Developing Immigrants’ Literacy and Essential Skills

Summary of the Background Report on Quebec

Presented by: Ms. Anne-Marie Choquette, Project Manager, PROMIS

Topics

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• Immigration in Quebec • Francophone immigrants in Quebec

• Education • Unemployment • Wages

• Statistics on the training centers identified in the province

• Portrait of the participants in the action research.

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Fast growing immigration

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Number of immigrants per year (Index, 2005 = 100)

• Demographic decline and a shortage of skilled labour has pushed Quebec to make immigration a key element of its economic development policies.

• One of the fastest immigrant growth among the Canadian provinces.

Source: Cansim Table 051-0037.

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Its share of its immigration population in Canada is smaller than its share of the total population

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Share of immigrants vs share of population (in %)

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Provincial population as a % of the total Canadian population

Number of immigrants in the province as a % of the total immigrant population in Canada

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One of the youngest immigrant population

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

Average age of immigrants in Quebec

38

40

42

44

46

48

50

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Origin of immigrants is very different from tha tof the rest of Canada

6 Source: Statistics Canada, National Household Survey, 2011, reproduced from Boudarbat and Grenier (2014)

Main countries of origin of new immigrants since 2001

(a) Quebec

(b) Canada

France

Morocco

Algeria

P.R.C.

Haiti

7,000

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0

P.R.C.

Philippines

India

U.S.

U.K..

45,000 40,000 35,000

30,000 25,000

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

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Quebec attracts the largest proportion of Francophone immigrants in Canada

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

Distribution of immigrants in Canada who can speak French

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Immigrants are less educated than in the rest of Canada

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

Average number of years of education of

immigrants

11,5

12

12,5

13

13,5

14

14,5

15

15,5

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Immigrants : Higher unemployment rate and lower income than non-immigrants

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

Income (In thousands of $) : Non-

immigrants vs Immigrants (2011)

Unemployment rate (in %) : Non-

immigrants vs Immigrants (2011)

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Unilingual Anglophone immigrants are the most prosperous

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

Unemployment rate of Unilingual and

Allophone immigrants (in %)

Average income of Unilingual and

Allophone immigrants (in thousands of $)

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Quebec is the only province where immigrants are less prosperous than non-immigrants in every category (according to language)

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

Difference between immigrant and non-immigrant incomes (in %)

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Training centers and their partners

• 108 literacy and essential skills training centers were identified in Quebec

• 10 partners participated in the action research: • Actions interculturelles de développement et d’éducation (AIDE),

Sherbrooke • CEGEP de Drummondville, Drummondville • Centre d’appui aux communautés immigrantes de Bordeaux-Cartierville,

Montréal • Centre d’éducation populaire de l’Estrie, Sherbrooke • Centre St-Michel, Sherbrooke • Centre William Hingston, Montréal • Collège Maisonneuve, Montréal • École Ste-Thérèse, Drummondville • Famille Espoir, Sherbrooke • Promotion Intégration Société Nouvelle (PROMIS), Montréal

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Employers followed

• In total, 96 employers were followed

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Breakdown of employers followed (Quebec)

Unemployed-Pursued training

9%

Unemployed- Control 12%

Employed-Pursued training

54%

Employed- Control 25%

Total : 96

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Immigrants participating in the action research

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• In total, in Quebec, 544 immigrants answered the first questionnaire.

• Of these, 504 were retained for analysis.

• The largest proportion of immigrants who answered the first questionnaire and were retained for analysis is the Unemployed-Pursued training group.

Breakdown of immigrants who answered the first

questionnaire

Breakdown of immigrants retained for analysis

Unemployed- Pursued training

50%

Unemployed- Control

15%

Employed-Pursued training

26%

Employed- Control

9%

Total : 544

Sans emploi-En formation

50%

Sans emploi-Témoin

16%

En emploi-En formation

25%

En emploi-Témoin

9%

Total : 504

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Types of training

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• Almost 95 percent of the training courses pursued in Quebec (and retained for analysis) were in Francization. • None of the training courses pursued were in English as a Second

Language.

Breakdown of the types of training in Quebec

Types of Training Unemployed- In training Employed- In training Francization (Beginner) 80 25 Francization (Intermediate) 79 68 Francization (advanced) 75 31 English as a Second Language

(Beginner) 0 0 English as a Second Language

(Intermediate) 0 0 English as a Second Language

(Advanced) 0 0 Computing (Beginner) 20 1

Total 254 125

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We are at your disposal should you need addition information.

Actions interculturelles de développement et d’éducation (AIDE)

465, rue Lawford, Sherbrooke (Québec) J1G 2C2

Telephone : 1 819 822-4180

Fax : 1 819 822-4415

Website : www.aide.org

E-mail address : aide@aide.org