Digital Context: Chile JUNE - BBVA Research · 2018-09-14 · Digital Context: Chile 3 Overview...
Transcript of Digital Context: Chile JUNE - BBVA Research · 2018-09-14 · Digital Context: Chile 3 Overview...
Digital Context: Chile
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Chile
JUNE
2016
Digital Context
Digital Context: Chile
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1 Digital scenario
2 Demand side
3 Supply side
4 Regulation side
• Overview
Outline
Digital Context: Chile
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Overview
• Chile’s digital status is similar to some developed countries, such as Spain and Luxembourg
• Increasing number of people are using internet and with higher frequency
• Mobile devices are gaining momentum to access internet
• High cost is the main barrier to access internet for the 48% of households
without internet, particularly for younger ones
• Older individuals cite lack of skills and lack of necessity as the main
barriers for internet use
• Number of mobile broadband subscriptions have increased 4 times
• Around 60% of the investment in telecommunication services is dedicated to
mobile communications
• ICT-related laws have a positive relationship with legal system efficiency
and negative with piracy rate
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Digitization Index Scenario:
1
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Algeria
Qatar
Nigeria
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Paraguay
India
Venezuela
Vietnam
Peru
Argentina
Egypt
Ukraine
Greece
Philippines
Indonesia
Morocco
Thailand
Mexico
Sri Lanka
Italy
Poland
Bulgaria
Cyprus
China
Saudi Arabia
Croatia
Colombia
Slovenia
Kazakhstan
Russian Federation
Slovak Republic
Hungary
Turkey
Romania
Uruguay
Luxembourg
Brazil
Czech Rep.
South Africa
Ireland
Chile
United Arab Emirates
Belgium
Spain
Singapore
Austria
Portugal
Germany
Malaysia
Denmark
Latvia
Canada
Australia
France
United States
Sweden
Netherlands
Finland
Lithuania
Korea, Rep.
Japan
Estonia
Hong Kong SAR
United Kingdom
1.1. Structural digitization Index in 2015
The index comprises the measure of infrastructure level indicators, adoption and use of technologies, costs and regulatory conditions
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
USA
Chile
Mexico Peru
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1.2. Structural digitization Index in 2015: By dimension
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Affordability ICT Regulation Infrastructure
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
CHL MEX TUR GBR
ARG
MEX
CHL
SGP
CHL PER MEX
HKG
Individual usage Enterprises usage Content
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
MEX
TUR CHL
GBR
MEX COL
CHL
GBR
BGD
TUR
MEX
CHL
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Demand side 2
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2000 2003 2006 2009 2011 2013
Internet use Daily use Weekly use
(%)
Internet use frequency (%)
Higher growth in mobile phone access than computer
2.1. Computer and internet: Access at home and usage
Increasing
frequency
of internet
use
TIC access and internet use
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2000 2003 2006 2009 2011 2013
Internet access Computer accessMobile access Internet use
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Ma
galla
nes
Anto
fag
asta
Me
tropo
lita
na
Valp
ara
iso
Tara
pa
cá
Aysén
Copia
po
Arica
De
l Lib
ert
ado
r
Bío
-Bío
Coqu
imbo
Los L
ag
os
Los R
íos
Ara
uca
nia
Ma
ule
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
ho
use
ho
lds w
ith
in
tern
et a
cce
ss
2013 2011
AVERAGE 2013
2.2. Internet access at home: Evolution across states
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Lack ofnecessity
High cost Lack ofskills
Security Privacity Nocoverage
Pe
rcen
tage
of
ho
use
ho
lds w
ith
ou
t in
tern
et a
cce
ss
2006 2013
The high cost is the main barrier to access internet for households
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 1 2 3 4 5
%
Coste elevado Sin necesidad Falta de habilidad
16-24 25-44 45-64 +65
Households without internet access in 2013
High cost
Barriers perception by age
2.3. Internet access barriers at home
Lack of
necessity Lack of skills
Households without internet access in 2006
The
percentage of
individuals
with internet
access
problems has
decreased
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41.6% 58.0%
43,7% 34,0% 52,4%
10,3%
28,0%
2009 2013
Level of internet use Level of internet use
61.1% 13.1%
15.3%
7.9% 73.1%
7.7%
8.6%
5.7%
2.4. Places for Internet use
People mostly access internet at home
Home Work Education centre Community telecentre Private centres Others
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Información Comunicación Ocio Educación Trámites conEstado
Comercioelectrónico
Banca electrónica
2011 2013
(%)
E-banking and e-commerce increase their share among internet activities
2.5. Internet activities: usage in last twelve months
Most
popular
