DEPT. OF PHYSICS, PANJAB UNIVERSITY UGC-CAS 2008-2013 First review April 2010 Second Review February...

DEPT. OF PHYSICS, PANJAB UNIVERSITYUGC-CAS 2008-2013

First review April 2010 Second Review February 2012

Thrust Area facultyHigh Energy Physics(Exp. &Th.)

Expt.: Profs. J.B. Singh, M. Kaur, S.Bala(R), M.M. Aggarwal(R) Dr. V. Bhatnagar.

Theory: Profs. M.M. Gupta(R-CASCOORD-2011), C.S.Aulakh(CASCOORD :2011 -), C.N.Kumar

Dr. Kuldeep Kumar.

Nuclear Physics(Exp. &Th.)Expt.: Profs. N. Singh(R), A.K. Bhati, K.P.Singh(R), G.Singh(R)

Prof. D. Mehta Drs. : A. Kumar, B.R. Behera, S. Sihotra. J.S. Shahi

Theory: Profs. R.K. Gupta, R.K.Puri

Thrust Area faculty(contd.) • Cond. Matter Physics(Exp. &Th.)

Profs.: K.N.Pathak(R), S. Prakash(R),V.K.Jindal(R) Profs. K. Dharamvir(R), N. Goyal, G.S.S Saini.

• Drs.: S.K.Tripathi, S. Srivatsava, Ranjan Kumar, Rajesh Kumar

• Non-Thrust Faculty: Prof. V.P. Singh(Mass Spectrometry), Dr. S. Sahijpal(Astrophysics), Dr. K.S. Bindra(Phys. Education), Dr. Bimal Rai Singh(Mass Spectr.),Er. M.D.Sharma(Electronics),Er. Neeru Chaudhary(Electronics).

Summary of Research achievements (2008-2012)

• Papers Published : 439(HEP-Expt) + 25 (HEPTH) + 104(NP) + 123 CMP(Th & Expt) = 691 • PhD’s granted : 53• Meetings Organized : 11• Seminars Organized: 57• Visits > 10^2.5 !• Talks by Faculty > 89

Major Equipment Installed

• High Performance Computing Centre : 80 Cores Teraflop computing centre , 400GB storage space, Rs 50 lakhs from CAS, PURSE and FIST funds.

• Sputter Unit : 2.56 Lakhs

• HPGe Detector : 8.5 Lakhs

• Geochronology Upgrade: 4.48 Lakhs

• Cyclotron 3.44 lakhs• In process : CV unit (8L), Monochromator(6L), MSc lab(2.85 L),

Building(10L).

Summary of Non-recurring Utilization

• 1. High speed computing system for high energy, low energy and condensed matter group. Allocation : Rs 12 Lacs

Balance Rs 77,518 • 2. Software for the above groups including MD

software Allocation : 8.00 Lacs Balance : 2,32,753.00

3. Monochromater (CMP Expt. Group)Allocated : 6.00 Lacs

Balance 6.00 Lacs TENDER DOCUMENT READY 4. Sputter Unit (N.P. Group) Allocated : 5.00 Lacs Balance : 2,44,184 5. Low energy HPGe Detector

Allocated : 8.50 Lacs Balance : NIL

• 6. CV measurement Probe Station Allocated : 8.00 Lacs Balance : 8.00 LacsTENDER DOCUMENT READY• 7. Upgradation of M.Sc. Lab Allocated : 3.00 Lacs Balance : 2,86,987 (in

process) • 8. Upgradation of Spectrometery and

Geochoronology Lab. Allocated : 4.50 Lacs Balance : 2,168

• 9. Maintenance of Cyclotron, X-ray Fluorescence and experimental solid state Lab equipments. Allocated : 5.00 Lacs Balance : 1,56,040

• II. Building (Upgradation) Augmentation & extension etc.

