DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF STANDARDS AND ACCREDITATION IN NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAM

BY:- firoz qureshiDept. psychiatric

nursing

1. WHAT SHOULD WE DO IN ORDER TO IMPROVE QUALITY?

2. How can you maintain standards in nursing?

3. How can you start a new nursing education program?

INTRODUCTIONAll professionals have one thing in common,

that is concern for the quality of their service, which is ensured by developing and enforcing the standards.

Two important ways of setting standards are accreditation of the education program & the professional licensure.

INTRODUCTION

The program of action of the national policy on education(NPE) 1986, has proposed the establishment of an Accreditation & Assessment Council (AAC) for maintaining & raising the quality of the institution of higher education.

DEFINITIONS

STANDARDS: it is defined as a required or agreed level of quality to be attained.

-oxford dictionaryACCREDITATION: it is establishment of the

status, legitimacy or appropriateness of an institution program or module of the study.

‘accreditation’ refers to a voluntary review process of educational programs by a professional organization

PURPOSE Maintenance of adequate admission

requirement. Maintenance of minimum accademic

standards. Stimulation of institutional self

improvements. Protection of institutions of higher

education against educationally & socially harmful pressure.

FUNCTIONS OF ACCREDITATION

It aims to protect autonomy of various health service program.

It preserves the quality of nursing education

It protects public from ill- prepared nurses.

It grants recognition to schools & colleges.

REQUIREMENTS FOE ACCREDITATION

i. Developing a statement of program mission, goals & outcomes.

ii. Conducting a self study about the extent to which outcomes are being attained.

iii. Undergoing on- site review by an external group of peers.

iv. Being reviewed and the site report of the peer reviewers & makes recommendations for accreditation.

PRINCIPLE AREAS TO BE ASSESSED FOR ACCREDITATION

Institutional mission & objectives Evaluation & planning Organization & governance Program of instruction Special activities Faculty

PRINCIPLE AREAS TO BE ASSESSED FOR ACCREDITATION

Student services Library & learning resources Physical resources Financial resources Advertising & publication

TYPES OF ACCREDITATION AGENCIES

The NATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND ACCREDITATION COUNCIL (NAAC) :

It is an autonomous body established by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of India to assess and accredit institutions of higher education in the country.

It is an outcome of the recommendations of the National Policy in Education (1986) which laid special emphasis on upholding the quality of higher education in India.

Cont.. To address the issues of quality, the National

Policy on Education (1986) and the Plan of Action (POA-1992) advocated the establishment of an independent national accreditation body. Consequently, the NAAC was established in 1994 with its headquarters at Bangalore.

TYPES OF ACCREDITATION

1. INITIAL ACCREDITATION: Granted when the program is in compliance with

all standards for a new program. Permission is granted to admit students & the next review is in the final semester of the first class in conjunction with the initial national review.

Denied when program does not meet all standards for a new program. The program may reapply at any time.

TYPES OF ACCREDITATION2. CONTINUING ACCREDITATION: All standards are met. The next review is in

conjunction with the next national visit. Full accreditation with recommendations. The

program meets all except one or two standards. A performance improvement plan must be submitted within 3 months. The program must be in compliance within one year.

TYPES OF ACCREDITATION Accreditation with a statement of warning, if the

program does not meet three or more standards or the performance improvement plan has not resulted in compliance with standards. A follow up focused visit is scheduled within 2 years.

3. WITHDRAWAL OF ACCREDITATION: if the program is not in compliance within the time frame allowed in the statement of warning, accreditation will be withdrawn.

CRITERIA FOR APPRAISAL PURPOSE OF CRITERIA: To assist the college by serving as a guide to

faculty in developing & improving educational programs and as a framework for self evaluation.

To assist the accrediting body in the appraisal of educational programs in terms of the philosophy of the purposes of the school.

CRITERIA FOR APPRAISAL

The criteria were developed with the understanding that they should be:

Attainable and at the same time provide a frame of reference for future goals.

Sufficiently specific to serve as standards and as guidelines for operation.

Sufficiently broad to encourage critical thinking, to activate change, to allow for variation among schools, and to foster experimentation and the development of new ideas.

CRITERIA FOR APPRAISAL

OUTLINE: Philosophy, purpose and objectives Organization and administration Faculty composition, qualification and functions Curriculum and instruction Resources, facilities and services Students Evaluation of the program

DEGREE OF MASTER OF NURSING PHILOSOPHY: The program prepares nurses for

leadership position in nursing and health fields who can function as specialist nurse practitioners, consultants, educators, administrators and investigators in a wide variety of professional setting in meeting the national priorities and the changing needs of the society.

DEGREE OF MASTER OF NURSING

The programme prepares nursing graduates who are professionally equipped, creative, self-directed and socially motivated to effectively deal with day to day problems within the existing constraints and this act as an agent of social change.

OBJECTIVES Increased cognitive, affective and psychomotor

competencies. Expertise in the utilization of concepts and theories for the

assessment, planning and intervention in meeting the self care needs of an individual.

