Different Floor Finishes - REVISED
Transcript of Different Floor Finishes - REVISED
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Different Floor Finishes
Submitted to and Edited by:
Prof.Archt. Sylvester Seo
Different Floor Finishes
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Types of Floor Finishes:
Ceramic Tiles
Linoleum
Vinyl
Plain Polished Flooring
Stamped Concrete
Carpet
HDF (high- density fiber board)
Rubberized
Marble
T&G Flooring Glass
Natural Stones
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CERAMIC TILES
A ceramic tiles is an inorganic, nonmetallic solid prepared by the
action of heat and subsequent cooling. Ceramic tiles are made from clay which is mined form the ground.
Usage
Ceramic tile has long been considered to be a multi-purpose tileand can be used in several areas.
Floors Walls (interior and exterior)
Countertops and backsplashes
Patios
Fireplaces
Walkways Exterior house trims
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Some ceramic tile is usable outdoors, others
are for use as indoor tile only.
Ceramic tile is also obtainable in various
surface finishes that includes: smooth,
textured, glazed, unglazed, polished and
unpolished surfaces etc.
Size
Available sizing of the floor ceramic tile ranges
from:
6x6 to as large as 24 x 24
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LINOLEUM is a floor covering made from renewable materials
such as solidified linseed oil (linoxyn), pine rosin,
ground cork dust, wood flour, and mineral fillers suchas calcium carbonate, most commonly ona burlap or canvas backing; pigments are oftenadded to the materials.
Types
distinguished by type (plain or inlaid)and gauge(battleship or A-E gauge)
A-E gauges of linoleum were
thinner than the battleship gauges;
Thickness battleship gauges were the thickest type,
ranging from light battleship (0.142" thick) to veryheavy battleship (0.25" thick);
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Usage
Typical historical uses for linoleum include:
residential flooring: for kitchens, hallways andbathrooms
institutional flooring: in schools, showrooms
originally installed over a wood subflooring. Later, alayer of felt was sandwiched in between
heavier battleship linoleum was common in offices,stores, hospitals, banks, lodge rooms, elevators andbattleship decks
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thinner battleship linoleum was common in light trafficareas and where cost was a factor
'A' gauge plain linoleum was common in apartmentsor offices with moderate traffic levels
'B, C, and D' gauges were common in residentialapplications
'E' gauge linoleum was common in the automobileindustry
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Sizes
Available sizes:
2mm Thick, Tile Size 33cm x 33cm
2.5mm Thick, Tile Size 33cm x 33cm
2.5mm Thick, Tile Size 50cm x 50cm
2 Meter-wide Sheet Linoleum
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VINYL (comes in both SHEET
and TILE forms)
Vinyl flooring is a new type of resilient flooringin the market. This is made from plastic,
like that of the PVC (poly-vinyl chloride)
Vinyl tiles are composed of colored vinyl
chips formed into solid sheets of varyingthicknesses (1/8 is most common) by
heat and pressure and cut into
12 squares.
VINYL is thicker than the counterpart
LINOLEUM (which also costs less).
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Usage Thickness Used in:
Residential 2mm total thickness
0.2mm wear layer
Light commercial with 2mm total thickness
moderate foot traffic 0.3mm wear layer
(e.g. Hotel rooms, Conference rooms
& Small offices)
Commercial areas 2.5mm total thickness
with heavy traffic 0.55mm wear layer (No bevel)
(e.g. Retail outlets, Boutiques,
Open plan offices , Care homes,
Healthcare establishments,
Schools & Colleges)
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Commercial areas intensively 2.5mm total thickness
used with very heavy traffic 0.7mm wear layer
(Department stores, Retail outlets, (With bevel)
heavily used Multipurpose halls
and Airports)
Light Industrial areas 2.5mm total thickness
with heavy traffic 0.7mm wear layer
(Production halls & Storage rooms) (With bevel)
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Usage Thickness
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PLAIN POLISHED CONCRETE
FLOORING Polished concrete floors are energy
efficient, hard surface, anti-slip, lowmaintenance and can be kept dustfree. This is the simplest, yet adecent type of flooring.
Usage
Used in: retail, warehouse and office
facilities
Used by:
homeowners who arenow seeking smooth, high-luster floors that can replicatethe look of polished stone
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A worker using a concrete
grinder to polish the floor
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STAMPED CONCRETE is concrete that is patterned and/or textured or embossed
to resemble(look like, faux finish/false finish)brick, slate, flagstone, stone, tile, wood, and variousother patterns and textures. These comes in panels.
Usage
Commonly used for: patios,
sidewalks,
driveways, garages,
pool decks,
and interior flooring
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Sizes
Available :
3x3
6x6
12x12
18x18
24x24
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CARPET
is a textile floorcovering consisting of anupper layer of "pile" attachedto a backing.
