Dept of Applied Research syllabus - Deemed University apr.pdf · DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED RESEARCH...

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED RESEARCH

Syllabus

Gandhigram Rural Institute – Deemed University (Re-Accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ Grade)

Gandhigram – 624 302,

Dindigul District,

Tamil Nadu, India

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GANDHIGRAM RURAL INSTITUTE – DEEMED UNIVERSITY

(Re-Accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ Grade)


M.PHIL. IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Course Outline and Scheme of Examinations

First Semester Course Credit CFA ESE Total Course 1 : Methodology of Research 4 50 50 100 Course 2 : Applied Statistics in Research 4 50 50 100 Course 3 : Dimensions of Development 4 50 50 100 Course 4 : One of the electives from the following 4 50 50 100

• Demography and Development • Environmental Studies • Applied Gerontology • Social Work Interventions • Manpower Research

Second Semester Course

• Dissertation Work 12 I-75 E- 75} 200 Viva 50}

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METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH

Credit : 4 Max. Marks: 100 Contact hours : 64 [CFA-50, ESE-50] Objectives

�� To develop scientific skills and expertise in formulating problem for research �� To evolve research designs, methods and techniques in conducting empirical

research �� To prepare research report and draw inferences

Unit 1: Scientific Research: Methods of acquiring knowledge – authority, tradition,

experience, inductive, deductive reasoning, scientific method – Principles and

characteristics of scientific inquiry – Process of model building in research – Problem

solving and developmental research –Research ethics, skills and aptitude.

Unit 2 : Research Process: Steps in Research, selection of a problem for research; sources,

identification, and criterion for selection. Significance of review of related literature,

hypothesis formulation, types, functions and role of hypothesis in research. Variables and

types, preparation of Research design – components and types.

Unit 3: Types and Methods of Research: Experimental, explorative descriptive and

historical research; Diagnostic and evaluation studies, field and market survey, Case

Study, trend and futuristic studies, Participatory and Expost-facto research, Longitudinal

and cross sectional studies, Qualitative and quantitative studies.

Unit 4: Data: types and sources – conventional and non-conventional sources– field

operation logistics, mapping and location of units, field diary and supervision. Tools and

techniques of data collection – observation, interview, questionnaire and schedule –

Projective techniques sociometry, psychological tests and scaling techniques – validity

and reliability of research data.

Unit 5 : Analysis and interpretation of Data : Data processing – scoring and categorization

and coding –use of SPSS – emphasis for data analysis - drawing of inferences and

interpretation – Reporting research, Dissemination of research findings, Types of reports,

format of a research report. Reference, footnotes, bibliography – glossary, appendix.

evaluation of a research report; webology and E-journals.

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TEXT BOOKS:

�� Donald H.Mc Burney, Research Methods, Library of Congress Cataloging-in-

Publication, 2003

�� John W.Creswell, Research Design Qualitative & Quantitative Approaches, ,

London : SAGE Publication 1994.

�� Tim May, Social Research Issues, Methods and Process, Buckingham, :c Open

University Press, 2001

�� Das . M N, N C Giri, Design and Analysis of Experiments, New Delhi :New

Age International (p) Limited, Publishers, 1986

�� Tony Brown & Liz Jones, Action Research and Postmodernism, Buckingam,

Open University Press, 2001

�� William M.K. Research Methods (Second Edition), New Delhi, Atomic

Publishing, 2003

�� Ernest T.Stringer, Action Research, A Handbook for Practitioners, London :

SAGE Publications, 1996

� Pertti Alasuutari, Researching Culture – qualitative Methods and Cultural

Studies, London : SAGE Publication, 1995

� Kundra S., Reporting Methods, New Delhi : Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd.,

2005.

�� Judith Green & John Browne, Principles of Social Research, New Delhi, Tata

McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, 2006.

�� Shajahan .S., Research Methodology for Management, Mumbai, Jaico

Publishing House, 2006.

�� Sarma, R.P and Rabi N.Misra, Research Methdology and Analysis, New Delhi:

Discovery Publishing House, 2006.

�� Earl Babbie, The Practice of Social Research, Chennai : Micro Print Pvt., Ltd.,

2004.

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APPLIED STATISTICS IN RESEARCH

Credit 4 Max Marks : 100 Contact hours : 64 [CFA-50, ESE-50] OBJECTIVES

�� To develop skill in applying statistical methods and techniques in research.

�� To develop skill in analyzing data using different statistical techniques.

�� To enable the students to choose appropriate techniques and draw valid inferences.

UNIT 1 Statistics and its application in research. Levels of measurement, sources of data,

Organization and classification of data, Formation of frequency distribution, Diagrammatic

an graphical presentation of data.

UNIT 2 Sampling and Census, Census Vs Sampling, Characteristics of a good sample,

sampling frame and sample size, sampling methods: Probability and non-probability

samples, sampling and non-sampling errors.

UNIT 3 Descriptive Statistics – Measures of central tendency, Dispersion measures,

skewness, kurtosis measures, Measures of association/relationship – Coefficient of

correlation, coefficient of determination, Pearson, coefficient of contingency, Regression

analysis.

UNIT 4 Multivariate analysis: Multiple correlation and regression, partial correlation

and partial regression, Analysis of variance (ANOVA): Meaning and concepts, Factor

analysis, Cluster analysis, path analysis, discriminate function analysis (DFA), and

Logistic Regression Analysis.

