Destilatorji Eliksirjev Tanja Vujinović

Instalacije Vrt pilule eliksirja, Spiritus Agens, Eliksir stroj in Eliksir postaja (objekti, generativni računalniški programi, elektronika)

Avtor: Tanja Vujinović Produkcija: Ultramono, 2018

Koproducenti: MMC KIBLA Multimedijski center KIBLA, Maribor Izvršni producenti: Tanja Vujinović, Jan Kušej (Ultramono)

Produkcija in PR pomoč: Urška Comino Računalniški programi, elektronika, objekti: Tanja Vujinović, Miloš Roglić, Borut Savski, Stefan Doepner, Pero Kolobarić, Roman Bevc,

Bevec d.o.o. Projekt je bil realiziran s pomočjo: Oddelka za kulturo Mestne občine Ljubljana, MZK Republike Slovenije.

Svetovalci: Jan Kušej, Lenart Krajnc, Derek Sneider, Urška Dremelj, Stefan Doepner, Borut Savski, Jelena Guga, Miloš Roglić, Maja Kodre, Tomaž Smrtnik, Aleksander Rečnik, Aleš Rode

Generativni segment instalacije Vrt pilul eliksirja uporablja Lao Tzujevo besedilo Tao Te Ching, ki ga je prevedel Tim Chilcott, 2005 (www.tclt.org.uk)

V instalaciji Spiritus Agens je uporabljen prevajalnik v Morsejevo abecedo, ki ga je razvil Stephen C. Phillips, https://morsecode.scphillips.com/translator.html

Album Eliksir postaje vsebuje citate iz “Knjige devet eliksirjev”, ki jo je prevedel Fabrizio Pregadio (http://www.goldenelixir.com/press/occ_02_nine_elixirs.html), in dela Samuela Hahnemanna “Materia Medica Pura”

Destilatorji eliksirjev so instalacije, ki se ukvarjajo z gradnjo tehnološkega “drugega”, pri čemer se poslužujejo različnih antropomorfnih in abstraktnih agentov. Razstava je del večletnega projekta Antropomorfni stroji, ki je nastal ob dvajseti obletnici ustvarjanja umetnice Tanje Vujinović. Zaobjema monografijo in serijo razstav, ki so delno preglednega značaja, skozi nove in prvič prikazane instalacije o eliksirjih pa povzema ključno v temah, ki opredeljujejo njena dela. Od starodavnih mitoloških bitij do agentov, ki nam omogočajo simulirati inteligenco v domenah virtualnega, ta nastajajoča bitja prehajajo skozi resnična, utopična in distopična kraljestva. Dela raziskujejo različne vloge tehnoloških dejavnikov, od taoističnih nesmrtnih, telesnih in podobnih subjektov, ki so del grške mitologije, prek palčkov, avtomatov, avatarjev ali robotov vse do

sodobnih kreacij umetne inteligence, s katerimi poskušamo posnemati značilnosti človeške zavesti.

Konceptualno zasnovana objekta A in B, ki se pojavljata v projektu, sta navdihnila zgodovina antropomorfizacije; zato sta, kot bi zapisala Sherry Turkle, "predmeta s pomočjo katerih mislimo”. Objekt A predstavlja našo težnjo k ustvarjanju sintetičnega bitja, medtem ko objekt B zastopa človeško bitje v prehodnem stanju - robomorfno bitje, ki postaja kiborg. Skozi zgodovino je prizadevanje tako za filozofski in duhovni kot tudi dejanski "eliksir življenja" motiviralo in prineslo nešteto eksperimentov in del v proto-znanstvenih kontekstih ter filozofiji, religiji in mitologiji.

V instalaciji Spiritus Agens, ki sodi v ta projekt, alkohol teče skozi objekt A in nato kaplja v vsebnik, ki hrani drugi objekt - objekt B, ta je potopljen v predelano alkoholno “kvintesenco". Z

