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![Page 1: Development of an optimal calibration strategy for trace gas measurements Mark Battle (Bowdoin College) Zane Davis, Ryan Hart, Jayme Woogerd, Jacob Scheckman,](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551bebad550346b9588b6331/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Development of an optimal calibration strategy for trace
gas measurements
Mark Battle (Bowdoin College)
Zane Davis, Ryan Hart, Jayme Woogerd, Jacob Scheckman, Eric Sofen, Becca Perry, John
Carpenter.
Special thanks: Britt Stephens (NCAR), Ralph Keeling (SIO), Bill Munger (Harvard) Mary Lou Zeeman (Cornell/Bowdoin)
CompSust09 June 11, 2009
Funding from: DOE, Bowdoin College
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Outline
• Structure of a measurement program
• What measurements might tell us• Example of one such program• Call for help
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Measuring the composition of air
• Precision vs. Accuracy
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Precision vs. Accuracy
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Measuring the composition of air
• Precision vs. Accuracy• Differential measurements
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Benefits of differential measurements
Initial Group
1001 Women
Final group
1002 Women
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Benefits of differential measurements
Initial Group
1001 Women
Final group
1002 Women
Absolute changesInitial # women: 1001Final # women: 1002
Change in women: 0.1%
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Benefits of differential measurements
Initial Group
999 Men1001 Women
Final group
999 Men1002 Women
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Benefits of differential measurements
Initial Group
999 Men1001 Women
Final group
999 Men1002 Women
Differential changesInitial gender diff: 2Final gender diff: 3
Change in gender diff: 33%
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Benefits of differential measurements
Initial Group
999 Men1001 Women
Final group
999 Men1002 Women
Absolute changesInitial # women: 1001Final # women: 1002
Change in women: 0.1%
Differential changesInitial gender diff: 2Final gender diff: 3
Change in gender diff: 33%
![Page 11: Development of an optimal calibration strategy for trace gas measurements Mark Battle (Bowdoin College) Zane Davis, Ryan Hart, Jayme Woogerd, Jacob Scheckman,](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551bebad550346b9588b6331/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Measuring the composition of air
• Precision vs. Accuracy• Differential measurements • Measure samples relative to
“standards”
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Challenges of differential measurements
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Challenges of differential measurements
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Challenges of differential measurements
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Challenges of differential measurements
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Challenges of differential measurements
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Measuring the composition of air
• Precision vs. Accuracy• Differential measurements• Measure samples relative to
“standards”• Instrumental response
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Impact of instrumental non-linearity
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Metric
Precision & Accuracy
Constraints
Instrument time is preciousStandard air is precious
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In summary:
Optimally combine many analyses of many standards to create a virtual standard against which all samples
are measured.
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Connecting to the real world:
Measuring O2 and CO2
to constrain the carbon cycle
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Where does anthropogenic CO2 end up?
Values for 2000-2006 Canadell et al. PNAS 2007
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How do we know these numbers?
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How do we know these numbers?
• Record CO2 emissions
• Measure CO2 in the atmosphere
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How do we know these numbers?
• Record CO2 emissions
• Measure CO2 in the atmosphere
• Measure CO2 in the oceans• Estimate from small-scale land
measurements• Infer from spatial pattern and
isotopes of atmospheric CO2
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How do we know these numbers?
• Record CO2 emissions
• Measure CO2 in the atmosphere
• Measure CO2 in the oceans• Estimate from small-scale land
measurements• Infer from spatial pattern and
isotopes of atmospheric CO2
• Measure atmospheric O2
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The link between O2 and CO2
CO2 = Land biota + Industry + Ocean O2 = Land biota + Industry
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The link between O2 and CO2
CO2 = Land biota + Industry + Ocean O2 = Land biota + Industry
![Page 29: Development of an optimal calibration strategy for trace gas measurements Mark Battle (Bowdoin College) Zane Davis, Ryan Hart, Jayme Woogerd, Jacob Scheckman,](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551bebad550346b9588b6331/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
The link between O2 and CO2
CO2 = Land biota + Industry + Ocean O2 = Land biota + Industry
![Page 30: Development of an optimal calibration strategy for trace gas measurements Mark Battle (Bowdoin College) Zane Davis, Ryan Hart, Jayme Woogerd, Jacob Scheckman,](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551bebad550346b9588b6331/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
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Goog
le m
aps
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The equipment
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The equipment
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Real data
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Real data
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Real data
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Summary
• Important questions require excellent atmospheric measurements
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Summary
• Important questions require excellent atmospheric measurements
• Excellent measurements require intelligent weighting of experimental evidence
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Summary
• Important questions require excellent atmospheric measurements
• Excellent measurements require intelligent weighting of experimental evidence
• I have abundant data. Intelligence, on the other hand…
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