理

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Digital Image Processing數位影像處理黃世勳 (Shih-Shinh Huang)

Email : [email protected]: B322-1Office Hour: ( 二 ) 15:30 ~ 17:20

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Syllabus

Textbook Title: Digital Image

Processing, 3rd Edition.

Authors: R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods

Publisher: Addison Wesley

Year: 2008

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Syllabus

Prerequisite An interest in Image Processing Basic C/C++ Programming

Course Requirements Homework Assignments (64%)

• Seven Program Exercises (7x7=49%)• Term Project (15%)

Midterm Exam (20 %) Final Exam (20 %)

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Syllabus

Homework Submission Compress all files including programs and image

files into a single file (zip or rar). Rename the file as ID.zip (ex. u9951827.zip) Upload your file to the ftp site

• IP: 163.18.59.110

• User Name: dip2010

• Password: dip2010

Late Policy Grade = Grade(max{0.2, 1 – 0.2 * delay date});

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Syllabus

Three Levels in Image Processing Low-Level Image Processing

• Noise Reduction• Image Enhancement• Compression

Mid-Level Image Processing• Segmentation• Representation

High-Level Image Processing• Detection• Recognition

Face Recognition

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Digital Image Processing

Chapter 1Introduction

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Contents

Introduction to Digital IP

Fundamental Steps in Digital IP

Components of IP System

Application Fields of Digital IP

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Why Digital Image Processing (Digital IP)

Improvement of pictorial information for human interpretation

Processing of image data for storage, transmission, and representation for autonomous machine perception.

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Journals1. International Journal of Computer Vision (IJCV)2. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence

(PAMI).3. IEEE Trans. on Image Processing (IP)4. IEEE Trans. on Circuit Systems for Video Technology (CSVT)5. Computer Vision and Image Understanding (CVIU)6. CVGIP: Graphical Models and Image Processing7. ……

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Conference1. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)2. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern

Recognition (CVPR)3. European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV)4. Asian Conference on Computer Vision (ACCV)5. IEEE Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)6. IEEE Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)7. …….

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Definition of Digital Image An image is a continuous 2D function

• : spatial coordinate

• : intensity or gray level

A digital image is a discrete and limited 2D function

),( yxf),( yx

(.)f

),(),( nmIyxf

discrete

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Definition of Digital Image

),( nmI

rowcolumn

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Origin報紙業，於 1921 年透過海底電纜，傳送經過編碼的圖片，以縮短傳送時間。 ( 紐約 - 巴黎 )

1992 由打孔帶編碼所獲得之數位影像，訊號橫跨兩次大西洋。

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Origin Space Probe

航海者七號於 1964 年由美國太空船所取得第一張月球照片。

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Digital IP Processes

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Image Enhancement Bring out detail or highlight certain features of interest.

Judge the enhancement results according to human subjective preferences.

Image Restoration Improve the appearance of an image Judge restoration results according to

mathematical or probabilistic models.

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Media Filtering

Histogram Adjustment

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Compression Reduce the storage required to save an image Reduce the bandwidth required to transmit it

Morphological Processing Extract image components useful in the

representation and description of shape. Segmentation

Partition an image into its constituent parts of objects

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Foreground Segmentation90 120 150105 135

(b) Lee Approach

(c) Our Approach

(a) Original Images

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Traffic Monitoring Detect and track the vehicles in the scene. Gather statistics of the vehicles passing through

the defined area.

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Representation & Description Determine the boundary of region representation. Extract attributes of interest for differentiating one

class of objects from another Recognition / Detection

Assign a label to an object based on its descriptors.

Knowledge Base Prior knowledge for guiding the operations of each

modules.

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Lane/Vehicle Detection• Detect the lane and vehicles in front on the

highway under different traffic conditions.

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Face Recognition

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Image Sensors Physical Device: sense the energy radiated by

the object we wish to image Digitizer: convert the output of physical device

into digital form.

Specialized Image Processing Hardware Perform some primitive operations Perform functions that require fast data throughout

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Computer It is a general-purpose computer ranging from

PC to a supercomputer. Mass Storage

Provide adequate storage to IP system• Short-Term Storage: for use during processing

• On-Line Storage: for relatively fast recall

• Archival Storage: for infrequent access.

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Application Category Understand the extent of image processing

applications. Categorize images according to their source.

Electromagnetic (EM) energy spectrum

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Gamma-Ray Imaging Nuclear Medicine Astronomical Observations

骨頭掃描正電子斷層掃描核子反應閥天鵝座星環

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X-ray Imaging

胸部 X 光

動脈血管圖電路板

頭部斷層切片

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Imaging in the Ultraviolet Band

螢光顯微鏡正常玉蜀黍螢光顯微鏡染病玉蜀黍

天鵝座環狀星雲

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Imaging in the Visible and Infrared Bands

抗癌因子膽固醇微處理機

氧化鎳薄膜 CD 表面有機超導體

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Imaging in the Visible and Infrared Bands Images with different wavelengths

Visible Blue

Visible Green

Visible Red

Near Infrared

Middle Infrared

Thermal Infrared

Middle Infrared

NASA 華盛頓空照衛星圖

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Imaging in the Visible and Infrared Bands

人工眼球水晶體

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Imaging in the Microwave Band

(NASA 太空雷達 )西藏東南方山區

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Imaging in the Radio Band

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)磁振造影術

膝蓋骨脊椎骨

巨蟹星雲

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Other Imaging Modalities

Seismic Imaging ( 震測影像 )

超音波成像 (Ultrasound Imaging)

嬰兒嬰兒側視圖

甲狀軟骨肌肉層

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Other Imaging Modalities

掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM))

燒斷之鎢絲燈燈泡損壞之積體電路 (2500 倍 )

Digital Image Processing 數位影像處理

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