Allocated : 10.00 Lacs Balance : 10 lacs Building Plans sent funds requested

• B.Sc. Physics• 2007-08 - 26 2008-09 - 27• 2009-2010 - 32 2010-1011 - 26• Total graduated - 111• M.Sc. Physics• 2007-08 - 52 2008-09 - 67• 2009-2010 - 80 2010-1011 - 60• Total post graduated - 259

SUMMARY OF graduates

SUMMARY OF graduates(contd) • B.Sc. Physics & Electronics • 2010-1011 - 11 Total - 11• M.Sc. Physics & Electronics • 2009-2010 - 21 2010-1011 - 12• Total - 33• M.Phil• 2008-2009 - 15 2010-2011 - 12• Total - 27• Ph.D. Awarded (2008-2011) - 53

EXP. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS GROUP

EHEP group (Particle Physics) Collaborates in the following Experiments

•CMS Experiment (CERN)

•DZERO Experiment (Fermilab)

•Belle Experiment (KEK, Japan)

•Zeus Experiment( HERA, Germany)

•India based Neutrino Observatory (INO-ICAL )

•Fermilab Neutrino Program (Fermilab)


1. CMS Experiment

2010-11 : 5 Fb^-1 Data set : CMS Hints of Higgs Particle (mass 114-126 GeV),

Group members and Students involved in Higgs Searches, QCD-Physics, Super-symmetry Particle

Search, etc.

RPC fabrication work for the forward coverage of the CMS detector is in progress ( in collaboration

with BARC, Mumbai).

2. Belle Experiment

Observation of new decay mode of Newly observed particle X(3872)

V. Bhardwaj, J. B. Singh, K.Trabalesi et.al. Belle Collaboration

Phys.Rev.Lett. 107 (2011) 091803


3. ZEUS Experiment

Measurements of Neutral current cross sections at low-Q2 and high-y and high Bjorken

–x . First ever measurements of xF3 structure function

4. DZERO Experiment

Multivariate analysis of p-pbar collisions data for Single top studies

Higgs searches in the ZH→llbb channel.

Data taking stopped September, 2011 but data analysis continues.

5. INO-ICAL Experiment

All aspects of National initiative India: Physics simulation, software, detector R & D

(RPCs).

Muon momentum resolutions in detector and up-going muon analysis in progress.


6. Fermilab Neutrino Program

Joined Fermilab neutrino program (both ongoing and future experiments).

Data taking and analysis in MINOS experiment on

neutrino transitions using the long baseline detector

Data analysis is in the advance stage of

MIPP experiment for measuring the production rates for various targets with proton beam.

EXP. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS GROUP, PANJAB UNIVERSITY, CHANDIGARH

Cosmic ray test stand for testing of fabricated RPC’s

3-Channel gas distribution system upgraded to 4-Channel

Equipped with Freon, Iso-butane, Argon and Nitrogen Gas Cylinders

Humidifier with Moisture Controller for Gases SY-2527 Universal Multichannel Power Supply with Positive HV Module & Negative HV Module

Fabrication of big Scintillator Paddles(1mx25cm) for test of 1m x 1m RPC’s is in progress

Setting up of Resistive Plate Chamber(RPC) Lab


RPC Lab which has been operational for more than 2 year is now upgraded and equipped with following Additional Facility:

VME based Data Acquisition System

VME Crate 8100-VME64 8U, 21 Slots

V2718 KIT-VME-PCI Bridge + PCI optical link

2-TDC V1190A 128-channel

I/O Register V977B 16-Channel

Dual Timer V993C

High and Low Voltage power Supply system SY2527

RPC LAB-1


COSMIC RAY TEST

STAND6-RPC Tests

GAS MIXING UNIT

CAMAC BASED DATA ACQUISITION

SYSTEM

HUMIDIFIER

RPC LAB - 1


VME INSTALLATION- IN PROCESS


RPC LAB-2In addition to RPC Lab-1 of 2500 Sq Fit Area(7mx7m)size

RPC Lab-2 of 3500 Sq Fit Area (10m X 7m) size for

Fabrication, Assembly and storage of big RPC’s


SET-UP FOR PRESSURE TEST

& GAS LEAK TEST

ASSEMBLY TABLE


BAKELITE RPC FABRICATION


BAKELITE RPC FABRICATION - COATING

BEFORE COATING

AFTER COATING

AFTER COATING

COATING IN PROGRESS


BAKELITE RPC FABRICATION- FINAL STEPS


BAKELITE -RPC FABRICATED(FINAL)


