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Department of Industrial & Employment Relations
The Integration of Third Country Nationals at Their Place of Work in Malta
- A Qualitative Study
M.FSADNI & AssociatesMarket Research Consultants
21 May 2014
A The Research Brief
The Objective of this Research Project was twofold:
a. to undertake a qualitative research study and present a research report for discussion with social partners and interested stakeholders;
b. to present the qualitative research findings in a focused conference.
Research Brief
B The Research Plan
`
To address the research project's objectives, the Research Consultants adopted the following Research Plan:
Face-to-face Interviews with 10 Stakeholders Face-to-face interviews with 100 Third Country Nationals (TCNs) CATI interviews with 30 Employers of TCNs.
The Research Plan
Face-to-Face interviews with Stakeholders:
4 NGOs with an interest in TCN affairs A government agency with an interest in TCN affairs An NGO representing TCN workers (Filipinos) A leading employer association A large employer who currently employs employees hailing from over
30 nationalities An HR Manager A leading trade union A Sub-Saharan African TCN worker turned 'Self-Employed with
Employees' (in Malta).
The Research Plan
Face-to-Face interviews with 101 TCN Workers
The Research Plan
ASIAFilipino x 17
China x 2Japan x 1India x 1
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)Somalia x 18Eritrea x 17Ghana x 7
Ivory Coast x 6Nigeria x 6Ethiopia x 4
Togo x 4Mali x 2Niger x 2
Middle East/North Africa (MENA)Libya x 4Syria x 4
Tunisia x 3Morocco x 2Lebanon x 1
Egypt x 1
CATI Interviews with 30 Employers of TCN Workers
The Research Plan
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
1-9
10-49
50-249
250+
31 5 6 7 6 7
825.8%
120.0%
350.0%
114.3%
--
342.9%
1135.5%
240.0%
233.3%
457.1%
233.3%
114.3%
516.1%
--
--
228.6%
233.3%
114.3%
722.6%
240.0%
116.7%
--
233.3%
228.6%
Shortcomings of the Primary Research
The Research Consultant did not encounter any significant difficulties in inviting TCN workers and local employers to participate in the study.
The majority of TCNs approached, accepted to be interviewed. A small gift was given to each TCN respondent.
Some 120 local companies were contacted, out of which 31 employers accepted to be interviewed.
The employers who did not wish to be interviewed, either never employed TCN workers to date or refused to be interviewed, which is typical of the employer cohort.
The Research Plan
C Highlights of the Salient Findings
CiRespondent Profile –
TCN Workers
Gender of TCN Workers
Respondent Profile –
TCN Workers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Male
Female
101 21 14 66
7271.3%
314.3%
14100.0%
5583.3%
2928.7%
1885.7%
--
1116.7%
Age of TCN Workers
Respondent Profile –
TCN Workers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
18-24 yrs
25-34 yrs
35-44 yrs
45-54 yrs
55+ yrs
Refused
101 21 14 66
1514.9%
--
214.3%
1319.7%
5655.4%
523.8%
857.1%
4365.2%
2322.8%
1257.1%
321.4%
812.1%
76.9%
419.0%
17.1%
23.0%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Level of Education of TCN Workers
Respondent Profile –
TCN Workers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Refused
101 21 14 66
3332.7%
--
214.3%
3147.0%
4948.5%
523.8%
1285.7%
3248.5%
1918.8%
1676.2%
--
34.5%
--
--
--
--
Length of Stay of TCN Workers in Malta
Respondent Profile –
TCN Workers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Less than 6 months
Bet 6 mths - 1 yrs
Bet 1-2 yrs
Bet 2-5 yrs
Bet 5-10 yrs
