Diabetes is aDiabetes is aFamily Family

AffairAffair

Diabetes and Your FeetDiabetes and Your Feet

Presented by:Presented by:

Diabetes Fast Diabetes Fast FactsFacts Close to 21 million people or 7 Close to 21 million people or 7

percent of the population percent of the population living in the U.S. has diabetesliving in the U.S. has diabetes

14.6 million people diagnosed14.6 million people diagnosed 6.2 million people 6.2 million people

undiagnosedundiagnosed

Diabetes and the Diabetes and the African-African- American community American community 3.2 million or nearly 13percent 3.2 million or nearly 13percent

of all African-Americans aged 20 of all African-Americans aged 20 years or older have diabetesyears or older have diabetes

25 percent of African-Americans 25 percent of African-Americans between the ages of 65 and 74 between the ages of 65 and 74 are affectedare affected

It’s the 4th leading cause of It’s the 4th leading cause of death among the African-death among the African-American community.American community.

One in four African-American One in four African-American women over 55 years women over 55 years of age has diabetes. of age has diabetes.

What is What is Diabetes?Diabetes? Diabetes is a disease that occurs Diabetes is a disease that occurs

when the pancreas does not when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the the body cannot effectively use the insulin being produced, causing insulin being produced, causing the body to improperly use sugar.the body to improperly use sugar.

Types of Types of DiabetesDiabetes

Type 1 Type 1 Type 2Type 2 GestationalGestational

Who’s at risk?Who’s at risk?Type 2Type 2

Ethnicity plays a large factor. Being Ethnicity plays a large factor. Being of of African -American, American African -American, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian-Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian-American, Pacific Islander or American, Pacific Islander or Hispanic- American/LatinoHispanic- American/Latino descent increases a person’s risk. descent increases a person’s risk.

Being overweight or obese.Being overweight or obese. Having a family history of type 2 Having a family history of type 2

diabetes or gestational diabetes is a diabetes or gestational diabetes is a risk factor.risk factor.

Type 2 Type 2 CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Most common form of diabetesMost common form of diabetes Usually found in adults 40 years Usually found in adults 40 years

and older and older Becoming more common in young Becoming more common in young

people due to inactivity and the rise people due to inactivity and the rise in obesityin obesity

About 90 to 95 percent of people About 90 to 95 percent of people with diabetes have type 2 diabeteswith diabetes have type 2 diabetes

Type 2 Type 2 SymptomsSymptoms

Frequent infectionsFrequent infections Blurred visionBlurred vision Cuts and bruises that are slow Cuts and bruises that are slow

to healto heal Tingling or numbness in hands Tingling or numbness in hands

and feetand feet Recurring skin, gum or Recurring skin, gum or

bladder infectionsbladder infections

Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms

Warning signs in the Warning signs in the feet:feet: RednessRedness NumbnessNumbness SwellingSwelling Cold to touchCold to touch InflammationInflammation

Treating Type 2 Treating Type 2

Because type 2 diabetes is Because type 2 diabetes is often brought on by being often brought on by being overweight, it can normally be overweight, it can normally be controlled by a combination of controlled by a combination of good nutrition, good nutrition, exercise, blood glucose exercise, blood glucose monitoring and/or oral monitoring and/or oral medications.medications.

Diabetes Impact Diabetes Impact on the Feeton the Feet

If not properly treated, diabetes If not properly treated, diabetes can lead to many foot can lead to many foot complications:complications:

UlcersUlcers are a breakdown of skin are a breakdown of skin on the foot that is difficult heal on the foot that is difficult heal and often leads to infection.and often leads to infection.

NeuropathyNeuropathy causes numbness, causes numbness, burning or tingling and burning or tingling and diminishes sensation in the feet.diminishes sensation in the feet.

AmputationsAmputations occur as a result occur as a result ofof foot wounds and ulcers foot wounds and ulcers that do not heal. that do not heal.

Prevalence of Prevalence of Lower-limb Lower-limb

AmputationsAmputations Diabetes is the cause of more Diabetes is the cause of more

than than 60 percent60 percent of the non- of the non-traumatic lower-limb traumatic lower-limb amputations in the U.S.amputations in the U.S.

Amputation rates can be Amputation rates can be reduced by reduced by 45 percent to 8545 percent to 85 percentpercent simply by having a simply by having a comprehensive foot care comprehensive foot care program.program.

Importance of Early Importance of Early DetectionDetection

A simple foot exam can reveal the A simple foot exam can reveal the first signs and symptoms of first signs and symptoms of diabetes, and identify more diabetes, and identify more serious complications that could serious complications that could potentially lead to lower-limb potentially lead to lower-limb amputations.amputations.

Diabetes Is a Family Diabetes Is a Family AffairAffair

Since it can be genetic, the Since it can be genetic, the disease can impact entire disease can impact entire families. families.

APMA’s campaign encourages APMA’s campaign encourages patients to “knock their socks off” patients to “knock their socks off” during regular checkups to have during regular checkups to have their feet checked for signs and their feet checked for signs and symptoms of the disease.symptoms of the disease.

For More For More InformationInformation

For more information or to For more information or to locate a local APMA podiatric locate a local APMA podiatric physician, visit physician, visit www.apma.org and click on “find a and click on “find a podiatrist.”podiatrist.”

Visit Visit www.apma.org/diabetes to download campaign to download campaign materials.materials.