Usage
Commonly used at homes in
bedrooms and living rooms.
Also used in commercial
structures like hotels, schools,etc.
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Sizes Small- no bigger than 2 sq m (21 sq ft),
Medium-from 3.5 sq m (38 sq ft) to 5 sq m (54 sq ft)
Large-from 5 sq m to 8 sq m (54 sq ft to 86 sq ft).
DISADVANTANGES OF USING CARPET:
- It accumulates dust, causing deterioration of indoor airquality inside especially air-conditioned rooms and spaces,which poses a health risk.
- Needs to be cleaned regularly to avoid buildup of molds,
fungi and bacteria.
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HDF (high- density fiber board)HDF is a lot stronger than the MDF (medium-density fiberboard)
Hardboard, also called high-
densityfiberboard (HDF), not tobe confused with 'hardwood. HDFfloor planks are joined thru T&Gconnections.
is a type of fiberboard, which isan engineered wood product.
Size: 1220X2440 mm
Thickness: 2 - 4.75mm ,
2.5-30 mm Usage: Flooring, other high-
performance usages, etc. Different Floor Finishes
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HDF versus MDF
Also referred to as hardboard, a high-density fiberboard for flooring (HDF) is a type
of engineered wood product. It is made from wood fiber extracted from chips
and pulped wood waste. High-density fiberboard for flooring is similar but much
harder and denser than particle board or medium density fiberboard for flooring
(MDF). It has a density greater than 50 pounds per cubic foot or 800 kg per cubic
meter. This makes for a perfect stabilizing material for laminate floors andengineered hardwood flooring. MDFs are used for furniture, walls and other
applications which have lower strength performance requirements.
Like other types of fiberboard for flooring, a high density fiberboard for flooring
cannot be used outside because it absorbs water. A tempered form of hardboard is
made by adding oil that becomes a polymer when the board is formed under hightemperature and pressure. This gives it resistance against moisture, hardness, and
strength. This tempered hardboard can be used in construction siding.
Building Technology 1
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Victorino MariferM.W.F. 8:00-9:00
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RUBBERIZED FLOORING (comes in
either ROLLS/SHEETS and TILE forms)
Usage
applications both in
commercial and
residential including: public transit, public circulatory
routes (non-slip, and guide
path for the blind, disabled),
sports and fitness centers,playgrounds
and stair treads. Different Floor Finishes
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Sizes
rubber tiles come standardin 12X12, 18X18, and
36X36 squares.Rubber Sheet Rolls are 4ft.
or more in width, and can be20 to 30ft. in length,
allowing you to completelycover most rooms with justone or two rolls.
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Rubber sheet rolls
Interlocking rubber tiles
MARBLE FLOORING ( t f NATURAL
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MARBLE FLOORING (a type of NATURAL
STONE stone flooring)This is a metamorphicrock
made from the joining of calcite[limestone] rock at hightemperatures and pressure.
Usage
Marble tiles can be used for
flooring, (living room)
countertops,
backsplashes, on walls, fireplaces,
and even on your home'sexterior. Different Floor Finishes
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Sizes
available in slab sizes of 1.2meters
by 2.4 meters.
Tiles size:
12x12
18x18
Etc.
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WOODEN T&G FLOORING Tongue and groove or T&G is a method of fitting similar
objects together, edge to edge, used mainly with wood:
flooring, parquetry, panelling, and similar constructions.Usage
Commonly used in residential
structures, more often
in patios, etc.Sizes
Are commonly:
2250mm x 1200mm
2400mm x 1200mm 2700mm x 1200mm
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GLASS FLOORING (usually employsTOUGHENED/TEMPERED GLASS type for load-bearing
floors)
Glass as a flooring material is used in bothresidential and commecial structures.Special hollow glass blocks known as
glass pavers are often used in
combination with a metal frame.Usages:
Often used in:
Residential
(stairs, floor)
Commercial structures
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Sizes
2-Edge Support (residential):
Spans up to 1.2 metres = 2 x 12mm toughenedand laminated.
Spans up to 1.5 metres = 3 x 10mm toughenedand laminated.
Spans up to 1.8 metres = 3 x 12mm toughenedand laminated.
Spans up to 2.0 metres = 4 x 10mm toughenedand laminated.
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NATURAL STONES
Usage
For residential
is the perfect, permanent solution for coveringbasement, garage, and patio concrete floors
even in flood-prone areas.
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BASIC TYPES OF NATURAL STONES
There are three basic types of rock from which we carve out stone floors:
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
Travertine and limestone are examples of sedimentary stone. Granite is anexample of igneous stone. Slate and marble are examples of metamorphicstone.