Over 10 yrs
Refused
101 21 14 66
22.0%
29.5%
--
--
76.9%
--
--
710.6%
1918.8%
--
214.3%
1725.8%
2827.7%
942.9%
428.6%
1522.7%
4039.6%
628.6%
750.0%
2740.9%
55.0%
419.0%
17.1%
--
--
--
--
--
TCNs’ Future Plans
Respondent Profile –
TCN Workers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
I plan to settle inMalta
I plan to stay in Maltafor a limited time
only
I have not made anyplans yet
Dont Know
Refused
95 21 14 60
3637.9%
733.3%
642.9%
2338.3%
4345.3%
1152.4%
321.4%
2948.3%
1313.7%
29.5%
535.7%
610.0%
33.2%
14.8%
--
23.3%
--
--
--
--
Number of Family Members Living in Malta
Respondent Profile –
TCN Workers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
No family member
Bet 1-2 familymembers
Bet 3-4 family members
Bet 5-7 familymembers
Over 7 familymembers
Refused
101 21 14 66
5150.5%
628.6%
642.9%
3959.1%
2928.7%
838.1%
428.6%
1725.8%
1918.8%
733.3%
321.4%
913.6%
22.0%
--
17.1%
11.5%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Languages Spoken to Communicate in Malta (multiple-response question)
Respondent Profile –
TCN Workers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
English
Maltese
Body/Sign language
Other
I find it difficult tocommunicate
Refused
101 21 14 66
9190.1%
21100.0%
857.1%
6293.9%
3029.7%
314.3%
1285.7%
1522.7%
11.0%
14.8%
--
--
9796.0%
2095.2%
14100.0%
6395.5%
11.0%
--
--
11.5%
--
--
--
--
TCN Workers’ Forming Part of an Association in Malta
Respondent Profile –
TCN Workers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Yes
No
Refused
101 21 14 66
2120.8%
1990.5%
17.1%
11.5%
8079.2%
29.5%
1392.9%
6598.5%
--
--
--
--
Cii TCNs‘ Employment in Malta
Occupations Held by TCN Workers
TCNs’ Employment in Malta
ASIA• personal carer in private residence x 11• nanny in a private residence x 4• housekeeper in a private residence x 2 • shop manager x 2 • shop assistant X 2• beautician• scuba-diving assistant in a hotel.
MENA• construction x 9• dishwasher, kitchen helper in hotel x 2• housekeeping • security guard• clerk.
SSA• construction, plastering/painting/tile-laying x 20• housekeeping in a hotel x 12• dishwasher, kitchen helper in a hotel x 6• housekeeping in a restaurant/bar x 5• machine operator, packer in a factory x 4• housekeeping in a private residence x 3• assistant electrician x 3 • housekeeping in a supermarket x 2 • housekeeping in a school x 2• planting flowers x 2 • housekeeping in a hospital • garbage collector• translator • professional footballer• lifeguard in a waterpolo pitch.
Type of Work Environment TCNs Work in
TCNs’ Employment in Malta
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
work w ith otherMaltese workers
only
work w ith otherMaltese workers &
workers of yourown nationality
work w ith otherMaltese wrkrs,
other foreign wrkrs,& wrkrs of your own
nationality
work w ith otherworkers of your
own nationality only
You work alone
Refused
95 21 14 60
55.3%
14.8%
17.1%
35.0%
2122.1%
--
214.3%
1931.7%
4951.6%
419.0%
1071.4%
3558.3%
33.2%
--
17.1%
23.3%
1717.9%
1676.2%
--
11.7%
--
--
--
--
How Long TCN workers have been in Uninterrupted Employment
TCNs’ Employment in Malta
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Less than 3 months
Between 3-6 months
Between 6-12months
Between 1-2 yrs
Between 2-5 yrs
Between 5-10 yrs
Over 10 yrs
Refused
95 21 14 60
--
--
--
--
1616.8%
29.5%
--
1423.3%
1616.8%
--
17.1%
1525.0%
1717.9%
14.8%
428.6%
1220.0%
3132.6%
1152.4%
428.6%
1626.7%
1414.7%
628.6%
535.7%
35.0%
11.1%
14.8%
--
--
--
--
--
--
Comparison of TCN Workers’ Wages with Those of
Maltese Workers Employed in the Same Position