UNIT 5 Inferential statistics – Testing of hypothesis, basic concepts; null and research

hypothesis – concept of standard error, one tailed and two tailed tests. Parametric and non-

parametric tests and their merits and demerits, students ‘t’ test and ‘z’ test, ‘F’ test, Chi-

square test, Run test and Rank test.

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REFERENCE BOOKS:

�� Blalock, H.J. Social Statistics, New York: McGraw Hill, 1960

�� Cochran, V.G., Sampling Techniques, John Willey, New York, 1963.

�� Edwards, A.L. Statistical Methods for the Behavioural Sciences, New York:

Rinchar & Co., 1954.

�� Edwards, A.L., Statistical Methods for the Behavioural Sciences, Rinchar & Co.,

New York, 1954.

�� Fox, A.A., Methods of Correlation and Regressin, New York: Rinchart and

Winston, 1966.

�� Garrett, H.E., Statistics in Psychology and Education, Bombay: Vakels, Feffer and

Simons Ltd., 1981.

�� Gupta S.C., Fundamentals of Statistics, Mumbai : Himalaya Publishing House,

2006.

� John Castellan N., Jr. Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioural Sciences,

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data, 1988.

� Rajamanickam M. , Statistical Methods in Psychological and Educational

Research, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi, 2001.

�� Siegel, Sidney, Non-Parametric Statistics for Behavioural Sciences, McGraw Hill,

New Delhi, 1986.

�� Sinha B.L., Statistics in Psychology and Education, Anmol Publications pvt. Ltd,

New Delhi, 2006

�� Walker, H.M. and Leo.J., Statistical Inference, Holt Binehart, New York, 1980.

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DIMENSIONS OF DEVELOPMENT Credit 4 Max. Marks: 100 Contact hours: 64 [CFA-50, ESE-50] OBJECTIVES

�� To familiarize the students with the concept of development and development

planning

�� To expose the students about the issues of development; and

�� To acquire expertise in evolving strategies for development

UNIT 1: Development and growth: Meaning and Concepts of development and growth –

Determinants of developments – Development strategies – Criteria for development and

causes of under development – New Economic Policy – Millennium Development Goals:

Development indicators.

UNIT 2: Development Planning : Planning – definition – fundamentals of developmental

planning. Types of planning – objectives of planning in India –- Five Year Plans –

Strategies of planning –Infrastructural facilities and expertise for planning.

Unit 3: Millennium Development Goals – Issues related to Poverty, Unemployment,

Education, Maternal and child health. Gender issues – Empowerment of Rural Women.

Environmental issues in development. Sustainable development – strategies, community

intervention .

UNIT 4: Research and Development – Research as the basis for development – types of

research and their application in development. Inter-disciplinary development research,

participatory and action researches – Its importance in development. Preparation of trained

man-power for undertaking developmental projects. Human Resource Development &

Management - decision making process – Social Audit.

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Unit 5: Globalisation: its impact on Industry and Employment –National Policies and

movements for development, Contribution of Science and Technology and role of NGO in

Development. Relevance of Gandhian approaches to development.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

�� Ashok Mathur and P.S.Raikhy, (Ed) Economic Liberalisation and its implications

for Employment, New Delhi: Deep & Deep Publicatins, 2002.

�� Bagchi,K.K., Agrarai, Crisis, Farmer’s Suicides and Livelihood Security of Rural

Labour in India, Delhi: Abijeet Publication, 2008

�� Balakrishnan. A (Ed.), Impact of Globalization and Retaining Strategies for

Labour and Employment, Delhi: Kalpaz Publications, 2007.

�� Benny Joseph, Environmental Studies, New Delhi : Tata McGraw-Hill, 2005.

�� David Burningham and John Davies, Environmental Economics, Chennai : Rain

Tree,2005.

�� Misra.S.K. and Puri.V.K., Economics of Development and Planning (theory and

Practice) Delhi : Himalaya Publishing House, 2000.

�� Prasad and Rajanikanth, Rural Development and Social Change, New Delhi:

Discovery Publications, 2006

� Sankaran.S. Indian Economy, Chennai : Maragatham, 2005.

� Subramanian R., Rural Development, New Delhi: Yatan Publications, 1988

�� Sudhir M.A.and A.Balakrishnan, Employment Empowerment of Rural Women

Labour Force, New Delhi: Anmol Publications, 2002

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ELECTIVE COURSE : DEMOGRAPHY AND DEVELOPMENT

Credit 4 Max Marks : 100 Contact hours : 64 [CFA-50, ESE-50] OBJECTIVES

�� To familiarize the students with demographic concepts relevant for development �� To make the students understand the linkages between population and

development. �� To equip the students with the skills to undertake demographic research.

UNIT 1 Demographic concepts : Demography as a field of study – Population – size,

composition and distribution – Population Census and its interpretation – Annual

registration of births and deaths – Population projects. A short history of demography –

Kinds and resources of data.

UNIT 2 Theories of population growth – Natural law – Malthus – sadler’s theory –

Thomas Double Day – Corrado Gini – Social Theories: Henry George – Arsene – Dumont

– Carrsaunders optimum theory of population – Karl Marx – Demographic transition

theory.

UNIT 3 Demographic Measures: Population change and its components – Ratio,

proportions, percents, rates – Crude birth rate and crude death rate – Natural increase and

rate of natural increase of population and other relevant measures.

UNIT 4 Major demographic processes: Fertility – Vital events – with reference to India -

Fertility and Fecundity – Measures of Natality – size of family and replacement

population – Factors affecting fertility – Linkages between fertility and development –

Demographic aspects of mortality: CDR-Age specific mortality rates – significance of

infant mortality trends in India and development countries causes death – causes of infant

deaths. Marriage – Age at marriage – age and its influence on fertility in India – Migration

– Determinants of migration.