Ability to practice independently as nurse specialist. Ability to function effectively as educators and

administrators. Ability to interpret health related research and conduct

research. Leadership qualities for the advancement of the practice of

professional nursing.

ORGANIZATION& ADMINISTRATION Adequate and stable financial support. The policies in effect for faculty members of the

college are those in effect for faculty members throughout the institution.

The program is administered by a nurse educator who provides leadership and who holds a doctoral degree or has a specific plan for securing doctoral preparation.

The faculty conducts planned periodic evaluations of the organization and administration.

ORGANIZATION& ADMINISTRATION The college is given administrative authority and

responsibility consonant with the general policies of the institution relating to the following:

i. Selection & recommendation of candidates for faculty appointment, promotion & tenure.

ii. Development & conduct of the educational programs.

iii. Preparation & administration of the budget of the unit.

iv. Maintenance & appropriate use of personnel, educational and business records.

FACULTY COMPOSITION,QUALIFICATION & FUNCTIONS

All faculty members are academically and professionally qualified in that:

i. They hold a masters degree as minimal preparation.ii. They meet the institution’s requirement for faculty

appointment.iii. They maintain expertness in their clinical & functional

areas of specialization. The institution seeks to increase the number of nursing

of faculty who hold a relevant doctoral degree or are engaged in doctoral study.

FACULTY COMPOSITION,QUALIFICATION & FUNCTIONS

The faculty members are sufficient in number to:i. Carry out educational programii. Permit continuity and coordination in curriculum offerings.iii. Permit the planning, the implementation and the evaluation

of learning experiences essential to the purpose of the program.

iv. Provide individual academic guidance and counseling.v. Permit time for research, writing, continued development

as a teacher scholar, improvement of clinical skills, and participation in other activities that advance nursing and education.

FACULTY COMPOSITION,QUALIFICATION & FUNCTIONS

Through its ongoing activities, the faculty:i. Contributes new knowledge through research and

writing.ii. Shares in the responsibilities and participates in the

activities of the total faculty of the institutioniii. Participates in organizations that advance the

profession of nursing and education.

CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION

Criteria common to programs that lead to the first professional degree and to those that lead to advanced professional degrees.

a. The education policies of college of nursing are consistent with those of the institution.

b. The curriculum reflects the philosophy and the purposes of the college and implements the objectives of the program.

c. There is rationale for the selection and distribution of courses and for the selection and distribution of courses and for the selection of theoretical and laboratory content in nursing courses.

CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION

The courses are planned on the academic term basis common to the institution.

The learning experiences and the methods of instruction provide opportunity.

Learning experience promotes critical thinking and synthesis of learning is utilized in teaching-learning process.

The faculty conducts ongoing evaluation of its curriculum content and instructional techniques.

CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION

Criteria pertaining t programs that lead to advanced professional degrees.

a. Nursing is the major focus of the program.b. Use is made of cognate subjects relevant to the area

of specialization.c. Opportunities are provided for the development and

the testing of theories pertinent to nursing and its practice.

d. Preparation as a clinical specialist, a teacher, a supervisor, an administrator, etc.

RESOURCES, FACILITIES AND SERVICES

The resources, facilities and the services of the institution are available to and used by the college of nursing.

These are adequate to the needs of the faculty and the students and to the number and the type of programs in nursing offered.

The physical facilities of the college of nursing are adequate to the need of the instructional program and to the size of the faculty and the student body:

RESOURCES, FACILITIES AND SERVICES

i. Offices of the administrator, the other faculty members and the staff.

ii. Classroom, laboratories and conference roomsiii. Adequate space for research that require physical space.iv. Storage space for equipment and instructional materials. Students in nursing share in the academic, cultural,

recreational and personal resources and services available to all students in the institution.

The faculty conducts periodic evaluations of its resources and facilities.

STUDENTS

Eligibility- the candidate seeking admission must: Have passed BSc Nursing/ post certificate BSc Nursing Have a minimum of 1 year of experience after obtaining

degree in hospital or nursing educational institutions or community health settings.

For BSc nursing post certificate no such experience is needed after graduation

The candidate shall be a registered nurse and registered midwives

The candidates shall be selected on merit judged on the basis of academic performance in BSc nursing/ post BSc nursing and selection test.

FACULTY APPOINTMENT, PROMOTION AND TENURE

Faculty is appointed by the governing body of the college or university and is responsible, in cooperation with the administration of the institution, for teaching, scholarship and services.

Criteria for promotion and tenure are based on the institution’s overall mission and thus vary among institutions.

EVALUATION OF THE PROGRAM

The self evaluation report needs to be submitted by a faculty to the board of review which should include following:

A description of method and the procedures used by a faculty in the appraisal of its program, including evidence of participation by students & graduates.

A description of the outcomes of the self-evaluation study, including strengths & limitations identified by the faculty and plans for future development.

Thank you