Development of Design Criteria for Low ... - One Water Ohio · 1. Project Background. a. Lack of...
Transcript of Development of Design Criteria for Low ... - One Water Ohio · 1. Project Background. a. Lack of...
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Zuzana Bohrerova1, Megan Patterson1,2, Tim Wolfe2 and Linda Weavers1
1 Ohio Water Resources Center and Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, OSU 2Stantec
Development of Design Criteriafor Low-Pressure Membrane
Filtration
One Water Conference, Regulatory Session, Columbus, OH
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1. Project Backgrounda. Lack of Innovation in Small PWSsb. Project Overviewc. Plan Approval Process in Ohio
2. Selected Emerging Technologya. Emerging Technology Selectionb. Overview of Microfiltration / Ultrafiltration (MF/UF)
3. Initial Thoughts in Development of Design Criteria
Presentation Overview
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Nationwide discussion to improve innovation b/cInnovation:• Improves finished water quality
better public heath outcomes• Reduces cost
Technology Innovation Challengingin the Water Industry
Barriers
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Ohio AWWA Technology Committee - TOC, Microcystin, Taste & Odor, Giardia, Crypto,
corrosion control, Mn, etc.
Procedures for Ancillary Contaminants
Ohio WRC + Advisory
Committees
Design Criteria for an
Emerging Technology
Design Criteria for Additional
Technologies?
PWS
Com
plia
nce
Ancillary contaminants – IN PARALLEL
Emerging Technology – OUR PROJECT
High Water Quality at Reasonable Cost
Project Overview
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Ohio WRC Develops Emerging
Technology Design Criteria
Ohio EPA Adopts Design
Criteria as Supplement
to TSS
Joint presentation of process
to GLUMRB
Potential Impacts Beyond Ohio
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Plan Approval in Ohio
Detail Plans of Emerging Tech.
1) “Lower” Capital Cost2) “Appropriate” Tech
Ohio EPA Plan Approval of “Emerging Tech.”
Demonstration Study Protocol
Demonstration Study Report
Ohio EPA Demonstration Study ApprovalConduct Expensive Pilot- / Bench-Scale Study
With Guidelines
Detail Plans of TSS (Conv) Technologies
“Higher” Project Capital Cost
Ohio EPA Plan Approval of “Conv Tech”
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Plan Approval in Ohio
Detail Plans of Emerging Tech.
Project Construction and Commissioning
Ohio EPA Plan Approval of “Emerging Tech.”
Possibly Conduct Inexpensive Full-Scale Demo Study(i.e., to Increase Component Capacity)
With Design Criteria from Our Project
1) “Lower” Demo Study and Capital Costs
2) “More Appropriate” Treatment Technology
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Steps to Develop Design Criteria for Selected Emerging Technology
Performance Criteria
• Review approval criteria and best practices• Determine critical operating parameter
Pilot- and Full-Scale
Data
• Collect data from manufacturers and operating facilities• Determine how much data for how long for statistical
proof
Design Criteria
• Use analysis results to define design criteria• Finalize criteria for plan approval with OEPA
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Emerging Technology Subcommittee developed list of technologies that required demonstration:
Subcommittee narrowed list to 3 promising technologies (bold), based on: Potential benefit to small and medium Ohio PWSs Presence of existing full-scale systems to base design criteria
• RO Membranes• Anion Exchange• Proprietary Media for
Arsenic Removal• Rapid Sand Filter• Ballasted Flocculation
and Sedimentation• Superpulsators
• Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF)• Multi-tech• Catridge Filters• Microfiltration/ Ultrafiltration• Tablet Chlorinators• Ozone• MIEX
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Microfiltration/Ultrafiltration (MF/UF)• Requested for plan approval by
many small and medium PWS’s• Currently requires pilot-scale
demonstration study prior to design• Numerous installations for many
years
Selected Emerging Technology
Byesville, OH
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Why use MF/UF?
1. Particle / TSS removal – SIZE EXCLUSIONa. Cryptosporidium / Giardia – typical membrane removes
>6.0-logb. Most bacteria removedc. Some demonstrated removal of
virusesi. MF – 0.5-2.5-logii. UF – 1.0-6.0-log
d. Physical barrier to particle passage
Salmonella 0.4 – 2 µm
Giardia 6 – 10 mm
Rotavirus 60 nm
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12• MF classified by pore size in microns (µ)• UF classified by molar mass (g/mol) or Dalton Molecular Weight Cut Off (MWCO)
Principle of Filtration –Size Exclusion
Microfiltration
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13• MF classified by pore size in microns (µ)• UF classified by molar mass (g/mol) or Dalton Molecular Weight Cut Off (MWCO)
Principle of Filtration –Size Exclusion
Ultrafiltration
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Pore Size of Example UF Membranes
UF TorayPVDF Hollow Fiber
UF SUEZ ZeeweedPVDF Hollow Fiber
Inge MultiborePES
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How Membranes Work
Rapid Sand Filter Membrane
Feed Concentrate
Permeate
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Flux – flow of permeate, i.e., the water passing through the membrane, per unit area of membrane (g/ft2d or l/m2h)
Like granular media filtration rate, Flux is a velocity
MF/UF typical flux 50-100 g/ft2 d
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Transmembrane Pressure (TMP)
TMP - Difference in pressure between feed and permeate of membrane (psi)• Typically 3-15 psi• There is no significant difference between the
range of pressures at which MF and UF operate
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Characteristics of Membranes that Can Affect Flux
• Configuration• Flow regime• Material
Hoek et al., 2017, Water Planet, Review
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Initial Focus of Design Criteria: FLUX
Initial Focus: DesignFLUX
Considers operational
factors -irreversible fouling and
cleaning
Design value based on current
operational and scientific
data
Considers membrane
characteristics
Considers influent
water quality
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• Project Lead: Megan Patterson, Zuzana Bohrerova, Linda Weavers and Tim Wolfe
• Core Advisory Committee: Avon Lake Regional Water
Greater Cincinnati Water WorksCleveland Division of WaterColumbus Division of WaterNewark Water Department
Ohio EPAWesterville Water Department
USEPA
• Technical Advisors: Rob Shoaf, AECOM, Joe Jacangelo, Stantec
Acknowledgements
Project Funding - OWDA
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Acknowledgements
Ohio Water Resources Center• Enables and conducts water resources research, • Fosters collaboration among water professionals,• Trains the next generation of water scientists, • Educates the public on water resources issues
in the State of Ohio.
wrc.osu.edu#Ohio_WRC
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Thank you!!Questions?