COSMIC RAY TELESCOPE TEST-Stand

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Freon 62%, Iso-Butane 8%, Argon 30%

Temperature:19.2 C RH-20%

Date: 28-12-2011 Time: 10 am

High Voltage Ramp up

Bakelite RPC 30X30 Cm

Le

aka

ge

cu

rre

nt (

in M

icro

Am

ps)

High voltage (in volts)


V-I CHARACTERISTICS

Avalanche mode Streamer Mode

High Energy Expt. Publications 2008-2012

• SM and BSM particle physics : CMS(LHC), D0(Fermilab) : 272 publications

• B-Physics, CP violation Meson Spectroscopy BELLE(KEK): 77 publications

• Charm and Beauty, Jets, QCD, DIS : L3, ZEUS(DESY)Experiments : 34 publications

• Heavy Ion Experiments (STAR, ALICE) : 54 publications

High Energy Theory • Prof. M.M.Gupta (Fermion Mass Textures, Quark

models, Nucleon structure, Neutrinos). Fits of quark and lepton masses using textures, Lepton Unitarity triangle, Spin and flavour structure of nucleon. Studies Fritzsch and non fritzsch textures for quark and neutrino mass matrices.

• Prof. C.S.Aulakh (Supersymmetric Grand unification, LR models , Inflation). Completely realistic New Minimal Supersymmetric GUT developed to point of confrontation with LHC data. Baryon and lepton flavour violation constraints on NMSGUT. Supersymmetric seesaw inflation model.

• A. Prof. C.N.Kumar (Solitons, Non-linear wave equations, DNA Modelling , BE Condensates) Electric charged vortex in SU(2) Higgs model with Chern-Simons term in (2+1) dimension and vortex interaction in abelian Higgs model.

Chaos and topologically soliton coexistence in gauge field theories analysed with Painlevé and extension for PDE.

Solitary wave /soliton solutions for non linear evolution equations : Stability and applications.

• Supersymmetric quantum mechanics applications in information theory, Nonlinear Physics, Atomic Physics and Particle Physics.

• Dr. Kuldeep Kumar (Non-commutative field theory) General deformed conformal-Poincare (Galilean) symmetries consistent

with relativistic (nonrelativistic) canonical noncommutative spaces. New algebraic structures of deformed generators. Deformed conformal-Poincare symmetries consistent with the Snyder-de Sitter space.

HPCC Facility

• High Performance Computing Center(HPCC) established using CAS-PURSE-FIST funds : 50 Lakhs

HPCC contd.• Two Bay AC lab• Two 6KVA UPS with a total backup of 4 hours• Dedicated Network of 100Mbps inside the HPC lab for wired

and wireless access nodes. Total 8 wired network ports were provided.

• Computing System:– Rack mounted Server and nodes with KVM switch include:– One head node SUN Fire X4270 with 24GB RAM, 2 QUAD

Core Xeon (Nehelam) processors with 3 TB of disk space.– Nine compute nodes SUN X4140 with 12 GB RAM, 2

QUAD Core Xeon (Nehelam) processors with 1 TB of disk (extra storage of 32TB)

– Dedicated Gigabit Network for the interconnectivity of these nodes

– One Monitor for the console access

HPCC(contd.)