TCNs’ Employment in Malta
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
My wage is higher
My wage is similar
My wage is lower
Not Applicable
Refused
95 21 14 60
--
--
--
--
2324.2%
942.9%
750.0%
711.7%
7174.7%
1257.1%
642.9%
5388.3%
11.1%
--
17.1%
--
--
--
--
--
TCNs’ Utilizing Vacation Leave
TCNs’ Employment in Malta
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Yes
No
Dont Know
Refused
95 21 14 60
5861.1%
1990.5%
750.0%
3253.3%
3738.9%
29.5%
750.0%
2846.7%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Reasons for Not Taking Vacation Leave
TCNs’ Employment in Malta
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
I am paid for itinstead
My employer doesnot give me vacation
leave
Other
Dont Know
Refused
37 2 7 28
--
--
--
--
3389.2%
2100.0%
457.1%
2796.4%
410.8%
--
342.9%
13.6%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
CiiiTCNs & Trade Union
Membership
TCN Workers’ Trade Union Membership
Trade Union Membership
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Yes
No
Dont Know
Refused
95 21 14 60
11.1%
--
--
11.7%
9498.9%
21100.0%
14100.0%
5998.3%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
TCN Workers’ Trade Union Membership
Trade Union Membership
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Yes
No
Dont Know
Refused
95 21 14 60
11.1%
--
--
11.7%
9498.9%
21100.0%
14100.0%
5998.3%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
TCN Workers’ Interest to Become a Member in a Trade Union
Trade Union Membership
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Yes
No
Dont Know
Refused
94 21 14 59
2930.9%
628.6%
214.3%
2135.6%
5659.6%
1257.1%
1178.6%
3355.9%
99.6%
314.3%
17.1%
58.5%
--
--
--
--
TCN Workers’ being Members of the
Company’s Collective Agreement
Trade Union Membership
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
Yes
No
We don't have acollective
agreement w ithrecognised trade
union/s
Don’t know
31 5 6 7 6 7
26.5%
120.0%
--
--
116.7%
--
412.9%
--
116.7%
114.3%
116.7%
114.3%
2477.4%
360.0%
583.3%
685.7%
466.7%
685.7%
13.2%
120.0%
--
--
--
--
CivTCN Workers‘
Training Attendance on Conditions of Employment
TCN Workers’ Attending Training on Conditions of Employment
in the Last 5 Years
TCNs’ Training Attendance
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Yes
No
Dont Know
Refused
95 21 14 60
3840.0%
942.9%
535.7%
2440.0%
5760.0%
1257.1%
964.3%
3660.0%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
TCN Workers’ Ever Tried Attending Training on Conditions of Employment in the Last 5 Years
TCNs’ Training Attendance
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Yes
No
Dont Know
Refused
57 12 9 36
610.5%
18.3%
--
513.9%
5087.7%
1191.7%
9100.0%
3083.3%
11.8%
--
--
12.8%
--
--
--
--
TCN Workers’ Reasons for Not Trying to Attend Such Training
TCNs’ Training Attendance
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
I did not know thatsuch training exists
I did not knowwhere to enquire on
such training
I did not apply due tothe language barrier
I am not interested/do not need such
training
Other
Dont know
Refused
50 11 9 30
1632.0%
--
444.4%
1240.0%
1122.0%
763.6%
--
413.3%
36.0%
--
--
310.0%
1632.0%
327.3%
555.6%
826.7%
12.0%
19.1%
--
--
36.0%
--
--
310.0%
--
--
--
--
CvEmployers of TCN Workers –
A Respondent Profile
Employers of TCNs – No of Years
Respondent Profile –
Employers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
For less than 12months
Between 1-2 yrs
Between 2-5 yrs
For over 5 yrs
31 5 6 7 6 7
825.8%
240.0%
350.0%
114.3%
116.7%
114.3%
722.6%
--
--
228.6%
233.3%
342.9%
