Design Scenarios through Multi dimensional for Sustainable...

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Rethinking Design Scenarios through Concurrent Multidimensional Exploration for Sustainable Decisions Karthik Ramani Donald W. Feddersen Professor of Mechanical Engineering Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering (by courtesy) Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering (courtesy) Purdue University William Z. Bernstein PhD Student School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University Devarajan Ramanujan PhD Student School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University

Transcript of Design Scenarios through Multi dimensional for Sustainable...

Page 1: Design Scenarios through Multi dimensional for Sustainable ...research.che.utexas.edu/susman/documents/wuhan/NSF... · • Product development and re‐design • Manufactured products

Rethinking Design Scenarios through Concurrent Multi‐dimensional Exploration 

for Sustainable DecisionsKarthik Ramani

Donald W. Feddersen Professor of Mechanical EngineeringProfessor of Electrical and Computer Engineering (by courtesy)Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering (courtesy)

Purdue University

William Z. BernsteinPhD Student

School of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue University

Devarajan RamanujanPhD Student

School of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue University

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Motivation• Built infrastructure, product and services must be rethought in a global context

• Future environmental regulationsin the US are imminent

• Manufacturing, supply chains and business decisions through a design lens

• After a full‐fledged LCA, it is still difficult to identify hotspots for improvements

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China & US: Comparison of superpowers

Image Source: http://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/jun/07/china‐us‐how‐superpowers‐compare‐datablog*According to AlixPartners

By 2015, the cost of outsourcing manufacturing to China will be equal to the cost of manufacturing in the US.*

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Current tools for sustainable design

SolidWorks Sustainability Express

Granta Design CES EduPackEco Seletor

Sustainable Minds

SimaPro with Ecoinvent 2.0

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Requirements for future tools

• Explore product repositories

• Ease of use and naturalness of the interaction process

• Cognitively prominent display of information. 

http://i.i.cbsi.com/cnwk.1d/i/tim/2011/06/17/minority‐report‐ui_244x183.jpg

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Strategy

• Make data visible during decision‐making stage

• Promote exploration towards providing new insights for decisions

• Embed sustainable thinking into existing curricula to spur educational innovation

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Application AreasThe potential broad applications areas for this collaborative visualization cyber‐infrastructure are:

• Product development and re‐design• Manufactured products sector• Supply chain viewing and decision making• Building construction and management• Environmental engineering• Potential use of developed tools for training novice designers though data exploration

• Collaborative product engineering in geographically distributed teams

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PLM DATABASE 

Supplier network

LCA DATA

VISUAL REPRESENTATIONS FOR PLM AND LCA DATA

VISUAL ANALYTICS AIDING SUSTAINABILITY‐AWARE 

DECISION MAKING

MULTIMODAL HUMAN‐COMPUTER INTERFACES

Project Overview

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Developing Interactive Prototypes

Data Processing ModuleAttribute similarity 

estimation using  semantics/ attribute taxonomies

Visualization EngineVisualization of object 

mode, decision attributes and metadata related to 

decision problem

Object Model

‘Object‐decision attribute’ data model

Query and Exploration

Visualization Interface

Developing Abstract Prototypes Constructing Modular Architectures

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Educational Dissemination

• Design critique of student projects with respect to sustainability [ME553]

• Gamification of shape synthesis constrained by environmental indicators [ME444]

• Merging ethics and empathy within design thinking targeted at extreme affordability (e.g. developing world) [ME553]

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Acknowledgements

• NSF U.S. and China team• NSF CMMI current grant in sustainable design and manufacturing• NSF DUE sustainability related grant

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Thank you

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Example of a Proposed Data Representation Model

For estimating an environmental indicator of existing parts within a CAD database, we calculate a shape descriptor based on a point cloud.  We can then estimate environmental impact by including material and manufacturing information from a PDM system.

class part {

}

id %  unique identification numbername % part nameshape_descriptor %  derived bag of words descriptorfunction % functions attributedmaterial % material definitionmanufacturing % list of manufacturing processing3dmodel % mesh model of partpart_volume % part volumeconvhull.volume % convex hull volumebbox.volume % volume of min. bounding boxsurfarea % part surface areaconvhull.surfarea % surface area of convex hullbbox.surfarea % surface area of min. bounding boxpcvector % principal component vectorspart_linear_dim % linear dimensions in three axes

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ShapeSift: Sustainable options in design reuse

Accept Select

Yes

No

Ramanujan, D., Benjamin, W., Bernstein, W. Z., Elmqvist, N., Ramani, K., “shapeSift: Suggesting Sustainable options in design reuse from part repositories,” ASME 2013 IDETC/CIE, Portland, OR, August 4‐7, 2013. 

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Motivation

Design database

Product Attributes

Part Specific Results

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Research Goals

Develop a framework for  relating  environmental impacts of parts  with corresponding part attributes:

• How can  we standardize/automate assessment of environmental indicators? 

• How can we tie design exploration  (based on part attributes) with sustainable design?

• How can we represent our data as visual variables and  present it  on an intuitive platform? 

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shapeSift Pipeline 

Query: sketch 

Overview: visualize a set of ‘similar’ results

Detail & Filter: similarity polygon     tooltips     similarity controls 

Decision Making: accept or iterate 

1

2

3a cb

4

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Prototype User Interface

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Summary

1. Information visualization provides a promising avenue for integrating sustainability based decision making with the design process

2. An exploration based framework that correlates sustainability measures with part attributes  can aid designers in developing insights about their design and internalize them by forming mental models about this data. 

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Balancing business decisions with sustainbility

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ViSER: Visualizing Supply chains for Eco‐conscious Redesign

A

B

DC

EF

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Life Cycle Assessment ModelCharacterization of inputs to impact damage categories

Product Inventory Data‐Material & Manufacturing Process‐Structural Dependency Matrix‐Supply Chain Dependency Matrix

Visualization Engine

User InputData Query and Exploration

Visualization InterfaceViSER

LCI Inputs

Visualization Layouts

LCA Impacts

User Input

Raw Data

Visual Representations

Entity Interaction

Product & Supply Chain Metrics

Product Dependencies

Data Representation Model‐Modularity Index‐Change Propagation Metric‐Normalized LCA data

‐Part Attributes‐Modularity Class

‐Change Propagation‐Entity Dependencies

ViSER – User Pipeline

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Novice User: Bart

Expert User: MarkB1 B2 B3 B4 B5

M1 M2 M3 M4 M5

ViSER – Use Case Scenarios, User Interaction 

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D1 D2 D3 D4

D0

D1 D2 D3 D4

D4

D0

Existing

Proposed

Data integration from knowledge‐silos