• Alarm system with Fire and Heat sensors • Biometric access system to the HPC lab RFID

access cards. • A connectivity to the departmental LAN is

provided for access from the Department/Campus network

• Small seminar room : LCD projector for small demos and tutorials

HPCC UPGRADE • Power backup to be improved

• a dedicated genset 30KW - costing ~3.5 lacs + recurring cost of Rs 50k/yr (diesel)

• Uninterrupted power supply line? (alternate)• Battery bank replacement every 3 years – costing ~2 lacs (for two

banks) – Addition of Computing Power - costing ~35 lacs

• 10 nodes ( 1HN + 9CN configuration)• New Rack/ KVM Switch/Network Switch ; INFINIBAND• Dedicated Graphical Processors (GPU) for doing GPGPU

computing/development (2 cards, one for each rack)Training of scholars/students/faculty members for HPCC usage: ~1 lac

– enhance the total computing to 160 cores : 2 Tera Flop– Smooth running of the HPCC facility (summer power problems)

Experimental Nuclear Physics

• Using the Cyclotron Facility

– Regional Centre for PIXE/PIGE

– Material modification through proton irradiation

• Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) Laboratory – Photon-atom interaction studies in the X-ray energy Region

• Hyperfine Interactions Laboratory

Experimental Nuclear Physics

• Study of high angular momentum nuclear states

• Reaction Dynamics and Mechanism

• Study of static nuclear electromagnetic moments

• X-ray production cross sections using heavy ion beams

• Using the National Facilities –

– 15 UD Pelletron Accelerator + LINAC at Inter-University Accelerator Science Centre, New Delhi

– 14 UD Pelletron Accelerator at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai

– Cyclotron Facility at VECC Kolkata

Nuclear Structure at High Spins• High spin states in the nuclei populated through fusion-

evaporation reactions using heavy-ion beams from pelletron accelerators.

• Reactions investigated mainly through in-beam -ray spectroscopic techniques using the Clover detector spectrometers INGA for gamma-spectroscopy studies at IUAC, New Delhi and TIFR, Mumbai.

• DCO and polarization measurements for spin-parity assignments.

• Life time measurements of excited nuclei will be continued through DSAM and RDM techniques.

• Level structures in 99Pd, 106,107,112In, 131Cs, 134Cs

• Multiple band structures of 131Cs - Level scheme consisting of 15 bands (6 new bands)

• High-K three-quasiparticle πh11/2 νh11/2 νd3/2 band identified in 131Cs.

• Octupole correlations in 99Pd and 131Cs Finger prints of octupole correlations in 99Pd and 131Cs nuclei have been

inferred from new interband E1 transitions linking the I = 1 states of the bands based on the h11/2 and d5/2 neutron/proton orbitals ( l = 3,

j = 3, and π = −1) with the deduced B(E1) values ~ 10−6 W.u.

• Multiple negative parity dipole bands in 106In and 112In.

• Small quadrupole deformation for the dipole bands in 112In

• A band like structure, based on the πh11/2νh11/2 configuration, has been

identified for the first time in 134Cs. Indications of Structural change of the unique-parity πh11/2νh11/2 configuration in 134Cs

Important Results

Nuclear Reaction Dynamics studies at National Accelerator Facilities

• The group is engaged in the Neutron multiplicity, Fission cross sections and evaporation residue cross section measurements for the System 16,18O+194,198Pt and 19F+194,196,198 Pt systems.

• Measurements performed using the Pelletron+Linac accelerator facilities of IUAC New Delhi.

• For 16,18O+194,198Pt systems the role of N/Z in the neutron multiplicities is established.

• For 19F+194,196,198 Pt systems the effect of shell closure in nuclear dissipation is established.

• Two programmes are complete and Ph.D. students are writing thesis.

Nuclear Reaction Dynamics studies

• Charged particle spectra for 32S+45Sc and 28Si+45Sc reactions are analyzed.

• Nuclear Level density for medium mass nuclei in the mass region A=5-80 are extracted from Alpha particle spectra and systematic study was undertaken.

• New experiments for the measurements of spin distribution of medium mass system and Fusion barrier distribution for heavy nuclei are planned and approved by Accelerator user Committee at IUAC.

FUTURE PLANS

• The group has been actively involved in designing and setting up of National Neutron Array at IUAC.

• An experiment using the LINAC beam of IUAC using a 16 neutron detector array was performed to understand the fission dynamics of the heavy nuclei.

FUTURE PLANS• Nuclear Structure, static nuclear electromagnetic moment, Nuclear

reaction dynamics studies will be continued.