activities (%)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Information Communication Leisure Education Government E-commerce E-banking
2011 2013
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2006 2009 2011 2013
E-banking E-commerce
x 3.4 x 3.8
E-banking E-commerce
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Me
tropo
lita
na
Anto
fag
asta
Aysén
Valp
ara
iso
Ma
galla
nes
Tara
pa
cá
Los R
íos
Los L
ag
os
Coqu
imbo
Ara
uca
nia
Ma
ule
Copia
po
Bío
-Bío
Del Lib
ert
ado
r
Arica
Pe
rcen
tage
of
inte
rne
t u
se
rs
2013 2011
AVERAGE 2013
2.6. E-banking: Evolution across states
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Me
tropo
lita
na
Aysén
Arica
Anto
fag
asta
Los R
íos
Tara
pa
cá
Valp
ara
iso
Los L
ag
os
Ma
ule
Copia
po
Ara
uca
nia
Ma
galla
nes
Coqu
imbo
Bío
-Bío
Del Lib
ert
ado
r
Pe
rcen
tage
of
inte
rne
t u
se
rs
2013 2011
2.7. E-commerce: Evolution across states
AVERAGE 2013
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E-banking E-commerce Internet
2.8. Geographical distribution in 2013: usage in the last year
High
Medium-high
Medium-low
Low
There is heterogeneity within the country in terms of internet use, e-banking and e-commerce. However
differences across regions are minor
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100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Student
16-24
Unemployed
Primary
Tertiary
65 +
Quintile 1
Quintile 2
Quintile 4
Occupied
Secondary
No studies
45-64
25-44
Quintile 5
Quintile 3
2011 2013
EMPLOYMENT
EDUCATION
AGE
GENDER
INCOME
2.9. Population characteristics: Internet use (%)
Female
Male
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2.10. Population characteristics in 2013 (%)
E-banking E-commerce
0 10 20 30 40 50
Quintil 1
Quintil 2
Quintil 3
Quintil 4
Quintil 5
16-24
25-44
45-64
65 +
Sin estudios
Primaria
Secundaria
Terciaria
Estudiante
Empleado
Desempleado
Hombre
Mujer
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Quintil 1
Quintil 2
Quintil 3
Quintil 4
Quintil 5
16-24
25-44
45-64
65 +
Sin estudios
Primaria
Secundaria
Terciaria
Estudiante
Empleado
Desempleado
Hombre
Mujer
EMPLOYMENT
EDUCATION
AGE
GENDER
INCOME
0 20 40 60
Quintile 1
Quintile 2
Quintile 3
Quintile 4
Quintile 5
16-24
25-44
45-64
65 +
No studies
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Student
Occupied
Unemployed
Male
Female
0 20 40 60
Quintile 1
Quintile 2
Quintile 3
Quintile 4
Quintile 5
16-24
25-44
45-64
65 +
No studies
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Student
Occupied
Unemployed
Male
Female
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Supply side 3
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
0
20
40
60
80
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
3.1. Mobile situation
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions (millions) Domestic mobile-telephone traffic (billions of minutes)
X4 Chile
Spain
Tariffs: Mobile-cellular prepaid-1 min call (USD)
Spain 99%
Chile 95%
Mobile population Coverage
0.32 CHILE, 2014
0.15 SPAIN, 2014
2012
On-net Chile
On-net Spain Off-net Spain
Off-net Chile
50.76
23.68
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0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Chile Spain
44%
4%
51%
DSL Fibra Cable módem
3.2. Fixed broadband
Chile 2013
77%
5%
18%
DSL Fibra Cable módem
Chile Spain
Fixed broadband monthly
subscription charge
43 USD2014
Fixed broadband monthly
subscription charge
36 USD2014
Fixed broadband speed, (in Mbit/s)
Fixed broadband subscriptions (millions)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Chile Spain
5
1
2005 2013 2005 2013
Chile Spain
X 3 X 2
0
20
40
60
80
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Spain 2013
Fibre modem
Fibre modem
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Chile Spain
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Chile Spain
35.66
67.16
24.07
66.85
23.81
35.59
Note: numbers inside the bars show nº subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
3.3. Wireless broadband
Total wireless broadband subscriptions (millions) Mobile-broadband subscriptions (millions)
2010
Chile Spain
X4
X 3
2013 2010 2013 2010
Chile Spain
2013 2010 2013
X4
X 3
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41%
58%
Chile
Spain
Fixed-telephone
Internet
Mobile communication
3.4. Annual investment in telecommunication services
2006 2011 2013
2,787
Millions USD
X 1.4 Between
2006-2013
5,159
Millions USD
X 0.7 Between
2006-2013
3,356 Millions USD
5,370 Millions USD
41%
78%
43% 34%
23%
1,972 Millions USD
7,729 Millions USD
10%
36% 54%
57%
30%
12%
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Regulation side 4
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ARG
BRA
CHL CHN
COL
DNK
FIN
FRA
DEU
IND
ITA
MEX
PER
SGP
ESP
TUR
GBR
USA
VEN
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Eff
icie
ncy o
f le
ga
l syste
m in
ch
alle
ngin
g
regs,
1-7
(b
est)
Laws relating to ICTs, 1-7 (best)
CHL
FIN
FRA
DEU
ITA
LUX
NOR
ESP
GBR
USA
BRA
CHN
COL
IND
MEX
PER
SGP
TUR
VEN
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7S
oft
wa
re p
ira
cy r
ate
, %
so
ftw