uporabo Morsejeve abecede Objekt B oddaja »signal življenja« v obliki znane izjave »Še vedno sem živ«, izposojene od znanega konceptualnega umetnika On Kaware, ki je izjavo prvi uporabil v svojem umetniškem delu. Instalacija zastavlja vprašanje, kako bodo prihodnje tehnologije reševale proces naravnega staranja človeškega telesa in ali bo alkohol (ali katerakoli druga od številnih substanc, ki so že na voljo) ključnega pomena za spreminjanje omenjanih procesov, na primer inovativna uporaba nanodelcev za modifikacijo človeške DNK. Legendarni in tudi ekscentrični znanstvenik Nikola Tesla, znan po svojih izumih in številnih napovedih razvoja prihodnjih tehnologij, je v enem izmed svojih intervjujev dejal, da je alkohol nekakšen eliksir življenja. Mnogi alkemisti, predhodniki sodobnih znanstvenikov, so alkoholu pripisovali vse sorte lastnosti in ga obravnavali kot "kvintesenco življenja", še posebej, če je bil destiliran sedemkrat. Točen postopek za pripravo te mitske snovi je opisan v knjigi Quintessence iz 15. stoletja. Alkemiki zdravilci so poskušali iztisniti in izolirati to snov, da bi jo lahko uporabljali pri proizvodnji zdravil - zaradi svoje kozmične čistosti naj bi ta "kvintesenca" zdravila vse bolezni. Aqua vita ali voda življenja, arhaično in generično ime za vse vrste alkoholnih destilatov, izvira iz Srednjega veka, ko je bil uporabljen kot zdravilo za bubonsko kugo. Danes se alkohol sintetizira v različnih oblikah in se ga uporablja tudi v živilski industriji, medicini in na različnih področjih raziskav. V naravi se pojavlja kot stranski proizvod fermentacijskih in metabolnih procesov v mikroskopskih organizmih. Sledovi alkohola so bili odkriti tudi zunaj našega sončnega sistema, v oddaljenih zvezdnih predelih vesolja.

Druga instalacija, ki je del projekta, imenuje se Eliksir stroj, je instalacija, ki vsebuje tako fizične kot virtualne komponente. Fizična je naprava za dostavo predhodno pripravljenega eliksirja. Mnoštvo snovi, zbranih s časom in ohranjenih zaradi lastnosti, ki izboljšujejo zdravje, se sprva potopi v raztopino alkohola, majhno količino se nato razredči v stroju in očisti s pronicanjem skozi objekta A in B, da bi se nato razpršila v zrak s pomočjo mehanizma za izparevanje. Eliksir sestavlja nabor pogosto uporabljanih zeliščnih in mineralnih substanc, ki so v rabi v ljudskem, alternativnem, homeopatskem in alopatskem zdravilstvu. Podobno kot homeopatska priprava zdravil, se tudi tukaj uporabljajo in redčijo že v osnovi zelo majhne količine snovi. Kamera, ki je tudi del te naprave, "prenese" obiskovalce v virtualni prostor, kjer njihova prisotnost v podatkovni bazi instalacije pusti sled v obliki edinstvenega geometrijskega objekta. Eliksir postaja vse te elemente, ki so bili vključeni v raziskovanje in razvoj celotnega projekta, tudi prikaže.

Vrt pilul eliksirja je instalacija, ki pripada istemu projektu in v kateri se fizični in virtualni svet prekrivata. Zdi se kot da boti organizirajo svoj lasten vrt in ponovno razmišljajo o naravi lastnega obstoja. Po taoistični filozofiji je ultimativni eliksir - eliksir ustvarjanja nesmrtnosti - rezultat kompleksne fizične, duhovne in filozofske prakse, ki se je skozi zgodovino spreminjala. Instalacija vključuje vrsto prikladnih elementov, ki tvorijo majhno vesolje, navdihnjeno s kitajskim "učenjakovim vrtom", zenovskimi vrtovi in prakso notranje in zunanje taoistične alkemije.

Fizični del instalacije sestavljajo antropomorfni in abstraktni agenti, "vodnjak mladosti" in “drevo življenja", ki vsebujejo kapsule, kamenčke in zmesi, ki so pomembne v zgodovinskih alkemičnih

