DEPT. OF NATURAL RESOURCES GEOLOGY EARTH ...Washington. These quadrangle maps and supporting texts...

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GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON -SOUTHEAS.T QUADRANT

L1BRAt1Y DEPT. OF NATURAL RESOURCES

GEOLOGY & EARTH RESOURCES DtVIGION OLYMPIA, WA. 98504-7007

by

J. ERIC SCHUSTER, CHARLES W. GULICK, STEPHEN P. REIDEL,

KARL R. FECHT, AND STEPHANIE ZURENKO

WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES

GEOLOGIC MAP GM-45

1997

Division of Geology and Eat1h Resourw Ray t.asmanls, State Geologlst


Raymond Lasmanis, State Geologist

GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON -SOUTHEAST QUADRANT

by

J. ERIC SCHUSTER, CHARLES W. GULICK, STEPHEN P. REIDEL,

KARL R. FECHT, and STEPHANIE ZURENKO


GEOLOGIC MAP GM-45

1997

Photograph on envelope: Oblique aerial view of the Palouse Falls area on the lower Palouse River in Whitman and l=ranklin Counties. View is toward the southeast, and, at river distance, the view is about one mile wide. Palouse Falls (185 ft high) is in the lower center of the photograph, the dark linear feature in the foreground is a railroad cut, and the grove of trees is the parking area for Palouse Falls State Park. Several Columbia River basalt flows covered this area about 15 million years ago. In the Palouse River canyon the lowest flows are two flows of the Sentinel Bluffs unit in the upper part of the Grande Ronde Basalt; the lip of the falls is in the Palouse Falls flow, and the flow under the parking lot is the Ginkgo flow, both part of the Frenchman Springs Member of the Wanapum Basalt. Upland areas farther from the river expose the Roza and Priest Rapids Members of the Wanapum (Carson and Pogue, 1996, p. 19). After basalt eruptions ceased streams began to establish valleys on the basalt surface, and windblown loess began to accumulate, in some places to depths of more than 200 feet. The paleo-Palouse River flowed westward down what is now Washtucna Coulee. Several times between about 19,000 and 11,000 years ago glacial outburst flood waters from glacial Lake Missoula flowed down the Cheney-Palouse scabland tract, entered the area of the photograph by way of Washtucna Coulee, and overtopped the drainage divide between the paleo-Palouse River and the Snake River. The floods stripped away the covering of loess, selectively eroded fractured areas of the basalt to form canyons, and changed the course of the Palouse River so that the post-flood river joins the Snake River to the south instead of continuing down Washtucna Coulee. At the latitude of Palouse Falls the area stripped by the floods is more than seven miles wide. The fracture systems that control this part of the course of the Palouse River trend N. 50° E., N. 20° W., and N. 55° W. (Carson and Pogue, 1996, p. 19). The short canyons trending away from the viewer are developed along the N. 55° W. fracture system, and the stretch of canyon just above the falls is on a N. 20° W. fracture. Since the end of the glacial floods talus slopes have softened the profiles of the cliffs, winds have deposited a thin veneer of loess, and soil-forming processes have allowed grasses and sagebrush to take root, but the landscape, in essence, dates from the ice age. Photograph courtesy of R. E. Peterson, Richland, WA.

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Introduction . . .

Map compilation

Acknowledgments

Map design

Descriptions of map units .

List of named units .

Sources of map data

Correlation diagram .

CONTENTS

Distribution of map units and sources of unit description information

Edge matches with other state geologic quadrant maps . . . . . . . .

Bedrock geologic and tectonic map of the southeast quadrant ....

Additional information about members of the Columbia River Basalt Group

References cited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1. Index to sources of map data, scales 1:5,300 through 1:24,000

Figure 2. Index to sources of map data, scales 1 :24,370 through 1 :62,500

Figure 3. Index to sources of map data, scale 1: 100,000 . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 4. Index to sources of map data, scales 1: 125,000 through 1 :250,000

Figure 5. Generalized nomenclature and stratigraphic relations of

Page

1

1

2

2

3

3

3

3

10

10

13

13

15

4

5

6

7

Columbia River Basalt Group units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

TABLES

Table 1. Compiler, 1: 100,000-scale quadrangle, and OGER open-file report number for geologic maps in the southeast quadrant of Washington .

Table 2. Distribution of map units and sources of unit description information

PLATES

Sheet 1. Geologic map, key to geologic units, descriptions of map units

Sheet 2. Correlation diagram, list of named units, bedrock geologic and tectonic map

iii

1

11

GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON - SOUTHEAST QUADRANT

by

J. Eric Schuster1, Charles W. Gulick2 , Stephen P. Reidel3 ,

Karl R. Fecht4, and Stephanie Zurenko5

1 Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Earth Resources 2 Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Northeast Region

3 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 4 Bechtel Hanford Co.

5 Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Central Region; formerly Stephanie Z. Waggoner.

INTRODUCTION

The Geologic Map of Washington-Southeast Quadrant is the third in a series of four 1:250,000-scale geologic maps that together will make up the third geologic map of Washington published by the Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources and its predecessors. (The first is Stose, 1936, accompanied by Culver, 1936, and the second is Huntting and others, 1961.) The Geologic Map of WashingtonSouthwest Quadrant, the first map in the series, is available as Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Geologic Map GM-34 (Walsh and others, 1987). The second, Geologic Map of Washington-Northeast Quadrant, is available as GM-39 (Stoffel and others, 1991). The last map of the series, Geologic Map of Washington-Northwest Quadrant, is currently in preparation (April, 1997).

In addition to the 1:250,000-scale geologic map, this report includes a key to geologic units, descriptions of map units, a list of named units, a correlation diagram, information on the ages of geologic units, a table showing the distribution of map units and sources of unit description information, a 1 :625,000-scale bedrock geologic and tectonic map, source-of-data maps, and a list of references cited. A topographic base map, Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Topographic Map TM-3, is available separately.

MAP COMPILATION

The Moses Lake, Ritzville, and Rosalia 1: 100,000-scale quadrangle geologic maps (Gulick, 1990a, 1990b; Waggoner, 1990) were compiled as part of the effort to generate the 1:250,000-scale geologic map of the northeast quadrant of Washington (Stoffel and others, 1991). Preliminary compilation of the Geologic Map of Washington-Southeast Quadrant began in 1990 and 1991 when all available published and unpublished geologic information was compiled for the remaining 1:100,000-scale quadrangles in southeastern Washington. These quadrangle maps and supporting texts were finished in 1993 and 1994 and released as Division of Geology and Earth Resources (OGER) open-file reports (Table

1). No report was prepared for the Wenatchee quadrangle because a geologic map of that quadrangle has been published by the U.S. Geological Survey (Tabor and others, 1982).

Authors Reidel and Fecht, assisted by M. A. Chamness, performed new field mapping in the Richland and Priest Rapids 1: 100,000 quadrangles, and author Zurenko mapped a small area near the head of Rock Lake in the Rosalia 1: 100,000 quadrangle. New mapping was also acquired through a OGER geologic mapping support program, which funded two mapping projects in the southeast quadrant of Washington. (See Acknowledgments.)

Table 1. Compiler, 1: 100,000-scale quadrangle, and OGER open-file report number for geologic maps in the southeast quadrant of Washington

Compiler Quadrangle Open File Report Number

Gulick, C. W. Connell 94-14 Gulick, C. W. Moses Lake 90-1 Gulick, C. W. Pullman 94-6 Gulick, C. W. Ritzville 90-2 Reidel, S. P., Priest Rapids 94-13 Fecht, K. R.

Reidel, S. P., Richland 94-8 Fecht, K. R.

Schuster, J. E. Clarkston 93-4 Schuster, J. E. Goldendale 94-9 Schuster, J. E. Hermiston 94-9 Schuster, J. E. Orofino 93-4 Schuster, J. E. Toppenish 94-10 Schuster, J. E. Walla Walla 94-3

Wenatchee None (Tabor and others, 1982)

Schuster, J. E. Yakima 94-12 Waggoner, S. Z. Rosalia 90-7

2 GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON-SOUTHEAST QUADRANT

The 1:100,000-scale geologic maps and supporting data were then synthesized to prepare the l: 250, 000-scale geologic map and other components of this publication.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

A publication such as this would not be possible were it not for the efforts of many geologists over a period of many years. The contributions of those who have produced maps and reports we used as sources of information are acknowledged by citation. (See References Cited.) Others have contributed in other ways to the success of the state geologic map project and the publication of this report. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of those who are named below.

Cartographic and Editorial Support (OGER staff)

Nancy A. Eberle Carl F. T. Harris Anne Heinitz Keith G. Ikerd

Katherine M. Reed Jari M. Roloff Paul Weyant

Library Support (OGER staff)

Rebecca A. Christie Connie J. Manson

Geologic Field Mapping (OGER Geologic Mapping Support Program)

Beth A. Gillespie, Washington State University Peter R. Hooper, Washington State University Stephen P. Reidel, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Unpublished Geologic Mapping

Robert D. Bentley, Central Washington University Newell P. Campbell, Yakima Valley College Karl R. Fecht, Bechtel Hanford Co. Mike A. Hagood, Portland State University and

Westinghouse Hanford Co. Peter R. Hooper, Washington State University John (Jack) E. Powell, Washington State Department of

Natural Resources (formerly Central Washington University) Stephen P. Reidel, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Donald A. Swanson, U.S. Geological Survey Terry L. Tolan, Consulting Geologist, Kennewick, WA Stephanie Zurenko, Washington State Department of

Natural Resources Gary D. Webster, Washington State University

Whole-rock Geochemical Analyses

Peter R. Hooper, Washington State University

Field Trip Leaders

Beth A. Gillespie, Washington State University Peter R. Hooper, Washington State University Stephen P. Reidel, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Patrick K. Spencer, Whitman College

Review of 1: 100,000-scale Open-File Reports

Robert D. Bentley, Central Washington University Vic E. Camp, San Diego State University Newell P. Campbell, Yakima Valley College Peter R. Hooper, Washington State University

John Kauffman, University of Idaho, Idaho Water Resources Research Institute

Eugene P. Kiver, Eastern Washington University William M. Phillips, formerly OGER John (Jack) E. Powell, Washington State Department of

Natural Resources (formerly Central Washington University) Stephen P. Reidel, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Donald A. Swanson, U.S. Geological Survey Gary D. Webster, Washington State University

Review of 1:250,000-scale Geologic Map and Report

Donald A. Swanson, U.S. Geological Survey Ann Tallman, Kaiser Engineers Hanford Co. Terry L. Tolan, Consulting Geologist, Kennewick, WA Gary D. Webster, Washington State University

MAP DESIGN

Base Map

No appropriate topographic base map of Washington existed when this state geologic map project was initiated. Therefore, OGER chose to construct new 1:250,000-scale base maps by simplifying U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 1: 100,000-scale, metric-contour topographic maps of Washington. The 1:250,000-scale base maps were manually scribed from scale-stable reductions of l: 100,000-scale map separates. The control framework was a computer-generated latitude-longitude grid in a Universal Transverse Mercator Projection plotted by the USGS. The 1 :250,000-scale base map for the southeast quadrant of Washington is available as a separate publication (Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Topographic Map TM-3).

Geologic Map

The Geologic Map of Washington-Southeast Quadrant displays geologic units chiefly by age and lithology, not by geologic formations. Formations are shown only for Miocene volcanic rocks; without this subdivision much of the map would be too simplistic to be of much benefit to the map user.

A multiple-level scheme of colors, patterns, and map symbols has been used to portray age and lithology of geologic units on the 1:250,000-scale geologic map. (See Key to Geologic Units on Sheet 1.) The first level of detail, expressed by broad color ranges, distinguishes six general lithologic subdivisions: unconsolidated sedimentary deposits, sedimentary rocks and deposits, volcanic rocks, intrusive rocks, metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks, and metamorphic rocks. The second level of detail, expressed by variations of color within each broad color range, indicates age. The third level of detail, represented by patterns, distinguishes lithologic units or small groups of lithologic units. The fourth level of detail, represented by the map symbols, identifies individual geologic map units.

Standard USGS age symbols are used for some map units, but because of the prevalence of Tertiary rocks in Washington, each Tertiary epoch has been assigned a separate age symbol. The Tertiary symbols were chosen with the help of the editorial staff of the USGS (Denver), but the USGS has not formally adopted these symbols. Lithologic symbols used here were devised specifically for the OGER state geologic map project and are not standard USGS sym-

bols. Where formations are shown on the 1: 250, 000-scale geologic map, the map symbol includes a subscripted letter to distinguish it from other units of similar age and lithology. For example, the symbol for the Miocene Saddle Mountains Basalt is Mv8 . Subscripted numerals represent map units of similar lithologies, but of slightly different ages.

Because the 1 :250,000-scale map units are age-lithologic units, formations consisting of diverse types or ages of rocks are separated into their component lithologies and/or ages and included in more than one map unit. To determine all map units (symbols) by which a named unit (formation, group, or supergroup) is shown, consult the List of Named Units on Sheet 2.

DESCRIPTIONS OF MAP UNITS

A lithologic description of each unit on the 1:250,000-scale geologic map is given in the Descriptions of Map Units (Sheet 1). Quaternary sediments are described first, followed by sedimentary rocks and deposits, volcanic rocks, intrusive rocks, metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks, and metamorphic rocks. Within each lithologic group, map units are addressed in order of increasing age. Information concerning the ages and stratigraphic relations of the map units is given in the Correlation Diagram (Sheet 2). A tabulation in the section of this pamphlet titled Correlation Diagram presents additional information on the ages of geologic units. Table 2 shows the Distribution of Map Units and Sources of Unit Description Information in the southeast quadrant of Washington.

At the end of each unit description is a list of named units, if any, that make up the geologic map unit. Formally named formations that are included in lexicons published by the USGS are listed with the word "Formation" or the lithologic term capitalized. For informally named units the word "formation" or the lithologic term is not capitalized. Some map units consist of a single formation or part of a formation; others are a combination of named and unnamed units; still others consist only of unnamed age-lithologic units. If the map unit consists entirely of named units, the words "consists of" are applied to the list of names given. If the map unit contains both named and unnamed units, the word "includes" is used.

Sedimentary and volcanic rocks include sub-greenschist facies low-grade or unmetamorphosed deposits only. Metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks are composed of sedimentary and volcanic rocks that have been metamorphosed to the greenschist facies. Metamorphic rocks are those that have been metamorphosed to the amphibolite facies or higher.

LIST OF NAMED UNITS

The List of Named Units (Sheet 2) is a summary of named geologic units that appear in published literature. The list includes all formal and selected informal unit names that are currently in use or widely recognized. Some of the named geologic units are represented on the 1 :250,000-scale geologic map (Sheet 1) by a single symbol (age-lithologic unit),

DESCRIPTIONS OF MAP UNITS 3

whereas other named units are represented by two or more symbols. References cited for each named unit consist of the citation(s) in which the unit was defined, redefined, or extensively reviewed. Locations given for each named unit are intended to guide the map user to the 1: 100, 000-scale quadrangle(s) in which the named geologic unit occurs.

SOURCES OF MAP DATA

Figures 1 through 4 constitute a series of index maps that illustrate the areas covered by the sources of geologic mapping data used to compile the 1:250,000-scale geologic map. On each of these index maps, numbered areas correspond to abbreviated citations in the figure captions. Complete citations are given in the References Cited. Patterned areas on Figure 1 indicate areas where authors Reidel and Fecht, assisted by M. A. Chamness, performed original geologic mapping for the state geologic map project. Author Zurenko performed original geologic mapping in a small area of Precambrian rock outcrop (unit pCsc) near the head of Rock Lake in the Rosalia 1:100,000-scale quadrangle, but this area is too small to show on Figure 1. Plate or sheet numbers are specified only for reports that contain more than one map plate or sheet. Some unpublished maps, cited as unpublished maps in the References Cited, were used to compile the 1 :250,000-scale geologic map. They are available for inspection at the Division's Olympia office.

CORRELATION DIAGRAM

The age range for each age-lithologic unit on the 1:250,000-scale geologic map (Sheet 1) is represented by a colored box on the Correlation Diagram on Sheet 2. The color, pattern, and unit symbol in each box are the same as those for the unit's polygons on the map. Unit symbols on the diagram can be cross-referenced with the Descriptions of Map Units (Sheet 1) and the List of Named Units (Sheet 2). Additional information about the ages of geologic units is given in the tabulation below. Stratigraphic relationships within the Columbia River Basalt Group are shown in more detail in Figure 5.

Queries at the top and/or bottom of a box on the diagram indicate that the upper or lower age limits are uncertain.

We have used the geologic time scale devised for the "Correlation of Stratigraphic Units of North America (COSUNA)" project of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (Salvador, 1985) as the basis for this Correlation Diagram. Exceptions are (1) the EoceneOligocene boundary is placed at 35. 7 Ma (Montanari and others, 1985), (2) the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary is assigned a 1.6 Ma age (Aguirre and Pasini, 1985), and (3) the Proterozoic time scale is from Harrison and Peterman (1982).

Qd

Ola

Quaternary Sedimentary Deposits

Age inferred from geomorphology, ages of parent materials, and presence of interbedded Mazama tephra (about 7 ka, Kittleman, 1973, p. 2958; about 6.85 ka, Bacon, 1983).

Age inferred from geomorphology and stratigraphic position.


120° 0 118 , ,

I

------,47° 20

Figure 1. Index to sources of map data, scales 1:5,300 through 1:24,000.

1. Bentley, R. D.; Powell, J. E., Cent. Wash. Univ., unpub. mapping, 1984 (10 sheets, scale 1:12,000)

2. Burlington Environmental, Inc., 1990 (figure 3-1, scale 1: 18,000)

3. Campbell, N. P., Yakima Valley Coll., unpub. mapping, 1978a (12 sheets, scale 1:24,000)

4. Campbell, N. P., Yakima Valley Coll., unpub. mapping, 1978b (11 sheets, scale 1:24,000)

5. Campbell, N. P., Yakima Valley Coll., unpub. mapping, 1978c (11 sheets, scale 1:24,000)

6. Fecht, 1978 (plate 1, scale 1 :24,000)

7. Gillespie, B. A.; Hooper, P.R., Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1991 (2 sheets, scale 1:24,000t

8. Goff, 1981 (plate 1, scale 1:24,000)

9. Hagood, 1985 (scale 1:24,000)

10. Hagood, 1986a (scale 1:24,000)

11. Hagood, M. C., Westinghouse Hanford Co., unpub. mapping, 1986b (6 sheets, scale 1:24,000)

EXPLANATION

12. Hammatt and Blinman, 1977 (scale 1 :24,000)

13. Hooper, P. R., Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1991 (scale 1:24,000)

14. Marshall, 1971 (scale 1:6,600)

15. Price, 1982 (plate 4, scale 1:5,300)

16. Swanson and Helz, 1979 (sheets 4-8, scale 1:24,000)

17. Webster, G. D., Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1978a (32 sheets, scale 1: 24,000)

18. Webster, G. D., Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1978b (29 sheets, scale 1 :24,000)

19. Webster, G. D., Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1978c (13 sheets, scale 1:24,000)

20. Webster, G. D., Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1978d (16 sheets, scale 1 :24,000)

Patterned area is unpublished mapping for this report by S. P. Reidel and K. R. Fecht, assisted by M. A. Chamness.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

3,15

' 120°

... _ I I

CORRELATION DIAGRAM 5

0 117

Figure 2. Index to sources of map data, scales 1:24,370 through 1:62,500.