are
insta
lled
Laws relating to ICTs, 1-7 (best)
4.1. ICT laws: Relation with Efficiency and Piracy
High income OECD countries (Chile is highlighted in green)
Rest
Source: BBVA Research & World Economic Forum Source: BBVA Research & World Economic Forum
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0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
ArgentinaEl SalvadorGuatemala
BoliviaAustriaMexico
JamaicaCosta Rica
TurkeyCanada
GermanyColombia
Korea, RepPeru
BrazilSpain
UruguayChile
United KingdomAustralia
No. New Firms per 1,000 workers
ARG BRA
COL
IND
MLT
MEX
PER
SGP
TUR
AUS
CHL
DNK FIN
FRA DEU
ITA
KOR
NOR
ESP
SWE GBR 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 5 10 15 20
Ea
se
of d
oin
g b
usin
ess R
an
kin
g
No. new firms per 1,000 workers
4.2. Ease of doing business & entrepreneurship
High income OECD countries (Chile is highlighted in green)
Rest
Source: BBVA Research & Doing Business (World Bank Group) Source: Doing Business (World Bank Group)
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Chile 4.3 Median 3.7
Weak
Medium
High
No data
Weak
Medium
High
No data
4.3. Political and regulatory environment
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Appendices 5
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Composition of the Digitization Index
Users
adoption
Firms
adoption
Infrastructure Cost
Regulation
Content
Fixed (wired)-broadband speed, in Mbit/s.
International Internet bandwidth. It is measured in
bits per second per internet users.
Percentage of total population covered by a mobile
network signal.
International Internet bandwidth in megabits per
second (Mbit/s).
Active mobile-broadband subscriptions.
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions.
Mobile telephone subscriptions
Percentage of households with Internet access at
home.
Proportion of individuals that used the Internet in the
last 12 months.
how widely used are virtual social networks in the
country.
What extent do businesses use ICTs for transactions
with other businesses in the country?
What extent do businesses use Internet for selling
their goods and services to consumers in the country?
What extent do businesses adopt new technology in
the country?
[1 = not at all; 7 = to a great extent]
Monthly subscription charge for fixed (wired)
broadband Internet service (PPP $) Fixed (wired)
broadband is considered any dedicated connection to
the Internet at downstream speeds equal to, or
greater than, 256 kilobits per second, using DSL.
How developed are your country’s laws relating to
the use of ICTs (e.g., electronic commerce, digital
signatures, consumer protection)?
[1 = not developed at all; 7 = extremely well-developed]
The Government Online Service Index assesses the
quality of government’s delivery of online services on
a 0-to-1 (best) scale. There are four stages of service
delivery: Emerging, Enhanced, Transactional and
Connected. In each country, the performance of the
government in each of the four stages is measured as
the number of services provided as a percentage of
the maximum services in the corresponding stage.
Users
adoption
Infrastructure
Firms
adoption
Regulation
Cost
Content
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Survey carried out by the Government of Chile since 1985, with a biennial and
triennial basis. The survey provides statistical information where it is possible to
determine the availability and use of ICT in Chile
This survey is mandated by the Ministry of Planning and Cooperation
(MIDEPLAN) and it is characterized by measuring the socioeconomic conditions
of households in the country, in terms of access to health, education, work and to
housing conditions. CASEN survey is also widely used by other ministries and
public services for the design and evaluation of policies and programs
Source of data from the Demand Side: CASEN
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The World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database contains time series data
for the years 1960, 1965, 1970 and annually from 1975 to 2014. These data are
available for over 200 economies, however the availability of data for the different
indicators and years can vary
The data are collected from an annual questionnaire sent to official economy
contacts, usually the regulatory authority or the ministry in charge of
telecommunication and ICT. Additional data are obtained from reports provided
by telecommunication ministries, regulators and operators and from ITU staff
reports
Source of data from the Supply Side: World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database (ITU, 2015)
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Financial Inclusion David Tuesta Lead Economist
Víctor Adame Javier Alonso Alfonso Arellano Noelia Cámara Rosa Mª Oliveros Lucía Pacheco Mª Luisa Pérez
For further information, please contact [email protected] or [email protected]
Chile Jorge Selaive Chief Economist Aníbal Antonio Alarcón Cristóbal Gamboni Hermann Esteban González Fernando Soto