Description of All

vaccines provided to

infants in Pakistan

Content Introduction

Chart Vaccine provided to infants

Description of all vaccine provided to infants • Hepatitis B

• Polio

• DTP

• Haemophilus influenza type B

• Hepatitis A

• Pneumococcal Vaccine

• Rota virus Vaccine

• Chicken Pox

• MMR

• Iinfleunza

Introduction

Pakistan has some of the highest rates of deaths among

children in the world

One child in every 11 (87 per 1000 live births) born in

Pakistan dies before turning 5 years old

Although the rates of child death have been falling

steadily over years

Pakistan is one of the 3 countries where polio

transmission remains endemic

Around a third of these child deaths are due to vaccine

preventable diseases

Chart of Vaccine provided to infants

The term infant is typically applied to young children between the

ages of 1 month and 12 months; however, definitions may vary

between birth and 1 year of age, or even between birth and 2 years of

age

Description of all Vaccine provided to infants

Hepatitis B

1st Dose: At birth

ALL NEWBORNS prior to discharge.

2nd dose: 1-2 months old

Final Dose: age ≥ 24 weeks

Dose

Dose is 0.5ml

Route

given intramuscularly

Polio Vaccine Two types of polio vaccines are

A. IPV

consists of inactivated (killed) poliovirus strains of all three poliovirus types

(IPV) is usually given in four doses

a. 1st Dose Is given at 2 months

b. 2nd Dose is given at 4 months

c. 3rd Dose Is given at 6–18 months

d. 4th Dose at 4–6 years

Dose

• 0.5ml

Route

• SQ

OPV or oral polio vaccine

consists of a mixture of live, attenuated

(weakened) poliovirus strains of all three

poliovirus types

Dose

0.5 ml for single dose

Route

orally

Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (whooping cough)

The diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine

protects against the following deseases in infants and

children

Diphtheria

Tetanus

Pertussis (whooping cough)

DTaP immunizations are given as a series of five injections, usually

administered at ages 2 months,4 months,6 months.15–18 months

Dose

dose is 0.5ml

Route

given intramuscularly

Haemophilus influenzae type b

Minimum age:

6 weeks

Schedule:

2,4,6 months with booster at 12-15 months old

Dose:

0.5ml

Route

IM

Possible reaction:

pain, redness and/or swelling at injection site in 25%; rarely fever and irritability

Hepatitis A vaccine (HepA)

Minimum age:

12 months

Schedule

2 doses of hep A vaccine iss given 1st dose is given at the age of at 1 year of age and 2nd dose is given 6 month apart

Dose

Dose is 0.5ml

Route

given IM antero lat thigh

Pneumococcal Vaccine

Types of pneomococcal vaccine

PCV (Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine recommended for infants

PPV (Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine recommended for

children and adults)

Schedule for PCV

Total 4 doses are given

Pcv is given at the age of 2 months,4 months,6 months,12 through 15

months

Dose

Single dose 0.5 ml

ROUTE

Given Intramuscularly

Rotavirus virus vaccine

Minimum age:

6 weeks

Schedule:

2,4,6 months

Route

Both vaccines are oral (taken by mouth and swallowed)

Rotavirus vaccine precautions —

Rotavirus vaccine should not be given to infants with a known immunodeficiency In all infants, there is a small risk of diarrhea and vomiting in the week after the vaccine is given.

Chiken pox Schedule

2 doses of chickenpox vaccine are given

The first dose should be given at 12–15 months, and the second dose at 4–6 years

Dose

dose is 0.1ml

route of administration

0.5ml dose is given subcutaneously

Possible Risks

Possible mild effects are tenderness and redness where the shot was given, fever, fatigue, and a varicella-like illness. There is a very small chance of an allergic reaction with any vaccine

INFLUENZA There are two types of influenza vaccine; one is an

injection (shot), while the other is administered as a nasal spray nasal spray is not recommended for infants

Scheule

Flu shots are usually given once a year from October to mid-November. The shots provide protection throughout the flu season — October to Apri the first dose is given 1t 6 month of age

Effectivness

The injectable influenza vaccine protects between 70 and 90 infants from developing flue

Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) Schedule

two doses of MMR is given at age of

1st dose: 12 through 15 months

2nd dose: 4 through 6 years

Dose:

0.5 Ml

Route

SQ

Effectivness

MMR vaccine protects more than 99 percent of infants from developing measles and 95 percent of infans from developing mumps and rubella