Designating effective regulation in the cloud
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Transcript of Designating effective regulation in the cloud
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Cloud Computing: Legal, Organisational and Technological Issues, 23 February 2011
Designating Effective Regulation in the Cloud: The Move from
Actors to Nodes and Forms of Communication
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Part I: Regulatory Theory
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Standard Setting
Regulating Actors
Traditional Cybernetics Theory
Monitoring Behavior Modification
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Regulating Actors: Strategies
After Baldwin & Cave
Direct•Command & Control•Self Regulation•Direct Action
Market•Incentives•Market Harnessing•Disclosure
Indirect•Torts and Liabilities•Social Insurance
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Regulating Actors: Neo Institutionalism
Source: Lessig
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Element of a Control System
Hierarchical Control
Community-Based Control
Competition-Based Control
Design-Based Control
Standard Setting
Law or Other Formalised Rules
Social Norms Price/Quality Ratio (and equivalents with non-market decisions)
Inbuilt design features and social and administrative systems
Information Gathering
Monitoring (by agencies or third parties)
Social Interaction
Monitoring by dispersed buyers, clients, etc
Interaction of design features with environment
Behaviour Modification
Enforcement Social Sanctions (eg ostracism, disapproval)
Aggregate of decisions by buyers, clients, etc on purchase, take-up, location etc
As for information gathering (self-executing)
Source: Murray & Scott
Regulating Actions
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Regulating Actions
A Problem for Cybernetics Theory
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Regulating Networks
Decentred Regulation and Nodal Governance
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Regulating Networks: Network Communitarianism
Source: Murray
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Part II: Cloud Computing and
Gatekeepers
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The Move to the Cloud
Traditional Data Access Cloud Data Accessvs
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The Move to the Cloud
A New Regulatory Component
The Gatekeeper
Not a New Concept
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Gatekeepers and the Cloud
Gatekeepers and Communication
Gatekeeper Failure
Gatekeepers and Democracy
Gatekeeper Censorship
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Gatekeepers and Communications Regulation
Regulatory Gravity
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Regulatory Gravity
Source: Einstein
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Regulation in the Cloud
We already know network regulation can be as effective as actor regulation.
Moreover we know that digital network regulation is particularly effective.
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Regulation in the Cloud
• The key player is the gatekeeper.• Lessig spoke of “West Coast Codemakers”
• They were gatekeepers
• Whomsoever is the gatekeeper in the cloud is in a powerful position.• Who?
• Telcos • OS platform providers• Hosts
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Regulation in the Cloud
• What costs will gatekeepers extract?• Democratic costs• Social Costs• Identity Costs
• What duties do gatekeepers have?• Quasi-public role?
• Regulator accountability and oversight? • HR obligations?• CSR duties?
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Planning Regulation in the Cloud
Government
Access Operators
Personal Users
Business Users
Platform Operators
Personal Users
Business Users
Storage Providers
Personal Users
Business Users
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Thank You
Andrew D. MurrayReader in LawDepartment of LawLondon School of EconomicsHoughton StreetLondon WC2A 2AETel: 020 7849 4645Email: [email protected]