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(Carmel et al. 2015) “Role the receptor for advan

glycation endproducts (RAin retinal vasodegeneratipathology during dia"etes

mic

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$ia"etic retinopathy and R

• %rea&do'n of %R%

• euronalglial dysfunction

• Role of in*ammation

 innate immune cells• Retina innate immune cells  microglia and +

• ,attern recognition receptors  RA!

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!perimental procedure

• Control ondia"etic 3 RA! /  Citrate "u

• $ia"etic 6 3 RA! /  strepto7ocin

• 8nduced at 12 'ee&s and hyperglycaemia con9days after in:ection in mice

• lucometric analysis of tail pric& "lood sampl

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!periment 1 RA! deletie4ects on retinal vasopermea

• ;asopermea"ility assessed < 'ee&s after indudia"etes

• Al"umin lea&age from retinal vasculature asse

measure of %R% "rea&do'n

• %R% ("lood retinal "arrier) assessed in cryose

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Graph of albumin leakage from retinal blood vessels

*p

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!periment 2 Role of RA

retinal vascular leucostas

• =eucostasis assessed  *uorophorecon:ugateconcanavalinA

•um"er of leucocytes counted

• After < 'ee&s of dia"etes leucocytes adheren"lood vessels measured

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Graph showing extent of retinal vascular leucostas*p

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!periment > Assessment dia"etes related glial and neu

dysfunction

• Astrocytes and end feet of +uller cells  residimmune cells

• lial responses measured using ?A, stainingdia"etic for 2< 'ee&s

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Graph showing expression of GFAP in retinal Mul***p

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!periment

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Graph of total microglial cells***p

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Graphs of activated (black bars) and resting (whmicroglia labelled with F4!" after #$ and $4

*p

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Conclusion

• -tudy sho'ed dia"etic RA! / mice are protected frothe &ey early stage lesions of dia"etic retinopathy

• ,rovided protection against vascular leucostasis andvasopermea"ility

•,rotected from microglial activation after 12 'ee&s of d

• Resident innate immune cells of retina  +uller glia andia"etic upregulation a"sent under RA! deletion

• RA! involved in many vasodegenerative aspects of diaretinopathy suggesting a role for RA!