• New experiments using National accelerator facilities.

• The upgrading of IUAC accelerator with LINAC booster and the new super conducting cyclotron of variable energy cyclotron centre will provide us some unique projectile target combinations in low and medium energy regime for reaction studies.

• New generation gas filled recoil separator (HYRA) at IUAC will give us ample opportunities to study fusion dynamics and gamma ray spectroscopy of heavy system.

• Upgradation of PAD facilities involving BaF2 and LaBr3 Scintillators at IUAC.

International Facilities

• Nuclear Physics groups have already taken initiatives for active contacts with the international facilities like GSI at Germany (FAIR Collaboration), LNL at Italy and Argonne National Lab in USA.

X-ray Fluorescence LaboratoryDetector and Data Acquisition System (Canberra) :

– LEGe, Si(Li) and Peltier-cooled detectors

– Data Acquisition System and Genie 2000 software

• X-ray Generator (Panalytical)– X-ray generator PW 3830 4 kW

– Line focus X-ray tubes with Cu, Mo and W anode

• Rolling mill (Durston, model DRM 100mm)

• Electron gun and thermal evaporation unit

• Microbalance (Mettler M 3)

X-ray tube

Detector &

Vacuum chamber

X-ray generator

Detector electronics modules and Data acquisition system

Rolling Mill

EDXRF set up

Pellet making Machine

Peltier-cooled EDXRF spectrometer

PELTIER-COOLED DETECTOR set up with 241Am source in secondary exciter mode

along with data acquisition.

FWHM 130 eV at 5.89 keV Mn K X-rays

Energy range up to ~ 30 keV

Geometrical set ups has been fabricated for Geometrical set ups has been fabricated for

use with use with 5555Fe exciter source (20 mCi)Fe exciter source (20 mCi)

Laptop and accessories are being

procured for in-vivo field measurements

Target Preparation Facility (3 kW electron gun)

Photon-atom interaction studies• Radiative Resonant Raman scattering of photons in the X-ray energy region -

– 57La-L2 subshell Mn K X-ray;

– 58Pr-L3 subshell Mn K X-ray;

• Total Resonant Raman scattering and XAFS contribution to near edge attenuation coefficients measured.

• Alignment of the L3 and M4,5 subshell vacancy states following photoionization

through angular emission of x-rays

• Measurements of Rayleigh scattering cross sections to investigate angular dependence of anomalous scattering factors for elements having electron threshold energy close to the incident photon energy.

IMPORTANT FEATURES OF RESEARCH WORK

First time established through experiments:

The decay of virtual vacancies produced in RRS via all the three processes

- Photon emission, Coster-Kronig transition and Auger emission

Observed that the fluorescence yield, CK transition probability and

Auger emission probabilities are same as in fluorescence process.

These probabilities remain same in different chemical forms of

element even though total and radiative RRS cross sections are

found to be different.

Facility frequently caters to the interrelated science research

Elemental analysis of new Ceria-based catalytic converters (nanoparticles)

doped with Sm/Mn oxides and coated with Au developed at Dept. of applied

Chemistry, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad which are used for catalytic

activity in ethyl benzene oxidation.

Thickness of the CNT film coated on Si/Glass substrate was determined by

measuring attenuation of the Si K x-rays from the substrate in the CNT film.

Samples of parts of chickseed plants grown in Se-contaminated soils

to study Se-uptake from Botany Department.

Target thickness measurements for various Nuclear Physics experiments and

purity of material science samples – users of IUAC, New Delhi.

Purity and concentration of nano-particle samples – Kurukshetra Univ., Chitkara

University, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala.

EDXRF facility has been used for screening of different fungi species for the

uptake capacity and percentage removal of the 28Ni, 48Cd, and 82Pb metal ions

from aqueous solution.

- all fungi species under study have greater affinity for 82Pb as compared to

28Ni and 48Cd metal ions.

