Development of Development of Local and Scanning Local and Scanning Probe TechniquesProbe Techniques

Heinrich HoerberNanoBioPhysicsUniversity Bristol

200 nm

Haberle, W., J. K. H. Horber, and G. Binnig, 1991, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 9, 1210

Combining AFM and Combining AFM and optical microscopyoptical microscopyCombining AFM and Combining AFM and optical microscopyoptical microscopy

AFM image sequence of a pox virus release at the end of a microvillus

EM image by Stokes 1976

Scanning fast - making Scanning fast - making moviesmoviesScanning fast - making Scanning fast - making moviesmovies

Horber, J.K.H., et al., 1992, Scanning Microscopy 6, 919

Horber, J. K. H., W. Haberle and

B. Sakmann, 1995 Biophysical Journal 68, 1687

Combination with Combination with electro-physiological techniqueselectro-physiological techniquesCombination with Combination with electro-physiological techniqueselectro-physiological techniques

Koitschev, A., S. Fink, U. Rexhausen, K. Loffler, J. K. H. Horber, H. P. Zenner, J. R. Ruppersberg, and M. G. Langer, 2002, Hno 50, 464-469

AFM in hearing AFM in hearing researchresearchAFM in hearing AFM in hearing researchresearch

Cantilever Cantilever developmentdevelopmentCantilever Cantilever developmentdevelopment

IBM Research Laboratory RueschlikonM. Despont, G. Binnig, P. Vettiger and C. Gerber

Heat flow between Heat flow between cantilever and substratecantilever and substrate

Heat flow between Heat flow between cantilever and substratecantilever and substrate

Heat transfer throughcantilever arms (~4 mW)

Cantilever with heater

through tip in contact 50-500 nW

Through air to substrate (10-20 μW)

50-5000C

ΔR/R: 10-6–10-5/nm

2 μm

Lipid vesicles with reconstituted membrane proteins (SNAP25, B.Jena)

2 μm1 μm

SiC GaN

Metal connection on a storage chip structure underneath a SiO2 layer(Zarlink)

Cut through a transistor structure(M. Kubal)

Heat conductivityHeat conductivityHeat conductivityHeat conductivity

Haeberle, W, Pantea, M & Hoerber, JKH. 2006, Ultramicroscopy, 106 (8-9), 678

100 m 1 m

length 260 m, width 1 m, thickness 200 nm, spring constant 0.03 pN/nm

Smaller cantileversSmaller cantileversSmaller cantileversSmaller cantilevers

James Vicary

AFM with the cantilever AFM with the cantilever verticalverticalAFM with the cantilever AFM with the cantilever verticalvertical

Massimo Antognozzi, Arturas Ulcinas

Maximal cantilever bending

Molecular Motor Molecular Motor movementmovementMolecular Motor Molecular Motor movementmovement

Massimo Antognozzi, Tim Scholz

0.5 nm

200 nm

200 μm

0.02 N/m

Florin, E. L., A. Pralle, E. H. K. Stelzer, and J. K. H. Horber, 1998, Applied Physics A-Materials Science & Processing 66, S75

Spatial resolution Spatial resolution ~ 1nm~ 1nmTime resolution ~ 1Time resolution ~ 1μμsecsec

PPhotonic hotonic FForce orce MMicroscopyicroscopyPPhotonic hotonic FForce orce MMicroscopyicroscopy

Agarose polymer networkAgarose polymer network

Tischer, C. et al., 2001, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 3878

Thermal fluctuation Thermal fluctuation imagingimagingThermal fluctuation Thermal fluctuation imagingimaging

Membrane diffusion 2D / Membrane diffusion 2D / 3D3DMembrane diffusion 2D / Membrane diffusion 2D / 3D3D

Confining potential map

Viscosity map

Interaction map of an LDL Interaction map of an LDL receptorreceptorInteraction map of an LDL Interaction map of an LDL receptorreceptor

Parallelisation of Parallelisation of PFMPFMParallelisation of Parallelisation of PFMPFM

Producing many Producing many independent independent focused laser beamsfocused laser beams

Producing many Producing many independent independent focused laser beamsfocused laser beams

Nano-particles crossing Nano-particles crossing the cell membranethe cell membrane

Nano-particles crossing Nano-particles crossing the cell membranethe cell membrane

Types of nano-Types of nano-particlesparticlesTypes of nano-Types of nano-particlesparticles

Gold nano-particles Gold nano-particles

interacting with interacting with lightlight

Gold nano-particles Gold nano-particles

interacting with interacting with lightlight

Nearfield fluorescence Nearfield fluorescence excitationexcitationNearfield fluorescence Nearfield fluorescence excitationexcitation

Raman Spectroscopy

Chemical sensingChemical sensingChemical sensingChemical sensing

Surface EnhancedRaman Spectroscopy

Nano-Sensors (Scanning Probe Microscopies)

Nano-toxicology

Nano-medicine (markers, drug delivery)

Nano-particles - areas of interestNano-particles - areas of interest