EXPLANATION

Bentley and others, 1988a (scale 1:48,000) 12. Myers, Price, and others, 1979 (plate Ill-1, Bentley and others, 1988b (scale 1 :48,000) scale 1 :62,500)

Bentley and others, 1993 (sheets 1, 3 and 4, 13. Reidel, 1988 (plates 1, 2, and 3, scale 1 :48,000) scale 1:31,680) 14. Reidel and others, 1992 (scale 1 :48,000) Campbell, 1988 (plate 5, scale 1 :62,500) 15. Shannon & Wilson, Inc., 1977 (figure 2R H.7-3, Gard and Waldron, 1954 (scale 1 :62,500) scale 1 :62,500)

Golder Associates, Inc., 1992 (figure 4-2, scale 16. Shannon & Wilson, Inc., 1977 (figure 2R H.8-2, about 1:24,370) scale 1 :62,500)

Grolier and Bingham, 1971 (scale 1:62,500) 17. Swanson and Wright, 1983 (scale 1:48,000)

Hooper, P.R., Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 18. Waldron and Gard, 1954 (scale 1 :62,500) 1986 (scale 1 :48, 000) 19. Waldron and Gard, 1955 (scale 1 :62,500) Hooper and Webster, 1982 (scale 1 :62,500) 20. Webster, G. D., Wash. State Univ., unpub. Hooper and others, 1985 (scale 1:48,000) mapping, 1978c (3 sheets, scale 1:62,500)

Myers, 1973 (figure 4, scale 1:31,680) 21. Webster, G. D., Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1978d (4 sheets, scale 1 :62,500)


1 ', 7 ~;----.~~------~----4~----------...:.'r18it0 ;-----------147°15' 120°30

1

120° 119° 4'/015• 15 2

Figure 3. Index to sources of map data, scale 1:100,000.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Gulick, 1990a (scale 1:100,000)

Gulick, 1990b (scale 1: 100,000)

Gulick, 1994a (scale 1:100,000)

Gulick, 1994b (scale 1,100,000)

Hays and Schuster, 1983 (scale 1:100,000)

Hays and Schuster, 1987 (scale 1: 100,000)

Reidel and Fecht, 1994a (scale 1:100,000)

8. Reidel and Fecht, 1994b (scale l: 100,000)

9. Reidel, S. P., Wash. State Univ.; Tolan, T. L., consulting geologist, Kennewick, WA, unpub. mapping, 1991 (scale 1,100,000)

EXPLANATION

10. Schuster, 1993 (scale 1:100,000)

11. Schuster, 1994a (scale 1,100,000)

12. Schuster, 1994b (scale 1:100,000)

13. Schuster, 1994c (scale 1:100,000)

14. Schuster, 1994d (scale 1:100,000)

15. Tabor and others, 1982 (scale 1:100,000)

16. Waggoner, 1990 (scale 1,100,000)


120°301 0 117

0 120° 0 118

47°151 119 47°15

1

4,7 6,10

470 ~70

,1,9 I / F

t I

' ., I I

46° 30 1

f1 + 46° 301

10 ~·

{\ 4

Figure 4. Index to sources of map data, scales 1: 125,000 through 1:250,000.

1.

2.

3.

4.

Campbell and others, 1979 (scale 1 :250,000)

Foundation Sciences, Inc., 1980 (plate 2, scale 1:170,000)

Foundation Sciences, Inc., 1980 (plate 3, scale 1:125,000)

Geomatrix Consultants, Inc., 1990 (figure 2, scale 1,250,000)

5. Griggs, 1966 (scale 1: 125,000)

EXPLANATION

6. Griggs, 1973 (scale 1 :250,000)

7. Hanson and others, 1979 (scale 1 :250,000)

8. Kiver and others, 1979 (scale 1 :250,000)

9. Rigby and others, 1979 (plate 7, scale 1 :250,000)

10. Swanson and others, 1979a (scale 1 :250,000)

11. Swanson and others, 1980 (scale 1 :250,000)


SERIES GROUP SUB-

FORMATION MEMBER ISOTOPIC MAGNETIC

GROUP AGE(Ma) POLARITY

LOWER MONUMENTAL MC:MBER 6 fl ... .................................... ............ ..,. ..,. .,,A ",.. ..... /'>• . .,;A

ICE HARBOR MEMBER 8 5

basalt of Goose Island -~-·-- _ _____Ii__

v basalt of Martindale R Q_ basalt of Basin City Jl. Q_

:J VV'V V'

BUFORD MEMBER

en ELEPHANT MOUNTAII~ M':MBER 10.5 fU

z basalt of Ward Ga:) N,T

~ basalt of Elephant Mountain N,T - IA A A A.AAA A A..,,A...,A..,,A A.,,A..,,A.,..A.., ....................................... ..................

z ,.P.OlASJ~f: ~f ~~E.R ••• . . n. • .R ••• ::J~ V VY ...............

ESOUATZEL MEMBER IL Q<( IA ... AA V • V

:::!!:00 WEISSENFELS RIDGE MEMBER <(

basalt of Sli[)Qery Creek N WID ·-

....I basalt of Tenmite Creek ·---- -- _ _____Ji__ Cl basalt of Lewiston Orchards N Cl basalt of Cloverland N <( en ASOTIN MEMBER

13 N basalt of Hun\zing er a.. IA.,.;"'•,,,,;""•..,, A . .,,: ... ,.. ,A..,, A..,, A..,, A.., A .. ,,;A.,, A..., A.,, ..,, ,.. .,.;A.,.:"'• . .,,;A . .,,;A A..,,A..,,A,,,;"'• A.,,A.,,A..,A..,A

::J WILBUR CREEK MEMBrn N 0 a.. basalt of LO[)WOi a: ::J •• pg_s.911 .o! .w.o~tl'~e •• N ••• (!) 0 VV'V'VVV'YV'VYYYYV ............ vvv V

a: UMATILLA MEMBER

~ (!) basalt of Sillusi N <( ID basalt of Umatilla I~ en ::J

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA A...,:A A..,;"'\.,A ............................................................ V V V

w <( en PRIEST RAPIDS MEMBrn z _QJ ID basal\ of Lolo 14.5 R w u ~ u cJ a: .... A ~~s~ 11 .... 01 .... R;:;..0li~ ............... A ... A

R 2 E <( ....... : ....... : ..... .,: .. AA

::::.C w ROZAMEMBERVVVVVVVVVTV .vff.v. > en & .. &A&A .. A ........................

<( ,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,.,,. vvv vvv ,,.,,. ........

a: ID :::!!: FRENCHMAN SPRINGS IAEMBER

::J~ basalt of Lyons Fc-rrv N

::s ----<( O..<( basalt of SentineJ_Gao N

ID ~ <r.cn basalt of Sand Hollow 15 3 N ~ 52 Z<( basalt of Silver Fat ts N,E ::J ~ ~ID basalt of Ginkgo E ....I -~

0 basalt of Palouse Falls E

(.) ECKLER MOUNTAIN 1-AEHBER basalt of Shumaku Creek ti

basalt of Dodge N basalt of Robinette, Mountoin N ....................................... ........ .................... ................................................................ ,,. ............ vvv

/ Sentinel Bluffs unit 15.6

Stock Canyon unit

Fields Spring unit N2 ·--

Winter Water unit

w / Umtanum unit

Cl Ortley unit z ~ Armstrong Canyon unit 0~

Meyer Ridge unit CC<( Oen Grouse Creek unit R2

z< Wapshitta Ridge urit <(ID Mt. Horrible unit a: China Creek unit (!) --:7

NI Downey Gulch unit L__

Center Creek unit

Rogersburg unit

TEEPEE BUTTE MDABEf; RI

Buckhorn Springs unit 16.9 -17.0 ~1___

v IMNAHA See Hooper and others T 3 BASALT (1984) for tmnal a units t,

0 S!

i 7 -3 Ro

Figure 5. Generalized nomenclature and stratigraphic relations of Columbia River basalt units. Modified from Reidel and others (1989).

Qa Age of streambed deposits inferred from paleomagnetics, geomorphology, ages of parent materials, and the presence of Mazama tephra (about 7 ka, Kittleman, 1973; about 6.85 ka, Bacon, 1983), Mount St. Helens set S tephra (about 13 ka; Mullineaux and others, 1978, p. 178) and Glacier Peak tephras G and B (about 11.25 ka; Mack and others 1983; Mehringer and others, 1984). Age of alluvial fans inferred from geomorphology, absence of caliche, and ages of parent materials; fans located below maximum elevation of glacial Lake Missoula outburst flooding are younger than the outburst flood deposits and are, therefore, Holocene; fans located above the maximum elevation of Pleistocene outburst flooding are Holocene or older; includes older alluvial fans (shown elsewhere as unit Qoa) in the Priest Rapids and Richland 1:100,000 quadrangles.

Qls Age inferred from geomorphology, stratigraphic position, pedogenic carbonate development, and ages of parent materials.

Qoa Age inferred from geomorphology, degree of cementing, and caliche development.

Qt Age inferred from geomorphology.

Qfb Swanson (1984, p. 49-52) suggests an age of 15 ka based on 14C age estimates, sedimentology, and biostratigraphy in the Lake Bonneville area and stratigraphic position of deposits beneath glacial Lake Missoula outburst flood deposits in the Lewiston area; radiocarbon dates from wood collected in Lake Bonneville paleodeltas are 14-15 ka (Scott and others, 1982); Scott and Shroba (1980) estimate an age of 10-15 ka for soils buried by Bonneville deposits.

QI Paleomagnetic measurements show that the second oldest loess unit in the Priest Rapids and Richland 1: 100,000 quadrangles was deposited during the Matuyama Reversed-Polarity Chron (at least 790 ka), and the oldest loess unit is commonly capped by silcrete and is early Pleistocene or perhaps late Pliocene in age (Reidel and Fecht, 1994a, 1994b); uppermost loess locally contains Mazama tephra (Foley, 1982, p. 90), about 6.85-7 ka (Kittleman, 1973; Bacon, 1983); locally contains Glacier Peak G and B tephras (about 11.25 ka), Mount St. Helens S (13 ka; Mullineaux and others, 1978) and M (about 20 ka; Smith, 1980) tephras.

Qfs Youngest deposits are from floods that originated from ice dams along the Columbia River and are no older than the age of retreat of the ice from the Columbia River valley; most of the unit is associated with the last advance of the continental ice sheet and is thought to be younger than about 19 ka and older than about 11 ka on the basis of 14C determinations that constrain the ages of advance and retreat of the Columbia ice lobe in southernmost British Columbia (Wait!, 1980); Mount St. Helens set S tephra, with an isotopic age estimate of 13 ka (Mullineaux and others, 1978), occurs below the top of the unit (Wait!, 1980); in the Priest Rapids and Richland 1:100,000 quadrangles the unit has been divided into four time-stratigraphic subunits on the basis of magnetic polarity, presence of tephra beds, pedogenic carbonate and other soil development, and stratigraphic position; the second oldest of these subunits is capped by pedogenic carbonate (stage III or IV of Machette, 1985), and the oldest has reversed magnetic polarity and is at least 790 ka (Reidel and Fecht 1994a, 1994b).


Qfg In the Priest Rapids and Richland 1: 100,000 quadrangles the unit has been divided into four subunits on the basis of magnetic polarity, presence of tephra beds, pedogenic carbonate development, and stratigraphic position; the oldest and second oldest subunits are capped by pedogenic carbonate and cambic soil horizons; contains Mount St. Helens set S tephra (13 ka); same age as outburst flood deposits, silt and sand (unit Qfs).

Sedimentary Rocks and Deposits Qli'ls Age poorly constrained; younger than members of mid

dle and upper Miocene Saddle Mountains Basalt that are involved in the landslides; here assumed to be postMiocene.

Qli'cg Overbank facies has reversed magnetic polarity (Van Alstine, 1982); underlies oldest Pleistocene outburst flood deposits (top scoured by Pleistocene outburst floods); overlies Ringold Formation and Ice Harbor Member of Saddle Mountains Basalt; age is greater than about 1 Ma and less than 3 Ma.

QMcg Older than glacial Lake Missoula outburst flood and/or Bonneville flood deposits and younger than the Lower Monumental Member and/or Pomona Member (older than about 19 ka and younger than 12 Ma; most gravels probably younger than 6 Ma) (Hooper and others, 1985; Reidel and others, 1992).

Reg The gravels have yielded fission-track ages of 3.64 ± 0. 74 and 3. 70 ± 0.2 Ma and are thought to lie wholly within the Pliocene (Waitt, 1979, p. 11).

RMc Overlain by unconsolidated Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits and underlain by the Ice Harbor Member of the Saddle Mountains Basalt (Fecht and others, 1985; Lindsey, 1991), which was dated at 8.5 Ma by McKee and others (1977). At the White Bluffs, the lower 20 m of the Ringold has normal magnetic polarity, and the upper 100 m has reversed polarity (Packer and Johnston, 1979; Rigby and others, 1979). Vertebrate fossils (Gustafson, 1978; Strand and Hough, 1952) and magnetic polarity data indicate that the unit is older than 3.4 Ma (Fecht and others, 1985, p. 37).

RMcg Age is the same as unit RMc.

RMa Age inferred from geomorphology, variable induration with pedogenic carbonate, and ages of parent materials.

Mc Older than the overlying Thorp Gravel (unit Reg, see discussion of age above); younger than the underlying unit of the Columbia River Basalt Group (units Mvs, Mvw, or Mvg, see discussions of age below); Campbell and Reidel (1991) place the age range of the Ellensburg Formation between 16.5 million and about 5 million years.

Meg Interfingers with other fluvial and laharic deposits of the Ellensburg Formation, overlies the Priest Rapids Member of the Wanapum Basalt or one of the members of the Saddle Mountains Basalt, underlies the Pliocene Thorp Gravel (unit Reg), and is upper or middle Miocene in age. In the Orofino 1: 100,000 quadrangle underlies the lower Miocene lmnaha Basalt and is assumed to be early Miocene in age.

Ee, Northwest of the map area, in the Wenatchee 1: 100,000-scale quadrangle, contains tuffs that yielded ages of 49-50 Ma (Tabor and others, 1982).

Jm Callovian to Oxfordian age on the basis of ammonites (Vallier, 1977, p. 51).


Volcanic Rocks

Columbia River Basalt Group

Mv. Saddle Mountains Basalt. Lower Monumental Member has yielded a K-Ar age of approximately 6 Ma (McKee and others, 1977). Ice Harbor Member is about 8. 5 Ma, based on K-Ar age estimates (McKee and others, 1977). Elephant Mountain Member has produced K-Ar age estimates of 10.5 Ma (McKee and others, 1977) and 9.4 ± 0.7 Ma and 10.7 ± 0.8 Ma (Stoffel, 1984). The Pomona Member has been isotopically dated at 12 Ma (K-Ar method) by McKee and others (1977) and 12 Ma (40Ar-39Ar method) (S. P. Reidel, Wash. State Univ., unpub. data, 1991). Asotin Member was K-Ar dated at 13 Ma by Reidel and Fecht (1987, p. 666). Overlies the Priest Rapids Member of the Wanapum Basalt, which has been K-Ar dated at 14.5 Ma (Tolan and others, 1989).

Mvw Wanapum Basalt. Priest Rapids Member K-Ar dated at 14.5 Ma (Tolan and others, 1989). The basalt of Sand Hollow, a flow in the Frenchman Springs Member, yielded an isotopic age estimate of 15.3 Ma (Tolan and others, 1989). Overlies the Grande Ronde Basalt, which is as young as 15.6 Ma.

Mv9 Grande Ronde Basalt. Isotopically (K-Ar; 40Ar-39Ar) dated at about 15.6 to 16.9 Ma (Baksi, 1989, p. 109; age information summarized by Reidel and others, 1989).

Mvi 9 Same age as non-invasive Grande Ronde Basalt (Mvg).

Mv; Imnaha Basalt. K-Ar age 17.3-17.0 Ma (Baksi, 1989, p. 109).

Intrusive Rocks Kia At Viola, Idaho (northwest end of Moscow Mountain),

unit yielded a K-Ar age estimate of 67.8 ± 2.5 Ma (Geochron No. B-4991)(Webster and Nunez, 1982).

Kigd Underlies magnetostratigraphic unit Nl of the Grande Ronde Basalt. Occurrence is the westernmost of several Cretaceous igneous stocks that include the monzodiorite on Paradise Ridge (in Idaho), the tonalite (unit Kit) of Bald Butte, and the granodiorite (unit Kia) at and near Viola, Idaho, 11 miles (18 km) northeast of Pullman. Owing to similarity to these Cretaceous silicic igneous stocks to the east, a Cretaceous age is likely.

Kit A sample from the Chambers Road-U.S. Highway 195 junction (in Idaho) yielded a K-Ar age of 69.8 ± 2.6 Ma (Geochron No. B-4992) (Hooper and Webster, 1982).

KJi A Cretaceous or Jurassic age was assigned because the unit is slightly metamorphosed and intrudes Triassic and Jurassic rocks.

Metasedimentary and Metavolcanic Rocks pTmt Age unknown. Unconformably overlain by Grande

Ronde Basalt. Assigned a pre-Tertiary age because the unit is metamorphosed (greenschist facies).

pKq Intruded by Cretaceous intrusive rocks. Savage (1973) assigned rocks of Kamiak Butte and other quartzite steptoes to the Precambrian Belt Supergroup (Ravalli Group, Revett Formation). Griggs (1973) assigned similar rocks in the Spokane 1: 250, 000-scale quadrangle to the Revet! and Burke Formations. Savage suggested that Kamiak Butte and similar steptoes are block-faulted remnants isolated from the main mass of the northern Rocky Mountains and that the sediments originally formed in a shallow, shoreline-intertidal en-

vironment, but others believe that these pure quartzites are unlike the relatively impure, laminated, micaceous quartzites typical of the Belt Supergroup and have instead tentatively correlated "orthoquartzites of Kamiak Butte type" with similar Upper Proterozoic to Lower Cambrian quartzites (Addy and Gypsy Quartzites) of northeastern Washington (Hooper and Webster, 1982). We show the Belt Supergroup correlation as far south as the southern boundary of the Rosalia 1:100,000 quadrangle (units Yms4 and Yms2), following the usage of Waggoner (1990). Farther south, we show the rocks as pKq, following neither the Belt nor the Addy/Gypsy correlation because of the distance from known Belt or Addy/Gypsy rocks.