- Maximum biosorption capacity of aximum biosorption capacity of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Trichoderma longibrachiatum for thefor the

2828Ni, Ni, 4848Cd, and Cd, and 8282Pb metal ions was 0.52 mg/g, 0.97 mg/g, and 6.4 mg/g, Pb metal ions was 0.52 mg/g, 0.97 mg/g, and 6.4 mg/g,

and that for the and that for the Trichoderma fasciculatum Trichoderma fasciculatum was 0.43 mg/g, 0.79 mg/g, and was 0.43 mg/g, 0.79 mg/g, and

3.5 mg/g, respectively.3.5 mg/g, respectively.

Further studies to investigate uptake capacity on pH of water and different

environmental parameters will be useful for their utilisation in the waste water

treatments.

Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Trichoderma fasciculatum, FS 53 unidentified, Aspergillus awamori, Phanerochaetechrysosporium, Rhizopus arrhizus

Uptake capacity of metal ions by FungusUptake capacity of metal ions by Fungus

Concerns are being raised about the possible carcinogenicity

and neurological disorders due to the ingested toxic elements

in the MALWA region of Punjab.

Trace element analysis of ground water samples from varied

sources done at Panjab University using EDXRF setup

XRF TECHNIQUE FOR SUSTAINABLE XRF TECHNIQUE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS• GROUND WATER OF MALWA REGION

high amount of residue (up to 3 g/L) rich in Strontium (300-1600 ppb) ~0.1 % of TDS high Bromine concentrations up to 1000 ppb (Chemical speciation required as

Bromate ions are toxic and permissible limit is 25 ppb) Molybdenum is also observed in some parts of Bathinda Uranium concentrations up to 100 ppb– [permissible levels ~60 ppb (AERB), 15 ppb (WHO)]

– Canal water based water supply – Residue < 300 mg/L Uranium (<5 ppb), Strontium (200 ppb), Bromine (<10 ppb)

– RO based water supply – Residue < 30 mg/L

Source of Uranium in Ground water• Concluded agrochemical processes to be responsible for Uranium

in ground water– Shallow ground water (few metres only)– Calcareous soil (kankars frequently observed)– Excessive agriculture activity using canal water (minimal use of

ground water)– Carbonic acid produced at the roots dissolves carbonates and

resulting bicarbonates leaches out uranium from soil and adds to ground water.

– Phospahte fertilisers

• To help further investigations‘URANIUM IN DRINKING WATER’ SCIENTIFIC OPINION & FACT SHEET – is prepared. Available at http: //physics.puchd.ac.in/dmehta/uranium-facts.doc

• Li-subshell X-ray production cross-sections for 78Pt, 79Au, 82Pb, 83Bi,

90Th, and 92U elements ionized by

– 19F ions in the energy range 76 - 114 MeV.

– 28Si ions in the energy range 84 - 140 MeV.

• Measurements performed at 15 UD Pelletron accelerator at IUAC, New Delhi.

• Measured cross sections reproduced by Ionisation cross-sections based on the ECUSAR theory and recently recommended set of the Li subshell fluorescence and Coster-Kronig yields after accounting for the effect of multiple ionisation.

X-ray production using Heavy ions

CYCLOTRON FACILITY

• Low energy (2 to 3 MeV) proton beam is being used for

(i) PIXE/PIGE experiments in the cyclotron lab.

(ii) Irradiation effects on polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), ethyle vinyl acetate (EVA), polycarbonate (PC) and blended PVC/PET were studied in collaboration with M S University of Baroda.

X-ray detector for PIXE measurements

PIXE Set up

Theoretical Nuclear Physics– Cluster radioactivity– Fusion– Multifragmentation– Nuclear flow and its disappearances – Particle production at intermediate energies

Recent Developments Proposal for 5 MV Tandetron accelerator (regional Centre) resubmitted and Proposal for 5 MV Tandetron accelerator (regional Centre) resubmitted and

defended before the Expert Committee of the DST. defended before the Expert Committee of the DST.

