Differential Field Test Booking Method

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A C B

60.234 m

26.718 m 33.516 m

Daily Checks

i. Daily checks shall be made every day before continuingthe survey work to ensure the instrument is in goodcondition.

ii. The difference between the daily checks distances andprevious measured shall not exceed 10 millimetres.

iii. For GNSS equipment, daily checks should be made also.

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Methods To Plant New Boundary Mark

i. New boundary mark should be planted as nearly as may fromtraverse stations and should not exceed 300 meters based on thecoordinates set out in the pre computation plan or field surveyplan.

ii. Methods by GNSS can also be used to plant new boundarymarks based on the coordinates set out in the plan precomputation plan or of field survey plan.

iii. Any differences that excess of the permissible limit of area,the approval of the District Land Administrator shall be obtained.

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Methods To Plant Boundary Mark

i. Boundary marks shall be planted before or during surveycarried out using boundary marks according to the methodprescribed by the Department.

ii. Boundary marks on the surface of another must beclearly plant, permanently in the ground and the tops shallbe at a height of not more than eight (8) inches aboveground level.

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Methods To Plant Boundary Mark

iii. On-line mark

(a) If a new boundary mark need to plant on existing lines,adequate boundary mark can be planted by coordinates set outin the pre computation plan or field survey plan or NDCDBcoordinate.

(b) Bearing and distance between the on-line boundary marks isderived from system calculations.

(c) Limits of new calculated bearing compared to the originalvalue shall not exceed 20''.

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Methods To Plant Boundary Mark

iv. No Mark (T.T.)

If the position of the boundary is in a location that can not beplant, No Mark (TT) shall be applied as follows:

(a) Permanent reference marks should be planted to enable theboundary mark to be planted in future; and

(b) Permanent reference should be planted on the line thatforms the crossing of boundary, as near to the object.

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No Mark (TT) And Reference Mark (TR)

39

Methods To Plant Boundary Mark

v. Distance between the boundary

(a) The marks on the boundary line should be planted atintervals of not more than 300 meters away if marks visibleeach other or at intervals of not more than 200 meters ifthey are not visible.

(b) Boundaries lines shall be marked follow the curve at theend of the chord so normal distance from the curve to thechord line does not exceed 0.2 meters.

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Methods To Plant Cadastral Reference Mark (CRM)

Cadastral surveys can be done by tie to the Cadastral ReferenceMark station or old boundary mark which proof in good position.Traverses should be closed to the adjacent Cadastral ReferenceMark station or old boundary mark which proof in good positionthat not more than 25 stations or with solar observations.

41

Methods To Plant Cadastral Reference Mark (CRM)

For new development residential and commercial areas, theCadastral Reference Mark station with a maximum gridinterval of 500 meters x 500 meters or existing CadastralReference Mark station must be created for the purposesof traverse control.

i. To facilitate the survey work, Cadastral Reference Mark tobe marked prior to field survey team went to work on field.

42

Methods To Plant Cadastral Reference Mark (CRM)

ii. Number of Cadastral Reference Mark shall be as stated inthe survey datum.

iii. Cadastral Reference Mark should also be marked near tothe area or lot to be measured and the marking of bothCadastral Reference Mark if possible, across the lot to besurveyed.

iv. Serial number of Cadastral Reference Mark is generatedby systems and based on the survey file number.

43

Methods To Plant Cadastral Reference Mark (CRM)

v. Other features to be considered when determining thelocation of CRM are:

(a) Cut off angle around the Cadastral Reference Mark mustbe at least 15°;

(b) The causes that affect interference to the reception ofsatellite waves as electrical substations, radio stations,radar stations and telecommunication stations should beavoided;

44

Methods To Plant Cadastral Reference Mark (CRM)

(c) Location Cadastral Reference Mark shall far away (notless than 50 meters) from material which may causereflections satellite waves such as tall buildings, walls, roofand an iron;

(d) Cadastral Reference Mark must be made in a place thatis as safe as possible; and

(e) Soil Surface around the Cadastral Reference Mark shouldbe stable.

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Suitable Position For CRM

46

CRM CONTROL POINTS

TABLE OF CONTENT

Reference File Number

Field Work Location

Instrument and Software

Background

CRM Preparation Process

(CADASTER REFERENCE MARK)

GNSS Data Observation

GNSS Observation Data Processing

GNSS Observation Flow Chart

Conclusion

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REFERENCE FILE NUMBER

CRM CONTROL POINTS

48

REFERENCE FILE NUMBER

CRM CONTROL POINTS

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FIELD WORK LOCATION

NDCDB GOOGLE EARTH

CRM CONTROL POINTS

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FIELD WORK LOCATION

CRM CONTROL POINTS

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INSTRUMENTS

CRM CONTROL POINTS

Pipe + bucket + cement + sand + Spike + hammer + paint + shovel

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