RCb Norian age on the basis of ammonites (Vallier, 1977, p. 50).

Amt Doyle Creek Formation is Karnian and possibly early Norian age on the basis of Karnian fossils in the underlying Wild Sheep Creek Formation and Norian fossils in the overlying Martin Bridge Limestone (Vallier, 1977, p. 44-45). Wild Sheep Creek Formation is Ladinian to Karnian age on the basis of ammonites and pelecypods (Vallier, 1977, p. 36).

Yms4 Considered Precambrian Y on the basis of a possible lithologic correlation with the Striped Peak Formation, Missoula Group, Belt Supergroup (Waggoner, 1990).

Yms2 Considered Precambrian Y on the basis of a correlation with the undivided Revet! and Burke Formations, Ravalli Group, Belt Supergroup, made by Griggs (1973). (See further discussion above under pKq.)

Metamorphic Rocks

pCsc Overlain by the Grande Ronde Basalt. Considered Precambrian on the basis of a possible correlation with the Precambrian Y Prichard Formation, the lowest formation of the Belt Supergroup (Waggoner, 1990).

DISTRIBUTION OF MAP UNITS AND SOURCES OF UNIT DESCRIPTION

INFORMATION

Table 2 on the following pages shows the distribution of each geologic unit in southeastern Washington. Distribution is shown by indicating the 1: 100 ,000-scale quadrangle(s) in which each geologic unit occurs. Because this information was compiled from 1:100,000-scale quadrangle reports (listed in Table 1), the 1 :250,000-scale geologic map on Sheet 1 does not show precisely the same distribution, owing to the elimination of some small occurrences during the compilation process. Table 2 also lists the sources of information from which the unit descriptions were compiled. Full references to these sources can be found in References Cited.

EDGE MATCHES WITH OTHER STATE

GEOLOGIC QUADRANT MAPS

Geologic units on the north and west edges of the southeast-quadrant 1:250,000-scale geologic map match well with the geologic units shown on the south edge of the geologic map of the northeast quadrant of Washington (Stoffel and others, 1991) and with the units along the east edge of the geologic map of the southwest quadrant (Walsh and others, 1987).

Map unit

Qd

Ola

Oa

Ols

Qoa

Qt

QI

Ofs

EDGE MATCHES WITH OTHER STATE GEOLOGIC QUADRANT MAPS 11

Table 2. Distribution of map units and sources of unit description information. 1: 100,000 quadrangle abbreviations: CL, Clarkston; CO, Connell; GO, Goldendale; HE, Hermiston; ML, Moses Lake; OR, Orofino; PR, Priest Rapids; PU, Pullman; RI, Richland; RT, Ritzville; RO, Rosalia; TO, Toppenish; WW, Walla Walla; WE, Wenatchee; YA, Yakima. Although the members of the Columbia River Basalt Group formations are not divided out on the geologic map (Sheet 1), their distribution is included here. See Figure 5 for the stratigraphic position of the members

1:100,000-scale quadrangle(s)

CO,GO,HE, ML,PR,PU, RI, WW, WE

CO,PU

All

All

TO,YA

GO, HE, PU, TO, WE, YA

CL,CO,OR, PU

All

All except RO

Sources of unit description information

Grolier and Bingham, 1971; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1994a, 1994b; Rigby and others, 1979

Rigby and others, .1979

Baker and others, 1991; Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993; Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and Webster, 1982; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1994a, 1994b; Reidel and others, 1992; Rigby and others, 1979; Swanson and others, 1980; Swanson and Wright, 1983

Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993; Fecht, 1978; Grolier and Bingham, 1971; Hanson and others, 1979; Hooper and others, 1985; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel, 1988; Reidel and Fecht, 1994a, 1994b; Rigby and others, 1979; Swanson and others, 1979a; Swanson and Wright, 1983

Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993

Bentley and others, 1993; Rigby and others, 1979

Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and Webster, 1982; Reidel and others, 1992

Baker and others, 1991; Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993; Grolier and Bingham, 19 71; Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and Webster, 1982; P. R. Hooper, Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1986; McDonald and Busacca, 1989; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1994a, 1994b; Reidel and others, 1992; Rigby and others, 1979

Baker and others, 1991; Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993; Grolier and Bingham, 1971; Hanson and others, 1979; Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and Webster. 1982; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1994a, 1994b; Reidel and others, 1992; Rigby and others, 1979; Van Alstine, 1982

Map unit

Qfg


All except CL, OR,TO

Oft>ls CL, OR

Qft>cg PR, RI

OMcg CL, CO, OR, PU,WW

Reg WE, YA

ft>Mc CO, ML, PR, Rl,RT,WW, YA

ft>Mcg ML, PR, RI, WW,YA

ft>Ma PR

Mc GO, HE, PR, PU, RI, TO, WE, YA

Meg GO, HE, PR, TO.YA

Ee, WE

Jm OR


Baker and others, 1991; Grolier and Bingham, 1965, 1971; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht 1994a, 1994b; Rigby and others, 1979

Hooper and others, 1985; Reidel and others, 1992

Reidel, 1988; Reidel and Fecht, 1994a, 1994b

Hooper and others, 1985; Reidel and others, 1992; Rigby and others, 1979

Bentley and others, 1993; Rigby and others, 1979; Waitt, 1979

Grolier and Bingham, 1971, 1978; Lindsey, 1991; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Newcomb and others, 1972; Rigby and others, 1979

Grolier and Bingham, 1978; Lindsey, 1991; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Newcomb and others, 1972; Rigby and others, 1979

Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel, 1988; Rigby and others, 1979

Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993; Hooper and others, 1985; Reidel and Fecht, 1981, 1994a, 1994b; Reidel and others, 1992; Smith, 1988; Swanson and others, 1979a; Swanson and Wright, 1983

Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993; Reidel, 1988; Reidel and others, 1992; Smith, 1988; Swanson and others, 1979a

Tabor and others, 1982

Morrison, 1964; Reidel and others, 1992; Vallier and Hooper, 1976; Val-lier, 1977

Mv. (Saddle Mountains Basalt)

Lower Monumental Member CL, CO, PU Swanson and others, 1980; Hooper

and others, 1985

lee Harbor Member PR.RI, WW

Buford Member CL

Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Swanson and Helz, 1979; Swanson and others, 1980

Hooper and others, 1985; Reidel and others, 1992; Swanson and others, 1980


Table 2. Distribution of map units and sources of unit description information (continued)

Map unit



Elephant Mountain Member CL, CO, GO, Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, HE, OR, PR, 1983; P. R. Hooper, Wash. State RI, TO, WW, Univ., unpub. mapping, 1986; Hooper YA and others, 1985; Myers, Price, and

others, 1979; Reidel and others, 1992; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1980; Swanson and Wright, 1983

Pomona Member CL, CO, GO, Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, HE,PR,PU,RI, 1993; Hooper and others, 1985; TO, WW, YA Swanson and others, 1979a, 1980

Esquatzel Member CO,PR,PU, RI, YA

Bentley and others, 1993; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1979b, 1980

Weissenfels Ridge Member CL, OR, PU, Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and RO Webster, 1982; Reidel and others,

1992; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1980

Asotin Member CL,CO,OR, PR, PU, YA

Wilbur Creek Member CL, CO, OR, PR,PU,YA

Umati/la Member CL,GO,HE, OR, PR, PU, RI, TO,WW, YA

Mvw (Wanapum Basalt)

Priest Rapids Member

Bentley and others, 1993; P. R. Hooper, Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1986; Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and Webster, 1982; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981, 1987; Reidel and others, 1992; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1979b, 1980

Bentley and others, 1993; Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and Webster, 1982; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981, 1987; Reidel and others, 1992; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1979b, 1980

Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993; P. R. Hooper, Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1986; Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and Webster, 1982; Reidel and Fecht, 1981; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and others, 1992; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1980

All Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993; P. R. Hooper, Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1986; Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and Webster, 1982; Myers, Price, and

Map unit



others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981; Reidel and others, 1992; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1980

Roza Member All except HE Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b,

1993; Grolier and Bingham, 1978; P. R. Hooper, Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1986; Hooper and others, 1985; Hooper and Webster, 1982; Martin, 1989; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981; Reidel and others, 1992; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1979b, 1980

Frenchman Springs Member All except OR, Beeson and others, 1985; Bentley and RO others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993; Grolier

and Bingham, 1978; Myers, Price, and others, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1979b, 1980; Swanson and Wright, 1983

Eckler Mountain Member CL, OR, PU, WW

Hooper and others, 1985; Reidel and others, 1992; Swanson and others, 1980; Swanson and Wright, 1983

Mv9 (Grande Ronde Basalt)

N2 AllexceptHE, Camp and others, 1978; P.R.

Mvi 9

Mv;

Kia

Kigd

Kit

KJi

pTmt

OR, RT, TO Hooper, Wash. State Univ., unpub. mapping, 1986; Hooper and others, 1985; Reidel, 1983; Reidel and others, 1989, 1992; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1979b, 1980; Swanson and Wright 1983

CL, ML,OR, PR,PU,WW, WE, YA CL, OR, PU, WW,WE CL.OR, PU, WW,WE WE

CL.OR

PU

PU

PU

OR

CL

Same as N2

Same as N2

Same as N2

Tabor and others, 1982

Hooper and others, 1985; Reidel and others, 1992; Swanson and others, 1980

Rigby and others, 1979

Hammatt and Blinman, 1976; Hooper and Rosenberg, 1970; Shedd, 1903; Treasher, 1925

Hoffman, 1932; Hooper and Webster, 1982

Reidel and others, 1992; Vallier and Hooper, 1976)

Swanson and others, 1980

BEDROCK GEOLOGIC AND TECTONIC MAP OF THE SOUTHEAST QUADRANT 13

Map unit

pKq

F!Cb

l!mt

Yms4

Yms2

pCsc

Table 2. Distribution of map units and sources of unit description information (continued)

1:100,000-scale quadrangle{s)

PU

OR

OR

RO

RO

RO


Hooper and Webster, 1982; Webster and Nunez, 1982; Savage, 1973; Treasher, 1925

Reidel and others, 1992; Vallier, 1977; Vallier and Hooper, 1976

Reidel and others, 1992; Vallier, 1977; Vallier and Hooper, 1976

Waggoner, 1990

Waggoner, 1 990

Waggoner, 1990

Faults match well between the southeast· and northeast· quadrant maps. Fault locations match relatively well between the southeast and southwest quadrants, but there are some apparent changes in the type of fault. These changes are not compilation errors, but reflections of differences in interpreta· tion between different source-map authors or between the same authors' maps published at different times. Many of these apparent fault-type changes are also present on the structure map of the Columbia Basin by Tolan and Reidel (1989). There is, as yet, no new mapping available to resolve these differences.

Folds match well between the northeast and southeast 1 :250,000-scale quadrant maps, except for a syncline located just west of the Columbia River that is shown on the southeast quadrant map, but, for unknown reasons, not on the northeast quadrant map. The syncline is clearly shown extending into the northeast quadrant on the source map used for both quad· rant maps (Tabor and others, 1982). An anticline on Ahtanum Ridge, south of Yakima, is shown on the southwest quadrant geologic map, but not on the southeast quadrant map. The fold apparently ends at the boundary between the two maps, because the geologic map by Bentley and others (1993) does not show the fold extending east of 120°30'W. Differences in folds between the southeast and southwest quadrant maps south of 46°N are, like the differences between faults, due to differences between interpretations by different source-map authors at different times, and newer mapping is not yet available to resolve the differences.

Although it is not an edge-match problem, the reader should be aware that the age of the Ringold Formation has been reinterpreted since the northeast-quadrant 1:250,000-scale geologic map was published. On the northeast-quadrant map (Stoffel and others, 1991) the Ringold was represented as Pleistocene-Pliocene in age (unit symbol QRcg). The Ringold is now interpreted as Pliocene-Miocene in age (Lindsey, 1991), and is shown as units Ji>Mc and Ji>Mcg.

The 1 :625,000-scale geologic maps for the northeast and southeast quadrants differ in that the southeast quadrant shows several folds that do not appear on the northeast quad· rant map. In some instances, it appears that the northeast

quadrant map does not show the folds because they extend only a short distance into the northeast quadrant. In other instances the reasons why the folds were not shown on the northeast quadrant are not apparent.

BEDROCK GEOLOGIC AND TECTONIC MAP OF THE SOUTHEAST QUADRANT

The 1 :625,000-scale Bedrock Geologic and Tectonic Map on Sheet 2 is a simplified version of the 1 :250,000-scale geologic map (Sheet 1). This map omits unconsolidated sedimentary deposits and combines similar bedrock geologic units for simplicity. The simplified design of geologic units allows other elements of the geology, such as folds, faults, and dikes to show more clearly. Because the bedrock geologic units have been combined, the colors used on this map differ from those on Sheet 1.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT MEMBERS OF THE

COLUMBIA RIVER BASALT GROUP

The members of the formations in the Columbia River Basalt Group are· not shown on the geologic map (Sheet 1 ). The following descriptive information supplements that given in the Descriptions of Map Units on Sheet 1. See Figure 5 for the stratigraphic positions of these units.

Saddle Mountains Basalt

Lower Monumental Member-Single flow; nearly aphyric; microphenocrysts of olivine in opaque glass; rare plagioclase phenocrysts as long as 10 mm; normal mag· netic polarity (Choiniere and Swanson, 1979); occurs as an intracanyon flow along the Snake River.

Ice Harbor Member-Flows, vents, northwest-trending feeder dikes, and minor tephra; plagioclase phenocrysts common· ly more tabular (needlelike in cross section) than in other Saddle Mountains Basalt flows; consists of three informal units, from top to bottom, basalt of Goose Island with low-latitude normal magnetic polarity (Choiniere and Swan· son, 1979), basalt of Martindale with reversed magnetic polarity (Choiniere and Swanson, 1979), and basalt of Basin City with normal magnetic polarity (Choiniere and Swanson, 1979); feeder dikes occur near Ice Harbor Dam in the Walla Walla 1:100,000 quadrangle and near Basin City in the Priest Rapids 1:100,000 quadrangle.

Buford Member-Medium-grained aphyric flow; contains sparse, small plagioclase phenocrysts in some places; reversed magnetic polarity (Swanson and others, 1979a, 1979b).

Elephant Mountain Member-Two aphyric to sparsely plagioclase·phyric flows, informally called the Ward Gap flow (upper) and the Elephant Mountain flow (lower); abun· dant plagioclase microphenocrysts; fine· to coarse-grained to glassy; locally diktytaxitic; normal to transitional mag· netic polarity (Rietman, 1966; Choiniere and Swanson, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981).

Pomona Member-One or two fine· to medium-grained flows; sparsely to slightly phyric with small phenocrysts of plagioclase (generally less than 5 mm long and commonly wedge shaped), clinopyroxene, and olivine; locally contains


large clots (as much as 100 mm or more across) of plagioclase, pyroxene (including rare hypersthene), and olivine thought by Swanson and others (1980) to have formed during crystallization after eruption; reversed magnetic polarity (Choiniere and Swanson, 1979; Reidel and others, 1984 ); invasive contacts with Ellensburg Formation (unit Mc) common.

Esquatzel Member-One to two or more flows or flow units; sparsely phyric with irregularly distributed phenocrysts of plagioclase and clinopyroxene less than 5 mm in diameter; locally contains hyaloclastite; fine-grained; locally diktytaxitic; normal magnetic polarity (Choiniere and Swanson, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981); no known feeder dikes.

Weissenfels Ridge Member-As many as four flows, not co-extensive, distinguished from each other in the field by size, character, and relative abundance of plagioclase and/or olivine phenocrysts; fine- to medium-grained; normal magnetic polarity; in the Clarkston and Orofino 1: 100,000 quadrangles includes the basalts of Slippery Creek, Tenmile Creek, Lewiston Orchards, and Cloverland (Fig. 5); in the Pullman 1:100,000 quadrangle represented by the basalt of Lewiston Orchards; in the Rosalia 1: 100,000 quadrangle represented by the basalt of Sprague Lake, which is probably correlative with the basalt of Lewiston Orchards; feeder dikes occur in the eastern part of the Clarkston 1: 100,000 quadrangle and in the Orofino 1: 100,000 quadrangle.

Asotin Member-Dense, sparsely olivine- and plagioclasephyric flow; plagioclase phenocrysts less than 3 mm long, olivine phenocrysts less than 2 mm long; subophitic augite in coarser grained zones; includes associated sediments; commonly invasive into sediments; glassy, fine- to coarsegrained; locally ophitic and diktytaxitic; normal magnetic polarity (Camp, 1976; Choiniere and Swanson, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981; Swanson and others, 1977, 1979a, 1980); no known feeder dike; locally mixed with Wilbur Creek Member to form Huntzinger flow, indicating nearly simultaneous eruption of the two members (Reidel and Fecht, 1987).

Wilbur Creek Member-Two or more flows; aphyric to sparsely plagioclase-phyric; sparse, large, locally skeletal plagioclase phenocrysts and scarce olivine microphenocrysts; fine- to coarse-grained to glassy; normal magnetic polarity (Choiniere and Swanson, 1979; Reidel and Fecht, 1981; Swanson and others, 1979a, 1980); no known feeder dike; locally mixed with Asotin Member to form Huntzinger flow, indicating nearly simultaneous eruption of the two members (Reidel and Fecht, 1987); consists of an upper subunit called the basalt of Lapwai, which occurs only in Idaho, and a lower subunit called the basalt of Wahluke (Reidel and Fecht, 1987).

Umatilla Member-Two or more flows; aphyric to sparse plagioclase phenocrysts as much as O. 7 cm across; glassy to very fine grained to fine grained, locally mediumgrained; normal magnetic polarity (Rietman, 1966; Swanson and others, 1977, 1979a); consists of an upper subunit called the basalt of Sillusi and a lower subunit called the basalt of Umatilla; flows of the two subunits are known to physically mix in the Priest Rapids and Richland 1: 100,000 quadrangles, forming one cooling unit (Reidel and Fecht, 1987); feeder dike for Sillusi flow occurs in the Grande

Ronde River canyon, Clarkston 1: 100,000 quadrangle; also includes the Bear Creek flow of Ross (1978, 1989) in the Clarkston 1: 100,000 quadrangle.

