Digestion Functions Taelar Shelton, MS, ATC, AT/L.
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Transcript of Digestion Functions Taelar Shelton, MS, ATC, AT/L.
Digestion FunctionsDigestion FunctionsTaelar Shelton, MS, ATC, AT/L
MouthMouthFood is acted upon physically and
chemicallyPapillae contain taste buds and
are located on the tongue 32 teeth in mouthTongue positions food toward
basic of mouth to swallow
Salivary GlandsSalivary GlandsParotid- secreation of salivaSublingual- amylase is a digestive
enzyme found in salivaSubmandibular- provides digestive
enzyme (amylase) to moisten food to make it easier to swallow
Enzymes help begin the digestion of carbohydrates
PharynxPharynxMouth to esophagus
TracheaTracheaRespiratory system functions
EsophagusEsophagusAbout 10-12 inches longPeristalsis Heartburn in the burning
sensation due to irritation caused by stomach aced backing up into the esophagus
Cardiac SphincterCardiac SphincterAllows food to enter the stomachPrevent stomach contents from
backing up into esophagus
StomachStomachTemporary storage of food Mix and churns foodSecretes gastric juices for
digestion (mucus, hydrochloric acid, enzymes)
The major role of the stomach is not digestion
Gastric ulcers can be caused by HCL irritation of the stomach lining
Pyloric SphincterPyloric SphincterAllows small amounts of food to
intermittantly enter the duodenum
“ski lift operator”
DuodenumDuodenumCan develop ulcersLength of all 3 portions of small
intestines is about 20 feetCompletes charbohydrate and
protein digestion Villi help increase surface area
Jejunum and IliumJejunum and IliumVilli helps absorb products of
digestionCompletes digestion of protein,
fats and carbohydrates Absorbs the end products of
digestion into blood stream Carbohydrates – glucoseFats – fatty acid – glycerolProteins – ammino acids
Iliocecal SphincterIliocecal SphincterRegulates the passing of material
from the small intestine to large intestine
CecumCecumCollects waste products from
digestive process
AppendixAppendixCan become inlammed May need to be surgically
removed
ColonColonAscending Colon- to absorb
excess water from waste materialTransverse Colon- peristalsisDescending Colon- about 5-6 feet Sigmoid Colon- cleans large
intestine, prevents excess absorbtion of water
RectumRectumCollects and eliminates waste
Gall BladderGall BladderCollects and secretes bile Contracts to release bile into
duodenum
LiverLiverProduces bile- helps digest fatsConverts glucose into glycogen Acts on chyme as it passes
through the duodenum
PancreasPancreasSecreates pancreatic juices to act
on carbs, fats and proteins