UNIT 5 Trends in Population Growth and Population Policy and programmes: World

population trend – Population growth in under developed and developed regions –

population growth, trends and differential in India – Factors responsible for population

growth. Population Policy and programmes in India – National population policy 2000.

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REFERENCE BOOKS:

�� Anrudh Jain, Do Population Policies Matter, New York, Population Council, 1998.

�� Arthur Haupt and Thomas T.Kane, Population Handbook, Washington, DC,

�� George W.Barclay, Techniques of Population Analysis, New York : John Wiley &

Sons Inc.,1958.

�� Joseph A. McFalls, Jr., Population : A Lively Introduction, Washington,

�� Mahadevan, K, Infant and Childhood Mortality in India, Delhi : Mittal

Publications,

�� Pathak, Ram.F., Techniques of Demographic Analysis, Bombay : Himalaya

Publishing House, 1992

�� Peter R.Cox, Demography, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

� Pollard, A.H., Farhat Yusuf, Pollard, G.N., Demographic Techniques, Hong Kong,

Pergamon Press, 1983.

� Srivastava, S.C., Studies in Demography, New Delhi: Anmol Publications Pvt.

Ltd., 2004.

�� Zdenek Pavilk, Position of Demography among other Disciplines, Prague, 2000

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ELECTIVE COURSE: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Credit 4 Max Marks : 100 Contact hours : 64 [CFA-50, ESE-50]

OBJECTIVES

�� To create an awareness among the students regarding the environment and its allied problems.

�� To understand the relationship between environment and development. �� To familiarize the learners with the methods and strategies for the preservation and

protection of the environment.

UNIT 1: Environment – understanding environment – concept and definition of

environment – nature of eco system, bio diversity. Man and environment relationship.

Indian environment - Land, water, forest, habitat, energy and living resources. Agencies

for protection – formal agencies – educational institutions, special centres, wild – life

sanctuaries, museum, parks etc., role of community and NGOs. Department of

Environment, National Committee on Environmental Planning (NCEP), Centre for Science

and Environment.

UNIT 2: Environmental Problems and Issues – degradation: deforestation and soil

erosion; extinction of flora and fauna; environmental pollution: land, air, water, chemical

and noise – environmental awareness and management – conservation, protection and

restoration of environment.

UNIT 3: Environmental education – need and importance of environmental education –

aims, objectives and guiding principles of environmental education, scope of

environmental education, centre for environmental education.

UNIT 4: Strategies for environmental protection – environmental related legislation on

water pollution, air pollution, radiation, pesticides: wild life act, fisheries conservation and

fisheries act. State enactments, peoples movement – organizing workshops, seminars

debates, discussions, campaigns, etc., - conducting case studies, exhibition, fairs, etc., -

Use of mass media – news papers – films, radio, television, etc.

UNIT 5: Environmental research and development – nature of research on environmental

issues, interdisciplinary studies, environmental surveys, promoting research in

environmental problems, environmental impacts assessment – status of environment

studies in India – trends and issues, preservation of environment for sustainable

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development; need for environmental information services and National policies and

environment.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

�� Sudhir M.A. M.Alankara Masillamani, Environmental Issues, Reliance Publishing

House, New Delhi, 2003

�� Benny Joseph, Environmental Studies, Tata McGrew-Hill Publishing Company

Ltd, New Delhi, 2005

�� Manmahan Singh Gill, Jasleen Kewlani, Environmetnal Conscience Socio-Legal

and Judicial Paradigm, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi, 2009

�� Saxena H.M., Environmental Studies, Rawat Publications, Jaipur, 2006

�� David Burningham & John Davies, Environmetnal Economics (Third Edition),

Heinemann Educational Publishers, New Delhi, 2005

�� Ghosh S.B., Scientific Approach to Environment, Ritu Publications, Jaipur, 2009

�� Perumal M., R.Veerasekaran, M.Suresh, M.Asaithambi, Environmental and

Ecological Issues in India, Abhijeet Publications, Delhi, 2008

� Pandian K.L., Global Environmental Problems, ALP Books, New Delhi, 2009

� Singh S.K., Seema Singh, Environmental Education and Pollution Control, Arish

Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 2008

�� Pruthi R.K. Towards Sustainable Development, Rajat Publications, New Delhi,

2005.

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ELECTIVE COURSE: APPLIED GERONTOLOGY Credit 4 Max. Marks: 100 Contact hours: 64 [CFA-50, ESE-50] OBJECTIVES

�� To create knowledge and awareness of ageing and its psycho social manifestations. �� To inculcate necessary skills to handle a variety of service and welfare needs of the

elderly; and �� To foster capability to pursue research and advanced training in psychosocial

gerontology. UNIT 1: Gerontology as a field of study, concept, methods and scope. Human ageing –

life expectancy and life span, classification of aged population. Theories of ageing –

biological, psychological, psycho-social of theories – Erikson, Buhler and Jungs theory,

Levinson’s theory.

Social theories – Role theory, Activity Theory, Disengagement Theory. Indian Theory of

Ashrama Dharmas.

UNIT 2: Old Age – Characteristics, developmental tasks, physical changes and

psychological changes, retirement, singleness, adjustment, loneliness, depression.