1445.2%
240.0%
350.0%
457.1%
233.3%
342.9%
26.5%
120.0%
--
--
116.7%
--
Employers of TCNs - By TCN Nationalities
Respondent Profile –
Employers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
Asia
Middle East/NorthAfrica e.g. Libya and
Egypt
Sub-Saharan Africae.g. Sierra Leone,Sudan and Somalia
31 5 6 7 6 7
619.4%
--
--
114.3%
350.0%
228.6%
825.8%
240.0%
233.3%
114.3%
116.7%
228.6%
2271.0%
480.0%
583.3%
571.4%
583.3%
342.9%
Number of TCN Workers Currently Employed with Company
Respondent Profile –
Employers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
1-2
3-4
5-10
11-20
21-50
51+
31 5 6 7 6 7
2064.5%
360.0%
466.7%
685.7%
233.3%
571.4%
39.7%
--
116.7%
114.3%
116.7%
--
412.9%
120.0%
--
--
233.3%
114.3%
--
--
--
--
--
--
26.5%
120.0%
116.7%
--
--
--
26.5%
--
--
--
116.7%
114.3%
Positions held by TCN Workers within the Company
Respondent Profile –
Employers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
Operative/unskilled
Technical/skilled
Clerical/secretarial
Management/middle-management
31 5 6 7 6 7
2787.1%
360.0%
6100.0%
685.7%
6100.0%
685.7%
825.8%
360.0%
--
114.3%
350.0%
114.3%
13.2%
--
--
--
116.7%
--
13.2%
--
--
--
--
114.3%
Level of Education of TCN Workers employed with company
Respondent Profile –
Employers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Don't know
31 5 6 7 6 7
2787.1%
5100.0%
6100.0%
571.4%
6100.0%
571.4%
2167.7%
240.0%
466.7%
571.4%
583.3%
571.4%
26.5%
120.0%
--
--
116.7%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Languages used by TCN Workers within the Company(multiple-response question)
Respondent Profile –
Employers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
English
Maltese
Mostly body & signlanguage
Other
31 5 6 7 6 7
3096.8%
5100.0%
583.3%
7100.0%
6100.0%
7100.0%
516.1%
120.0%
233.3%
114.3%
--
114.3%
2890.3%
480.0%
6100.0%
685.7%
6100.0%
685.7%
--
--
--
--
--
--
TCN Workers employed with the Company forming part of an association/group in Malta
Respondent Profile –
Employers
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
Yes
No
Some do, some dont
Don’t know
31 5 6 7 6 7
26.5%
--
116.7%
--
--
114.3%
2787.1%
480.0%
583.3%
7100.0%
6100.0%
571.4%
26.5%
120.0%
--
--
--
114.3%
--
--
--
--
--
--
CviReasons Why Employers
Employ TCN Workers
Reasons Why Companies employ TCN Workers –
Employers’ Perspective
Reasons for Employing TCNs
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
Lack of supply ofMaltese workers
Maltese workers donot want to do the
job
Maltese workerslack the required
skills
TCNs are usuallymore hard-working
Maltese workersare too expensive
Other
31 5 6 7 6 7
1754.8%
5100.0%
466.7%
342.9%
233.3%
342.9%
1961.3%
360.0%
583.3%
571.4%
233.3%
457.1%
1341.9%
240.0%
350.0%
342.9%
466.7%
114.3%
619.4%
120.0%
233.3%
114.3%
--
228.6%
13.2%
--
116.7%
--
--
--
1032.3%
120.0%
116.7%
228.6%
350.0%
342.9%
“OTHER” Reasons Why Companies employ TCN Workers – Employers’ Perspective
Reasons for Employing TCNs
TCN workers were recommended to us by Maltese employees (2 employers - import/ retail)TCN workers are able to work flexible hours (manufacture) TCN workers were recommended to us by a Maltese priest (hospitality)The TCN workers employed with us were selected through the usual recruitment & selection process adopted by our company (hospitality)In certain areas, TCN workers offer better service (hospitality)Maltese employees request very high wages which business cannot afford (services) Maltese employees do not want to work in hotels (services) The TCN was a friend of one of our company directors (services).
