Density’s affect on Earth Layers of the Earth And Atmosphere.
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Transcript of Density’s affect on Earth Layers of the Earth And Atmosphere.
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Density’s affect on Earth
Layers of the Earth And Atmosphere
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I. Layers of The Earth—Inside Out”
A. The Inner CoreB. The Outer CoreC. The MantleD. The Crust
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Layer Size State of Matter
Compostition(what its made of)
Density
Temperature
Inner Core
1300 Km Thick
Solid Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni)----or steel
11.5 g/cm³
5000-6000ºC
OuterCore
2250 Km Thick
Liquid Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni)----or steel
10.5 g/cm³
2200-5000ºC
Mantle
2900 KmThick
Putty-likeSolid
Mostly:1.Silicon2.Oxygen3.Iron (7.8 g/cm3)4.Magnesium (1.7 g/cm3)
4.4 g/cm³
870-2200ºC
Crust 8-32 Km Thick
Solid Rock
Made of most of the elements—most common: 1. Oxygen 46%--(1.4 g/cm3)2.Silicon 27%--(2.3 g/cm3) 3.Aluminum 8%--(2.7 g/cm3)
2.7g/cm³
0-100ºC
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II. Inner Core
A. Solid B. Composition: Iron (Fe) and Nickel
(Ni)----or steel C. Size: 1300 Km Radius D. Temperature: 5,000 – 6000° C E. Average Density: 11.5 g/cm3
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F. Earths Core— creates a magnetic field around the earth (magnetosphere).
Van Allen Belts: Magnetism burning up UV radiation from sun
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III. Outer Core A. Liquid B. Composition: Iron and Nickel C. Size: 2250 Km thick D. Temperature: 2200-5000ºC E. Average Density: 10.5 g/ml
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IV. The Mantle A. Putty-Like Solid B. Composition: Mostly Silicon (Si--
2.3 g/cm3), Oxygen (O---1.4 g/cm3), Iron (Fe--- 7.8 g/cm3), and Magnesium (Mg--- 1.7 g/cm3).
C. Size: 2900 Km thick D. Temperature: 870-2200ºC E. Average Density: 4.4 g/cm3
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F. Forces in the Mantle: Convection Currents cause movement in the crust—Earthquakes and Volcanoes.
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V. Crust
• A. About 8-32 Kilometers Thick.B. Temperature between about 0-100 C.C. Solid Rock.D. Composed of most of the elements
known to man—most common Oxygen 46%, Silicon 27%, and Aluminum 8%
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G. Composed of Tectonic Plates
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Tectonic Plates
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VI. Hydrosphere:
A. The Oceans, Lakes, Glaciers, and clouds on top of the earth’s crust.
B. The average density is 1 g/ml.
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Earths Atmosphere: Lowest to highest
Layers Properties Temperature
Altitude
Troposphere
17 to -52° C
14.5 Km
Stratosphere
Around -3° C
50 Km
Mesosphere
Around -93° C
85 Km
Thermosphere
Around 1,727° C
600 Km
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VII. AtmosphereA. Composition:
78% Nitrogen and 21 % Oxygen. The rest is Carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other trace gases.
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B. Layers: 1. Troposphere: The lowest layer where we live. Clouds and weather form here. 14.5 Km high and temp is 17 to -52° C.
2. Stratosphere: Contains the ozone layer (molecules of three Oxygen atoms) which burns up deadly rays from the sun. Goes to about 50Km high and temp is around -3° C.
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Layers Cont.
3. Mesosphere: Goes to 85 Km. Temp -93°C. It is the coldest layer. It is also the layer in which meteors burn up.
4. Thermosphere: The hottest layer of the atmosphere—up to 1,727°C it extends to 600 Km high.
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VIII. PropertiesA) The higher you go the less dense.
B) The higher you go the less pressure.