Social aspects of ageing, generation gap, aged and youth, age as a determinant of status,

attitude towards ageing; Aged as minority, elderly abuse. Study of special groups –

problems of aged in rural India, Tribal Aged, destitute aged, disabled aged.

UNIT 3: Care and Welfare needs of aged – physical and health care needs, psychological,

social and economic needs, self care, family and community intervention. National Policy

for Older Persons (NPOP), Longevity in life.

Factors determining successful surviourship and correlates of happy ageing.

UNIT 4: Services for the elderly: Financial assistance, old age pension, travel concessions.

Psychological services – counselling services, group interaction, psychotherapy. Health

services – geriatric clinic and wards, mobile medical services.

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Legal services - Constitutional and legal provisions for the protection of elderly.

Institutional services – Old age Homes, day care centres, help line services.

Role of non-governmental organizations and Governmental agencies. Housing,

transportation and recreational services – senior citizen clubs, old age inn, leisure time

activities, education of the aged.

UNIT 5: Research in Gerontology – nature and scope, methodological issues of research

on ageing, cohort and life span studies, cross sectional and longitudinal studies, role of

universities and national institutions in promoting gerontological research, trends of

research on ageing in India, need for interventional and policy research, population ageing

in developed and developing countries.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Behura N.K. and R.P Mohanthy, Ageing in Changing Social System- Their

Problems – New Delhi Discovery Publishers House; 2005

2. Ishwar Modi; Ageing Human Development. New Delhi, Rawat publications; 2001

3. John W Santrock; Life Span Development. NewYork. The McGraw- Hill

Companies; 1999

4. Malcom L.Johnson; The Cambridge Handbook of Age and Ageing, New York,

Cambridge University Press; 2005.

5. Murali Desai and Siva Raju; Gerontological Social Work in India- Some Issues and

Perspectives. Delhi, B.R Publishing Corporation;1999

6. Nancy R.Hooyman and H.Asuman Kiyak; Social Gerontology- A Multidisciplinary

Perspective – Massachusetts, Allyn and Bacon;1991

7. Phoebe S Liebig and Irudaya Rajan, An Aging India: Perspectives, Prospects and

Policies Jaipur, Rawat Publication; 2005

8. Rajagopal Dhar Chakraborti; The Greying India, New Delhi, Sage Publications ;

2004

9. Sathi P.N.; Needs and problems of Aged, New Delhi, Himanush Publications;

1996

10. Sudhir M.A, Ageing in Rural India: Perspective and prospectus. Delhi, Indian

Publishers Distribution; 2005.

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ELECTIVE COURS : SOCIAL WORK INTERVENTIONS

Credit: 4 Maximum Marks : 100 Contact hours: 64 [CFA-50, ESE-50] Unit-1 Evolution of Social Work Profession-Impact of Social Reform Movements: Social

work profession, Philosophy and Principles of Social Work and their application. System

Approach to Social Work Practice; Role of Social Work in the Remedial, Preventive and

Developmental Models. Integrated Approach to Social Work Practice, Social Work

Education in India. Intervention in Social Problems – Government and Voluntary Efforts at

Micro and Macro-levels.

Unit II Case work- objectives, Principles, Process. Approaches in Case work-

Psychoanalytical, Psycho-social, Problem Solving, Behaviour Modification, Crisis

Intervention, Eclectic Approach.

Group work- Assumptions, and Goals of Group Work. Principles, Skills, Values of Social

Group Work and Group Process. Leadership, Approaches and Models in Group Work

Practice - Therapeutic/Social Treatment. Development Group and Task -oriented Group.

Unit-III Community Organization - Principles and Objectives, Approaches and Strategies

and Role of Social Worker. Social Action, - Purpose and Techniques. Networking ,

Conscientisation and Strategies of social movements – Types and Roles of NGOs

Social Work Research - Scope and Dimension, Types - Emancipatory, gender based,

intervention and empowerment

Unit-IV Evolution of Social Policy in India; Review of Major Policies and Programmes,

viz., Education, Health, Shelter, Environment, social Security, Employment, Family,

Child, Women and Youth Welfare, welfare of the Weaker Sections, Elderly and Disabled.

Characteristics of Social Welfare Organizations – Size, Nature, Design, Legal Status – Identifying overall and Specific Needs, Monitoring and Evaluation, Recording and Accountability.

Unit- V Issues of Social Justice – Its relationship with Social Legislation; Civil Rights; Human Rights. Legislations pertaining to Women and Children, Social Defence, Social Security and people with Disability, the Underprivileged and Health related Legislations. Social Development Indicators, Approaches and Strategies – Quality of Life. Concept of

Sustainable Development. Agencies promoting social Development in India.

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REFERENCE BOOKS:

�� Misra P D, “Social Work - Philosophy and Methods”, Inter-India Publications,

New Delhi, 1994.

�� Banks,S., “Ethics and values in social work”, Practical social work series, London,

Macmillan press Ltd. 1995.

�� Desai, M., “Curriculum Development on History of Ideologies for Social Change

and social work”, Mumbai, Social work Education and Practice Cell, 2000.

�� Diwakar,V.D, “Social Reform Movements in India-A Historical Perspective”,

Bombay, Popular Prakashan, 1991. ..

�� Jha Jainedra Kumar, “Practice of Social Work”, New Delhi, Anmol Publications

Pvt, Ltd. 2002.

�� Lena Dominelli, “Social work”, USA , Polity press, 2004.

�� Pincus, Allen and Anne, “Social work practice: Model & method”, Minaham

Illinois, Peacock Publishers, 1978.