Wanapum Basalt

Priest Rapids Member-Two or more flows in most places; aphyric, with rare but prominent plagioclase phenocrysts generally less than 5 mm long but rarely as much as 10 mm long; matrix of intergranular pyroxene, ilmenite blades, and some devitrified glass; local diabasic texture and pegmatoids in top flow; in the Walla Walla 1:100,000 quadrangle olivine phenocrysts 0.5-1 mm in diameter; fine- to coarse-grained, lower flows generally coarser grained than upper flow; locally finely diktytaxitic; reversed magnetic polarity (Rietman, 1966); major feeder dikes to the east in the Clearwater embayment (Camp, 1981); upper flow is informally named the basalt of Lolo and the lower flows the basalt of Rosalia.

Roza Member-One or two flows over wide areas; as many as six or seven flows, especially near vents; 0.5- to 1-cm plagioclase phenocrysts and glomerocrysts, commonly several hundred phenocrysts per square meter of flow surface; microphenocrysts of olivine and augite; fine- to coarse-grained; locally diktytaxitic; transitional to reversed magnetic polarity (Rietman, 1966; Choiniere and Swanson, 1979); feeder dikes in the Grande Ronde River and Asotin Creek canyons in the Clarkston 1:100,000 quadrangle, and extending through the Snake River canyon to the northwest as far as Winona in the northwest part of the Pullman 1:100,000 quadrangle; Big Butte and Little Butte in the Clarkston 1: 100,000 quadrangle are two of the more southerly of many Roza vents; because of its large and nearly ubiquitous plagioclase phenocrysts and wide distribution, the member is a key marker unit across much of the Columbia Basin.

Frenchman Springs Member-Six or more flows; lower flow(s) generally more phyric than middle and upper flows; aphyric flows are fine grained, phyric flow(s) are fine to medium grained and sparsely to abundantly plagioclase phyric; many flows contain plagioclase glomerocrysts as much as 50 mm across; aphyric or nearly aphyric flows resemble the Grande Ronde Basalt; includes saprolite in places; subarkosic sedimentary rocks commonly occur at the base of the member; excursional to normal magnetic polarity (Rietman, 1966; Swanson and others, 1980; Swanson and Wright, 1983); feeder dikes occur in the Connell, Pullman, and Walla Walla 1:100,000 quadrangles.

Includes six informal units defined by Beeson and others (1985): basalt of Lyons Ferry; basalt of Sentinel Gap (Sentinel Gap flows and Union Gap flows of Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993); basalt of Sand Hollow (Kelley Hollow flow and Sand Hollow flow of Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993); basalt of Silver Falls; basalt of Ginkgo (Ginkgo flows of Bentley and others, 1988a, 1988b, 1993); and basalt of Palouse Falls.

Eckler Mountain Member-Three flow sequences: upper flow or flows (basalt of Shumaker Creek) fine-grained and aphyric; middle one to three flows (basalt of Dodge) very coarse grained, olivine-bearing, plagioclase-phyric, spheroidal- and yellow-weathering, commonly weathers to grus, much olivine altered to clay; lower flow (basalt of

Robinette Mountain) olivine-phyric, coarse-grained, diktytaxitic, distinguished from middle flows by lack of large plagioclase phenocrysts, diktytaxitic texture, and lack of grusy weathering; normal magnetic polarity (Choiniere and Swanson, 1979; Swanson and others, 1980); feeder dikes in the southern part of the Clarkston 1: 100,000 quadrangle and in Oregon; saprolites and, in places, sedimentary interbeds above and below; coarse grain size, plagioclase phenocrysts, and spheroidal and yellow weathering make the basalt of Dodge an especially useful marker unit.

Reidel and others (1992, p. 5) suggest that the basalt of Shumaker Creek may actually lie above the basalt of Sentinel Gap, Frenchman Springs Member, and below the Roza Member.

Grande Ronde Basalt

N2 Magnetostratigraphic unit-Upper flows of normal magnetic polarity. Includes the informal Sentinel Bluffs, Slack Canyon, Fields Spring, Winter Water, Umtanum, Ortley, and Armstrong Canyon units of Reidel and others (1989).

R2 Magnetostratigraphic unit-Upper flows of reversed magnetic polarity. Includes the informal Meyer Ridge, Grouse Creek, Wapshilla Ridge, and Mt. Horrible units of Reidel and others (1989).

N1 Magnetostratigraphic unit-Lower flows of normal magnetic polarity. Includes the informal China Creek and Downey Gulch units of Reidel and others (1989).

R1 Magnetostratigraphic unit-Lower flows of reversed magnetic polarity. Includes the informal Center Creek, Rogersburg, and Buckhorn Springs units of Reidel and others (1989) and Teepee Butte Member (Reidel and Tolan, 1992).

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(Unpublished mapping listed here is available for inspection at the Olympia office of the Division of Geology and Earth Resources.)

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Rigby, J. G.; Othberg, K. L.; Campbell, N. P.; Hanson, L. G.; Kiver, E. P.; Stradling, D. F.; Webster, G. D., 1979, Reconnaissance surficial geologic mapping of the late Cenozoic sediments of the Columbia Basin, Washington: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report 79-3, 94 p., 7 pl.

Ringe, L. D., 1970, Sub-loess basalt topography in the Palouse Hills, southeastern Washington: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 81, no. 10, p. 3049-3059.

Ross, M. E., 1978, Stratigraphy, structure, and petrology of Columbia River basalt in a portion of the Grande Ronde River-Blue Mountains area of Oregon and Washington: University of Idaho Doctor of Philosophy thesis, 407 p., 1 pl.

Ross, M. E., 1989, Stratigraphic relationships of subaerial, invasive, and intracanyon flows of Saddle Mountains Basalt in the Troy basin, Oregon and Washington. In Reidel, S. P.; Hooper, P.R., editors, Volcanism and tectonism in the Columbia River flood-basalt province: Geological Society of America Special Paper 239, p. 131-142.

Russell, I. C., 1900, A preliminary paper on the geology of the Cascade Mountains in northern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey, 20th Annual Report, pt. 2, p. 83-210.

Salvador, Amos, 1985, Chronostratigraphic and geochronometric scales in COSUNA stratigraphic correlation charts of the United States: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 69, no. 2, p. 181-189.

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Schmincke, H., 196 7, Stratigraphy and petrography of four upper Yakima Basalt flows in south-central Washington: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 78, no. 11, p. 1385-1422.

Schuster, J.E., compiler, 1993, Geologic map of the Clarkston 1: 100,000 quadrangle, Washington-Idaho, and the Washington portion of the Orofino l: 100,000 quadrangle: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report 93-4, 43 p., 1 pl.

Schuster, J. E., compiler, 1994a, Geologic map of the east half of the Toppenish 1: 100,000 quadrangle, Washington: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report 94-10, 15 p., 1 pl.

Schuster, J. E., compiler, 1994b, Geologic maps of the east half of the Washington portion of the Goldendale 1:100,000 quadrangle and the Washington portion of the Hermiston 1: 100,000 quadrangle: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report 94-9, 17 p., 1 pl.

Schuster, J. E., compiler, 1994c, Geologic map of the east half of the Yakima 1:100,000 quadrangle, Washington: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report 94-12, 19 p., 1 pl.

Schuster, J. E., compiler, 1994d, Geologic map of the Walla Walla 1: 100,000 quadrangle, Washington: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report 94-3, 18 p., 1 pl.

Scott, W. E.; Pierce, K. L.; Bradbury, J. P.; Forester, R. M., 1982, Revised Quaternary stratigraphy and chronology in the American Falls area, southeastern Idaho. In Bonnichsen, Bill; Breckenridge, R. M., editors, Cenozoic Geology of Idaho: Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology Bulletin 26, p. 581-595.

Scott, W. E.; Shroba, R. R., 1980, Stratigraphic significance and variability of soils buried by deposits of the last cycle of Lake Bonneville [abstract]: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 12, no. 6, p. 304.

Shannon & Wilson, Inc., 1977, Geologic evaluations of structures in the Columbia Plateau. Subappendix 2R H of Washington Public Power Supply System, WPPSS nuclear project no. I-Preliminary safety analysis report: Washington Public Power Supply System Docket no. 50-460, Preliminary safety analysis report, Amendment 23, v. 28, Appendix 2R, Subappendix 2R H.

Shedd, Solon, 1903, The building and ornamental stones of Washington: Washington Geological Survey Annual Report 1902, pt. 1, p. 1-163.

Smith, D. R., 1980, The mineralogy and phase chemistry of silicic tephras: Rice University Master of Arts thesis, 161 p.

Smith, G. A., 1988, Neogene synvolcanic and syntectonic sedimentation in central Washington: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 100, no. 9, p. 1479-1492.

Stoffel, K. L, 1984, Geology of the Grande Ronde lignite field, Asotin County, Washington: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Report of Investigations 27, 79 p., 1 pl., scale 1:48,000.

Stoffel, K. L.; Joseph, N. L.; Waggoner, S. Z.; Gulick, C. W.; Korosec, M.A.; Bunning, 8. 8., 1991, Geologic map of Washington-Northeast quadrant: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Geologic Map GM-39, 36 p., 1 pl., scale 1:250,000, and two accompanying explanatory sheets, including a bedrock geologic and tectonic map at 1:625,000 scale.

Stose, G. W., editor, 1936, Preliminary geologic map [of Washington]: Washington Division of Geology Geologic Map, 1 sheet, scale 1 :500,000. [Accompanied by Bulletin 32 (Culver, 1936).]

Strand, J. R.; Hough, Jean, 1952, Age of the Ringold Formation: Northwest Science, v. 26, no. 4, p. 152-154.

Swanson, D. A.; Anderson, James Lee; Bentley, R. D.; Byerly, G. R.; Camp, V. E; Gardner, J. N.; Wright, T. L., 1979a, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Columbia River Basalt Group in eastern Washington and northern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1363, 26 p., 12 sheets, scale 1:250,000.

REFERENCES CITED 19

Swanson, D. A.; Helz, R. T., 1979, Bedrock geologic map of the vent system for the Ice Harbor Member of the Saddle Mountains Basalt, Ice Harbor Dam-Basin City area, southeast Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-292, 8 sheets, scale 1 :24,000.

Swanson, D. A.; Wright, T. L., 1983, Geologic map of the Wenaha Tucannon Wilderness, Washington and Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1536, 1 sheet, scale 1:48,000.

Swanson, D. A.; Wright, T. L.; Camp, V. E.; Gardner, J. N.; Helz, R. T.; Price, S. M.; Reidel, S. P.; Ross, M. E., 1980, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Columbia River Basalt Group, Pullman and Walla Walla quadrangles, southeast Washington and adjacent Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map 1-1139, 2 sheets, scale 1:250,000.

Swanson, D. A.; Wright, T. L.; Camp, V. E.; Gardner, J. N.; Helz, R. T.; Price, S. A.; Ross, M. E., 1977, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Columbia River Basalt Group, Pullman and Walla Walla quadrangles, southeast Washington and adjacent Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-100, 10 p., 2 pl., scale 1:250,000.

Swanson, D. A.; Wright, T. L.; Hooper, P. R.; Bentley, R. D., 1979b, Revisions in stratigraphic nomenclature of the Columbia River Basalt Group: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1457-G, 59 p., 1 pl.

Swanson, E. C., 1984, Bonneville flood deposits along the Snake River near Lewiston, Idaho: Washington State University Master of Science thesis, 74 p.

Tabor, R. W.; Waitt, R. B.; Frizzell, V. A., Jr.; Swanson, D. A.; Byerly, G. R.; Bentley, R. D., 1982, Geologic map of the Wenatchee 1:100,000 quadrangle, central Washington: U. S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map 1-1311, 26 p., 1 pl.

Tolan, T. L.; Reidel, S. P., compilers, 1989, Structure map of a portion of the Columbia River flood-basalt province. In Reidel, S. P.; Hooper, P. R., editors, Volcanism and tectonism in the Columbia River flood-basalt province: Geological Society of America Special Paper 239, plate, scale 1:580,000.

Tolan, T. L.; Reidel, S. P.; Beeson, M. H.; Anderson, James Lee; Fecht, K. R.; Swanson, D. A., 1989, Revisions to the estimates of the areal extent and volume of the Columbia River Basalt Group. In Reidel, S. P.; Hooper, P. R., editors, Volcanism and tectonism in the Columbia River flood-basalt province: Geological Society of America Special Paper 239, p. 1-20.

Treasher, R. C., 1925, Geology of the Pullman quadrangle: State College of Washington Master of Science thesis, 74 p., 3 pl.

Vallier, T. L., 1977, The Permian and Triassic Seven Devils Group, western Idaho and northeastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1437, 58 p.

Vallier, T. L.; Hooper, P.R., 1976, Geologic guide to Hells Canyon, Snake River; Geological Society of America Cordilleran Section, 72nd Annual Meeting, Field Guide no. 5: Washington State University Department of Geology, 38 p.

Van Alstine, D.R., 1982, Paleomagnetic investigation of preMissoula gravels, Pasco Basin and vicinity, Washington: Sierra Geophysics, Inc. [Renton, Wash.] SGI-R-82-055, for Golder Associates, 1 v.

Waggoner, S. 2., compiler, 1990, Geologic map of the Rosalia 1:100,000 quadrangle, Washington-Idaho: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report 90-7, 20 p., 1 pl.


Waitt, R. B., 1979, Late Cenozoic deposits, landforms, stratigraphy, and tectonism in Kittitas Valley, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1127, 18 p.

Wait!, R. B., 1980, About forty last-glacial Lake Missoula jokulhlaups through southern Washington: Journal of Geology, v. 88, no. 6, p. 653-679.

Waldron, H. H.; Gard, L. M., Jr., 1954, Geology of the Hay quadrangle, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-48, 1 sheet, scale 1 :62,500.

Waldron, H. H.; Gard, L. M., Jr., 1955, Geology of the Penawawa quadrangle, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-56, 1 sheet, scale 1:62,500.

Walsh, T. J.; Korosec, M. A.; Phillips, W. M.; Logan, R. L.; Schasse, H. W., 1987, Geologic map of WashingtonSouthwest quadrant: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Geologic Map GM-34, 2 sheets, scale 1:250,000, with 28 p. text.

Webster, G. D., 1978a, Washington State University: unpublished geologic maps of all the 7 .5-minute quadrangles in the Clarkston 1:100,000 quadrangle, 32 sheets, scale 1:24,000.

Webster, G. D., 1978b, Washington State University: unpublished geologic maps of all the 7 .5-minute quadrangles in the Walla Walla 1:100,000 quadrangle, except for the Levey NE, Rye Grass Coulee, Levey SW, and the part of the Levey SE quadrangle located northwest of the Snake River, 29 sheets, scale 1:24,000.

Webster, G. D., 1978c, Washington State University: unpublished geologic maps of the 7 .5-minute and 15-minute quadrangles in the Connell l: 100,000 quadrangle, includ-

ing the Burr Canyon, Hatton, Kahlotus, Lind, Lind SE, Lind SW Lower Monumental, Pizarro, Providence, Ralston, Sulphur Lake, Washtucna North, and Washtucna SW (subsequently renamed West of Washtucna) 7 .5-minute quadrangles, 13 sheets, scale 1:24,000, and the Benge, Haas (subsequently renamed Ayer) and Starbuck 15-minute quadrangles, 3 sheets, scale 1:62,500.

Webster, G. D., 1978d, Washington State University: unpublished geologic maps of the 7. 5-minute and 15-minute quadrangles in the Pullman 1: 100,000 quadrangle, including the Albion, Almota, Bishop (subsequently renamed Granite Point), Colfax North, Colfax South, Colton, Diamond, Elberton, Ewartsville, Kirby, Moscow West, Palouse, Pullman, Uniontown, Viola, and Wilcox 7.5-minute quadrangles, 16 sheets, scale 1:24,000, and the Endicott, Hay, La Crosse, and Penawawa 15-minute quadrangles, 4 sheets, scale 1 :62,500.

Webster, G. D.; Kuhns, M. J. P.; Waggoner, G. L., 1982 [1984], Late Cenozoic gravels in Hells Canyon and the Lewiston basin, Washington and Idaho. In Bonnichsen, Bill; Breckenridge, R. M., editors, Cenozoic geology of Idaho: Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology Bulletin 26, p. 669-683.

Webster, G. D.; Nunez, Luis, 1982, Geology of the steptoes and Palouse Hills of eastern Washington, a roadlog of the area south of Spokane, Washington. In Roberts, Sheila; Fountain David editors, Tobacco Root Geological Society 1980 fieid conf~rence guidebook: Tobacco Root Geological Society [Spokane, Wash.]. p. 45-57.

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DESCRIPTIONS

UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS Quaternary Sediments

N ongladal Deposits

Dune saml- [ ,}11 "" medi um Lu licte sum! a mJ ~It . composed af q~eru basal, and/ or ielcisr," ~rcius· c·obri,e a ,h. com roonl\' ~lazama lephra . present loc., lly. ,nclied<,s bNh ~"' '·'<' nod stabili,c,i dun.:,;_

Larn.striM and fluvial dspn~its- 0 ·,,·, si ll , and sMrl ,n interi m dra111e•1c bo,in>.

Alluvium-C!ey. ,i]t sand end ~,e,•al dcpm >.od io s t, ean d ,eJ_, ,,, ,d ransa ,-,.nc.J th,ckness aa d >ortin~ ,nclude; terrace and o r, i" n,c depo,;1, i" pJoee., : cu"''"""I\' ;,,d,,,b " " '-'"Iced lo<= . oi,[l,ue,i fl uu-1 J,•po, ,L.< (,,, " ' ' 01s, o,gl , 1.\,,.,,,,., k•pJ ,,,,. Ell c,nsb,mJ l'omia ti or1 lumls Mc,Mc'l) a nd 11",~" IJ F""'''" "'" (ocnll s ~'1c . ~M o,] sedin,,,, ,t,, ,>1 v.l rour,Jed to .,n,iular basalt d asls; older slreaa nl,eJ J , p, "'" '"" l'r"'l l,y p,.;logemc c,,rl~nior~, (slo~c.> 1 ,n IV nf Mochel w l 9 S5) or ,llm'1a; f.m o,, p nsds m pl,"~' o,.·,rloin l•y ,,c.d inter,t, otii;od «·iU1 J,,._,,. a,:d ,lopov:o:h . httk· o , no colic! ,e d~,eloprnenc in Ian d°''°'"'· fans g~nereUy cone-sha~J " iii, ;;"r""" only 11 ,Weldld y Jis,c, Leci . sl,comlicd dep, ,-it, c.b ng ric ,0 1, «-hose cn1,rw s ex te nd ba1•uc,d lhe a rm cQvo ,ed b',' lhe Culuml,io Rice r Basa l, Gr oup inclu de pebble, ond cc>bbli,s oi querl, ilil'. ~,a 11i Lic. 1eelamorphk . a ri :l ,,ul, dni, l~,l ic r,x-~s. nnm.al tn n,,,, ,,a,,,I magnet,c pola, ity W,ei<m ~~d oth,•,s , 1 ' 19 l , p . ZJ]J_

Mass·wa~ting rl~ r o,;t.;;---1 .,,,,~, hci<, and l3lu ,deposL<s com po sod ol clcy , silt, sand . ond m unCed 10 on!J<1lar !Jr0<'11 10 houlde r-siza closts, lo ndslido su, r., ,.,, c,;,mmo nlv hu,n moc kv and . ;,. some areas. hlanl~, ted ,cith !ocss , l,ndsl1 de de1nsi1S clna •,c . unstraL,f, ed. and pauri:,' Sorkd: d asb in t.:,lus primar:l~ l,os, l:tc in co mpo-:itlon : talus de posits 011 o lder. i ,m·li'," sb pes commonl c· cememed .._-,+h ped,;:senic co,-1,,.,n~t,•s: ii:d udc'S rnllu,•iem in pieces . ·

Older a llu\ium- S,•11woll,u l1Ja iecl Sflr.d arrcl gca,•,•l deposited in fans· clas,s prim ,111:, , 1,.,sall c,mcmed by iron-stai" ed d o." surface rnmmonlc· dissected .1nct capred b-1 a e<•elhlew lupe,J ca l:che la1•m.