Stone flooring has long been considered the flooring material of choice for theprivileged and elite. Think castles and palaces. But that is no longer the case.
Advances in technology have helped make the labor-intensive process muchmore affordable and that savings has been passed on to modern dayconsumers.
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Victorino MariferM.W.F. 8:00-9:00
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Types
Limestone
Recognized for its great strength as it does not blisterupon exposing it to water
Well suited for flooring and paving purposes
Also be used in any weather, as extreme degree oftemperature, cold or hot, hardly affects the color and
texture of limestone Generally used as limestone tiles, limestone blocks,
limestone slabs, limestone chips in flooring, wallcladding, countertops, fireplace mantels and forpavement of floors of large commercial complexes,hospitals, airports, shopping malls, railway stations,parks etc.
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Standard Sizes of Limestone:
30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)
40 x 40 cm (16 x 16 inches)
60 x 30 cm (24 x 12 inches)
60 x 40 cm (24 x 16 inches)
60 x 60 cm (24 x 24 inches)
90 x 30 cm (36 x 12 inches)
90 x 60 cm (36 x 24 inches)
Finishes:Natural, Calibrated, Honed, Polished, Bush Hammered & Flamed
Forms:Tiles, Slabs, Cobbles
Standard Thickness:10 mm - 20 mm
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Sandstone
The entire range is acknowledged for perfect
finish, high tensile strength, breakage
resistance and durability thereby widely used
for all types of interior & exterior applications
depending upon the imagination of anarchitect.
Further, it is available in different sizes and
finishes like natural, calibrated, honed,polished and flamed.
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Specifications:
Standard Sizes of Sandstone:
30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)
40 x 40 cm (16 x 16 inches)
60 x 30 cm (24 x 12 inches)
60 x 40 cm (24 x 16 inches) 60 x 60 cm (24 x 24 inches)
90 x 30 cm (36 x 12 inches)
90 x 60 cm (36 x 24 inches)
Finishes:Natural, Honed, Calibrated, Sawn, Sandblast
Forms:Tiles, Slabs, Blocks
Standard Thickness:10- 20mm
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Quartzite stone
This fireproof and non-slippery stone is widely
used in wall-cladding, roofing, flooring and for
all types of interior as well as exterior
decorations.
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Standard Sizes of Quartzite:
30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)
40 x 40 cm (16 x 16 inches)
60 x 30 cm (24 x 12 inches)
60 x 40 cm (24 x 16 inches)
Finishes:Honed, Natural Cleft, Polished, Calibrated, Anycut to size
Forms:TilesStandard Thickness:10 mm - 15 mm
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Slate stone (thin stoneflakes, colored gray to dark
gray variants) Suitable for exterior and
interior applications such as
wall-cladding, roofing,flooring, hearths, fireplaces,kitchen, landscaping,driveways, pools, etc
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Standard Sizes:
30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)
40 x 40 cm (16 x 16 inches) 60 x 30 cm (24 x 12 inches)
60 x 40 cm (24 x 16 inches)
60 x 60 cm (24 x 24 inches)
Finishes:Natural, Calibrated, Honed, Polished
Forms:Tiles, Slab
Standard Thickness:10 mm - 15 mm
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Granite stone (usually used forcountertop tables, high-endfloorings and walls)
Dimension depends on variousinterior & exterior applications.
Cobblestone (usually used for oldroads)
cobblestone is used basically tomake pathways, pavements and forlandscaping, cobbles stone arefireproof, need little maintenanceand no paint.
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Standard Sizes:
10x10x8 cm/4x4x3 in
14x14x6 cm/5x5x2 in
14x14x8 cm/5x5x3 in 14x20x8 cm/5x8x3 in
20x10x8 cm/8x4x3 in
Finishes:All sides natural (Hand dressed). Top surface can be honed,
Flamed
Forms:Sandstone cobbles, Limestone cobbles, Granite cobbles
Standard Thickness:6- 8cm/2-3Inch
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Pebbles stones (an aggregate)
are used as decorativelandscaping stones in homes,artificial ponds, fountains,posh lounges, open air
theaters, aquaria, parks, outhouses and gardens.
Example of floor finish
specifications: Pebblewash-out flooring.
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Specifications:
Standard Sizes:
15mm- 30mm 25mm- 50mm
50mm-100mm
Finishes: Dry tumbled pebbles, wet tumbled pebbles, natural river
pebbles. The finished surface varies as dry tumbling provides thepebbles a polished and smooth finish in comparison to the wettumbled stones
Forms:Round, Flat, Oval
Standard Thickness:15mm- 4inch diameter
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