Reasons Why Companies employ TCN Workers –
TCN Workers’ Perspective
Reasons for Employing TCNs
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
TCNs accept lowerwages/leave
Maltese workersare in
employment/Notenough Maltese
workers
Maltese workers donot want to perform
difficult jobs
TCNS are morehardworking thanMaltese workers
Other
Dont Know
Refused
95 21 14 60
4951.6%
14.8%
1071.4%
3863.3%
1212.6%
14.8%
--
1118.3%
3637.9%
14.8%
964.3%
2643.3%
4446.3%
1152.4%
642.9%
2745.0%
2526.3%
1676.2%
214.3%
711.7%
11.1%
--
--
11.7%
--
--
--
--
“OTHER” Reasons Why Companies employ TCN Workers –
TCN Workers’ Perspective
Reasons for Employing TCNs
ASIAbecause I am ready to sleep in with the elderly not like the Maltese workers x 3because we have more patient and trustworthy x 3because we are trustworthy x 2because we are good people! because at work I am the only one who can communicate in Chinesebecause my employer needs my knowledge of the German and Chinese languagesbecause I am beneficial for my company as a translator for English French and Japanesebecause we have more patience and are ready to sleep in with the elderly as part of the jobbecause we are more patient with the elderlybecause I should be employed since I have been living in Malta for 16 yrs now.
SSAbecause the company needs more workers x 2 because there is a problem of jobs in Malta and TCN workers accept anything because I feel I should be given the same opportunity as othersbecause we can communicate better with people like us because ETC have found this job for meafter registering for work and waiting for a long time.
MENAbecause the employer benefits by not paying NI contributions and does not pay us for vacation leavebecause not many Maltese workers can do my kind of work.
CviiReasons for TCNs‘
Needing to Work in Malta
Reasons for TCNs’ Needing to work in Malta (multiple-response question)
Reasons for TCNs’
Needing to Work
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
For financial reasons
To integrate more inthe MalteseCommunity
Other 1
Other 2
Dont Know
Refused
95 21 14 60
95100.0%
21100.0%
14100.0%
60100.0%
6669.5%
1676.2%
321.4%
4778.3%
1313.7%
314.3%
428.6%
610.0%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
“OTHER” Reasons for TCNs’ Needing to work in Malta
Reasons for TCNs’
Needing to Work
ASIA because I have settled with my family in Malta because I was unemployed because in Malta the wage is better than in the Philippines.
MENA when the war ends in my country, I plan to bring my family over to Malta to keep my family in Malta I could not go back to Libya because of the war.
SSA I also have a Maltese visa I am able to get my family over and settle in Malta because I have a family to take care of I cannot live without work I like to work.
Reasons for TCNs’ Needing to work in Malta –
Employers’ Perspective - (multiple-response question)
Reasons for TCNs’
Needing to Work
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
Manufacture Construction Import/Retail Hospitality Services
Financial reasons
To make enoughmoney to move toanother European
country
Other
Don’t know
31 5 6 7 6 7
2890.3%
480.0%
6100.0%
7100.0%
583.3%
685.7%
26.5%
120.0%
--
--
--
114.3%
516.1%
240.0%
--
114.3%
116.7%
114.3%
--
--
--
--
--
--
“OTHER” Reasons for TCNs’ Needing to work in Malta – Employers’ Perspective
Reasons for TCNs’
Needing to Work
For better living conditions and personal safety reasons x 2For a better quality of lifeTo send money back homeFor financial reasons and job security.