Terraced del)osils - !\l lc"i" I J e pus,b o/ » Ii. s;rd anJ g,m·el. loca lly ir.dud~s l,cus1e 1ne . pa'ud,:,L ;;u,d ealia ,, d,•po,;1La: dosLS Q/ Ji..u se composil ion, ,Jrd sligblly t,o mod,,rol<"i\' wm Lhered prn, rl1• i,~iur:, le~. Lll"W" , 1bo,•e m"l lern fbOO pla ins.

Bonn ev;lle flood deposits- Gro,·el anci eandy qraS<•I becelt d=b ,n,,,·e dbunJ .,,,1 ,1,~" d ,-1 ,. o f [11 ,1nilic , ocks an j ~""'n,,:b,·- fa cics m b .. iclastic rncl.s. '"" l"i"< l~pl " " d,sb " r 1>ebhl~ ,u,O cobble SLZc' acid ,nlerheJ ,leJ , ;II le,os<S: 1><rnl1• S<,; leJ. , nrnlec,,l ely heJdced de po,ited ,,, a 1~s"], d rtlpid mm:ting o r Loh' BnnnCl'i:le form, benches a b ~g ,ne m,,in .stem <>f tru> ';no k~ Rt-~r m mmnnl;- is h,, mowhs nf mhw,,r; can\'<"''' unde,lias M,ssoo l,, f!ood de r osils (unit Cl, )

PHi!Jlaeial Deposits

Loess-Eukm s,11 ,,,,d f,ne " '"I. l,x;, II, ""·h,des ck,, . andhple c,,liche {ped05enic carbonate. pe,i uca lcic] lio, ,,o,is [stayes I !o l\i of 11,,, he"e. I ~~.SJ. p< ol eo.,uls, lt"ph,u becis , ail ew e. and c-o ,, ,i"c l, u,i,.oe,s. poedo Hinm,11, rnmpose<I o f a n~ular quarrz grain, with le,.e, ,moun:, of f~ld, ro•. m,ca . and ho, nb lende , in it, , ,~ per pa, t, she loe» J,,,,io~, v..e,o!J\• J ewlwe<l sa ,I r,rnf:b a , «J l~clcs pehrn dlcic I 11 '"" ""· I'"'" 9 ,,rn9e . g '"V te n , h~ht brown , rnn . yd!O\c 1,h b, O'A'n, brown. h"rl . ' " ,e,ldish ,ellv'<. m,,,,,w · typical ~eomm~h,c expra,;b n is~ comp!es oi J u,\O s: <lune lmm;,ticm h1 ""· '' hv,-., ,tmly eo. ,nd, is lr.rlicoted by Inn~ oenlle , ou·hweS! Sl das ,nJ , •~ep oL0,ti, ea,L sides . b-,' ;tr<,:i~ nVI faeo,t a l1~nm,'nl of dun2 lo:1g <.so, end be, un, [u> ,nl~ J encos,,og ~'·"" , ,,, , 10 the northeds' · thtckle« a< "'"'ho< 75 ,n n,,.,, St . Jc,hn (lk.sdic 1 ·100.11 00 <1ua,frang\ •] O'ld l \iik o, I Pullman 1 100.00 0 qued,anqlo) (R,ng~. l 970), 0 1 D<c cu , ,Lo'1 1,laced a,bil,an ly al aOrn ,1 9 0() fl [27,1 m ) ,,lc:-.,, c,n" "' lh" n ,nLcol and snu1h•rrn, l,a l parts of lhc '.Va lla \Va]la l · lOO.LlOO ' l' '" 'i,an~I<!.

Outburst flood deposits. silt ond <ond- 1 ,ocuSldnc s.lt and fin e sand an d ll"vi al fir,~ tc, coarse sand. p m i mr.tn.,n 11 , , quam ,,r,rl fe ld,rnr. " "Ith lio;olt g,oin , in coa rser , ec(1,;nsc di:c, ~te 1opl «o l.1,·ers coaimon, lccolly contain, clostic dtkes "'""~"" of ,-o, ,se sonJ and ~,a ce!. ,rndll -., ca l" cross bt'<:lding. ice-raf,ed di,m1cton. and lcc•-n,e lt st " "' '"'"' p,~sen1 kocally, luc.,lly contain, m,erhedcled ollurnm. col]uc,L1m. an d pedoq, nic bu , i2<,n, _ ,h!,th,n;,-all,• beclJeJ ; , ,,,,d-do·rnn.,1"'1 foc [es t;·p ieull1· pl~rc,r laminok.,:l and aid uci os .sprnc,,dic cham~,I 1, 1] ,.,.,I"""'~,. <a il rl om,a~ted l,xie, plan,,, l;i , 11 ne.1~d and 11pple crnss-la ,rnnuled commonl> d,;plui;1ng normal g1~ded rh,-1hmil,s;,: Oe pc,,; ,l e d by relaticd 'I :a,.., e nrr~1· , lock wa:ei > of o utb e.,, CooJs fr u,,, gl,ciol L.o l<e Mbsm ilo ~nd other ic~ ma, ~in lalo, ,. ma,.imu,n d,, , kne,s ·,s n :Q1 e 11,a,, 20 rn iu ,Ill' ,,_mh·cenlrel port of the Pr,es! Rc pid, l 100 000 qu,J,angle " " "~!,,d., I o ,., h1,rsl fl,x>d bar, ,mil is 1Cidely dis1nbu·d in tl:e eo.·a, U" n po, l ,_,f ,ioe "'o~ o w o p,,t;cu l~,1,.- i,, e>mk•es a nd ,na10, m·er rn llr.es a t e:~,·a1ions behv l .~00 r, (J 66 m ), se~.,,., 11 , , n~I ""'""'''~ above a bout 900 11(274 m): OL'clts coe,ta ct µbce cl ,,chi,c-,n !y a l a bo, ,1 ~00 f1 (n<I m) clevatLon Tn th,• cen·ra l ond somh co ntrol parls of Ii "' Woll• \Val!.< l.W0 .000 ~"ad,.rnc; ic•

/,,c;u ,:b ilood Jeµ""" c,/ ~.'"c,u/ l.uke M,.,rn,!u (H,d, rrncf .-,U,c ,, , 1~50; /Jo ice, ond B,mkc'r 1985). Tou chet &,cl,; aHd 1:u,I of ,i ~· Hun f,ml /""""""'' (C,u.~, ,, ,rnd m/,e·c,, 1987)

Uutburst flood deposits. gravcl-Flu,·,a l gra,•el· 111 " " '-'""''"' raci~s dom dom,nan:1,· P,salt wi1h , uhocd1n,1te J1 1ngold f,-,n11 ,11:0n «ad,,nen1, und colic he (Grvl,cr and B,nsham 197 I) in mc.instre,, m b c:e; ., lso c0n1air,< cLw s of g,inate . quarTaite. d, orite •:o!con;, pmph>'" e,. unJ "'"'""" " !' h ,c ,o,.;h : 11 ,,, ul>'r~om f,,c,~s " '" ' !Is· J1,!ril•ulc•d dlur,~ the presc~' Qr,d io M lcmner co"r.,esai Ilic Cu l," nl,;., , S ri ,,~<'. , ,11<1 Y,1 l.1rna R1 •K•rs, loca ll•1 rnbdcs poorlc· lemine:ed ,,M '~" " " "' silt .-,~<i ~, nrl , ,ncl te phr;, l,, ,.,.r;, depo :itecl by Oll ibur,t IJuc,tl, /ru:n "larn' Lak• M, ssou'a ., nd othe , ice-u,ar!JII, lah~, ~,,,;,-, si&' ru, L~c· s fru:n sao,I Lo b:,alci m. sin.' g;ncr.1lly ~e,·r,, ,,s,ng .11c·oy frc,n;

mo1or , cab•arrd o utburst flood ch.-;nnelsc cl.,s•s ,ound, d 10 ,,ngul,1', r oorly sorkdc ge nerally mal ri,-poo r. and me,'.rL,. ,•.he re prc.>em. cm,posed o f base.11. ,;, ,,,m, and f,,!rls roa, ,a nrl lo 9,0,,01~ sra ins . .l isp la,-s m,mmo,,s bedr1i~g inm,s inch 10mg mccs0 i,·e . fn,e,,et . l.,r~e -scal~ cro,s-b,0 ddcd a»J p!.,n~ bedcle.,i chnnn el ond h,r deposit, . gc>n eroli!I less :h, n 15 rn th,ch, un ,t is v.,ci ,-sp,~,.,J ,,I, ,,,~ r:oi,lees " " " m,,jo, ma courses. loca lly oved,,in by I°""

Includes .' 'asco ;im,.,, /, (C~r:.m, a-ad o the r:;, 198 /, /./1:em. Pi,c,'. ,.,rl o!l,a .-s_ 19i9J end ,oa, 1 o/ .I,.• Hw, /orii _/ormofor. (C~rsoa u11d m he r,, l 9S7).

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS AND DEPOSITS Quaternary- Pliocene Sedimentary Deposits

Ma,s-wasting de posi1s - Bkids o f Columbia Ric-er B,,salt Gtollp tutks ,rnJ ~"-·"'~er se<l,ments th ac ha<·a sl,d an ,ed ime n1'"V mte , herlce accu,s "' c,1n;•ons suulh u l Cl11 rbiu r1 .

Continental sedinte[]\a ri• ruchs, rnnglomerate-eJuual de r nstts r,::,1mdcd d asts iocl11~e rn,,u1"il ~. <li~d1e. vulc.,rn, µori,h, 1ic•, . a11J L"csuil 1nicacc•uus <1ueruo-lcl<lspa1hic sa,iJ m.1t~x ,,,clud,•s ~" ,11lm (,•kl,pa:hic sanJ bcic, ar<i si lt,, O\"e,ban1' fac,cse li tholc gia s 11 dica1e deposi lion by lhe Co lu m!ria 011d Ya l<im a lli,w " »nconS<>lid,,r<>fl ro com par t ta 1.1·eilkl1• " ,nc nlell: 0$ rr.uch as 25 m thick

Quaterna ry- Miocene Sedimentary Deposits

Continental sedimentary rncks. cong lomerate- Pcbb!e . rn bbk-. anJ bDulde r grac<el cumposed a l ,1p;, roxl11i.i1 e:1, 30 r,~rren\ l_:rnoll c r,d 70 per.-:c nl rcO anrl gccen r,-,e t.m ,lton,closUc. po1T,h,,r11,c . ae.d 1uek11 nom lolc 1do 111i naml,· quamilc l roe~<- a nd 'esse r granitic m ci<s ,n a fl ne ro W,11'€ S-. 'lld ,na lri, lhc1 L b in places. ,;ch ,n b,<ei, gc,111 is: uncandirl,,re;J , 1ac l11d'°s some ,a nd bt"<i, and lc n,es. Mle renlia tOO fmm l·,Hssrn11., n~c,; r1 ep~" t' l11nits ,y, anO QFoJ ,,r,d Bonn~.cll~ 1r.,,_,U Jc•11usiLs lurn t mt) b~· eomµo; n1,,n ,-,f cJ,-,,,s , , ... o, c:-, ore overwheln1ingll' boso lttc ('J5 +%1 in g,a,·el, o f 1he i \1s,,.<m l.1 fl O<IO rl~r os,r, anct predommantiy bas.-.ltLC {50},I ,n tbc B:rnne,·,l'e fl ood deposits , m., y b~ ~e,i""'I r,o m o IT,,odiaH e<,· r.1(,) a,soc ,oted ,c; 1l, the ;,nc.st,a l Sa ln,o, , l{cc"' IW,, h· t.,,. ,1nd c,then . I %21. do,1s on;ulo, lo wdl-roun,J,•d. some dee p It• c..oo•l,.,;c.) [,.,s,.!1,,c and g,ani11c cfasi,o as much a , GO m ,hlc l" fon,., tcrroe,·, l,1e ,,,l l, ,cs ,,, .. 1 pn;,,, hocs m ihe p ,e, en t 5noke Ric-er cenvon and t<a ,aces ,,nJ I" ""' b " s m lfue C.,,mde llono" 11.i,er , •ell>\' and /U l, ohor.doncd fnd,e Ra1 c,· d ,cin.,el, . ;,, ' "°"I l' I"'''" oo~d."n b,, Ihm io Lh,cl. u~n""rs of s!ack"T,tor \1,»ould noc.l sed"" """ {,mi l ms), c.,fec.e rl <o a s olde, S r.aic.e Rive, ~, ew!, l:,y Ri~by e nd mhets 11~79)

!nc!,,dc., unmmed gr,wd 'l , un1, ,.1mcd _qr,we! 2. w1n,1mecJ g,o,.,/ 1. Chirb lu11 ~,m·~/. C.'cm wotet _qra1 •el. C.ta, l. ,1011 H er,1 /1 :s ,.,a ,·:•/. w ,d A ,uw, Creek gm ,·d oj Ho~pcrn11d o rl1c rs ( 1 ~S5 i and I I ,e ,rn d,ff,, rt'n!rs<ed ,m no med gro 1-.,I, and G rm,ri~ 1·:wnde /! ,i ,er g mt'C I o/ lie1 o· d ""d ~,!,c•c,; i 19 92}.

Pliocene Sedimentary Deposits

Continent~[ ,edim enlaro; tocks, eonglomera!e-Coa,se ,and a nd g1 a vel. n,OO,,,a1e!y tD hOghl>• U"<!athere J , 11J 1Y.1Wly i,,d,,, e• ed ; <, eam ' """"~ d~po , ;LS, include, a ,ncinshan, l,,cios lhaL ;, ,1s,,xiaLed cdlh Llw ma in -01,rn ul th,• \ allim« ){Iver. ''-'" " '"' ruund,d Lo eubWlmded d a>ts u [ dmahl" . ;n. le ln inl ,omS<•dial ,• , ·<>lca " ic rnc b c,nrl rncc ,.,, a, l,;~h Had a! 1.,,,-, ,·e, rn:,w irn ls"d " ' dcep'v a s 1 OLJ m by smc.11 creek c·a lL;,s-,;. en~ a side.,t.eam lades tha t ,s , c l,Hmi 10 lnb, ,i a,y sl m,,ms ol 1he l a l;a rr.a R" er ar,d I hat cont.. ins moslly subac.gula, Gws l,• 1/n"~" llas,,11 d,,st, ,,.;a o ,. rn,s as h,gh fhoci-,1 ta rr.,n', L'c'.'a ,H, l ' ) 7~ . p . ~- I OJ . '" "''°'' ,,_,I h urnfo ,ll'"'~ F Ii,•, ,, Im,~ Fo,ma L,on ,,, ,i ts (M eg , fS e) commonl\' unc,o nlo1 mc,b!e near rid,Jes. conformable in basms .

Cu,,,i., Ls uf ilte Tl,u ,p Gru,..-1

Pliocene-Miocene Sedimentary Rocks and Deposits

The R1ng0 ld fo rma1io<1 con""' of nne ~" d rna,se, sc,rr11 -,n<: lu,a1 .a l. rl«c•!,, l ,,,,d l,cc 11,fr ine ,1, ,p,,,,' " in ~nd nm, ,h~ Pasco G..,•;ln (Newcomb and others , J9n, l'cchl and o thccs, 19~7, l.imicc",, J 99 1). Li1hcfo9ie, ir,:1:cM,· dep c,;; l1 1on b~- ancost,,,I Col,·m~i, anrl ~nakc llacc,s Th e fo1 rn,, tion is ,., lh;d , as 1S5 m ln 1:"e deepeS1 pert d ;he Cold Crack S') ndme '" ,he J·lar.ford Sice in the l' ric-sl KapiJ s and Rid1bn,l 1- 1 00. 00 0 q.,,d,a ~ les llind>"I' - l 9 ~ J) The R,nsold Form .c:ia n was 1u 11wJ b•,' Moniom ,nd Buv.•,1 ldo ,,19 171 lo, s·nLll m 1ha '.\'h1•e B!Llf i, o n 1he Pnast RepCds l lU IJ.U Ull quadran~l,·. ·1\ •: u rad -,, "" ' sl1m\"II on llw rna p: fill er J epcsi ls {un:1 rll,! c) onJ coarse ,· , ffi:menas. c i,kl l~ rnri~lmncr~lc {m>il ~M cal.

Conti nental sedi mentary mcks- lnl~,hedrleci lha<· ,a l ~n d lac, a,L,irn, '""I. ~ II, a c,l cla·,· hc•ds o. i1h lo,~l ,,c·,o~, len,e, and strmge r,,, s.and chicl ls· quart, a nd lelOsra; , lac,,111 m,ceceo"" · ,,;nla in, diatumite boos. ,ephr,. l,ccis , a~d fossil,. con,monlc c• r!'"d I ,y p e, lu~e , 11 c cddxma w. ,,, s,krnL e; " hice. qL~).". qracn. r,0 ddcsh -b, oeo.n . COO. nr 1an , , ilty cla \' l'nils h,mm ntalb; lomH,oi<xl S'-d 90,u,colly l,cl;in~ rnrrer,1-ge~~raLcJ , edjrncnlu,•1 ,trudores: si! l a11d e~i,U unas Ji,pl,,· hvr i,,,,.ta l o,lU ripple be.ldir.~ ac.d cmw bedd,1.~.

c~'"''" of r/,a JT.i u foci,,, of 11:e Ringold focmatioa .