� Mc Mohan Maria O’neel, “A General Method of Social Work Practice”,

.Massachusetts, Allyn & Bacon, 1996.

� Patel Chhaya, “Social Work Practice, Religion Philosophical Foundation”, Jaipur,

Rawat Publication, 1999.

�� Payne Malcom, “Modern Social Work Theory: A Criminal Introduction”, London,

MacMillan Education LTD, 1991.

�� Reamer,F.G, “Social Work Values and Ethics”, New York, Columbia University

Press, 1995.

�� Subheden, “Field Work Training in Social Work”, Jaipur, Rawat publication, 2001.

�� Tata Institute of Social Science, “Field works Manual for First year Social Work”,

Mumbai, TISS, 2000.

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ELECTIVE COURSE: MANPOWER RESEARCH

Credit: 4 Maximum Marks : 100 Contact hours: 64 [CFA-50, ESE-50]

Unit – 1

Human factor in Industry: People – Machine Environment system – Vocational Guidance

– Motivation of Employees and Need Satisfaction Approach – Motivation – arts of

Motivation – How can people be motivated? – Systems approach to Motivation – Morale

and Productivity – Measures to win employees Moral – Measures to build up Morale.

Unit – 2 Planning/Selection of Personnel : Human Resource Planning – system approach to Human

Resource Planning – Job Analysis – Job Description – Job specification – recruitment –

scientific selection - managerial recruitment and selection – induction.

Unit – 3 Training and Development of Employees: Management of Employees Development – its

importance – Nature of Development and Role of management in Employees – its

importance – Major methods of training – promotion policy – performance appraisal – new

approach to performance appraisal (M.B.O.) – key features of M.B.O.

Unit – 4

Personnel Problems: Factors Determining conditions of work environment – physical

factors – mental and social environment – industrial fatigue – labour absenteeism – labour

turnover – factory work and human relationship – job design and human factors – labour

unrest – labour disputes - conciliation and arbitration – Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 –

Evolution of Legal Measures for Settlement of Disputes – National Labour Commission

1969 – Industrial Discipline – Features of Code of Discipline – Industrial Relations – its

Areas – measures to secure better industrial relations.

Unit – 5 Workers Participation in Management: Meaning and Need of participation – forms of

participation – consultative supervision – Democratic supervision – multiple management

– labour management cooperation – joint management councils – suggestion programme –

Labour management association – the new scheme of participation – its limitations – role

of collective bargaining – main features of collective bargaining – labour legislation and

collective bargaining.

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REFERENCES:

1. Shelerkar S.A., “Modern Business Organization and Management”, Himalaya

Publishing House, Bombay, 2010.

2. Memoria C.B., “Personnel Management”, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay,

2019.

3. Tripathi P.C., “Personnel Management and Industrial Relations”, S.C.Chand & Co.

New Delhi, 1998.

4. Michael V.P., “Human Resources Management and Human Relation”, Himalaya


5. Punekar, Devdhar & Sankaran, “Labour Welfare, Trade Unionism and Industrial

Relations”, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay, 1999.

6. Kangoe V.V., “Human Resource Management”, Ashish Publishing House, New

Delhi, 1998.

7. Rolf P. Lynton, “Training and Development”, Sage Publiscation, New Delhi, 1989.

8. Nancy M. Dixon., “Evaluation: A Tool for improving HRD Quality”, S.Chand &

Co., New Delhi, 1995.

9. Devendra Thakur, “Education and Manpower Planning”, Deep and Deep Book

Publishers, New Delhi, 1992.

10. Arya & Tandon, “Human Resource Development”, Deep and Deep Book


11. Chandhary N.R., “Industrial Moral and Productivity”, Deep and Deep Book


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DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED RESEARCH M.Phil. Programme

[Micro Level Planning/Development Sociology/Development Administration/Economics/Food Science and Nutrition]

METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH AND STATISTICAL APPLICATIONS

Credit: 4 Max. Marks : 100 Contact hours: 64 [CFA-50, ESE-50]

OBJECTIVES: To develop expertise and skill to undertake independent research in the area of

specialization.

Unit 1: Scientific basis of research – methods of acquiring knowledge - Inductive and

Deductive Reasoning, scientific method and its applications.

Need for conceptual analysis, selection of a problem for Research, survey of literature,

formulation of Hypotheses, nature and types of variables, problem-solving and

developmental research.

Unit 2: Research Design and Methods: Purpose and dimensions of research design, steps

in formulation of a design.

Types of research design – Historical, Descriptive, Experimental – true experimental,

quasi experimental and exposit facto designs. Field surveys, diagnostic and evaluation

research.

Qualitative and quantitative methods in research, Need and relevance of Inter

disciplinary research.

Unit 3 : Data – Population and samaple, Probability and non-probability sampling

techniques, requisites of a Good sample, sampling distribution and sampling errors.

Tools and techniques of data collection– Observation, interview, Inquiry Forms,

Psychological tests, Projective techniques, rating scales, Likert and Thurstone, Guttman

type scales. Sociometry, Focus Group discussion, PRA, Psychodrama and Sociodrama.

Organisation of field work for data collection. Validity, reliability and feasibility.

Unit 4 : Analysis of Data – Categorisation, presentation of data and Frequency

distributions.

Descriptive statistics – Central measures, Dispersion measures, Skewness and kurtosis.

Correlation and regression analysis, Analysis of attributes, Analysis of Time – series,

Index Numbers and Trend analysis.