CviiiIntegration of TCN Workers
At the Place of Work
TCN Workers' Needs at the Workplace Other than Just Earning Money (multiple-response question)
TCN Workers’ Integration
at the Place of Work
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
I only work to earnmoney
Friendship
Sense of belonging
To gain workexperience
Other
Dont Know
Refused
95 21 14 60
8185.3%
1571.4%
1285.7%
5490.0%
2728.4%
942.9%
321.4%
1525.0%
5254.7%
1466.7%
321.4%
3558.3%
7882.1%
21100.0%
750.0%
5083.3%
11.1%
--
17.1%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
TCN Worker's Perceptions on Being Part of the Team at the Place of Work
TCN Workers’ Integration
at the Place of Work
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Not at all part of theteam
Not part of the team
Fairly part of theteam
Part of the team
Very much part ofthe team
N/A - I work alone
Dont now
Refused
95 21 14 60
33.2%
--
214.3%
11.7%
99.5%
--
214.3%
711.7%
2425.3%
--
17.1%
2338.3%
2930.5%
29.5%
642.9%
2135.0%
1818.9%
838.1%
214.3%
813.3%
1212.6%
1152.4%
17.1%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
How TCN Workers Describe Their Colleagues at Their Place of Work
TCN Workers’ Integration
at the Place of Work
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Good friends
Just colleagues
No relationship at all
I work alone at theworkplace, I have no
colleagues
Don't Know
Refused
95 21 14 60
3637.9%
419.0%
428.6%
2846.7%
3233.7%
14.8%
857.1%
2338.3%
99.5%
--
17.1%
813.3%
1717.9%
1571.4%
17.1%
11.7%
--
--
--
--
11.1%
14.8%
--
--
Employers' Perceptions on the Reasons why TCNs DO Feel the Need to Integrate at the Workplace - I
TCN Workers’ Integration
at the Place of Work
Manufacture to feel integrated with the rest of the workforce and own the same vision to be respected by their employer and by their fellow colleagues to be accepted by their fellow colleagues and obtain friendship to obtain a sense of accomplishment together with the rest of the team.
Construction to feel part of the team at the workplace and obtain equal treatment x 3 to be one team and part of our workforce.
Import/ Retail to feel part of the team at the workplace and be given equal treatment x 2 we do not distinguish between our TCN workers and other Maltese employees! x 2 to be accepted by their fellow colleagues and communicate with them x 2 to feel part of the team. I must say that these employees are some of our best employees! we do our utmost to integrate her as a member of our workforce, with the same conditions, wage and contract.
Employers' Perceptions on the Reasons why TCNs DO Feel the Need to Integrate at the Workplace - II
TCN Workers’ Integration
at the Place of Work
Hospitality to feel part of the team at the workplace and work towards the same direction/vision of the company (once they feel integrated) x 4 we have one integrated team of employees, where everyone is treated equally x 2 they want to feel part of the team and we help them integrate as we do not distinguish between nationalities at our workplace to want to feel part of the team at the workplace and also participate in all the social activities we organise for our workforce.
Services to feel part of the team at the workplace and be treated like the rest x 2 we have one integrated team of employees, where everyone is treated equally they want to feel part of the team and we help them integrate as we do not distinguish between nationalities at our workplace although they clearly possess the need to integrate and form part of the whole team, it is difficult for us to integrate them, given that we have different cleaning contracts in different venues.
Employers' Perceptions on the Reasons why TCNs DO NOT Feel the Need to Integrate at the Workplace
TCN Workers’ Integration
at the Place of Work
TCNs do their job and that's it! There's no need to integrate them. I go and collect them from Marsa. They carry out a day's work, I pay them and that's it! They do their job and company does not have to integrate them. No specific reasons given x 2
TCN Workers’ Finding Assistance from Colleagues at the Workplace
TCN Workers’ Integration
at the Place of Work
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Yes
No
Not applicable
Refused
95 21 14 60
7376.8%
523.8%
1178.6%
5795.0%
55.3%
--
214.3%
35.0%
1717.9%
1676.2%
17.1%
--
--
--
--
--
TCN Workers’ Customer Interface
The 95 TCN respondents were asked whether their job entails interacting with clients.
23.2% (22 respondents) interact with clients at their workplace and a high 95.5% of these expressed their satisfaction with this client interaction.
The only one TCN respondent (out of the 22 respondents) who is not satisfied with client interaction is because "some clients are a bit racist". This TCN respondent hailed from MENA.
