Development of Superconducting Magnets for Particle Accelerators and Detectors in High Energy...

Development of Superconducting Development of Superconducting Magnets for Particle Accelerators Magnets for Particle Accelerators and Detectors in High Energy and Detectors in High Energy PhysicsPhysics

Takakazu Shintomi and Akira Yamamoto

On behalf of US-Japan collaboration carried out with KEK, University of Tsukuba (Japan)and FNAL, BNL, LBNL (USA)

1US-Japan HEP Collaboration 30th Anniversary Symposium

Progress and Progress and AchievementAchievementYears Projects Contribution Progress Participation

1981 - 1996 High field dipoles

10 T dipole Nb3Sn dipoleSuperconductors

Champion data

Improvement of Jc

FNAL, BNL, LBNL, KEK

1980 CDF Central solenoid(prototype)

Longest stable operation

FNAL, U. Tsukuba, KEK

1988 - 1994 SSC Accelerator magnets 6.6 T 1m and 13 m dipoles

SSC, FNAL, BNL, LBNL, KEK

1989 - SDC detector solenoid 2 T, thin solenoid prototype

FNAL, KEK

1987 - 1993 Muon G-2 SR magnets andInflector

BNL, KEK

1995 - 2006 LHC IRQ FNAL, KEK, CERN (not funded by US-J)

2006 - LHC upgrade Nb3Al conductor and cabling

NIMS, FNAL, BNL, KEK, CERN(not funded by US-J)

2002 - 2004 J-PARC T2K, neutrino beam line Corrector magnet

Coil winding and Conductive cooling

BNL, KEK


ObjectiveObjective

To develop superconducting magnets for high energy accelerators and particle detectors

The program was performed between KEK and BNL, FNAL and LBNL since 1981 to present◦Development of superconducting accelerator

and detector magnets ◦Development of superconducting wires

And succeeded to further programs


Development of Superconducting Development of Superconducting MagnetsMagnets

High field magnets with Nb-Ti wire◦ 10 tesla dipole reached to Bm = 10.4 tesla (left)

◦ SSC dipole: 5 cm ID, 6.6 tesla, 13 m longHigh field magnets with Nb3Sn wire

◦ W&R race track coil: 800 mm long◦ Double shell dipole: 600 mm long, 132 mm ID (right)

Al stabilized SC coil, and inflector magnet for g-2 at BNL

10 T dipole

Nb3Sn dipole


g-2 Experiment at BNLg-2 Experiment at BNL

Ring SC CoilCross-Section View of Storage Ring

Inflector


Contribution to very high precision magnetic field inmain muon storage ring:- SC coil, Iron pole piece, and SC inflector

SSC Dipole Magnet R&DSSC Dipole Magnet R&D

Developed eleven 1 m model dipoles◦Successfully tested

Developed one 13 m full size dipole◦Successfully tested

and reached 6.6 tesla nominal magnetic field


Successive Programs in Successive Programs in 22ndnd Stage Stage

The program for the LHC insertion region quadrupole (IRQ) magnet started in 1995, and was completed successfully in 2006

The technologies achieved were succeeded to superconducting magnets for KEK-B IRQ, and the J-PARC neutrino beam line

Also, these technologies have been succeeded to magnet development for the LHC luminosity upgrade, high intensity muon beam, and so on


Collaboration with CERN for LHC-Collaboration with CERN for LHC-IRQIRQ

The collaboration for LHC Insertion Region Quadrupole (IRQ) magnets started in 1995 and was successfully completed in 2006 by collaboration with KEK, FNAL and CERN

Sixteen IRQ magnets plus four spares were fabricated

KEK designed and developed technologies which were transferred to an industry

KEK tested all the quads and they satisfied the LHC-IRQ requirements

The magnets were assembled into cryostat at FNAL and delivered to CERN on schedule


G = 215 T/m, Aperture = 70 mm, B ~ 9 T

L= 5.5 m (FNAL) or 6.37 m (KEK) Higher Order Multipoles < 1 unit (10-4) Beam Heating: 5 ~ 10 W/m

MQXA MQXB MQXAMQXB

6.372.985

5.5 5.52.715

6.37

MCBXAMCBXH/V

b3b6

MCBXMCBXH/V

MQSX

1.0

TASB

MCBXMCBXH/V

Q3 Q2 Q1

MCSOXa3a4b4

DFBX

IP

KEK KEKFNAL

LHC-IRQLHC-IRQ


LHC-IRQ ProductionLHC-IRQ Production

Production was on schedule in just 3years

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

ProductionTested at KEK

Month

Started 01-6

04-0103-0102-01

2004-6


LHC-IRQ Performance TestLHC-IRQ Performance Test• 1.9 K:• Training quench 230 T/m (~ 9 T)230 T/m (~ 9 T)• Full energy dump @215 T/m• Fast ramp test @150 A/s• Field measurement• To reach 220 T/m w/o quench• Electrical insulation test

1.5 kV @ 4.2 K He-gas


LHC-IRQ Quench HistoryLHC-IRQ Quench History

5000

6000

7000

8000

QuenchNo Quench

Quench Current (A)

MQXA-1 2 3 5 4

215 T/m

230 T/m

Quench Sequence

2b

Thermal cycle

Thermal cycle

7 106 9 8 111st T.C.

1912 13

Thermal cycle

14 15112nd

T.C.

16

Bore modification

17 18

Warm bore tube for field measurement attached to the coil and coil temperature increased

Quench history is one of the most important characteristics with field quality


SummarySummaryThe program for development of superconducting

magnets for high energy accelerators and particle detectors was successful and various technologies have been achieved

The technologies developed by the Japan-US Collaboration Program were succeeded to the Japan-CERN collaboration for LHC-IRQ

The successive programs such as the J-PARC neutrino beam line magnet stand on these technologies

The future programs for superconducting magnet development such as the LHC upgrade are important for high energy physics

The successful development of these programs is owing to the collaboration with industries


AppendicesAppendices


Development of Development of Superconducting WiresSuperconducting WiresDevelopment of Nb-Ti wire with industryDevelopment of Nb-Ti (Ta) wireDevelopment of Nb3Sn wire

for high field magnet beyond 10 teslaThe effort has been succeeded to develop Nb3Al wire for higher

field magnet0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Jc (kA/mm

2 @ 4.2K, 5T)

Year

Lab. scale

Commercial

Tevatron

SSC

Our achievement

LHC

Ni-Ti wire


LHC-IRQ Field QualityLHC-IRQ Field Quality

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

a6 a7 a8 a9 a10-2

-1

0

1

2

a3 a4 a5Multipole-coefficients

an, units

-2

-1

0

1

2

b3 b4 b5 b6Multipole coefficients

bn, units

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

b7 b8 b9 b10

AllowanceCoil oval deformation


LHC-IRQLHC-IRQ

Production , Test Assembly Installation ① ② ☞ ③ ☞ ④ ☞ ⑤

①

②

③

⑤

④


Development of Superconducting Magnets for Particle Accelerators and Detectors in High Energy...

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