20

Unit 5: Inferential Statistics:

Testing of hypothesis, basic in hypothesis testing; concept of Sampling distribution and

Standard Error; Type I and Type II errors, large sample and small sample tests.

Tests of significance for attributes.

Non-parametric tests – Chi-square test, Run test and Median test.

Multi variate analysis – Multiple correlation and Multiple regression.

Analysis of variance and Factor analysis.

Structure and qualities of a Research Report, Dissemination of research findings,

Evaluation of Research Report.

REFERENCES:

1. Arunkumarsingh, Tests, Measurements and Research Methods in Behavioural

Sciences, New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill, 1986.

2. Britaha Mikkelson, Methods for Development work and Research and a Guide for

practitioners. New Delhi : Sage Publications, 1995.

3. N.Kerlinger : Foundations of Behavioural Research, Delhi : Surjeet Publications,

1983.

4. R.S.Dwivedi : Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences Delhi : Macmillan, 1997.

5. Kuttan Mahadeven and Parameswara Krishnan, Methodology for Population

Studies and Development. New Delhi : Sage Publications, 1993.

6. Blalock, Hubert M. Social Statistics London : McGraw Hill, 1981.

7. H.E.Garett: Statistics in Psychology and Education, Bombay : Vakils, Feffer and

Simons, 1981.

8. Gerald Hursh – Cesar and Prodipto Roy, Third World Surveys: Survey Research in

Developing Nations, Delhi : Macmillan, 1976.

9. Runyon, R.Petal, Fundamentals of Behavioural Statistics, New Delhi : McGraw

Hill, 1996.

10. Dooley, David, Social Research Methods, New Delhi : Prentice Hall, 1996.

11. Y.P.Aggarwal : Statisttical Methods: Concepts, Applications and Computations,

New Delhi: Sterling Publishing Company, 1988.

12. H.M.Walker and J.Lev, Statistical Interference, New York : Holt, Rinchart, 1980.

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21

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED RESEARCH P.G. Programme

[M.A.Sociology/Human Resource & Conflict Management/Rural Development/M.Sc.Home Science/Food Science and Nutrition/Dairy Science]

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Credit: 4 Max.Marks: 100 Contact hours: 64 (ESE 60, CFA : 40)

OBJECTIVES:

To familiarize the students with different methods and techniques of scientific research,

help them to formulate designs for undertaking research projects and to prepare the

research reports and disseminate the findings.

Unit 1:

Scientific Research – Principles – characteristics and functions of research, scientific

method, steps in research.

Types of research: Pure, Applied and Action Research, Qualitative and Quantitative

studies. Research aptitude and research skills Research ethics.

Unit 2: Research process – Formulation of a Research problem, Criterion for selection of a topic,

statement of the problem and definition of terms, objectives review of literature. Variables

– independent and dependent.

Hypotheses – characteristics and functions – preparation of research design.

Unit 3: Methods of Research – Exploratory, descriptive and experimental designs, surveys,

content analysis, case study, intervention and interdisciplinary studies.

Unit 4: Data Collection, sources, acquisition and interpretation of data – Data base - conduct of

Interview, participant and non-participant, observation, inquiry forms. Rating and attitude

scale, psychological test – projective techniques – sociometry, pre test reliability and

validity.

Unit 5: Report writing – Research Report – Thesis writing, its characteristics and format - types of

reports - Reference materials, quotations, bibliography, footnotes, glossary and appendix –

Thesis evaluation, open defense. Documentation of research findings and its utility for

policies, programme and innovation.

22

TEXT BOOKS:

�� Bandarkar and Wilkinson, Methods and techniques of Social Research,

Bombay: Himalaya Publishing Co., 2006.

�� Donald H.McBurney, Research Methods, New Delhi : Library of Congress

Cataloging-in-Publication, 2003

�� Goode and Hatt, Methods in Social Research, New Delhi : McGraw Hill, 2002.

�� Kerlinger, F.N., Foundations of Behavioural Research, New Delhi : Surjeet

Publications, 1978

�� Kothari C.R, Research Methodology, New Delhi: Vishva Prakashan, 2001.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

�� Das.M.N. & N C Giri, Design and Analysis of Experiments, New Delhi, New

Age International Publishers,1986.

�� Ian Dey, Qualitative Data Analysis (A user-friendly guide for social

scientists), London : Sage Publications,1993.

�� John.W.Creswell, Research Design Qualitative and quantitative Approaches,

Sage Publication, New Delhi.1994.

�� Tim May, Social Research Issues, Methods and Process, Open University Press,

Buckingham, 2001

�� Tony Brown & Liz Jones, Action Research and Postmodernism, Open

University Press, Buckingam, 2001

�� William M.K., Research Methods, New Delhi: Atomic Publishing, 2003.

�� Young, P.V.Scientific Social Surveys and Research, Practice Hall, New Delhi,

1994.

*****

23

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED RESEARCH P.G. Programme

[M.A.Sociology/Human Resource & Conflict Management/Economics/Rural Development/M.Sc.Home Science/Food Science and Nutrition/Dairy Science]

APPLIED STATISTICS

Credit: 4 Max.Marks: 100 Contact hours: 64 (ESE 60, CFA : 40) OBJECTIVES: This course is designed for applying statistical methods and techniques in research.

It enables the students to apply statistical tools for analysis and interpretation of data.

Unit: 1 Statistics: Definition, scope, functions and limitations, Statistical organizations and set up

in India with special reference to Tamilnadu

Unit :2 Sampling Techniques: Census Vs sampling, characteristics of a good sample, sampling

size and sampling error.

