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![Page 1: Determining the scale of biologically important local adaptation in Atlantic salmon using a common garden experimental approach Ciar O’Toole 2 nd Year.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062800/56649e045503460f94af003e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Determining the scale of biologically important local adaptation in Atlantic salmon using a common garden experimental approach
Ciar O’Toole
2nd Year PhD student, BEES.
Supervisors: Dr P. McGinnity,
Professor T. Cross.
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Outline
• Background to project
• Experimental design
• Extreme event July 2009
• Some preliminary results
• Concluding remarks
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Question?
• Is this observed qualitative variation important from a quantitative point of view, i.e. locally adaptative?
• At what scale does it operate?
• Theoretical population models suggest L.A. unlikely at small geographical scales - Adkison (1995) Can.J.F.Aquat. Sci.
• Previous empirical study suggests it may exist at very small geographical scales– McGinnity et al. (2004) J. Fish Biol.
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Fitness variation between
neighbouring populations
McGinnity et al. (2004) J. Fish Biol
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Experimental set-up
• Collection of broodstock December 2008
• Stripping of fish and creation of families:– Owenmore ♀ x Owenmore ♂– Burrishoole ♀ x Burrishoole ♂– Burrishoole ♀ x Owenmore ♂– Owenmore ♀ x Burrishoole ♂
• 4 groups of 13 families
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Experimental set-up
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Experimental set-up
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Site Location
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Monitoring-Rough River trap
• Downstream-daily: – Salmon fry
(3068 collected 1st year)– Salmon parr & Brown trout
• Length• Weight• Genetic sample
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Genetic analysis
• Parentage analysis – broodstock
• Microsatellites – 10 loci– 2210, 2216, 171, 306, 197, SSOSL85,
170, D71, mhc 1, mhc 2.
• PAPA software for parentage assignment– Duchesne et al. (2002)
female
male
1 2
parents offspring
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Planned work using genetic based parentage id
• Compare at group & family level:– survival to end of 1st summer and at smolt stage– performance in terms of size at age & condition– dispersal/migration as measured in fish to the trap– propensity for mature male parr
• Estimate lifetime fitness– release of hatchery fish as smolts, egg to egg survival
• Look at QTL’s & related contribution to performance e.g…… – immune response genes (MHC I & II)– temperature control of metabolism (MEP-2*)– plethora of emerging SNPs
female
male
1 2
parents offspring
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Rough River flood 2nd July 2009
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Pro
port
ion
of f
ish
Length (cm)
Weight (g)Le
ngth
(cm
)W
eigh
t (g
)
Rough River flood 2nd July 2009
1,081 2,543
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Dispersal
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Summary
• Expectation - evidence of additive contribution to fitness (based on hybrids - should be intermediate for range of traits) would be good indication local adaptation
• Early days - (approx 4,500 fry and parr from trap/ electrofishing/storm/smolts)
• Some hints for adaptation from previous work:– Climate – winter temperature (McGinnity et al. 2009, P.R.S.B)
– Pathogenic load – innate resistance local pop (deEyto et al. 2007, P.R.S.B)
– Optimising habitat use - dispersal (McGinnity et al. 2004, J. Fish. Biol.)
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Management context
• If local adaptation is occurring on such small spatial scales:Consequences for:
• Stocking• Importance of
escapes• Biodiversity
management of the species
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This Beaufort Marine Research Award is carried out under the Sea Change Strategy and the Strategy for Science Technology and Innovation (2006-2013), with the support of the Marine Institute, funded under the Marine Research Sub-Programme of the National Development Plan 2007–2013.
Beaufort Marine Research Award in Fish Population Genetics
Acknowledgements:
Deirdre Cotter, Sarah McEvoy, Russell Poole, Ken Whelan, Sarah Healy, Jamie Coughlan, Jens Carlsson, Eileen Dillane, Mary Cross and
the staff of the Marine Institute, Newport, Co. Mayo.