Cost estimate Rs.60 Crores (main machine, beam lines and major Cost estimate Rs.60 Crores (main machine, beam lines and major experimental apparatus) . (Recurring expenditure ~ 2 Crores)experimental apparatus) . (Recurring expenditure ~ 2 Crores)

Planned research programs using 5 MV Tandetron facility are Planned research programs using 5 MV Tandetron facility are Cluster PhysicsCluster Physics Neutron generation Neutron generation Accelerator Mass SpectrometryAccelerator Mass Spectrometry Material modification Material modification Characterization using Analytical techniques : RBS, PIXE, PIGE, ERDA, NRA, Characterization using Analytical techniques : RBS, PIXE, PIGE, ERDA, NRA,

Micro- beam facility and TOF set-up for heavy ion RBS. Micro- beam facility and TOF set-up for heavy ion RBS. Nuclear Astrophysics Nuclear Astrophysics PAC Experiments. It will also be used for production of radioisotopes for PAC Experiments. It will also be used for production of radioisotopes for

medical/industrial uses – New radioactive probes for PAC studies, PET sources, medical/industrial uses – New radioactive probes for PAC studies, PET sources, Positron sources for positron annihilation investigations and radio-active sources for Positron sources for positron annihilation investigations and radio-active sources for commercial values. commercial values.

Detector testing facility for International collaborations and Radiation damage Detector testing facility for International collaborations and Radiation damage studies.studies.

Experimental Condensed Matter Physics Lab

Synthesis, Characterization and Device Fabrication

II-VI NanomaterialsNanocomposites Core/shell structureNano-BiosensorsOrganic MaterialsCarbon and its alloys Oxide materialsGST materials

III-VI Layered Semiconductors and ChVS.

Current Activities of Solid State Group

• Thin films of different types of materials with complex optical properties preparation and characterization.

• Changes induced by light and heat are studied with a view to use them for future opto-electronic devices.

• Currently, we are using sputtering and resistive heating high vacuum deposition method for the thin films.

• For tailoring of material properties through careful modification of the chemical composition of the nanoparticles surface, it is desirable to have controlled methods of deposition of films on different substrates.

• Nanomaterials using chemical routes, inert gas condensation method, electrochemical deposition methods.

• Characterized thin films using structural, optical and electrical methods under vacuum.

• optical constants (refractive index, absorption coefficient, band gap etc at different temperatures (90 K to 400 K)).

• Measured optical nonlinearity in these thin films using Z-scan technique.

• Sensing application of films studied using electrical and optical methods.

Future Plans• CVD using diverse materials such as opto-electronic ones,

organic semiconductors, microcrystalline Si, ZnO ( p-type ZnO still a problem), CNTs, chalcogenide glasses etc.

• Thin films of organic hybrid materials (copper pthalocyanine etc.) for photovoltaic devices using CVD. Heterostructures of these materials for sensing of different gases.

• Topical : amorphous carbon (a-C), hydrogenated and nitrogenated a-C and nanocrystaline diamond as potential materials for high efficiency solar cell and electroluminescent devices, Plan to deposit their films using the CVD technique.

• Microcrystalline hydrogenated Si (mSi:H) deposition using the

MWCVD method. Biosensors using mSi:H for rapid detection

of organic (protein, nucleic acid etc) molecules.

• Chalcogenide materials with high crystallization rate, high

thermal stability etc., for optical memory device applications

• Nature of amorphous to crystalline transition crucial for

understanding switching operation of phase change materials.

The nonlinear behavior will be studied by z-scan technique.

• High excitonic energy of ZnO makes it candidate for light

emission applications. Light emission devices from ZnO

nanocrystalline thin films by deposition this using the CVD

• Waveguide structures using SHI irradiations at IUAC, N.

Delhi in chalcogenide thin films. Already irradiated

different glasses for the selection of the proper materials.

• Ellipsometry for measuring surface roughness, film

composition, degree of crystallinity etc. Non-destructive

method generally used in a wide variety of surface and

thin film studies, including biological systems.

Thin Film Deposition Systems

Vacuum Evaporation Unit Spin Coating Unit

Characterization Facilities

DEPT. OF PHYSICS, PANJAB UNIVERSITY UGC-CAS 2008-2013 First review April 2010 Second Review February...

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