DeZoZoo Investigators Meeting 5 December 2012. What are we doing here today? What we said we would...
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Transcript of DeZoZoo Investigators Meeting 5 December 2012. What are we doing here today? What we said we would...
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DeZoZoo Investigators Meeting
5 December 2012
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What are we doing here today?
• What we said we would do.• What we actually did.• What does it mean.• What and how do we tell people
about it.
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Our goal
Develop a mechanistic understanding of how the behavior and fitness of copepods is influenced by hypoxia.
How are these effects expressed in the population abundance, distribution and trophic dynamics?
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Themes & Hypotheses
• Behavior, Distribution, and Abundance
• Organism Fitness• Copepod Mortality
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Behavior, distribution, and abundance
Hypothesis I:Low-oxygen bottom waters exercise control
over the vertical distribution and migration behavior of copepods.
Copepods may either avoid hypoxic waters or they may be found in hypoxic waters at least part of the day, moving between layers of low-oxygen water and overlying normoxic water.
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Organism Fitness
Hypothesis II:Low-oxygen bottom waters reduce the
fitness of copepods. Low-oxygen bottom waters may directly
reduce copepod fitness through physiological stress, but low dissolved oxygen also may indirectly enhance the fitness of copepods if their food is aggregated in layers within the oxycline.
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Copepod Mortality
Hypothesis III:Low-oxygen bottom waters increase
mortality rate by directly killing copepods and their eggs.
Alternatively, hypoxic bottom waters may increase the rate of copepod mortality indirectly by enhancing trophic interactions between copepods and their fish and jellyfish predators.
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Synthesis and comparative modeling
Individual based model of copepod foraging behavior in response to hypoxia
Based on Leising et al. (2005) and adapted for the Chesapeake and Acartia
Based on Gentleman et al 2009, Neuheimer et al 2010
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2010: DRY
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Hypoxia began in the upper bay and was prevalent by late May.
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Hypoxia and even anoxia was well developed in August.
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By late September hypoxia was beginning to dissipate.
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2011: WET
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May 2011: CTD survey instead of Scanfish, but it’s already fresh and
low DO
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July 2011: Anoxic, all around
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September 2011: Long scanfish survey, lots of low DO in upper bay…
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September 2011, 2nd survey: Low DO returning
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SOME OF THE MICROPLANKTON AND MOCNESS TOW DATA
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Microplankton biomass was high and composition differed between sites in
May 2010
Normoxic
Hypoxic
Courtesy Diane Stoecker
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Higher daytime oxygen, evidence of DVM at hypoxic site for A. tonsa
Due to equipment problems,
limited data for
normoxic site.
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Microplankton biomass was lower and communities were more similar in
August 2010
Normoxic
Hypoxic
Courtesy Diane Stoecker
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DVM of A. tonsa was most prevalent at hypoxic site in summer
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Microplankton biomass remained low and communities were similar in
September 2010
Normoxic
Hypoxic
Courtesy Diane Stoecker
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No evidence of DVM at normoxic station in Autumn for A. tonsa
Due to equipment problems, no data for
hypoxic site.
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Copepodites found in deep, hypoxic water more often than females
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Other data: e.g. ADCP
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NEXT: DAVID, MIKE, DIANE KATHERINE, MARY BETH, ED
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EXPANDING THE HORIZONS AND EXPANDING THE PARAMETERS
-”SOUNDS OF SCIENCE” BEASTIE BOYS 1989
Planning Science-Educator Partnership for summer 2011
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Broader Impacts
COSEE Scientist-Educator Partnership program• Middle or High School teacher at HPL for 6-
week residential program– Create an education module which will focus on
zooplankton (e.g. copepods) and their survival in coastal systems.
– Comprehensive dissemination of the modules via the web, hands-on workshops, and conferences
www.lifeinthedeadzone.org
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2 Scientist-Educator Teams
Each team consists of undergrad from Hampton University and a Teacher
• Plankton:http://teachoceanscience.net/teaching_resources/education_modules/plankton_-_aquatic_drifters/get_started/
• Marine Food Webs:http://teachoceanscience.net/teaching_resources/education_modules/aquatic_food_webs/get_started/
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Papers!