Probability samples – simple random, stratified random, systematic cluster, multi stage

sampling.

Non-probability samples – accidental, purposive, judgement, convenient, volunteer, snow

ball sampling.

Probability and distributions – Binomial, Poisson and Normal distribution

Unit: 3 Sources and types of data, Coding and classification, Tabulation and presentation of data –

Frequency distribution, Diagrammatic and Graphical presentation – Statistical application

of Central Measures and Measures of Dispersion

Unit: 4 Correlation and regression: Methods of correlation, scatter diagram, correlation

coefficient, Regression equation and regression lines, Measures of association

Unit : 5 Tests of Hypothesis: Distribution and standard error – Type I and Type II errors, tests of

significance – large and small sample test for difference between means and proportions

Non-parametric tests – Chi-square test and goodness of it and its uses; Run test, Median

test.

24

Text Books:

�� Agarwal. Y.P. Statistical Methods, New Delhi: Sultan Chand & Sons, 1996.

�� Gupta, S.P., & Gupta. M.P., Business Statistics, Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi,

2006

�� Hawley, Warren, Foundations of Statistics, New York: Saunders College

Publishing, 1996.

�� Hooda.R.P, Statistics for Business and Economics, New Delhi, Macmillan 2003.

�� Kothari C.R. Quantitative Techniques, New Delhi, Vikas Publishing House, 1998.

Reference Books:

�� Blalock, H.N., Social Statistics, New York, : McGraw Hill, 1960.

�� Cochran, V.G., Sampling Techniques, New York : John Willey, 1963.

�� Edwards, A.L., Statistical Methods for the Behavioural Sciences, New York :

Rinchar & Co., 1954.

�� Fox, A.A., Methods of Correlation and Regression, New York : Rinchart and

Winston, 1966.

�� Gupta, S.C. Fundamentals of Statistics, Mumbai, Himalaya Publishing House,

2006.

�� John Castellan, N. Jr. Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioural Sciences, New

Delhi : Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication, 1988.

�� Rajamanickam M., Statistical Methods in Psychological and Educational Research,

New Delhi, Concept Publishing Company, 2001.

� Siegel, Sidney, Non-Parametric Statistics for Behavioural Sciences, New Delhi,

McGraw Hill, 2006.

� Sinha B.L., Statistics in Psychology and Education, New Delhi, Anmol

Publications,2006.

�� Walker, H.M. and Leo. J., Statistical Inference, New York : Holt Binehart, 1980.

_ _ _ _

25

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED RESEARCH M.B.A.Programme

[Small Business Management, Cooperative Management, Rural Project Management & Rural Industries & Management]

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Credit: 4 Max.Marks: 100 Contact hours: 64 (ESE 60, CFA : 40) OBJECTIVES On successful completion of this course, the students will able to:

� Have the basic understanding of the research methodology � Have an insight into the application of modern analytical tools and

techniques for management decision making.

Unit 1: Introduction: Research – Nature and scope – definition - objectives-types-

Research Ethics, Research skills.

Research Process- Identifying and prioritizing problems - theoretical framework – review

of literature, variables -its types and measurement of variables – Hypothesis – formulation

and testing.

Unit 2: Research design: Types- Explorative; Experimental, descriptive, participatory,

Cross sectional and longitudinal studies - Case study and survey methods.

Unit 3: Data collection: Sampling and non-sampling techniques - Data collection

methods – interview, schedule, Questionnaire, and observation. Online research methods,

rating and attitude scales, psychological tests, projective techniques. Validity and

reliability of scales, stability measures.

Research Report - Components and format of research report - Reference materials,

quotations, bibliography, footnotes, glossary and appendix, dissemination of findings.

Unit 4: Descriptive Statistics: Measures of central tendency, dispersion, skewness and kurtosis – Correlation of Analysis,

Association of attributes Multiple regression and correlation analysis, Factor analysis;

ANOVA for one-way, and two way classification; SPSS and its uses.

Unit 5: Inferential Statistics: Basic concepts and Hypothesis testing and Estimation; Steps in hypothesis testing.

Parametric tests: tests of Attributes, Tests of Large samples, Tests of small samples.

Non-parametric tests: Chi-square test, Run test, median test, Mann-Whitney test,

Kolmozorov-Smirnov test, rank test.

26

Text Books:

�� Beri G.C., Marketing Research, New Delhi :Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, 2000

�� Donald R.Cooper, Business Research Methods, New Delhi : McGrew-Hill International Editions, 1998

�� Gupta S.P.& M.P.Gupta, Business Statistics, New Delhi:Sultan Chand & Sons, 2006

�� Hooda R.P., Statistics for Business and Economics, New Delhi Macmillan Ltd., 2003

�� Shajahan Dr. S., Research Methods for Management (Text and Cases), New Delhi : Jaico Publishing House, 2006.

Reference Books:

�� Donald H.Mc Burney, Research Methods, Singapore : Thomson Asia Pvt. Ltd.,

2002.

�� Donald R Cooper and Ramela S. Schindler, Business Research Methods, Tata

McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2000.

�� Kothari C.R, Research Methodology, Wishva Prakashan, New Delhi, 2001.

�� Krishnaswamy O.R, Methodology of Research in Social Sciences, Himalaya


�� Michael S.Lewis-Beck, Basic Statistics, SAGE Publications, London, 1993

�� Murray R.Spiegel Larry J.Stephens, Statistics – third edition, Tata McGrew-Hill

Publishing Company ltd, New Delhi, 2000

�� Ranjith Kumar, Research Methodology, Sage Publications, New Delhi,

� Raymond-Alain, et.ala, Doing Management Research, Sage Publications, London,

1999.