praksah. Virtualni segment vrta prinaša v ospredje »višje« oblike predmetov, te pa ustvarjajo novo vsebino, ki temelji na legendarni knjigi Tao Te Ching. Animizem, ki je navzoč v vzhodnjaških mitologijah in popularnih kulturah, ponuja alternativno razumevanje umetnih inteligentnih agentov kot avtonomnih bitij, potencialnih nosilcev zavesti, ali umetno ustvarjenih osebnosti, vrednih spoštovanja. V času trajanja razstave se v posebej za to narejenih objektih, ki so razpostavljeni v okolici galerije, zbira deževnica, ki se uporablja v instalaciji. VEČ O PROJEKTU Eliksir Omemba eliksirja takoj odzvanja mitično poreklo samega besedila; izvor besede eliksir je v arabskem imenu za čudež iz 7. stoletja našega štetja in je bogata metafora, ki se pojavi v vseh svetovnih religijah, mitologijah, popularni kulturi in pravljicah. Zgodovinsko se umešča bodisi v rastlinski ali svet mineralov, ali pa je vezana na fizični izvor drevesa ali vodnjaka; človekovo iskanje in prizadevanje, da bi se dokopal do zdravila, ki zdravi vse bolezni in tegobe, je brez konca. Eliksirje so pripravljali menihi v samostanih in kraljevski apotekarji na Kitajskem, ki so v svoje zvarke vključevali tudi Theirac; Grki so v 1. stoletju našega štetja v priprave eliksirja vključili številne težko dostopne rastlinske, mineralne in živalske sestavine in to sestavino poimenovali Theriac, čigar recept se je s časom spreminjal. Bili so tudi drugi takšni in podobni napitki z imeni, kot so Katranova voda, Jeneževa voda, Mithridatium, ki naj bi ga tvorilo 65 različnih sestavin, pa Modra tvar in Oxymel ali Jeruzalemski eliksir, ki ga je tvorilo palmovo vino, gel iz rastlin Aloe vera in konoplje - številni eliksirji pa vsebujejo “nebeško vodo”, ki se je pri pripravi omenjenega uporabljala kot medij v izdelavi “eliksir pilul”. Naloga zdravljenja niha med realističnim in mitološkim. Pomembno, po besedah taoistov, je prepričanje v fizično nesmrtnost. Razvoj "eliksir pilul" je v taoističnih praksah skozi čas zorel s pripravo raznih zdravil, z razvojem duhovnih in fizičnih praks ter s človeškim življenjem, imenovanim Neidan, ki naj bi ponudil odprt sistem za vrhunski razvoj duhovnega in fizičnega telesa. Človeško telo tako postane peč, s katero človek kultivira duha in tako "proizvaja svoje notranje pilule" ali "duhovni eliksir". Eliksir je zdravilo, a lahko postane tudi strup, vse je odvisno od odmerka in načina jemanja. Pristop, ki se poraja tudi v homeopatiji in podobnih proto-znanstvenih metodah, je znan tudi v sodobni znanosti; to je uporaba metode, pri kateri zdravilo vsebuje tudi snov, ki naj bi bolezen povzročala. Sodobne raziskave, ki se ukvarjajo s podaljševanjem življenja (anti-aging), in celotno področje, ki zadva bio-hakiranje, postajajo vse bolj razširjena, z novimi spoznanji in tehnologijami pa vsak dan izumljamo in na trg, ki ni zanemarljiv, plasiramo nova zdravljenja, zdravila in prehranska dopolnila. Vrtovi Osredotočena na svojo prakso avtorica tudi tukaj znova zaposluje različne oblike antropomorfnih sredstev, da bi nadaljevala z raziskovanjem odnosa med telesom, umom in tehnologijo. V okviru te instalacije so agenti postavljeni v simbolni vrt, kjer služijo kot pogajalci znotraj filozofsko poetičnega premišljevanja o trenutnih vlogah prav takšnih in podobnih agentov. Kitajski vrtovi so bili vedno zgrajeni z več nameni; kot zavetišča in razdeljene krajine, ki naj bi se razvijale in razprostirale med sprehodi in meditacijo, ter za ustvarjanje pomembnih razglednih točk za čutno in duhovno opazovanje. Vrtovi predstavljajo križpotje narave in kulture, raziskujejo naravni svet in si prizadevajo zagotoviti okvir za poglobljen vidik našega položaja in vloge v svetu skladno s

taoističnimi načeli osnovnih elementov, nižinami neskončnih premen, kroženjem energije in življenjskih obdobij. Bodisi v parkih, na plavajočih otokih, v gozdovih ali gorskih palačah v oblakih, si obiskovalci v utopičnem raju in domu nesmrtnikov predstavljajo stalen ideal filozofskega iskanja modrosti in zdravega življenja. Skrbno postavljanje elementov vključuje odnose med kamenjem in vodo, otoki, mostovi in rastlinami, ki zastopajo kultivirano naravo in ki nosijo v sebi veliko pesniških zgodb, vključujoč sadeže in eliksirje nesmrtnosti ali preprosto užitek ob efemernih, ponavljajočih se dogodkih. Ta instalacija prevzema idejo o vrtu kot modelu različnih kozmogonskih metafor in še razpotegne idejo z vključevanjem agentov umetne inteligence kot akterjev. Vzhodne filozofije in ljudska prepričanja dopuščajo takšno razmišljanje, saj se le to odraža v razumevanju in doživljanju robotov kot bitij z dušo. Naključnost Algoritmi naključnosti delujejo kot strukturni ritmi sveta in se pogosto razmnožijo in uporabijo kot semenski ritem pri gradnji virtualnih okolij. Tao Te Ching je bistveno taoistično besedilo, pripisano legendarnemu mislecu Lao Tzeju, katerega izvor je še vedno nejasen, saj obstajajo tri glavne zgodbe, ki domnevno opredeljujejo, kdo je ta mitska oseba. Besedilo Tao Te Ching je skozi zgodovino označevalo gibanje od ustvarjanja konkretne eliksir pilule pa vse do notranjega preudarka in meditacije, ki je značilna za kitajsko filozofijo ter proto-znanost in ki se uporablja kot prizorišče iskanja smisla, preprostosti, lepote, pozornosti in resnice. V okviru instalacije, se s tem, ko smo ta bistveni material ponovno združili v pogovor o treh primerih virtualnega uma, soočamo s fragmenti in na novo zloženimi sestavki besedila, tokrat z algoritmom Markov Chain.

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