Design for Cold Climate
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Transcript of Design for Cold Climate
CLIMATOLOGY
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE FOR COLD CLIMATE
COLD CLIMATEThe cold climate is October through march in
northern hemisphere and April through September in southern hemisphere.
Regions that falls under cold climate experience very cold winters.
The temperature ranges from 20-30’c in summer and -3 to -8’c in winters.
The main objectives of building design in cold zones
are:
1.Resisting heat loss2.Promoting heat gain
Resisting heat loss• Decrease the exposed surface area of the
building.• Using materials that heat up fast but release
heat slowly• Providing buffer space between the living area
and the outside• Decreasing the rate of ventilation inside the
building.
Promoting heat gain • Avoiding excess shading.
• Utilizing the heat from applications.• Trapping the heat from the
sun.
Technique in building constructio
n
Sun path
In cold climate, the heat gain is desirable. Hence building should be located on the south slope of a hill or mountain for better access to solar radiation.
Trap maximum heat from sun
Trap maximum heat from sun
Building arrangement
If the buildings are clustered, then the cold wind movement can be reduced.
Open space between buildings should be treated with reflective surface so that the Day radiation reflect into the building
Building arrangementThe street should be wide
enough to ensure that building on one side should not shade those on the other side.
The street orientation should be east-west to allow for maximum south sun to enter the building.
Orientation and plan form• Window should face south to facilitate direct gain of
sun heat.• The north side of the building should be well
insulated. • Living room can be located on the south side while the
utility and store room can be located on north side.• Air-lock lobbies can be used in entry and exit points of
the building• Heat generated by applications in room such as
kitchen may be used to heat the other parts of the buildings.
ROOF• False ceiling with internal insulation such as
polyurethane foam(PUF), thermocol, wood wool, etc are used for houses in cold climate
ROOF• Aluminum foil is used in-between the
insulation layer and roof to reduce heat loss through ceiling.
ROOF• A sufficiently sloping roof with skylight
enables to drain water and snow and allow sun radiation to enter the building during day.
WALLS
• The wall should be made of materials which lose heat slowly.
• The walls can be of concrete blocks as they store heat for a longer time.
• South facing walls should be of high thermal capacity.
• North side walls should be cavity wall construction.
WINDOW• Maximum window area on the southern side of the
building to facilitate direct heat gain.• The window should be double glazed to avoid heat
loss during night.• Shades can be used to avoid overheating during
summer.
Color
• The color of the building should be dark to absorb more heat from the sun.
Sun space
Trombe wall
CASE STUDY
Degree college and hill council, Leh, India
Located in Leh, in upper Himalayas, the degree college and hill council have been built within a cold and dry climate. The building required to be heated almost throughout the year. It
has long winter from October to April .
Lecture hall
South side building view
North side building view