TCN Workers’ Integration
at the Place of Work
Reasons for TCN Workers’ Satisfaction with Client Interaction
TCN Workers’ Integration
at the Place of Work
ASIA because I get along well with clients because I give them very good service because I can communicate well in English because the colleagues are so nice with me because I feel important when contacting Chinese people in my language because I am often sent to Austria and China on business contacts as I know the language because I enjoy my job and I can communicate well with people.
SSA because they treat me well and I get along well with them too x 5 because I can understand them very well because they understand mebecause I can communicate with them I never had problems with clients. MENA because no one has ever complained x 3 because they say i do good work my work is working with clients so if they are dissatisfied I may lose my job.
CixPotential Barriers to
TCNs‘ Integration at the Place of Work
Potential Barriers to TCNs’ Integration – Employers’ Perspective
i. Language used by TCN workers Within the Company 93.5% (29 employers) believe that language (i.e. little or no knowledge of
English/Maltese) may act as a potential barrier for TCNs' integration at the work place.
ii. TCNs' Length of Stay in Malta 93.5% (29 employers) also believe that there is a strong correlation between the
length of the TCNs' stay in Malta with their integration at the workplace.
iii. 'One-Year Work Permit' System 84% (26 employers) believe that the termed work permit may act as a potential
barrier.
Potential Barriers to
TCN Workers’ Integration
CxTCNs‘
Wish-Haves & Turn-Offs at the Place of Work
TCNs' Wish-Haves at their Place of Work - (multiple-response question)
TCNs’ Wish-Haves
At the Place of Work
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
A better wage
More training
Greater flexibility
Lesssupervision/more
autonomy
A job promotion
A saferenvironment/moreprotective clothing
A longer break
More respect from my employer
Other
I dont know
Refused
95 21 14 60
9094.7%
1676.2%
14100.0%
60100.0%
3334.7%
1152.4%
321.4%
1931.7%
4446.3%
1361.9%
428.6%
2745.0%
1920.0%
523.8%
535.7%
915.0%
99.5%
14.8%
321.4%
58.3%
1717.9%
--
428.6%
1321.7%
1920.0%
733.3%
214.3%
1016.7%
99.5%
--
321.4%
610.0%
11.1%
14.8%
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
TCNs' Turn-Offs at their Place of Work - (multiple-response question)
TCNs’ Turn-Offs
At the Place of Work
CountsBreak %Respondents
Total
Total
ASIA MENA SSA
Low wage
Lack of flexibility
Dangerous job
A dangerousenvironment
Lack of respectfrom my employer
Other
I dont know
Refused
95 21 14 60
8286.3%
1466.7%
1178.6%
5795.0%
5760.0%
1990.5%
535.7%
3355.0%
1313.7%
--
535.7%
813.3%
1515.8%
--
535.7%
1016.7%
88.4%
--
321.4%
58.3%
--
--
--
--
11.1%
14.8%
--
--
--
--
--
--
CxiDifficulties Faced by
Employers of TCN Workers
Difficulties Faced by Employers of TCN Workers - I
A high 84% (26 employers) expressed their concerns on the difficulties they face as employers of TCN workers. These difficulties/risks are primarily tied to:
ETC's and other government departments' excessive delays and bureaucracy to address work permits and documentation relating to the recruitment of TCN workers.
A case in point: One employer respondent told us … “we applied for TCN work permits in Oct 2013 and we are now in May 2014 and still waiting patiently for ETC to give us a reply on our application!! We believe that two months should suffice to process a work permit application … a seven months’ delay is totally unacceptable! And what about our contractual obligations with our clients?“
Difficulties Faced by
Employers of TCN Workers
Difficulties Faced by Employers of TCN Workers - II
Employers need to renew their TCN workers' registration every three months, and present an updated police conduct certificate every time and other documentation. This process is too time-consuming and bureaucratic.
Some Heads of Department at ETC are not at all flexible and are too bureaucratic!
Employers’ cry for help to be allowed to operate on a level playing field and for those operators working illegally and paying below minimum-wage wages to be monitored and checked by the local authorities.