Continenl~I ~ed iment~ry rocks, conglomer,1te \J;,r iccfored pe~bl a 10 c~bb!e cor,~lomeraca ,•.11h sar«i ma t,is cla sts "-c ll-roudo<l dlld chi,•r,y rn mpo ss'CI vi 4cam il,'. ~rOlll l<'. bo,ali . met,,me rph i,: rocks , , nd pmph).·riti c •:c-!cani: rD<i<S, ir.du<lcs lcn,c, of c,: ,<1r,;e <o a1cdium q,,e,to,{',fc !dspathic s.,n rl tha1 _, r," crn.ss-hcddcd m forese l kcidcJ in 1:bceaa ycric·re!ly well ,orlc.J . n>as:iw l~ h<>O ct,,i . l,,c,,111• ,mbMca,ed. ,·nmm,,nl,· ur.cemenre~ bm in pi eces rr.cdmate:y to pmiy ,ndurntcd ,•i,!h s,lico im n o:,,de. ~ad calcite

CcmsiS!>' <Jf lite' c<>ng/um,•cc·Lic J~cie , ,, / ::,~ Hii,~Q;d Fur mol iM .

Alh 1uh .. n - Peb1,i~ ,o co bOle lan ~lom,0 ra:e, subangu!ai ,o a ng,aler fragm erns o f b~seh ~~d FJle n, h, ,, g " d,n:ents iun',ls Mo. MCJ] rer.y,ng 1r, s'z~ /ram co bb:,, Lo medium , and . ind •, des Hurni. 1110;; « ,, ;,i11g. ,, ncl l,nd, !,ct~ de pnsu 0., ''·" 10. islc• mdc 11 ,,red «·Hh pedogcnic carbnnme, ge r,~r.,lly puo,l)J L!l•J J ,,J - '' -' I" -'"" olcu1ll 11\,, north~, n 11,",k u r I I ,e S ,1d, lle ~fau ntai ns in th e Sm,7n,1 Fl snch an'a ~f ii ,e Prie ,I R,,r, '<I, 1 · 100,0 00 qua d, ,,n~le

Miocene Sedimentary Rocks

ConHnent~l Mrl lm~ ntar;• r~cks- rl"L',ol c1 ,,, .. si lt. '-.>nd, ,1n<1 p ,,hh'e he.'IS. lnc ol gr /A·d and ,,,bh' e IMs~, . h c,,I rl ,,,r nii, ,,e bect< M d b hors ,ncl•.,da s l,1ee1<,M e ctepn<, t<, inclt,rles hgnM beds in c •,rkst,,n an :l Ric~~,r.d J 10 0 000 qoad cangks ,lit, dnd ,ar.d, tc ,alL>" 1ulfacea u, and clae.< lucal :y be n,o nillc . ,ar,d, gen,·, al'y rnm r,,,C<'d o' q~a,tz and fd:l,pa, with minor mica ar>d. in the Cla,ht0c, l JOO 000 quod,~n~!e . ho,nb1e,>J e : sorne sands " c h ,n basolt gra,,i, , ra leo,~l, """""o" in fo,e-gceiPe,I units , .-l e.st, c~mp.-,,e~ o i h,,-., 11, o_, ,,,,1,il e. rl ,o, ite , and , nlc,,aic pmrh~cie_, i!-'n ,·s1 ll, ,pids ,,nd li, cnl,ond I 1\IL) ,(HIO_I qc,,,d,.mgles]. b;,sali, re d "" d goeen , v!e<, n'cid 'c rock,. q,<~mil~, s,lirn igneous roc k, . end me ~1 rr.orph:c rock, (Clm SS1on und Orohno l . l 00 ,UOO o_u,d1·anqlesl. bo:. 11 ~nfls';lta . onci pum!ceo·,s r,,ck, 1Goldendole. Hermls:011. foppe nish . 011d Yak,ma l.100 0 00 quadrMg!esi . fruRrnantm > µlant fus,iJ, eo1i,, ,ion ic1 1h€ f'riest Ruµ ,ci, o,id 11.i, hl,rul l , 100.000 ql!ad, angles gro,·el, form ,rain, and , e1,resen1 a nc~, 1rc,I cum,a, o! Co l•,, nbs, on J Clm rwc,tc ,·- S aLm, ,,, Hee~.-,; ll "CChl and 0J1«>. I % 7 ), ":n ,tc-. off cc h,t~. ~n,·. c,a"m · l:9h1-,,~1 1<1w. ,.~,<klisl, l,rQ,•.n, vr~n ~o a~ido , 1,,,,mg iLc plec~s, we a:Ck• to modera t~I ~ ind•ara te:i : 01·od:,s the Saddle- .'lm,atains loee<il L a,,J <l loo ,, ccun, a, ,rne,beds beh•.een 1.rious !loo.; of tk Col~rn l :a lli1·ar [lasalt Gr,,up . po~rl ,· c'Spascd C>.l'e pl Cn , ,;aJcuL,. ~c11<•r .. lly c•rn<l,,s IQ yc· nli~r slor, e~ !han lhe basalts. ~, ,_,r.c' lo lanci,l,J~, lm,i:> QI, ,mJ OP.is) lh• L imo lw N ili ir1Lt' rl·...d, aHd basalt lh •.s , ,n ,he Saddle Mo,, rnain, ila, ,11 inLc"'e<.fs art' prc,c•n t bc t'.1·c rn :norc• ll0w, a r1d are Lhicker than ,n 1he Wanapum or faa ndc Ror,d£ ll asalts · 1r1di\•id1 ~1I intcrberla ,,s muc h a s DO m ,hick in •he P., ,co Ilasn1 (Pne.s. 1-t, p:ds and Ric hland 1·100 .(J/)fl qu.,dr.,ngbl and T roy lh sln iCb , ~st,:,n 1 -I 00 .000 qe,, lr,,ngle) . h11,, rbeds reco rcl subcctluicc and lom ,<>tion oi , ln lU L1r, il Wsi11, il e1•.1,lon . Troy. and Po,co be,in, ic co ntact> eo:iiurrnabl£ ce<ccpl ,, C.cre lat·a ,lows are h,:a,e1·e in1o uni1.

Jncludes ul leo,r put! of <he L,Jul, forn ,oriun (G,i~~-' - J 97ri. ,' >- :_'Q,3'.'/ a rn, <he J,ne ,gmm,;ri fuc,, ,, u/ r/ee Ell, '"b"'\J fo"""""" '- Sn,,1/, (198,~/ ,,,elude.,, / mm l-" '"'Y"'' lo o/desr, /h,, Ro!! konah· Rid!Je .'.km[-.,, Sela .Ii ,\ !.,mbe , .',fcbton m~n,be, (mfu,uml/. Suu,,cu Cn:ack Membe,. uHJ l'u" '"~" Me" •be , " ' !!,e l'l!en, bmg fom,o, ,aun, Com,~.\c l.' a nd f?e ide/ r 1991} ~0(1 ti,c •n/om ,a/ l.e"'l" ,., ,e ,.',,,d /OOoec !h~ Rot!lc•sna'.~ f/1d~e Mc o1bcr). Cold C ccc•k ,nlc• , t,,-ri (helrno t/,c ;;,,1(,1, Me n,b..rJ, Q,.jncy ,r1 !ecl,,;_,{i /ot"ve d,e Sg<' CTU' C=< i-fornbec/. ,i nd ori:e,. """"""~,. m,c rl,ed,. /!m,;I;,,,,, c,;d G,·o/ier(l %61 indurlftl rlie Eec,erly Mcn;/:'i'1 . J ~fi" ed a, wdJ ,, i, ,it c ry dep,:,slls belv~· rh~ r~p c,f 1/,e uµµe m to,o S,, ld,'~ Mu"mai11> f!, •LO a nd abo,·e rl1e Peles/ Rapid, Member

C,m tiuout«l ,~dim~tlt«r,• r<>cks, c<>TI~lomer«t~-fb,li•I yr~n·l. ccobOb . , iii. dfld '1mJ , don,irioteJ b\• 'I Oll·r~undeJ 4<iarld ce cla,L,. ".'iii, , 1gnW,,, ,t nwrnbo ,s d ~r•n ili , . gnci,, ic. ,ue La·. nl, "" "· l,;~,l , lc. ,mJ a ~de, ILlc c la;t,, l,;;~1 ;-e lk,., •lcm \o n,d,li, h a ,,,n~c . wc,,i<ly to ,t, o~gly in clu 0 a lm! , dcpo sc1C\ I hy the a ncesl col Columb1 ,, a ,v.J Salmua, · Cl eam a:er Ricers

/, ,eludes 11,~ cours-a ~mine-.:/ jm,~s of tile 1'1,'en<bu,g fonncrian /,ndud, ~~ 1 l1e co,ig /om e,a•e of Sn ipe, /,fo utl1oi.s of S:t\lJ l>Qll G•l d o/hers. 19190) a,id the sed,,i,.-,.,s uf L, m~ H,J I of //~Kl~/ a,id u diers /J 992).

Eocene Sedimentary Rocks

Cuut;«e»ta l «Jimenlary ,ocl<s-\1,caceou, lelJ ,p., ch;,, le, hthofe l<l spad ,ic sa ndslnne., ;n d udes bsc•, dmuur,t; of corOOn.ec,eous , ii1Stc ne and she1c peW y ,c,,hto;,o l,ght-, ,:, loced rnirnc~nu, ~rn<l<1')ne . anrl cc;ngl ~mer,,1~. d,,,-h-g,,,y, v:~at he,i,"l tu t,m , r nncly , ort• d· ,hin to " ' ' I' Lhl ck beddet l. i<;G,lli• c,os,-becld,,.-L e ,p~;,,<l •" the '1 ')rl be,;I comec of the m,,p ore,,

Cons ists o/ Iii~ Sm,~k Fo,rno11011

Jurassic Sedimentary Rocks

Marine .scdimentof!< roclls-Bl.1cksh.1!a anrl ar~tll 11,. bra1J.-n ~, ndsooru:. 11ebhle conglomerate , ~.:d , -,, ,, . thln l,mostune beds: Lh !c);n~,, osr ,nn1,YJ ~, ~ixiw L GOO "" ~-,~ ~' "' o u,, a less •.il o11 l ni ,- in ;he southc ,stern comer of 1h~ mop 01 ~" buund~d by o,1gula , uncon!o , ,nit 'es.

Cu " " ' '-' u/ Cc,o,, H uj/ou· f <>m .o, ,u,, (,\/o c.iwn. l 9MJ

OF

Geologic Map of Washington- Southeast Quadrant Washington Division of Geology and Earth ResouTces

Geologic Map GM- 45 Sheet 1

MAP UNITS

EJ

D

[J

G

G

El

IIIIHII

VOLCANIC ROCKS M iocene Volcanic Rocks

C olumbia m,,e, Basalt Group

E<: ensi·, e ,ho 'ei:!ic basa l, Fl ot',~ of the Co lt>mbia R,,.,, 15.,salt (; roup underlie olmve t lhe entire map a rm In W,"sn,rag tor. , he Cc,lumhio Hi L'<>r Bas,I , C,roup IS co mpos,>.d of ro.,, k,mi a, . ,n, . Hom yoenge.S1 m oldest :he:, ore the 5'oCd le ~lou nto ,ns ll ~solt. lhe \Va,, op;,m lJosa lt . foe Gra nde Ronde 1,.,solt , o~d the ln,no ha Fl,, ,x, lt , !Ill iour fornuti0ns mop o ut m the ma p urea Formdl ond ;,i fo rmal strohg,aph,c un iTS that ate. cun-,cr,1C1 reco,,nizcd m the Colun1b,o River Boe,lt Group arc ,hown in F1gme 5 o f ,he pamph!et

Each forn,a lb n rnnsbts o[ , ,u11 1erous nu.os These' llm,•, crnplc'C frum no,ll, -r.orth"-cst-Lrc'~di n~ llsi;urc s;•s,cms in sou1heasicm Washington ancl ,,dJ~ccnt Ida ho .,nd Or,gvn ct,mng 1h~ m rly, m tddle . end la:c M,c crna , /ra m about 17 .3 /.1.e ,o about 6 M~ (B, ~si 19S9, Tolan ,,nd o thers. l 9S9 : McKee a nd others. 1977. Reidel ,,nd focht. 198 '/)

lncti•.,~m l tloo.• ;hid:nes, ,; QHLto v.1n"'1 and g~ner..lly ranges f, nm a few ,new,; to more ,h:,o 1 00 '" TI11rk,1ess ur , l, e CL"lu11# , Ri c-.,, Flssal1 G, oup re,,d,es mc•rc• Ll ,011 3 .2 b n LIL lite Pasco Jiisln {Reid,,! ., nrl o1hP.rs. 1 9S9) Ac·,,r,1gP. lh lckn ess. ca lcula,e<I l,a ,n Ll1e volume• (1 l'J .300 km' I .:>11d o rieiutl l serlucc· a rea {163 ,70 0 kml') ,Jtven ~Y T.:>la1 1 a rJJ others 119 89). ' ""Y Ue about l 06 1,m 13.SOO ftl.

In the foJJo,.rng d=:rip•ion, Cct,i b of rnDling joints and o:her im,-,1 ~ow structures. ;nte rbcd ma Lt•riah . frd 1 a nd '.'.'c'clll,erc'<l co!or,. wea lr.ertng r hare<:1£nslics, 1i1ickness ,, nd chemis·"I a ce omitted hccame thq are q LJ itP. sim,ler from unit 10 ,mit . Th~ IIOll.'S a, e 101n1e,:I_ a nd the 101nts are 1yp,c,1II~ Lluc·k•, u, colunHk,r . s:, lh~L mLls l ~u,•;s ha,·~ rnl o1111aJe , aetU some lm<e en•aL ldures rnu,I ,,re hbck or gr,iy on rrd, surlucc•s rnusl v.eulh~r frnm Llr,i y lu sume slw clc• o/ red or Lro"'" rnb bly ,_,r pil lowed buses are co mmon. as ar,' ·. esicul,r, scoriccca us. and rub~I',' fbw [,:,ps . Chemistry. un the otlll' r hdnd . is e"rc rndy important; ,. di,lins,, i, hin~ one unil from othe rs. but ., satisfactocy tre,,tmom a l the su\i1ect is bei•c,r,d rhe .scopa of this rnp an .

Fie ld mappers use a combino:ion d stra.igraphic reJ., tioos. mcgascopic 1>h1·sical charact,0 , ts1LG .

magnetic 11 0 1.,rify, .,nd ge0<0he m:stry t~ ~s,1qn a fi e."' ca '" Jo,m.1tian .1nd membe r. u,,. ,,olly J

r,rellrnln,, ,y ., s.signmcnt is m.>Ge in 11-.e f1e!d .1.-.d r.w, rn nllm.ed {or c.illed ,nta quas1ia1tl lo), che 11\icol ~, wl;-ses

Saddl"- M~u~tai11,: Basalt- Bli'l<I IL fov:.,: pr<~~rnimnl ly fir,e- ID 1na<liu1n-gr,,in,,,t, c.i lh some c0c>i,e -~rc1r,ed on cl QIMsy parts, mc-sr ph enoc,~sts cM s;s:,no c,f p l, gicclMe. ,,nd lesser umount, of oli,inc phe"CCC/ 5t5 a nd 01ic,0pJ..onocrys1S; !ol'.'Cl rr.embc>"fS an<l up pe,rno;' membe r n<>, molly magne!Lzed , with two of the "ppcr units mcw,e ly ma']n~tteedc feeder dikes. whc' IO knc,wn ;n 1'-Csl-ee@d Wa lla Wall, onJ southeast.o m Pries! RapiJ; 1·100,000 qu,Jra ,,gb Ian " i'fl"' momhee) n, in p.,s;~rn and {nr) sn,c: heas;,,m Cl.o~" tnn 1 , 1 llll,11110 ~1J., nr,1nglc illl'n <>i 1h, In,,:., memhers) , c.nmm ,,nly 1ndLldc.s i,c,dil!irld sedirr.enl~",' imPrhPrls d the ~ll e nst," rg 1-o,ma ticn (, init Mc) a nd uaOi,;ded f!o,cs invo<i,-c inlo sedi'rnenll>ry inlerbed, . See the pumphbt fo, ecid1tiono l desc, lpti.-~ ir.lm matio n

Cm,ai•;c, of rl,~ l.o<lz•, MDm1me11rol BHfu,d. Eleplmn, Musn ,afn. l'omona. Esquatwi \t'~issei,fe/s '11o"gc, , \sotin, !'/ ,lb"' Cr..,,k. and Uma1ilfo r.fomba, .

w~napum Basalt- Basalt flov:,. fme- to coarsc-,;;raincd, micmphenoc')JSts . p h~noc,;ms . • 1od glnme n1ery.sos consi.s tTng ,·ali ou sly ui rl ,1giC>1: lase. <>11'""'"· or. ra rely. a ugl!e, Im,.,., floe:; o f no,mol niagne,ic po k,n!y, 11pper ilr.«~ ,eve rsely n,ngnc t,, ed . M d middle itows e>«ursio na l o r tron,iliona l; fa,>Cec rl ,l<Ps ,n rh e Ck,<l< stM . CMnell. P11llm,, n, ac.d Wo'!,, \Va ll,, 1 , I 00 .000 q"odrongb or.d in weslN n Idaho ,,,,u nml heas le , n Oregon: eo ,nmJnl,, ,nd uUc'S unUi,·,JcU seJm,enlary inle rb,,J, o l ihe Ellc nsbur~ Fm ma t,on (urnL M cl auci undi,•ided ~ow, rn•astoe into scci;mentar,· 1ntcrbed.s See the 1u 11riphle l for ,1dclilioa1,l J ~_nipli,•e i11(orrno l1o n

Con.siw of ,he Pnes < R,1prds. 1/o;rn. Frenchman Spri11_q.s. nnd /'cl icr .\/011,itoln /,f,,mbe'6 .