� Runyon R.P, Audrey Haber, D.J.Pittenger, K.A.Coleman, Fundamentals of

Behavioral Statistics, Eighth edition, McGraw-Hill Companies, New Yark, 1996

�� Saxena H.C. Surendran P.U. Statistical Inference, S.Chand & Company LTD, New

Delhi, 1994

�� Ticehurst G.W. and A.J.Veal, Business Research Methods, Longman

�� Uma Sekaran, Research Methods for Business, John Wiley and Sons lnc., New

York, 2000.

27

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED RESEARCH PG Programme

(Inter – Departmental Elective)

INTRODUCTION TO LABOUR STUDIES Credit: 4 Max.Marks: 100 Contact hours: 64 (ESE 60, CFA : 40) Objectives:

• To inculcate awareness in studying the labour problems and labour issues • To impact the labour laws and labour welfare programmes

Unit 1: Labour – Concepts , characteristics and types-Labour theories- Labour market –

characteristics – issues in Indian Labour Market-Human Mobility and theory of migration

and its socio-economic implications.

Unit 2: Problems of Labour: working environment in factories – Labour in unorganized

sector-examples from brick, construction workers, mines and plantations workers –

Industrial relations.

Wages-concepts-Methods of wage payment-wage differentials-wage determinants in India.

Unit 3: Labour of special Groups: Agricultural labour: Trends and growth-Characteristics-

Problems and remedial measures.

Woman labour in organised and unorganised sectors: Extent of employment of women

labour, working conditions-wages and earnings –women’s problems-Laws relating to

women-labour in various sectors.

Child Labour: Extent of child labour, working conditions-wages-special legislation

protection measures on child labour.

Unit 4: Labour legislations: Growth of labour legislation in India. Labour laws: The

industrial Dispute act, 1947, the trade union act, 1926, the factories Act, 1948. The

Minimum wages act, 1948. The payment of wages act, 1936. The workmen’s

compensation act, 1923 and the Contract labour Act, 1970 and recent labour reforms.

Unit 5: Labour welfare and Trade union: Concept of labour welfare, significance of labour

welfare-principles of labour welfare programmes.

ILO and Trade Unions-role and functions-problems of trade union in India Labour

movements. Labour unrest-Impact of Globalisation on labour and employment.

TEXT BOOKS 1. Gaur G.L.Trade unionism and Industrial Relations. New Delhi: Deep and Deep

publications, 1986. 2. Mehrotra S.N. Labour problems in India. New Delhi: Chand and company, 1981. 3. Reshma Arora, Labour Law, Delhi: Himalaya Publishing House, 2000.

28

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED RESEARCH U.G. Programme

(B.Com/BBA/B.Tech./B.A. [Gandhian Social Work]

Course: Research Methods and Statistics Credit: 4 Max.Marks: 100 Contact hours: 64 (ESE 60, CFA : 40) Objectives: The Course is designed to

• understand the basics of research • understand the method and procedures of research • acquire basic knowledge in data analysis and apply it for data analysis • develop abilities for formulating and conducting a project

Unit 1: Research – Meaning, scope and importance and types of research. Steps in research –

identification and selection of a problem for research – Need for review and its sources.

Unit 2:

Statement of the research problem, objectives, hypothesis, research design, methods of

research – experimental, and descriptive studies, case study, market survey – field and

participatory research.

Unit 3:

Data Collection in research – sources of data – primary and secondary sources. Choice of

tools and techniques – observation, interview, schedules, questionnaire and check list

Research Report – salient features of a good research report – Format of a report,

guidelines in preparation, reference materials.

Unit 4:

Universe and sample: Census and sample survey - sampling techniques.

Processing of Data – scoring, coding, classification and tabulation of data, frequency

distribution, diagrammatic and graphical presentation – bar diagrams, histogram, frequency

curve.

Unit 5:

Data analysis – qualitative and quantitative analysis, descriptive statistics - Correlation and

regression analysis – t – test, ANOVA, Chi-square test, SPSS in data analysis.

29

TEXT BOOKS:

�� S.C.Gupta, Fundamentals of Statistics, Mumbai : Himalaya Publishing House,

2006.

�� Hans Raj, Theory and Practice in Social Research, Delhi, Surjeet

Publications,2002

�� Krishnaswami.O.R., & M.Ranganatham, Methodology of Research in Social

Sciences, Mumbai : Himalaya Publishing House, 2005

�� Manoharan.M., Statistical Methods, Palani : Paramount Publishers, 1997

�� Nakkiran. S and Selvaraju. R., Research Methods in Social Sciences, Mumbai

Himalaya Publishing House, 2001.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

�� Basotia. G.R., Sharma. K.K., Research Methodology, Jaipur (India) : Mangal Deep

Publications, 1999.

�� Gosh, B.N. Scientific Methods and Social Research, New Delhi Sterling

Publishers, 1997.

�� Kothari C.R., Research Methodology, New Delhi : Vishva Prakashan, 2001.

�� Medhi.J., Statistical Methods an Introductory text, New Age International (p) Ltd,

New Delhi, 1992.

�� Michael S.Lewis-Beck, Basic Statistics, SAGE Publications, London, 1993

�� Sadhu A.N. and Singh, A. Research Methodology in Social Sciences, Himalaya

Publishing House, Mumbai, 2005.

* * * *

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