Difficulties Faced by
Employers of TCN Workers
CxiiEmployers & TCN Workers Seeking Assistance from
Public Authorities
TCN Workers’ Awareness of Salient Public Authorities
The TCN worker respondents were asked to indicate whether they have ever heard of the following Public Authorities.
90.5% (86 respondents) have heard of ETC 45.3% (43 respondents) have heard of OHSA 29.5% (28 respondents) have heard of DIER 22.1% (21 respondents) have heard of NCPE.
TCNs Seeking Assistance
from Public Authorities
The Government Authorities TCN Workers would seek Assistance From If They have a Problem at their Place of Work
ASIAI would go to ETC x 5I would go to the Labour Office or to the ETC x 2I would go to the Filipino Workers Association x 2 First I would go to our Filipino Workers Association and then I go to ETC x 2I would go to ETC or the Social Services Dept I would go to the Ministry or to the ETC I would go to my Manager or to the ETCI would go to the Labour Office (DIER)I would inform the PoliceI would go to my Manager
MENA I would contact ETC x 5I would go to my Manager at work.
SSA I would go to my Manager at work x 16I would contact ETC x 8I would inform the Police x 5I would go the Social Services Dept I would go to the Social Services Dept or the ETCI would inform the Refugee CommissionerI would inform a lawyer engaged in defending human rightsI would look for another job.
TCNs Seeking Assistance
from Public Authorities
Suggestions on specific assistance programmes Government should provide Employers of TCN workers - I
The process of issuing of work permits by ETC should be made more efficient and less bureaucratic.
Government entities in general should provide a better and more efficient service and reduce unnecessary bureaucracy!
ETC should shortlist applicants who are currently registering for work well before forwarding their CVs to companies seeking to recruit individuals. This ETC's shortcoming is causing frustration and a waste of time/ money for private sector employers who are genuinely seeking to recruit new employees.
Government must monitor and check companies who employ TCN workers on precarious conditions.
Employers Seeking Assistance
from Public Authorities
Suggestions on specific assistance programmes Government should provide Employers of TCN workers - II
Government should provide more assistance to local employers who genuinely work hard and who generate employment for Maltese and TCN workers.
Increase ‘culture awareness’ to TCNs by offering them training on Maltese work standards, values, cultural norms, etc.
ETC/ Government should be more pro-active vis-à-vis encouraging unemployed Maltese individuals and those registering for work to find work and should remove all those individuals registering for work (and receiving unemployment benefits) who do not want to work!
Employers Seeking Assistance
from Public Authorities
The Need for a Specific Integration Policy
The Employer respondents were asked whether existing policies/ systems in Malta are adequately structured for TCNs working in Malta or not.
Some 2 in 3 Employers (65.5% - 20 employers) believe that existing policies/ systems are adequately structured for all workers, whilst 1 in 3 do not agree that existing policies/ systems are adequate (35.5% - 11 employers).
Although the majority of the employers did emphasize the importance of the enhancing existing Government assistance programmes for Employers of TCN workers, a significant 84% (26 employers) do not believe that there is a need for a specific integration policy related to TCNs at the place of work in Malta.
Employers Seeking Assistance
from Public Authorities
DDiversity Management
in Malta Best Practice Case Study –
“The Grand Hotel Excelsior“
Best Practice in
Diversity Management
AlbanianArmenianBritishBulgarianChineseCzechEritreanEthiopianFrenchGhanaian HungarianIcelandicIndianIrishItalianIvorian
Lebanese Lithuanian MalteseMoroccan Nigerian Philippine RussianSenegalese SlovakSpanishTogolese ThaiTunisianTurkish Ukrainian
At present, The Grand Hotel Excelsior in Floriana employs some 31 different nationalities at different levels of its organigram:
Best Practice in
Diversity Management
Best Practice in
Diversity Management
Best Practice in
Diversity Management
Best Practice in
Diversity Management
Best Practice in
Diversity Management
Best Practice in
Diversity Management
I thank you for your attention!
Marika Fsadni