Grand~ Ronde lla,alt- f'.t i.,,,st 120 fl""''' ma l;es ur ~7 perce rll o f the cobme o l the Colllmbio llh-cr Ba, ., 11 Gmc,r. gm,1n,imas.s e<mrnins plogincl ose . ,, ,.gi "'· o~d pl£eOMe. plogiocl ose pher.o c r,•_;r, a,~ ,ro"'· micror h~nocr\~t; of or1 hop1·m , ene. i:·1qeonit<' and ol11ine are ra re. altc,,,:J gla ss lurnll,· consiitute, a, much a, 75 percent o f o lbw but ;, t>•p;cal l1· less 1ha" C,O pe,c~n,, gcanero ll '., apfr,T1c and (inc nro,ned , di1ided in<o 17 dormal un;1, un , t,,, bos, s oi mog"" " polarlly. s:rnliJraph:c p o.citioo phe,icol d,o,aclcfr,•":s. dnJ geud ,.·, rnS!, y il<e'dd and ~,he.s , I 989). fe,,J e, Jib es ,n lice Cl"bt<m .mJ Pullm,m I , 1 OU , l}UO qu,,drongba soprol1!e o r w,:l jmentary irllc rbed com,no nl1; GCCUTS a, tha to)': ' >'r e !nc,,ILty ,n the can,on oi ,he Gn ,nde Ronde Ricer nn-< th o/ the mmuh of ,loser h Creek (secs . 2 1- '' 3 . r , 7 N, R. 4 6 E.) in ,he Clor~~ton I JOO.OLIO quoctrongl~ [Can,p t r.d othe:s. 19 7S, Reidel. 1983 Reide l and 0 11 ,ers 1992): di"JeJ '"'" fou, magneto<Lrati~raphic llrnts . from o lciasl to ,·oung"-st R1. Ni , Re. Ne [,_,,tom R ,s rov~rscd end N ;, , """'a l p<>!ari1;1

Grnnde Ronrle B.as,d t, ;nv,,sfoe l~o'"' lm,-,;ve into sedim~nbry m•e , bed, of the Ellensburg F" n n~t ion and La tah fo rmc;1on [un11 Mc) or unnamed unit.;; OCCU<S foh le· c~u\<,.,;:,[,, , e sµecio lly towa,d the edges o l ,he Gaa ,i Je Ro~d• Ba,a l1. l,ut sl,owu ur1I\' ;,, ~,e '.':cnatchce LIOU.IJOO quodrnn~le

lmn~h~ !Josolt-MultiµI~ ~o ,., , rnar,c• ly p lay iocla,c·ph1• rk (p henacr,sts :1- 2~ mm long] : ""Jlum- ' <> rn•' -' " ~,ai,>«Je ', •.·ooll ,~"' ' " ~ms. le« ,c,, , , L~nl 10 " eathe, lng than ,,-,•erl;.in~ Grande l!,m.le fh .-, ·"' o "tcmr s '"" morr• '"luk,•d, c.onnal rnognclic polarity in the map a, eo esco,p! Im ih<J top l~c,· fl c eo.·s, eo.h ,ch ar.• of trens,ciooal po lant,; (I loope, or,d o\Mrs. 1979 : Reidel a rid o lh,•,s , 199~; S·~an,on and othc,s, 1980).

INTRUSIVE ROCKS Cret.iceous Intrusive Rocks

Ac.'dic intn,s ive rnck, - C, onc:<lic< ile ~lld lo~alite pJu,o nse l;gh,-gr,,y ~ml yel!u,•,-;irai•, 1J; pical:y fu ha ted or ~neiss.oso· crn p, oul """' ,h., ""'= ed~e ol ,he ,uap orea as bobtcd srert~es ,r.ot mo\' re pio, e"t . ..t<e dc, , ,I lhc, Idaho b., foo lifo

G,.,noJiuri«,-H;o tilc grancdio, i1~ Ol quar•, 1"~11<unite . , on ed po!O'< IIJ m f~ld :pm cr,;stals '""'i ' """'' " ' ul Rapa ki<i c«ru, e anJ m i,·"' ' I ,omblendc , in:iistinc, h10:"e 1>,n ds. ebn_qotc fc'J , pc, c,,.,t~la. ""n s!>ee t- l1l<e. sha rp:,, lxiundod. c~~1 w rci,nt. homhler,rl e-he,1iing. ma fic ,cq,e~a L, o"-' 11,at dc fi ,ue a lol,a tio n a,Kl ;,,, purl~ gn cis,k eppca,ence to thP ,eek cut bs• d.Ses a ( i,eg;,,~,,te, "°""ins le!dspathic wgrega1lirns immed1etd1• .,~~-.re nt ,o ,.lark~reen sl1c1'en:1de~ su,hce,. l:ght ·QrO\'; co;:nse-groi,:ecl: lool i"'ed. e,µ ,,scd on bo1h sides of the S11ake R;o.,r ar (.-mnlte Poi nt [secs . 13 . J4 , 23. ond 2•1. T. 13 N. R. 4:l [ .I in the Pullrn," 1,100 .000 quad,nngl~. foe contact of Ll:e Granile Point bed1ocl< w;,11 01."<' '1ylng 1,a,"11 ~eru,ral i;< ahsrnred by tolu, iJ loope r ~,,J flosenhe,~. I 9701. but 11ewe r rnSroad ,·uts c,,.·pooe ., 11 t1 nconformi t,,' at which bs.,lt .,~,· rl :es a thm r,.le,,snl c,n the ~10110<!,oriic• (G. D \Ve ba1e, \1·,1Sh . S,a t~ llmv v,a ;t,en cx,mm,in , l 99~1-

Cc,,i,i,!S uf rl,e ~rn11.,dionfr• oJ Ga onile A•m1 i11wper cm! h"uee11bers. ! 970/

Tonohte- ll;orne tone.lit. ,ha, coosisls o l ~·••rl;:, ur,wned a nd rnne. mt1,co,itc and b,olitc 11>0, L, d !y , l,mOO lo c hlorltel e<·ill, ""Gsso,~· a pati" '· "" con. and carbon.,,~, ,nequigran ula, "''-' "'" · ,ul,r,,;dlnete homblo ncie ,~ioLiLc -Lona lil e schl:e,en, cut b,· dikes of vafiouo wrnpo51t;ons: sL Ba ld I Jutte. in '.h~ sc uUwasle m pan of the Pullman 1,100.000 ~11admngle. ,his u,·,, t ho, a c.1,_, l;,ll ,,;,lion order ol hurn b1e,:de -hiome tuna lile (l irn). bimiiMonalit<>. aplito dilc.,s. q"a m -<.Ja bl,rn U1hes . pcgmali!e di!<as, and quartz •:e,ns {ht) [I loffmon 1 932). ,, ·eQk fo l;al iu,n d,1)6 .stee ply a nd " e nds arr,rn,ir.ia r< ly m st nr r are!l,•I tc, ,h, rid~e cA Bald Bulle .

Cretaceous- Jurassic Intrusive Rocks

Intrusive rocks. uuJidded-Grn ondin, il~. quart, d,onte. and gobL.-.,, urn, ,e l,m orpho :ed or sl,qh~y rnata,no,µhose<J , e,. poe;e d Cr, a sm,,11 ntea in ;he extreme SOlJLh,·asL curne , nJ ih, map ~,,,.~.

METASEDIMENTARY AND METAVOLCANIC ROCKS

Pre-Tertiary Metasedimentary a nd Metavolcanlc Rocks

Metasedim~n,ar;i anrl me ta, ·<>k,>nic rooks, und;v;cled - A,n11l ite ~reen'1one. quartzite , q1J art,i1;c rr.N,,s,d1mmtary rnc.l:s , omrh,M ht,c sch;st rh,;llite . mct~nobbro ,,nd pl,Bionran<te , , h,•ared . buhcd. a nd lc m llv m1n~r.1lc,ed: cr,,ps 0111 In fN " sm,,11 ·'"'"' ,n the Tuc.., nnon R;,.-er drainage \T. 8 and 9 N !l . 41 F..) ,1ncl m onPnl"<>;;, ,n 1he head'" "'"" oi Mono1chee CreeS (T. 7 N. R 43 E.1 in the Clarlsstan 1.100 .000 quacira~gle base M l e,cr,csed

Pre-Cretaceous Metasedimentary Rocks

Qm,rt, ite - Orth~c,uerl:il~ ne~rly pure quarte w,lh m~gne Lil e ·w reJ goel!o:Lo 810ict>. spa rs,, ,m,11 cr; ·,tal, c,f fe'd,1, or mu;c~t·il~ . bi~ti! e. >ircu, ,. anJ ru lile a nd ra re Lo~m,eLi,,, grains, localJv indu! e, mincor ..:-hi;[. ,•:l,il~ lo c r~4rn\' ,.I ,ik lighl·gray lu bJuish- a nd purplish-gray. pink a nd reJJl,h-hcclC"ll re«V>Ee]l;,~J t<> c<> <"" ~'"" ol,'o,lic l,•xtm,, , ;c•lid cm ~s·laminafon . mass i<·~ h ddm~. Cnc,,n,pirn~"' h<,:ld"'8 pla'"' '· dense ao.d rn,,n lo r~ob'e ; o cwrs ;n ,he h,gher hill, (<LepLuss) " ' ll·e '1u cLh , ~'1ern pod uf 1:,0 Pull" '"" H00.[J0{J (,'"Kfr,rn,;',• . eo.he,~. a l Kamiai< 11,,11 ,,. a :!~ 1-m· IIH ck ,;:,cimn con;,, L, of a,enaceo,., o,lh0<Jl'arl, ito jl<;cbS<er ann Nu~a,. I 9S~. p . 531 as we ll as 1mercalated metacor.~lomer~cic quam!'.e chtafly composed o f bu!f-inch-d,aeue iec, w,:ldish-b, c,, •m to o.-h:te suiJan~ul'1 lo well -ro,indcd qu.,rtzile pebbles cha,. e,cep1iflg g,ai n sim ,e,cmb!c 1hc rm:nx· orthoqcc, mi!,• o n Ka,nial, BJ1t,, di ps south a , souclio"" · ori U l,eJs 01, peo1 lru ncat, d un th,- , '.eeper norll, , ;ci e by fac,lti"\l "nd we U JcwlupeJ. cu<1 ""u' ,ly iruct·,«iucJ joint, . and ot leo,t fa·e . smo ll .:or. r.orthwcst-n endin~ fo ul•, ofl, et the me ,n , !cige , ligb tl1•: &, ,;~;ie 119 73) ,-~1)()1tcd catacla,11c tox1ures ,n the orthc,quamila ' hot ;,,,:lud,, unJuld~,y c-xlincliuri . J e/c,:11 ,eJ h•. :n lam e:loe. onJ tlifbenlia ll~· , i,o~«<l ~uorl, 1'itl, SsL urc-J bc ur,Jd:ies .

Triassic Metasedimentary and Metavolcanic Rocks

Mdaearbonate - ~Jassic·e Jirne ,•o n~ and dolomtl.a. >Orne cerbot1aceu1L< l:.a ci sc u,dcJ.a.s u,_,,_,c, reef deb1is cs.po:c<l in 1he "°" th eus: come, of the maµ a ,ae. "''" i'es L' .e Do-; k C , eek Fum,alio n (un it Sm~. probcbly un con!o, mabl~, o,,e rla in \C; ,h angular ,u1e0nro" ""Y b>· C,:,~,1 Hnlluw fo,ueol ,uu (uu;, Jmf.

CoJ1a,.1ts of the Mornn /lr,dge I .rn1esMne (h'om, ,'/M. l %:;)_

Metosedhnento,;, a nd meta,·olconic rocks, un diviOed- T l'.'U fo1 ma l; on, of Lile S,·vc" De-., ls Gro up (V.,11,er. l q77I Do.,Je CroJ'-' k fom k1liun- ~l1,ruo 11 .:n<l 8r<'en , ulc."m bn•r< i.o. ir.C'Luba,al:. kcrato9h\'' "- "nd c·o!rntic somls lune inlc•rl-<-dU·_,J 1e 1th ,h"le tu!/ congbmeraL e a11J thin ICme slo nc bed" exp osed in lite sou11leas1 cu mer o l ti ,e C1 1ap iires , prnbalily c!'mkr m,lil~ '.'"i th ue< <l, ,r l~ing W1 !d Sh,•ep Creek formaMn r nh.ohli· 11nc<>0f,>rma\,le «; th ~,.,,t,,ng Mot! in f1nd£e UmMtone {unit fa o), the uppc1mo :t !Urr.t otion d the ~e;·en Dcd s Group

Wild Sl :eep Creel; Forn 1,>lio., - ),k" bas,1ll. 1,ilhv bNrli. and pillow brc•ccia c•, it h '°"""' , o lcani~ b,ecch, aod volcanic sond,t.:.,~ o,·erla;n by ,,rD1ll1 <e w,k-anitlaslic ,ock, l, cne,lonc• and rn<0,aba, ah rnel~basalt abunden•. in , l,c• m,p area· c sJrnSc'O in an apprnximaw:,, 3 -m,e a cea ,n 1h~ southeast corner ,,; th e map area and in a 1-rn ,' area a few rmlea 1c, ,he north o!o~g rr.e Sn,.~c Ri,·m uccor,formabl',' o,·crl!e; t'rc Ea r::,· Pcem,ar. Hunsake r Creek Fo rmation ,, ut:irle 1he m ,1r '"'"' · c,1nfo rrn .,c ;~ ,-,·.•are>,a o,, th,, Dni·l•. Cre•I< r~rmatlno

C.,1,,;,i, ~r ,Jie J./vyl, Creek o1'd ,fa, \ I 'i ld Shwp C,e~k fo,r.,o,k>as (VGl.' ,er 1977).

Precambrian Metased imentary Roc ks

M;ssoula 6rnup, Striped Pea k fo rm~ti ,m-Predo ,ni.i onlly ~ra , . grc·,•n. at1cl red ,ill ile ,,. iLI, ;ul,ordino·e l1 qh1-cdoroct quar!,ila 011d mi,w, µ ink Jo'.,, rnilo l,,ne,, ac,J (vrl L,eJs: Jork arg illiw µ,rli11'; S , ,.,.,,,.,~ ri: J50·m·thkk con,• oi ~ra, l<> rc•dclbh·gra',·. medbm· to rnar,e·y ra ined /cid· sp,,lhi, ~uark:ile cornmonlc prc,e nl ~bout 31.10 m bolo"' Irle <op o/ lhe !orrrnlion, mo s\ ou!m, ps c lw ac1cd , e,l l,,' ~ , n,cact' OUS she en e n bed,Ung surfaces, med ccac ks, ciwle m;,cks , and mud-<:h 1p brecci.1 ,ommon m red and ~1wn rocl,s: loca lly punlc; an<l l,!t•e.chcd, occurs in tile nmlheo,c co rner of the ma p u ca .

Ravalli Group , Revet! and Burke Fo,mMions, undiuid•d Moslly l1r, ht ~' ay to gmon;,1,. g«c, rn,mno .. lv """"'" '"'' _s, lt,•e onJ cc hi!e. c~m,nonly leld,poll1ic qua <Lc-;te . g o,Tl ; i!e g<e ne,ally c· ,1 ce,ous. i<;,;. dl , c,,c,: ainjng m,, ,aJ ,,d ~'a"" o f Of"'yu~ ldu,~, yea"-'' ocruc; ,n lhe northe,,,t comer o r !he "'"I' a,e, : 'l•/d:» lec ,,,, J Nu,-,e , I l 9S2. !' ,J9 ) de,c"bcd ,·0d"' on S L,plce B, ,1 le [L l ~ N ll 44 E.I ,,, r-.dcii, h b,o,c·n. 1,m. ,, ,,J , •. hile , """CC"' le ·be" ri"> y~o,lzc(e u f tiw Revrn Form,t1,, n, th e e> po;ure , -ou1h of Rosolio a, · Qumtzit€ , schi,: and ~nebs o l the Pricha,d Fo ,,na t1 0,1'\ mid tt.e ,·xJOOSllTC, in '"" · 6 , ·1. 19 N .. R 44 E .. a, part o f lhe P,ichc,rd formmion o, [],_e StripeJ Pd, Forma1lon . ho""'"", in ,h,s ,.,port. the rucl-. , a , e shown " ' Re,·~tt-Burk~. uctdit id~U. ufler C, lsg, 11973).

METAMORPHIC ROCKS Precambrian Meta morphic Rock s

S~hist - C l,idl·, Ei1u/ 10 ,ndium-,irainad g~,,M -b;,, rn e•1J1u;co,.•i1~-quar!o ,chbt ""d worse srsined ph1• l1He wilh ,~b~r<linate n:ediu m I~ fin ,~gra!ncd mic acem.cs quart.:il~ a ni n,;ca"'uw; _s,ltil~ , sch,st is sh.s-.-J~, of gr .. y or Urnwn e n f,esh su,faces . diss.2m;m"d irr,n sul fide cmnmon lhrougho~l lhc• unit, ·.•.eat hcring sur!ac~s ger.crnll1• r'.,e ly broc•.n, quanelle and silt:te commonly ba nd ed . ba r.ding appears tu p"rnlbl rel\c l beddmg, ,,;chis l con ta ins ~amcl p orph1•rob laS1s Id rnml. no t typicolly c·i0 \bla ,n h,1nd sp ecimen . hrn c,n cut suri,, c,,s r,,,I~ pi nS aarnet porph~roblos!s a re d ,iblc . lhin seclion, shoe,· ths · lhe rock lacks pl:,gim lasc: game ls a1 B la1,,-g,u·.•,1h [post-mica). h><·e no a pporcn, rota1ion and arc rnlm!ess 1•·1;h abundant inclusio ns (q u,, m '1): alrhm1gh f,•l1a1ion in the quartzite hcds is no1 we ll de,•e1vp<'<I, corn1~ere met.1morphic ,~C'!,'stalli,,, nc,n has ocrnr,-2,-J: in ,h~ schiat and ph1·ll 1ta. kiirn,on appe.., 1 s 1a para l!el , elict be<ldlng: l>edd ing app&1'S to ha,•e been re~ul.u ;rnd ,xmllrnoo,s: ;he rock has lloo dislirtc1 de~w,gesc o w ns in the• west ha lf oi sec 14 . T. 20 N .. R. 4 1 E. n<,;,r Iha no rth ~nu o l Roel< Lu ke in th~ Rosal ia 1: 1 00.000 qu,drongle .

LIBRARY DEPT. OF NATURl'l REOOURCES

G.EOi.OGY & EARTli RESOURCES Df\llSKlN. OLYMPIA, WA.. l!a504·7007

f)E 175. A3 /13 45 copy 1 Sheet 1

AGE(M 0

0.01

0.02

a)

-

-

0 1 -

0.5 -

ERATHEM SYSTEM

"' -• C -•• ~ • = 0

CORRELATION DIAGRAM (To accompany geologic map , sheet 1)

SERIES STAGE - ~

Holocene a, O<o -,, ., · L

late Wisconsin a,b ,.. ' -··, ,. a,

,' ear ly Wisconsin

I • 0 a oo a, C 3 rn, a, or, a,, • u L?-0 ~ Olil1'5' I "' ·~ Q.

~ 1,, pre -\11'is consin 1.0 - ~

~ -?-'--'?-

l 6

3

4

5

10

15

20

25

30

40

50

60

65

70

80

100

! 20

140

160

180

200

220

240

250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

u .. 0 N

0 :z 11,l

u

"' -.~ ~ -• ...

u .. 0 N

0

= 11,l

z ~

= II,

"' = 0 • u • ~ • .. V

u .. 0 N

0 u ·-"' r/l "' • -11,l = ., I:

u ·;;; "' -~ .. ...

~ .: Jl

• C

• u _g -Q.

2 • _,

-.,,

• -c,

= -c,

• :a' u ,g ::.: -

-" ,B

• C • u 0

/2 0

2 • _, -• = 0

• S3 u -c, 0 2 "' -

-2: • w

• = 2 • j u 0 • -;; -Q. -E"·

• w

Late

Ear ly

Late

Middle

Eflrly

Late

Middl~

Early

570 ~ V\ /VVV'

Late z -900

1000 -u ..

-

z 0 < N -1200 .. 0 Middle y

= = -

= 11,l

1400 - I: .. < 0

- u = 11,l ~

1600 - = II,

2000 -Early X

2500

3000- ARCHEAN

.

QE!,;:g -?- p ar.+c9 - -~

--

. L.,.._.

~ RM, E!M cg

""' Meg

M \·s Mo

-

- - -M, ,

-=--?- M,, M vg l "'•

~ -

Meg

'--?-

D ., __ ,

Maastrichtion Kia K,,

Campanian

r;.:: Santouian

Con iac ian

T uro n ian

Cenom.:t(lic.n 1,

Al bia n '

. KigQ

~

Aptian KJ,

B1uremlan

pT r.'11

Hauterivian

Valanglnlan

Berriasian ';il"'?,-,- - ?-

Tlthonlan

~

Kimmeridgian

-Oxfordian EJ Callovian

Bathonian ~

BaJoc!an

Aalcnlan '

Toarcian

Pliensbachian

Sinemuri an

H e ttan gian ,,, Rhaetia n

~

Norian T.t,b -Karnian

>m,

Ladin ian . -Anislan

Scythic1.n 1:

' !•

oTml '" I ;

-·:

=

.

~,~ '-~

The time scale devised for the "Correlation of Stratigraphic Units of North America (COSUNA)" project of the American Association of P€lroleum Geologists (Sal~·ador, 198S) is used in this diagram. Exception's are: (1) placement of the Eocene-Oligocene boundary at 37.5 Ma (Montenari and others, 1985) and (2) placement of the Pl!oc.ine-Pleistocene boundary ilt 1.6 Ma (Aguirre ,md Pasini, 1985). The time sca le for the Protero20ic is that devised by Harrison and Peterman (1982) .

Cartographic design and production by Carl F. T. Harris, Keith G. Ikerd, and Nancy A. Eberle

A

I-

GE (Ma)

0

I-

I-

I-

I-

I-

-

---

-

-

-

I-

-

I-

I-

I-

I-

I-

I-

I-

I-

I-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I-

r ~

~

I-

0.01

0.02

0 .1

0.5

1.0

1.6

3

4

5

10

15

20

25

30

40

so

60

65

70

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

250

570

900

1000

I- 1200

I-

I- 1400

I-

~ 1600

- 2000

2500

3000

Geologic Map of Washington-Southeast Quadrant Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources

Geologic Map GM- 45 Sheet 2

GEOLOGIC UNITS 1200 30' ,,oo 117 0

' I.D 118° + 41 ° 15, f'~["--------;--~;::::J~==:::;~------------------ --- -_:r _____________ T ________ -:;;:::,-:---.-:------c:;;;,;;;;~ -;:~:--1 ___ \::-:-----~;,s:J'l 41° 1s'

· fracture \). .s ' " 1--(:'.1. Cheney ~ 15---pGhm Y VOLCANIC AND SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

SubgreenschistMGrade Metamorphism

Miocene basall flows. Includi ng sul:Jjacent and intercalated sedime ntary rocks

Eocene sedimentary and 1.;olcanic rocks

Q Jurassic sedimentary rocks

METASEDIMENTARY AND METAVOLCANIC ROCKS

Greenschist·Grade Metamorphism

B Pre-Tertiary metasedirnentary and metavolcanic rocks

B Pre-Cretaceous metasedimentary rocks

B Triassic metasedimentary and metavolca nic l'Ocks

G Middle Proterozolc metased imentary rocks

METAMORPHIC ROCKS

Amphibolite·Grade Metamorphism

! p<:hm I P1·ecambrian heteroge.nem1s metamorphic rocks

"'

47°

\

INTRUSIVE ROCKS T OPPENISH -f

8 Cretaceous rocks

E] Cretaceous and J urass ic rocks

GEOLOGIC SYMBOLS

Contad

-------- · · - -- - Fault - dotted where concealed

R

*

Dip·slip fault - Bar and ball on downthrown side: dotted where concealecl

StriKe-slip faul t - Showing relative horizontal mov'3ment : dotted where concealed

Thrust fault - Sawl~cth on upper plate: dotted where concealed

High angle reverse fault - R on upthrown block

Anticl ine - Showing direction of plunge: dotted where concealed

Syncline - Showing direct ion of plunge; dotted where concealed

Monocl ine - arrow o n steeper limb

Volcanic vent

DiKe - Dotted where concealed

'\~ '\ "\:-., Fracture 20ne \\"'-0-

BAS IN

120° 30'

Lower-case designations of uni t type (member. formation) indicates informal name. 1: 100.000 quadrangle abbreviat ions CL, Clarkston; CO. Connell; GO, Goldendale: HE. Hermiston: ML. Moses Lake; OR. Orof ino: PR, Pries t Rap ids: PU. Pullman: Rl. Richland: RT. Ritzville: RO. Rosal ia: TO. Toppenish: WW. Walla W.:i l!a : WE. Wenatchee: YA. Yakima. Distributions of all units of the Grande Ronde Basalt of the Columbia Rive r Basalt Group are from Reidel and others (l 989) and include surface and subsurface extent . For all other uni ts only the surface extent is listed.

GEOLOGIC UNIT

Armstrong Canyon. unit. N2 Grande Ronde Basalt

Asotin Member. Saddle Mounta ins Basalt

Asotin Creek gravel

Basin City. basalt of. lee Harbor Memher

Bear Creek flow. Um.:iti lla Member

Belt Supergroup

Beverly Member. Ellensburg Formation

Bonneville flood deposits

Buckhorn Spri11gs unit. R1 Grande Ronde Basalt

Buford Member. Saddle Mountains Basalt

Burke Formation. Ravalli Group

Center Creek unit. R1 Grande Ronde Basalt

China Creek unit. N1 Grande Ronde Basalt

Clarkston gravel

Clarkston Heights gravel

Clearwater gravel

Cloverland. basalt of. Weissenfels Ridge Member

Co ld Creek interbed. Ellensburg Formation

Columbia River Basillt Group

Coon Hollow Formation

Dodge. basalt of. Eckler Mountain Member

Downe:,• Gulch unit. N1 Grande Ronde Basalt

Doyle Creek Fonnation

Eckler Mountain Member . Wanapum Basalt

Elephant Mountain Member. Saddle Mountains Basalt

Elephant Mountain floLV. Eleph;:mt Mountain Member

Ellensburg Formation

Esquatzel Member. Saddle Mountains Basalt

Fields Spring un it, N2 Grande Ronde Basalt

Frenchman Springs Member . Wanapum Ba5a lt

Ginkgo. basalt of. Frenchman Springs Member

Goose Island. basa lt of. lee Harbor Member

Grande Ronde Basalt. Columbia River Basalt Group

Grande Ronde River grave l

Granite Point , granodiorite of

SYMBOL

M's

OMcg

"'

M,g

Meg

QMcg

QMcg

M's

Mc

Mvs. Ir! vw.

Mv9 ,h!v,9, Ms,

Jm

Irle, Meg

M ~'s

M~'g

M v 1•1

Mv g,Mv1g

Qh!C!J

1<1gd

DEFINING AND/ OR 1: 100.000 REPRESENTATIVE REFERENCE QUADRA.NG LE{S)

Reide l and others. 1989

Swanson and others. 1979b

Hooper and others. 1985


Ross. 1978. 1989

Harrison and Campbell. 1963: Griggs. 1973

Bingham and Grolier. 1966

Malde. 1968

Reidel and o thers. 1989


Harrison and Campbell. 1963: Griggs. 1973

Reidel and othms. 1989

Reidel and others. 1989

Webster and others. 1982

Webster and others. 198 2

Webster and others. 1982

Hooper and others. 198 5

Campbe ll and Reidel. 1991

Swanson and others. 1979b: Tolan and others. 1989

Morrison. 1964


Reid'31 and others. 1989

Vallier. 1977


SLvanson and others. 1979b

SLvanson and olhers. 1979b

Schmincke. 1967 : Sw.:inson and others . 197%: Smith . 1988


Reide l and others, 1989

Swanson and others. 1979b; Beeson and others. 1985

Beeson cind others. 1985


Swanson and othe rs. 1979b: Reidel and oth'3rs. 1989


Hooper and Rosenberg, 1970

GOHE

CL COORPRPUYA

CL

PRRIWW

CL

RO

PR

CO CL OR PU

CL CO GO HE ML OR PU PR RI RO RTTO WWYA

CL

RO

All

All

CL

CL

CL

CL OR

wesrern part oi map

All

OR

CLOR PUWW

CL GO HE OR PU RI \\JIN

OR

CLOR PUWW

CLCO GO HE OR.PR RITO WWYA

CL CO GO HE OR PR RI TO W\NYA

GOHE PR PU RJTOWEYA

COPR PU RI YA

CLPU

CL CO GO HE MLPR PU RI RT TO 'NW WE YA

COGOHEMLPRR! TOWW YA

PRRIWW

All

CL OR

PU

-t,. zone ~ ... ~ I • ·!,. Q UI NCY Y:.

"'

I a~, u .. r., t,'lu

• Moses Lake

BAS IN

+ - -;P~R~E~>;C~H:!_!;M~A~N\-~_,,_!:!!!,gi.--,-~ ... ~ O'SULLIVAN DAM H ILLS

-<

"' \\

BASIN

+

"'

"' * •

\.

Rit21.~lle •

• \

\.LOWER MONUMENTAL DAM

"+

PALOUSE

PALEOSLOPE

• *

COLUMBIA BAS I N

• "'

LITTLE GOOSE DAM .\ ~\

--t

· ··--(

Mo

**

* *

*

Pomeroy

"l-1)_ HJLLS /Cl

<'i<

""

+

*

' •

119° • , < 1

*

°*t * * ICE HARBOR DAM M,

COLUMBIA BA S I N

PALOUSE

PALEO SLOPE

"' iJ--- pT .. •s

BEDROCK GEOLOGIC AND TECTONIC MAP

0

SCALE 1 :625,000 10 20 Miles

0 10 20 Kilometers

LIST OF NAMED UNITS

GEOLOGIC UNIT

Grouse Creek unit, R2 Grande Ronde Basalt

Hanford formation

Huntzinger. basalt of. Asotin Member

Ice Harbor Member, Saddle Mountains Basalt

Imnaha Basalt. Columbia River Basalt Group

Lapwai. basc1lt of. Wil bur Creek Membe.r

Latah Formation

Levey interbed . Ellensburg Formation

Lewiston Orchards. basalt of. We.is!';enfe ls Ridge Member

Li m'3 Hill. sediments of

Lolo. basnlt of. Priest Rapids Member

Lower Monumental Member, Saddle Mountains Basalt

Lyons Ferry. basalt of, Frenchman Springs Member

Mabton member. Ellensburg Formation

Martin Bridge Limestone

Martindale. basalt of. ke Harbor Member

Meyer Ridge unit , R2 Grande Ronde Basalt

Missoula Group. Belt Supergro up

Missoula. glacial lake . deposits

Mt. Horr ible unit. R2 Grande Ronde Basalt

N1 magnetostra!igraphic un it. Grande Ronde Basalt

N~ magnetos tratigraphic un it. Grande Ronde Basalt

Ortley unit, N2 Grande Ronde Basalt

Pasco gravels

Palouse Falls . basalt of. Frenchman Sp rings M1a-mber

Palouse Formation

Pomona Member. Saddle Mountains Basalt

Priest Rapids Member. Wanapurn Basa lt

Quincy interbed, Ellensburg Formation

R1 magnetost ratigraphic unit, Grande Ronde Basalt

R2 magnetostratigraphic un it. Grande Ronde Basalt

Rattlesnake Ridge Member Ell ensburg Formation

Ra~·a lli Group . Bc.!ll Supmgroup

Revett Formation, Ravalli Group

Ringold Formation

Robinette Mountain , basalt of , Eckler Mountain Member

(To accompany geologic map , sheet 1)

SYMBOL

Qls, Org

"'· Mv;

"' "'

Meg

Mc

'"

Q!s, OJg

a,,

a,

MV1•1

"' Mag

"',

"'

P. Mc ,

!?Meg

DEFINING AND/OR REPR ESENTATIV E REFERENCE


Carson and o thers. 1987: Myers. Price, and others. 1979

Reidel and Fec ht. 1987

Swa nson and other~. 19 79b

Swanson and others , 1979b

Reidel and Fecht. 1987

Griggs. 1976

Campbell and Reidel. 1991


Reidel and others, 1992



Beeson and others. 1985

Smith , 1988

Hamilton. 1963

S1.1.:anson and othe rs , 1979b

Reidel and oth'3rs. 1989

Harrison and Campbell. 1963; Griggs. 1973

Bretz and others. 1956: Baker and Bunker. 1985


Swanson and othe rs, 1979b



Carson and others. 1987: Myers_ Price, and others, 1979


Busacc a, 1991

Swanson and othe rs, 1979b

Swanson and others, 1979b

Campbell and Reidel . 1991



Schmincke. 1967

Hani50n and Campbell. 1963: Griggs. 1973

Harrison and Campbell, 1963: Griggs, 1973

Lindse:,•. 199 1

Swanson and others . 1979b

U 00.000 01 JADRANGLE/SI

All

PR Rl

PR

PR RJWIN

CLOR

occurs in Idaho

NE part of map, none shown

western part of map

CL OR PU

OR

southern part of map

CLCOPU

CLCO HE PU RI WW

western part of map

OR

PRRIWW

CLCO OR PU

RO

All

All except OR RO

All

All except OR

All except OR RO

PR RI

COPRRI TOWW

All

CL COGOHE PR PU RI TO WWYA

All

western part of map

All

All

western parl of map

RO

RO

COMLPRRIRTWWYA

CL

GEOLOGIC UNIT SYMBOi

Rogersbu rg uni t, R1 Grande Ronde Mvg

Basalt

Rosalia , basalt of, Priest Rapids Member

Rma Member , Wanapum Basalt

Saddle Mountains Basalt. Columbia River Basalt Group

Sand Hollow. basalt o f. Frenchman Springs Member

Selah Member. Ellensburg Formation

Sentinel Bluffs unit. N2 Grande Ronde Basalt

Sentinel Gap, basalt of. Frenchman Springs Member

Seven Devils Group

Shumaker CreeK , basal t of, Eckler Mountain Member

Si ll usi, basal t of. Umati lla Member

Siil•er Falls. basalt of. Frenchman Spri ngs Member

Slack Canyon unit, N2 Grande Ronde Basalt

Sl ippery Creek, basalt of. Weissenfels Ridge Membei

Snipes Mountain. conglomerate of. Ellensburg Formation

Sprague LuKe. basalt of. (equiva lent to basa lt of Lewiston Orchards?)

Squaw Creek Member. Ellensburg Formation

Striped P'3ak Formation. Missoula Group

Swauk Formation

Teepee Butte l'-fomber. Rt Grande Ronde Ba~alt

Ten mile Creek. basalt of. Weissenfels Ridge Memb1u

Thorp Gravel

Touchet 8'3ds

Umatilla. basalt of. Umutilla Member

Umatilla Member , Saddle Mountains Basalt

Umtanum unit. N2 Grande Ronde Ba salt

Vantage Member. Elle nsburg Formation

Wah luke. basalt of. Wilbur Creek Member

Wanapum Basalt. Columbia River Basalt Group

Wapshilla Ridge unit, R2 Grande Ronde Basalt

Ward Gap flow. Elephant Mountain Member

Weissenfels Ridge Member. Saddle Mountains Basalt

Wilbur Creek Member, Saddle Mountains Basalt

Wild Sheep Creek Fo1·mation

Win ter Water unit. N2 Grand'3 Ronde Basalt

Yakima Basalt Subgroup, Columbia River Basalt Group

Mv,.v

"'

Mvw

sm,

"'•

Meg

"'

,,,

o,,

"''

Mc

M·1g

M ,,

M Vs, Mv.,,,

M•ig, Mvig

I

AREA

t "'' OF

Colfax

'r' STEPTOES

,r''

.j

*

+

LOWER GRANITE DAM

'

\\ '

• Pullma n

~ 0

46° 30'

LEI.VIS TON

~ / - ,·· -...~-•, CliirKston

-1 STRUCTURE

\

I ft •

L EWI ST ON

BAS IN

*

DEFINING AND/OR REPRESENTATIVE REFERENCE

Reide l and others. 1989




Beeson and olhers . 1985

Schmincke. 1967

Re idel and others, 1989

Beeso n and others, 1985

Vall ier, 1977


Reide l and Fecht. 1981


Reide l and others, 1989

Swanson and others, 197%

Swanson and others, 1979a

Swanson and others. 1979a


Harrison and Campbell, 1963: Gr iggs. 1973

Russell. 1900; Tabor and others. 1982


Hooper and others. 1985

Waitt. 1979

Flint. I 938


S•.vanson and others. 1979b

R~idd and others . 1989



Swonson and others , 1979b

Reidel .ind others, 1989

Swanson ancl others. 1979b

S•.vanson and others. 1979b


Vallier, 1977

Reidel and others, 1989


U 00,000 QUADRANGLE(S)

LimeM!n fault

CLCO GO HEOR PR PU RI TOWW YA

n01thern parr of map

CLCOGO ML OR PR PU Rl RT RO TO 1,N\l,J WE YA

southern part of map

CLCO GO HEMLPR PU RI RT TO WE WW YA

western part of map

All except OR

CLCO GO HEMLPR PU RI RTTOWW YA

OR

CL

CL GO HEOR PRPU RlTO \W/YA

COGOHEPRRITOWWYA

All except OR

CL OR

GO HEPR TOYA

RO

western part of map

RO

WE

All except RO

CIOR

WEYA

CO PR RI TO WW YA

CLGOHE ORPR PU RITO \N\J..I YA

CLGOHE OR PR PURI TO WWYA

All except OR

weslern part of map

CLCOORPRPU YA

All

All

CLCO GO HEOR PR RITO W\VYA

CLOR PU RO

CL COOR PR PU YA

OR

GO HERi TO

All

GE 1"11 Y!JIP!A. WA. 905()4-7007

QE175 . A3 M3 45 copy l Sheet 2

DEPT. OF NATURAL RESOURCES GEOLOGY EARTH ...Washington. These quadrangle maps and supporting texts...

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Transcript of DEPT. OF NATURAL RESOURCES GEOLOGY EARTH ...Washington. These quadrangle maps and supporting texts...